This is an R Markdown document. Markdown is a simple formatting syntax for authoring HTML, PDF, and MS Word documents. For more details on using R Markdown see http://rmarkdown.rstudio.com.
When you click the Knit button a document will be generated that includes both content as well as the output of any embedded R code chunks within the document. You can embed an R code chunk like this:
This week assignment is to illustrate data manipulation.
flags <- read.csv("http://archive.ics.uci.edu/ml/machine-learning-databases/flags/flag.data", header = FALSE)names(flags) <- c("name", "landmass", "zone", "area", "population", "language", "religion", "bars", "stripes", "colours",
"red", "green", "blue", "gold", "black", "white", "orange", "mainhue", "circles", "crosses", "saltires",
"quarter", "sunstars", "crescent", "triangle", "icon", "animate", "text", "topleft", "botright")we will now show the first few rows of the data set
head(flags) ## name landmass zone area population language religion bars
## 1 Afghanistan 5 1 648 16 10 2 0
## 2 Albania 3 1 29 3 6 6 0
## 3 Algeria 4 1 2388 20 8 2 2
## 4 American-Samoa 6 3 0 0 1 1 0
## 5 Andorra 3 1 0 0 6 0 3
## 6 Angola 4 2 1247 7 10 5 0
## stripes colours red green blue gold black white orange mainhue circles
## 1 3 5 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 green 0
## 2 0 3 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 red 0
## 3 0 3 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 green 0
## 4 0 5 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 blue 0
## 5 0 3 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 gold 0
## 6 2 3 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 red 0
## crosses saltires quarter sunstars crescent triangle icon animate text
## 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0
## 2 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0
## 3 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0
## 4 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0
## 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 6 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0
## topleft botright
## 1 black green
## 2 red red
## 3 green white
## 4 blue red
## 5 blue red
## 6 red blackwe will only consider rows where landmass = N. America (1) or Europe (3)
myflags <- subset(flags, landmass == "1" | landmass == "3")We will only consider the columns name, landmass, and bars through text.
myflags_1 <- subset(myflags, select = name:landmass)
myflags_2 <- subset(myflags, select = bars:text)
myflags_new <- cbind(myflags_1, myflags_2)require(plyr)## Loading required package: plyrmyflags_new$landmass <- mapvalues(myflags_new$landmass,
from=c("1","3"),
to=c("N_America","Europe"))myflags_new## name landmass bars stripes colours red green blue
## 2 Albania Europe 0 0 3 1 0 0
## 5 Andorra Europe 3 0 3 1 0 1
## 7 Anguilla N_America 0 1 3 0 0 1
## 8 Antigua-Barbuda N_America 0 1 5 1 0 1
## 12 Austria Europe 0 3 2 1 0 0
## 13 Bahamas N_America 0 3 3 0 0 1
## 16 Barbados N_America 3 0 3 0 0 1
## 17 Belgium Europe 3 0 3 1 0 0
## 18 Belize N_America 0 2 8 1 1 1
## 20 Bermuda N_America 0 0 6 1 1 1
## 25 British-Virgin-Isles N_America 0 0 6 1 1 1
## 27 Bulgaria Europe 0 3 5 1 1 1
## 32 Canada N_America 2 0 2 1 0 0
## 34 Cayman-Islands N_America 0 0 6 1 1 1
## 43 Costa-Rica N_America 0 5 3 1 0 1
## 44 Cuba N_America 0 5 3 1 0 1
## 45 Cyprus Europe 0 0 3 0 1 0
## 46 Czechoslovakia Europe 0 0 3 1 0 1
## 47 Denmark Europe 0 0 2 1 0 0
## 49 Dominica N_America 0 0 6 1 1 1
## 50 Dominican-Republic N_America 0 0 3 1 0 1
## 53 El-Salvador N_America 0 3 2 0 0 1
## 56 Faeroes Europe 0 0 3 1 0 1
## 59 Finland Europe 0 0 2 0 0 1
## 60 France Europe 3 0 3 1 0 1
## 65 Germany-DDR Europe 0 3 3 1 0 0
## 66 Germany-FRG Europe 0 3 3 1 0 0
## 68 Gibraltar Europe 0 1 3 1 0 0
## 69 Greece Europe 0 9 2 0 0 1
## 70 Greenland N_America 0 0 2 1 0 0
## 71 Grenada N_America 0 0 3 1 1 0
## 73 Guatemala N_America 3 0 2 0 0 1
## 77 Haiti N_America 2 0 2 1 0 0
## 78 Honduras N_America 0 3 2 0 0 1
## 80 Hungary Europe 0 3 3 1 1 0
## 81 Iceland Europe 0 0 3 1 0 1
## 86 Ireland Europe 3 0 3 0 1 0
## 88 Italy Europe 3 0 3 1 1 0
## 90 Jamaica N_America 0 0 3 0 1 0
## 102 Liechtenstein Europe 0 2 3 1 0 1
## 103 Luxembourg Europe 0 3 3 1 0 1
## 109 Malta Europe 2 0 3 1 0 0
## 113 Mexico N_America 3 0 4 1 1 0
## 115 Monaco Europe 0 2 2 1 0 0
## 117 Montserrat N_America 0 0 7 1 1 1
## 122 Netherlands Europe 0 3 3 1 0 1
## 123 Netherlands-Antilles N_America 0 1 3 1 0 1
## 125 Nicaragua N_America 0 3 2 0 0 1
## 131 Norway Europe 0 0 3 1 0 1
## 139 Poland Europe 0 2 2 1 0 0
## 140 Portugal Europe 0 0 5 1 1 1
## 141 Puerto-Rico N_America 0 5 3 1 0 1
## 143 Romania Europe 3 0 7 1 1 1
## 145 San-Marino Europe 0 2 2 0 0 1
## 157 Spain Europe 0 3 2 1 0 0
## 160 St-Kitts-Nevis N_America 0 0 5 1 1 0
## 161 St-Lucia N_America 0 0 4 0 0 1
## 162 St-Vincent N_America 5 0 4 0 1 1
## 166 Sweden Europe 0 0 2 0 0 1
## 167 Switzerland Europe 0 0 2 1 0 0
## 177 Turks-Cocos-Islands N_America 0 0 6 1 1 1
## 181 UK Europe 0 0 3 1 0 1
## 183 US-Virgin-Isles N_America 0 0 6 1 1 1
## 184 USA N_America 0 13 3 1 0 1
## 187 Vatican-City Europe 2 0 4 1 0 0
## 191 Yugoslavia Europe 0 3 4 1 0 1
## gold black white orange mainhue circles crosses saltires quarter
## 2 1 0 1 0 red 0 0 0 0
## 5 1 0 0 0 gold 0 0 0 0
## 7 0 1 0 1 white 0 0 0 0
## 8 1 1 1 0 red 0 0 0 0
## 12 0 1 0 0 red 0 0 0 0
## 13 1 0 1 0 blue 0 0 0 0
## 16 1 0 1 0 blue 0 0 0 0
## 17 1 0 1 0 gold 0 0 0 0
## 18 1 1 1 1 blue 1 0 0 0
## 20 1 1 1 0 red 1 1 1 1
## 25 1 1 0 1 blue 0 1 1 1
## 27 1 1 0 0 red 0 0 0 0
## 32 0 1 0 0 red 0 0 0 0
## 34 1 1 0 1 blue 1 1 1 1
## 43 0 1 0 0 blue 0 0 0 0
## 44 0 1 0 0 blue 0 0 0 0
## 45 1 1 0 0 white 0 0 0 0
## 46 0 1 0 0 white 0 0 0 0
## 47 0 1 0 0 red 0 1 0 0
## 49 1 1 1 0 green 1 0 0 0
## 50 0 1 0 0 blue 0 1 0 0
## 53 0 1 0 0 blue 0 0 0 0
## 56 0 1 0 0 white 0 1 0 0
## 59 0 1 0 0 white 0 1 0 0
## 60 0 1 0 0 white 0 0 0 0
## 65 1 0 1 0 gold 0 0 0 0
## 66 1 0 1 0 black 0 0 0 0
## 68 1 1 0 0 white 0 0 0 0
## 69 0 1 0 0 blue 0 1 0 1
## 70 0 1 0 0 white 1 0 0 0
## 71 1 0 0 0 gold 1 0 0 0
## 73 0 1 0 0 blue 0 0 0 0
## 77 0 0 1 0 black 0 0 0 0
## 78 0 1 0 0 blue 0 0 0 0
## 80 0 1 0 0 red 0 0 0 0
## 81 0 1 0 0 blue 0 1 0 0
## 86 0 1 0 1 white 0 0 0 0
## 88 0 1 0 0 white 0 0 0 0
## 90 1 0 1 0 green 0 0 1 0
## 102 1 0 0 0 red 0 0 0 0
## 103 0 1 0 0 red 0 0 0 0
## 109 0 1 1 0 red 0 1 0 0
## 113 0 1 0 1 green 0 0 0 0
## 115 0 1 0 0 red 0 0 0 0
## 117 1 1 1 0 blue 0 2 1 1
## 122 0 1 0 0 red 0 0 0 0
## 123 0 1 0 0 white 0 0 0 0
## 125 0 1 0 0 blue 0 0 0 0
## 131 0 1 0 0 red 0 1 0 0
## 139 0 1 0 0 white 0 0 0 0
## 140 1 1 0 0 red 1 0 0 0
## 141 0 1 0 0 red 0 0 0 0
## 143 1 1 0 1 red 0 0 0 0
## 145 0 1 0 0 white 0 0 0 0
## 157 1 0 0 0 red 0 0 0 0
## 160 1 1 1 0 green 0 0 0 0
## 161 1 1 1 0 blue 0 0 0 0
## 162 1 1 0 0 green 0 0 0 0
## 166 1 0 0 0 blue 0 1 0 0
## 167 0 1 0 0 red 0 1 0 0
## 177 1 1 0 1 blue 0 1 1 1
## 181 0 1 0 0 red 0 1 1 0
## 183 1 1 0 0 white 0 0 0 0
## 184 0 1 0 0 white 0 0 0 1
## 187 1 1 1 0 gold 0 0 0 0
## 191 1 1 0 0 red 0 0 0 0
## sunstars crescent triangle icon animate text
## 2 1 0 0 0 1 0
## 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 7 0 0 0 0 1 0
## 8 1 0 1 0 0 0
## 12 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 13 0 0 1 0 0 0
## 16 0 0 0 1 0 0
## 17 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 18 0 0 0 1 1 1
## 20 0 0 0 1 1 0
## 25 0 0 0 1 1 1
## 27 1 0 0 1 1 0
## 32 0 0 0 0 1 0
## 34 4 0 0 1 1 1
## 43 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 44 1 0 1 0 0 0
## 45 0 0 0 1 1 0
## 46 0 0 1 0 0 0
## 47 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 49 10 0 0 0 1 0
## 50 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 53 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 56 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 59 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 60 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 65 0 0 0 1 0 0
## 66 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 68 0 0 0 1 0 0
## 69 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 70 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 71 7 0 1 0 1 0
## 73 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 77 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 78 5 0 0 0 0 0
## 80 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 81 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 86 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 88 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 90 0 0 1 0 0 0
## 102 0 0 0 1 0 0
## 103 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 109 0 0 0 1 0 0
## 113 0 0 0 0 1 0
## 115 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 117 0 0 0 1 1 0
## 122 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 123 6 0 0 0 0 0
## 125 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 131 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 139 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 140 0 0 0 1 0 0
## 141 1 0 1 0 0 0
## 143 2 0 0 1 1 1
## 145 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 157 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 160 2 0 1 0 0 0
## 161 0 0 1 0 0 0
## 162 0 0 0 1 1 1
## 166 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 167 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 177 0 0 0 1 1 0
## 181 0 0 0 0 0 0
## 183 0 0 0 1 1 1
## 184 50 0 0 0 0 0
## 187 0 0 0 1 0 0
## 191 1 0 0 0 0 0