Repeated Measures for PERMA Happiness

# Loading the dataset that has been reset into a long version
load("/Users/levibrackman/data.test.RData")

For lme to work GROUP and ID need to be seen as factors

data.test$GROUP <- as.factor(data.test$GROUP)
data.test$ID <- as.factor(data.test$ID)
# Load the psych package
library(psych)

Describe the PERMAHAPPY variable by the GROUP variable

describeBy(data.test$PERMA17, group = data.test$GROUP)
## group: 0
##   vars  n mean   sd median trimmed  mad min max range  skew kurtosis  se
## 1    1 80 6.85 1.83      7    7.06 1.48   1  10     9 -1.02     0.85 0.2
## -------------------------------------------------------- 
## group: 1
##   vars  n mean   sd median trimmed  mad min max range  skew kurtosis   se
## 1    1 70 7.14 1.84    7.5    7.38 0.74   2  10     8 -1.07     0.76 0.22
## -------------------------------------------------------- 
## group: 2
##   vars n mean   sd median trimmed  mad min max range  skew kurtosis   se
## 1    1 5  6.6 2.88      7     6.6 2.97   2   9     7 -0.58    -1.51 1.29

Create a plot that visualizes PERMAHAPPY variable by the GROUP variable

library(ggplot2)
## 
## Attaching package: 'ggplot2'
## 
## The following object is masked from 'package:psych':
## 
##     %+%
qplot(GROUP, PERMA17, data = data.test, geom = "boxplot")

plot of chunk unnamed-chunk-4


# Load the nlme package
library(nlme)

Two way repeated measures


with(data.test, boxplot(PERMA17 ~ wave + GROUP))

plot of chunk unnamed-chunk-5

Graphing the Two-Way Interaction.

# Load the nlme package
library(nlme)

I am not sure if I am doing this right

baseline <- lme(PERMA17 ~ 1, random = ~1 | ID/GROUP/wave, data = data.test, 
    method = "ML")

PERMAHAPPYModel <- lme(PERMA17 ~ GROUP, random = ~1 | ID/GROUP/wave, data = data.test, 
    method = "ML")

PERMAHAPPY2Model <- lme(PERMA17 ~ GROUP + wave, random = ~1 | ID/GROUP/wave, 
    data = data.test, method = "ML")

fullModel <- lme(PERMA17 ~ GROUP * wave, random = ~1 | ID/GROUP/wave, data = data.test, 
    method = "ML")

We again the significance of our modePERMAHAPPY by comparing them from the baseline model using the anova() function.


anova(baseline, PERMAHAPPYModel, PERMAHAPPY2Model, fullModel)
##                  Model df   AIC   BIC logLik   Test L.Ratio p-value
## baseline             1  5 604.8 620.0 -297.4                       
## PERMAHAPPYModel      2  7 608.4 629.7 -297.2 1 vs 2   0.412  0.8138
## PERMAHAPPY2Model     3  8 606.4 630.7 -295.2 2 vs 3   4.009  0.0453
## fullModel            4 10 605.8 636.3 -292.9 3 vs 4   4.556  0.1025
summary(fullModel)
## Warning: NaNs produced
## Linear mixed-effects model fit by maximum likelihood
##  Data: data.test 
##     AIC   BIC logLik
##   605.8 636.3 -292.9
## 
## Random effects:
##  Formula: ~1 | ID
##         (Intercept)
## StdDev:       1.583
## 
##  Formula: ~1 | GROUP %in% ID
##         (Intercept)
## StdDev:   0.0003785
## 
##  Formula: ~1 | wave %in% GROUP %in% ID
##         (Intercept) Residual
## StdDev:   3.878e-05   0.9866
## 
## Fixed effects: PERMA17 ~ GROUP * wave 
##              Value Std.Error DF t-value p-value
## (Intercept)  6.678    0.4255 89  15.696  0.0000
## GROUP1      -0.503    0.6206  0  -0.811     NaN
## GROUP2      -2.538    1.7401 89  -1.459  0.1482
## wave         0.074    0.2383 59   0.312  0.7564
## GROUP1:wave  0.522    0.3574 59   1.460  0.1497
## GROUP2:wave  1.786    1.0110 59   1.766  0.0825
##  Correlation: 
##             (Intr) GROUP1 GROUP2 wave   GROUP1:
## GROUP1      -0.684                             
## GROUP2      -0.245  0.167                      
## wave        -0.787  0.540  0.193               
## GROUP1:wave  0.535 -0.806 -0.131 -0.661        
## GROUP2:wave  0.186 -0.127 -0.786 -0.236  0.156 
## 
## Standardized Within-Group Residuals:
##      Min       Q1      Med       Q3      Max 
## -2.65539 -0.31343  0.07236  0.37791  2.15309 
## 
## Number of Observations: 155
## Number of Groups: 
##                      ID           GROUP %in% ID wave %in% GROUP %in% ID 
##                      91                      92                     154