Repeated Measures for HAPPI

# Loading the dataset that has been reset into a long version
load("/Users/levibrackman/data.test.RData")
# Creating a new variable that is the mean of all positive purpose HAPPI
# questions
data.test$HAPPI <- apply(data.test[, c("HAPPI1", "HAPPI2", "HAPPI3")], 1, mean, 
    na.rm = TRUE)

For lme to work GROUP and ID need to be seen as factors

data.test$GROUP <- as.factor(data.test$GROUP)
data.test$ID <- as.factor(data.test$ID)
# Load the psych package
library(psych)

Describe the HAPPI variable by the GROUP variable

describeBy(data.test$HAPPI, group = data.test$GROUP)
## group: 0
##   vars  n mean   sd median trimmed  mad min max range  skew kurtosis   se
## 1    1 80 5.11 1.24   5.33    5.27 0.99   2   7     5 -0.98     0.26 0.14
## -------------------------------------------------------- 
## group: 1
##   vars  n mean   sd median trimmed  mad  min max range  skew kurtosis   se
## 1    1 70 5.21 1.15   5.33    5.27 0.99 1.67   7  5.33 -0.52    -0.15 0.14
## -------------------------------------------------------- 
## group: 2
##   vars n mean   sd median trimmed  mad  min max range skew kurtosis   se
## 1    1 5 4.87 2.06      4    4.87 2.47 2.33   7  4.67 0.04    -2.08 0.92

Create a plot that visualizes HAPPI variable by the GROUP variable

library(ggplot2)
## 
## Attaching package: 'ggplot2'
## 
## The following object is masked from 'package:psych':
## 
##     %+%
qplot(GROUP, HAPPI, data = data.test, geom = "boxplot")

plot of chunk unnamed-chunk-4


# Load the nlme package
library(nlme)

Two way repeated measures


with(data.test, boxplot(HAPPI ~ wave + GROUP))

plot of chunk unnamed-chunk-5

Graphing the Two-Way Interaction.

# Load the nlme package
library(nlme)

I am not sure if I am doing this right

baseline <- lme(HAPPI ~ 1, random = ~1 | ID/GROUP/wave, data = data.test, method = "ML")

HAPPIModel <- lme(HAPPI ~ GROUP, random = ~1 | ID/GROUP/wave, data = data.test, 
    method = "ML")

HAPPI2Model <- lme(HAPPI ~ GROUP + wave, random = ~1 | ID/GROUP/wave, data = data.test, 
    method = "ML")

fullModel <- lme(HAPPI ~ GROUP * wave, random = ~1 | ID/GROUP/wave, data = data.test, 
    method = "ML")

We again the significance of our models by comparing them from the baseline model using the anova() function.


anova(baseline, HAPPIModel, HAPPI2Model, fullModel)
##             Model df   AIC   BIC logLik   Test L.Ratio p-value
## baseline        1  5 456.9 472.1 -223.4                       
## HAPPIModel      2  7 460.6 481.9 -223.3 1 vs 2   0.229  0.8916
## HAPPI2Model     3  8 451.3 475.6 -217.6 2 vs 3  11.373  0.0007
## fullModel       4 10 448.6 479.1 -214.3 3 vs 4   6.649  0.0360
summary(fullModel)
## Warning: NaNs produced
## Linear mixed-effects model fit by maximum likelihood
##  Data: data.test 
##     AIC   BIC logLik
##   448.6 479.1 -214.3
## 
## Random effects:
##  Formula: ~1 | ID
##         (Intercept)
## StdDev:       1.088
## 
##  Formula: ~1 | GROUP %in% ID
##         (Intercept)
## StdDev:   0.0003755
## 
##  Formula: ~1 | wave %in% GROUP %in% ID
##         (Intercept) Residual
## StdDev:   2.104e-07    0.523
## 
## Fixed effects: HAPPI ~ GROUP * wave 
##              Value Std.Error DF t-value p-value
## (Intercept)  4.917    0.2476 89  19.862  0.0000
## GROUP1      -0.608    0.3590  0  -1.693     NaN
## GROUP2      -1.348    1.0157 89  -1.327  0.1880
## wave         0.114    0.1271 59   0.898  0.3730
## GROUP1:wave  0.451    0.1910 59   2.364  0.0214
## GROUP2:wave  0.761    0.5401 59   1.409  0.1641
##  Correlation: 
##             (Intr) GROUP1 GROUP2 wave   GROUP1:
## GROUP1      -0.681                             
## GROUP2      -0.244  0.166                      
## wave        -0.722  0.501  0.176               
## GROUP1:wave  0.497 -0.755 -0.121 -0.660        
## GROUP2:wave  0.170 -0.118 -0.717 -0.235  0.155 
## 
## Standardized Within-Group Residuals:
##       Min        Q1       Med        Q3       Max 
## -3.007665 -0.412157  0.004083  0.423363  2.284870 
## 
## Number of Observations: 155
## Number of Groups: 
##                      ID           GROUP %in% ID wave %in% GROUP %in% ID 
##                      91                      92                     154