1.1

1 Collecting, organizing, summarizing, and analyzing information or data to draw conclusions or answer questions.

3 Individual

5 Statistic

7 Parameter

9 Statistic

11 Statistic

13 Statistic

15 Qualitative

17 Quantitative

19 Quantitative

21 Qualitative

23 Discrete

25 Continuous

27 Discrete

29 Discrete

1.2

9 Observational study

10 Experiment

11 Experiment

12 Observational study

13 Observational study

14 Experiment

17

  1. This type of observational study is a cohort study. These people were the cohorts, being observed over a period of time.

  2. The response variable is the level of happiness and the response variable is whether or not one contracted heart disease.

  3. The researchers haven’t ruled out the confounding variable, which is the fact that genetics could be causing emotions and heart disease, not overall happiness.

20

  1. This is an observational study because the researchers did nothing to interfere with the participants lives. They let these people live their lives and some of them happened to get married, some didn’t. This is a cohort study due to the amount of time these participants were being watched for.

  2. The response variable is potential weight gain and the explanatory variable is getting married or living with a romantic partner.

  3. Some potential lurking variables could be genetics, stress, whether they exercise or not, etc.

  4. No, we cannot. We can say that the two are associated, but we cannot prove that getting married/cohabiting causes one to gain weight.