Data Analyst task
Trinadh Nagubadi
14 May 2016
1 Setting Working Directory
getwd()## [1] "D:/R Working Directory"setwd("D:/R Working Directory")2. Importing the Excel file data into ‘R’
Mooch_sales<-read.csv(file="Data_Analyst_Task.csv",stringsAsFactors=TRUE,header=TRUE)
print(Mooch_sales)## Item Quantity Cost.per.item Profit...per.item
## 1 Burger 1 100 £5.50 0.33
## 2 Burger 2 170 £5.50 0.41
## 3 Burger 3 33 £5.50 0.28
## 4 Burger 4 38 £5.50 0.19
## 5 Burger 5 39 £5.50 0.29
## 6 Burger 6 67 £5.50 0.19
## 7 Burger 7 171 £5.50 0.38
## 8 Burger 8 44 £4.50 0.29
## 9 Burger 9 30 £5.50 0.29
## 10 Burger 10 27 £5.50 0.47
## 11 Chips 100 £2.25 0.85
## 12 Lasagne 16 £5.50 0.69
## Sales.per.market.segment.1 Sales.per.market.segment.2
## 1 0.05 0.06
## 2 0.17 0.20
## 3 0.20 0.01
## 4 0.01 0.04
## 5 0.04 0.08
## 6 0.08 0.11
## 7 0.11 0.10
## 8 0.10 0.24
## 9 0.05 0.16
## 10 0.16 0.16
## 11 0.16 0.16
## 12 0.16 0.17
## Sales.per.market.segment.3 Sales.per.market.segment.4
## 1 0.17 0.11
## 2 0.03 0.01
## 3 0.10 0.22
## 4 0.10 0.14
## 5 0.05 0.20
## 6 0.16 0.05
## 7 0.16 0.18
## 8 0.23 0.08
## 9 0.10 0.11
## 10 0.10 0.10
## 11 0.05 0.05
## 12 0.16 0.16
## Sales.per.market.segment.5 Sales.per.market.segment.6
## 1 0.06 0.22
## 2 0.27 0.01
## 3 0.01 0.22
## 4 0.30 0.14
## 5 0.15 0.03
## 6 0.26 0.10
## 7 0.17 0.10
## 8 0.22 0.05
## 9 0.14 0.16
## 10 0.24 0.01
## 11 0.02 0.20
## 12 0.05 0.14
## Sales.per.market.segment.7 Sales.per.market.segment.8 Total.of.segments
## 1 0.16 0.17 1
## 2 0.18 0.13 1
## 3 0.02 0.22 1
## 4 0.13 0.14 1
## 5 0.22 0.23 1
## 6 0.14 0.10 1
## 7 0.08 0.10 1
## 8 0.03 0.05 1
## 9 0.12 0.16 1
## 10 0.22 0.01 1
## 11 0.14 0.22 1
## 12 0.02 0.14 13. Data Manipulation
Renaming the Column names(variables Names) in Structure Format
str(Mooch_sales)## 'data.frame': 12 obs. of 13 variables:
## $ Item : Factor w/ 12 levels "Burger 1","Burger 10",..: 1 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 2 ...
## $ Quantity : int 100 170 33 38 39 67 171 44 30 27 ...
## $ Cost.per.item : Factor w/ 3 levels "£2.25","£4.50",..: 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 3 3 ...
## $ Profit...per.item : num 0.33 0.41 0.28 0.19 0.29 0.19 0.38 0.29 0.29 0.47 ...
## $ Sales.per.market.segment.1: num 0.05 0.17 0.2 0.01 0.04 0.08 0.11 0.1 0.05 0.16 ...
## $ Sales.per.market.segment.2: num 0.06 0.2 0.01 0.04 0.08 0.11 0.1 0.24 0.16 0.16 ...
## $ Sales.per.market.segment.3: num 0.17 0.03 0.1 0.1 0.05 0.16 0.16 0.23 0.1 0.1 ...
## $ Sales.per.market.segment.4: num 0.11 0.01 0.22 0.14 0.2 0.05 0.18 0.08 0.11 0.1 ...
## $ Sales.per.market.segment.5: num 0.06 0.27 0.01 0.3 0.15 0.26 0.17 0.22 0.14 0.24 ...
## $ Sales.per.market.segment.6: num 0.22 0.01 0.22 0.14 0.03 0.1 0.1 0.05 0.16 0.01 ...
## $ Sales.per.market.segment.7: num 0.16 0.18 0.02 0.13 0.22 0.14 0.08 0.03 0.12 0.22 ...
## $ Sales.per.market.segment.8: num 0.17 0.13 0.22 0.14 0.23 0.1 0.1 0.05 0.16 0.01 ...
## $ Total.of.segments : int 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ...colnames(Mooch_sales)[c(1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13)]<-c("Item","Quantity","Cost_per_item","Profit_per_item","Sales_per_market_segment_1","Sales_per_market_segment_2","Sales_per_market_segment_3","Sales_per_market_segment_4","Sales_per_market_segment_5","Sales_per_market_segment_6","Sales_per_market_segment_7","Sales_per_market_segment_8","Total_of_segments")Sales per market segment 1
The Histogram is effective graphical technique for showing the both SKEWNESS and KUrtosis of Mooch_sales datset
# the density Function is also showing plot the graph. but in this graph we are not able to reconize well, to find out what is the exact distrubtion of data,histogram is the extract distribution density is showed you the distribution of the line
skewness is the measure of symmentry in the distrubution of data sets
its a distibution which checks skewness how the data is distibuted is a negative(-ve) skewness or Positive(+ve) skewness
Kurtosis is a measure of the Peakness of probability distribution of a real valued random Variable
Kurtosis is a measure of wheather the data is Flat (or) Peaked
hist(Mooch_sales$Sales_per_market_segment_1,main="Students' Union's Mooch bar", xlab="Sales per market segment 1",border="lightcoral",col="darkseagreen2",las=2)
# the Sales per market segment Certainly tells that there is a long tail left hand side,there is a some kind of Skewness which we can obviously look this data hist(log(Mooch_sales$Sales_per_market_segment_1),main="Students' Union's Mooch bar", xlab="Sales per market segment 1",border="lightcoral",col="darkseagreen2",las=2)
# # Doing a kind of transformation here in a logarithmic scale for the value of Sales per market segment 1plot(density(Mooch_sales$Sales_per_market_segment_1),col="Blue")
hist(Mooch_sales$Sales_per_market_segment_1,prob=TRUE,col="grey")
lines(density(Mooch_sales$Sales_per_market_segment_1),col="blue",lwd=2)
lines(density(Mooch_sales$Sales_per_market_segment_1,adjust=2),lty="dotted",col="RED",lwd=2)
##############################
########## skewness ##########
##############################
# here the points is moved to the left that is "-0.05820875" _ve skewness
##############################
########## Kurtosis ##########
##############################
# in the give Data the Sales_per_market_segment_1 is Platykurtic because the Value is "-1.615413" NegativeSales per market segment 2
hist(Mooch_sales$Sales_per_market_segment_2,main="Students' Union's Mooch bar", xlab="Sales per market segment 1",border="lightcoral",col="darkseagreen2",las=2)
# the Sales per market segment Certainly tells that there is a long tail left hand side,there is a some kind of Skewness which we can obviously look this data hist(log(Mooch_sales$Sales_per_market_segment_1),main="Students' Union's Mooch bar", xlab="Sales per market segment 2",border="lightcoral",col="darkseagreen2",las=2)
# # Doing a kind of transformation here in a logarithmic scale for the value of Sales per market segment 2plot(density(Mooch_sales$Sales_per_market_segment_2),col="Blue")
hist(Mooch_sales$Sales_per_market_segment_2,prob=TRUE,col="grey")
lines(density(Mooch_sales$Sales_per_market_segment_2),col="blue",lwd=2)
lines(density(Mooch_sales$Sales_per_market_segment_2,adjust=2),lty="dotted",col="RED",lwd=2)
##############################
########## skewness ##########
##############################
# here the points is moved to the left that is "-0.05805075" _ve skewness
##############################
########## Kurtosis ##########
##############################
# in the give Data the Sales_per_market_segment_2 is Platykurtic because the Value is "-1.277058" NegativeSales per market segment 3
hist(Mooch_sales$Sales_per_market_segment_3,main="Students' Union's Mooch bar", xlab="Sales per market segment 3",border="lightcoral",col="darkseagreen2",las=2)
# the Sales per market segment Certainly tells that there is a long tail left hand side,there is a some kind of Skewness which we can obviously look this data hist(log(Mooch_sales$Sales_per_market_segment_3),main="Students' Union's Mooch bar", xlab="Sales per market segment 3",border="lightcoral",col="darkseagreen2",las=2)
# # Doing a kind of transformation here in a logarithmic scale for the value of Sales per market segment 3plot(density(Mooch_sales$Sales_per_market_segment_3),col="Blue")
hist(Mooch_sales$Sales_per_market_segment_3,prob=TRUE,col="grey")
lines(density(Mooch_sales$Sales_per_market_segment_3),col="blue",lwd=2)
lines(density(Mooch_sales$Sales_per_market_segment_3,adjust=2),lty="dotted",col="RED",lwd=2)
##############################
########## skewness ##########
##############################
# here the points is moved to the Right that is "0.1956756" +ve skewness
##############################
########## Kurtosis ##########
##############################
# in the give Data the Sales_per_market_segment_3 is Platykurtic because the Value is "-1.139855" NegativeSales per market segment 4
hist(Mooch_sales$Sales_per_market_segment_4,main="Students' Union's Mooch bar", xlab="Sales per market segment 4",border="lightcoral",col="darkseagreen2",las=2)
# the Sales per market segment Certainly tells that there is a long tail right hand side,there is a some kind of Skewness which we can obviously look this data hist(log(Mooch_sales$Sales_per_market_segment_4),main="Students' Union's Mooch bar", xlab="Sales per market segment 4",border="lightcoral",col="darkseagreen2",las=2)
# # Doing a kind of transformation here in a logarithmic scale for the value of Sales per market segment 4plot(density(Mooch_sales$Sales_per_market_segment_4),col="Blue")
hist(Mooch_sales$Sales_per_market_segment_4,prob=TRUE,col="grey")
lines(density(Mooch_sales$Sales_per_market_segment_4),col="blue",lwd=2)
lines(density(Mooch_sales$Sales_per_market_segment_4,adjust=2),lty="dotted",col="RED",lwd=2)
##############################
########## skewness ##########
##############################
# here the points is moved to the Right that is "0.01674235" +ve skewness
##############################
########## Kurtosis ##########
##############################
# in the give Data the Sales_per_market_segment_4 is Platykurtic because the Value is "-1.321457" NegativeSales per market segment 5
hist(Mooch_sales$Sales_per_market_segment_5,main="Students' Union's Mooch bar", xlab="Sales per market segment 5",border="lightcoral",col="darkseagreen2",las=2)
# the Sales per market segment Certainly tells that there is a long tail left hand side,there is a some kind of Skewness which we can obviously look this data hist(log(Mooch_sales$Sales_per_market_segment_5),main="Students' Union's Mooch bar", xlab="Sales per market segment 5",border="lightcoral",col="darkseagreen2",las=2)
# # Doing a kind of transformation here in a logarithmic scale for the value of Sales per market segment 5plot(density(Mooch_sales$Sales_per_market_segment_5),col="Blue")
hist(Mooch_sales$Sales_per_market_segment_5,prob=TRUE,col="grey")
lines(density(Mooch_sales$Sales_per_market_segment_5),col="blue",lwd=2)
lines(density(Mooch_sales$Sales_per_market_segment_5,adjust=2),lty="dotted",col="RED",lwd=2)
##############################
########## skewness ##########
##############################
# here the points is moved to the left that is "-0.1363499" -ve skewness
##############################
########## Kurtosis ##########
##############################
# in the give Data the Sales_per_market_segment_5 is Platykurtic because the Value is "-1.661504" NegativeSales per market segment 6
hist(Mooch_sales$Sales_per_market_segment_6,main="Students' Union's Mooch bar", xlab="Sales per market segment 6",border="lightcoral",col="darkseagreen2",las=2)
# the Sales per market segment Certainly tells that there is a long tail left hand side,there is a some kind of Skewness which we can obviously look this data hist(log(Mooch_sales$Sales_per_market_segment_6),main="Students' Union's Mooch bar", xlab="Sales per market segment 6",border="lightcoral",col="darkseagreen2",las=2)
# # Doing a kind of transformation here in a logarithmic scale for the value of Sales per market segment 6plot(density(Mooch_sales$Sales_per_market_segment_6),col="Blue")
hist(Mooch_sales$Sales_per_market_segment_6,prob=TRUE,col="grey")
lines(density(Mooch_sales$Sales_per_market_segment_6),col="blue",lwd=2)
lines(density(Mooch_sales$Sales_per_market_segment_6,adjust=2),lty="dotted",col="RED",lwd=2)
##############################
########## skewness ##########
##############################
# here the points is moved to the left that is "-0.02818853" -ve skewness
##############################
########## Kurtosis ##########
##############################
# in the give Data the Sales_per_market_segment_6 is Platykurtic because the Value is "-1.601279" NegativeSales per market segment 7
hist(Mooch_sales$Sales_per_market_segment_7,main="Students' Union's Mooch bar", xlab="Sales per market segment 7",border="lightcoral",col="darkseagreen2",las=2)
# the Sales per market segment Certainly tells that there is a long tail left hand side,there is a some kind of Skewness which we can obviously look this data hist(log(Mooch_sales$Sales_per_market_segment_7),main="Students' Union's Mooch bar", xlab="Sales per market segment 7",border="lightcoral",col="darkseagreen2",las=2)
# # Doing a kind of transformation here in a logarithmic scale for the value of Sales per market segment 766
plot(density(Mooch_sales$Sales_per_market_segment_7),col="Blue")
hist(Mooch_sales$Sales_per_market_segment_7,prob=TRUE,col="grey")
lines(density(Mooch_sales$Sales_per_market_segment_7),col="blue",lwd=2)
lines(density(Mooch_sales$Sales_per_market_segment_7,adjust=2),lty="dotted",col="RED",lwd=2)
##############################
########## skewness ##########
##############################
# here the points is moved to the left that is "-0.1788896" -ve skewness
##############################
########## Kurtosis ##########
##############################
# in the give Data the Sales_per_market_segment_7 is Platykurtic because the Value is "-1.416921" NegativeSales per market segment 8
hist(Mooch_sales$Sales_per_market_segment_8,main="Students' Union's Mooch bar", xlab="Sales per market segment 8",border="lightcoral",col="darkseagreen2",las=2)
# the Sales per market segment Certainly tells that there is a long tail left hand side,there is a some kind of Skewness which we can obviously look this data hist(log(Mooch_sales$Sales_per_market_segment_8),main="Students' Union's Mooch bar", xlab="Sales per market segment 8",border="lightcoral",col="darkseagreen2",las=2)
# # Doing a kind of transformation here in a logarithmic scale for the value of Sales per market segment 8plot(density(Mooch_sales$Sales_per_market_segment_8),col="Blue")
hist(Mooch_sales$Sales_per_market_segment_8,prob=TRUE,col="grey")
lines(density(Mooch_sales$Sales_per_market_segment_8),col="blue",lwd=2)
lines(density(Mooch_sales$Sales_per_market_segment_8,adjust=2),lty="dotted",col="RED",lwd=2)
##############################
########## skewness ##########
##############################
# here the points is moved to the left that is "-0.3056849" -ve skewness
##############################
########## Kurtosis ##########
##############################
# in the give Data the Sales_per_market_segment_8 is Platykurtic because the Value is "-1.019106" Negative