Black Loyalists

Libraries:

library(dplyr)

## 
## Attaching package: 'dplyr'

## The following objects are masked from 'package:stats':
## 
##     filter, lag

## The following objects are masked from 'package:base':
## 
##     intersect, setdiff, setequal, union

library(ggplot2)
library(tidyr)
library(stringr)
library(scales)

Load Datasets

bl_loyal <- read.csv("black_loyalists.csv")

loyal <- read.csv("val_clean.csv",
                  header = TRUE)

Sex comparison, black vs white loyalists:

  ggplot(bl_loyal, aes(x = sex)) +
  geom_bar(stat = "count", fill = "purple") +
  labs(title = "Sex Ratio of VA Black Loyalists")

  ggplot(loyal, aes(x = sex)) +
  geom_bar(stat = "count", fill = "purple") +
  labs(title = "Sex Ratio of VA White Loyalists")

Black loyalists war county data:

ggplot(bl_loyal, aes(x = war_county)) +
  geom_bar(stat = "count", fill ="purple") +
  labs(title = "War Counties")

bl_loyal %>% count(war_county)

## # A tibble: 27 × 2
##       war_county     n
##           <fctr> <int>
## 1        Accomac     6
## 2     Buckingham     1
## 3          Cecil     1
## 4   Chesterfield     2
## 5     Cumberland     2
## 6          Essex     1
## 7     Gloucester     4
## 8        Hampton     3
## 9  Isle of Wight    12
## 10   James River     2
## # ... with 17 more rows

Black loyalists war city data:

ggplot(bl_loyal, aes(x = war_city)) +
  geom_bar(stat = "count", fill ="purple") +
  labs (title = "War Cities")

bl_loyal %>% count(war_city)

## # A tibble: 63 × 2
##        war_city     n
##          <fctr> <int>
## 1   Black River     1
## 2    Blackwater     1
## 3       Carlyne     1
## 4   Caven Court     1
## 5  Charles City     1
## 6  Charlesfield     1
## 7  Cherry Point     2
## 8   Cherrystone     1
## 9       Chester     1
## 10 Chesterfield     1
## # ... with 53 more rows

Where black loyalists are resettled after the war:

ggplot(bl_loyal, aes(x = dest_nation)) +
  geom_bar(stat = "count", fill = "purple")+
  labs(title = " Black VA Loyalist Exile Nation",
       x= "Post War Nation")

ggplot(bl_loyal, aes(x = dest_city)) +
  geom_bar(stat = "count", fill = "purple")+
  labs(title = " Black VA Loyalist Exile City",
       x= "Post War City")

How loyalists obtained freedom:

bl_loyal %>% count(current_status, obtained_freedom)

## Source: local data frame [12 x 3]
## Groups: current_status [?]
## 
##    current_status              obtained_freedom     n
##            <fctr>                        <fctr> <int>
## 1            free                     born free    21
## 2            free                   brought off     8
## 3            free                    manumitted     1
## 4            free                       runaway   382
## 5            free runaway--British Proclamation     4
## 6            free                   served time     2
## 7            free                            NA     7
## 8      indentured                       runaway     1
## 9           slave                   brought off     1
## 10          slave                         slave     1
## 11          slave                            NA     1
## 12             NA                            NA     4

Legal Status Before the War: Not surprising

ggplot(bl_loyal, aes(x= former_status, fill = sex)) +
  geom_bar(width = 1) +
labs(title = "Status Before the War",
       x= "Legal Status")

Legal Status After the War:

ggplot(bl_loyal, aes(x= current_status, fill = sex)) +
  geom_bar(width = 1) +
labs(title = "Status After the War",
       x= "Legal Status")

The Year Enslaved loyalists Ran Away: Note 40 are missing.

bl_loyal %>% count(freedom_year)

## # A tibble: 11 × 2
##    freedom_year     n
##           <int> <int>
## 1          1763     1
## 2          1775     6
## 3          1776    50
## 4          1777    45
## 5          1778    86
## 6          1779   124
## 7          1780    49
## 8          1781    28
## 9          1782     3
## 10         1783     1
## 11           NA    40

ggplot(bl_loyal, aes(freedom_year, fill = sex)) +
  geom_bar(width = 1) +
  labs(title = "Years Black Loyalists Escaped Slavery", 
       x= "Years")

## Warning: Removed 40 rows containing non-finite values (stat_count).

Data on Norfolk:

bl_loyal_norfolk <- bl_loyal %>%
  filter(war_city =="Norfolk") 

ggplot(bl_loyal_norfolk, aes(x= dest_city)) +
geom_bar(fill = "purple")+
  labs(title = "Where Black Norfolk Loyalists Moved", 
        x= "Post War Destination")

bl_loyal_norfolk %>% count(freedom_year, former_status)

## Source: local data frame [9 x 3]
## Groups: freedom_year [?]
## 
##   freedom_year former_status     n
##          <int>        <fctr> <int>
## 1         1775         slave     2
## 2         1776         slave    20
## 3         1777         slave     6
## 4         1778         slave    22
## 5         1779         slave    22
## 6         1780         slave     6
## 7         1781         slave     2
## 8           NA          free     1
## 9           NA         slave     6