Kapitel 5

Axel Duvebäck & David Sivén

require(mosaic)

5.01

a) 66.5 to 67.0 inches.

galton = fetchData("Galton")
## Data Galton found in package.
trials = do(500) * mean(height, data = resample(galton))
## Loading required package: parallel
confint(trials)
##     name lower upper level method estimate margin.of.error
## 1 result 66.53 66.99  0.95 stderr    66.76          0.2267

b) De blir olika eftersom coverage interval handlar om alla cases och confidence interval i detta fall handlar om medelvärdet av alla cases.

c) 66.1 to 67.0 inches.

trials1 = do(500) * median(height, data = resample(galton))
confint(trials1)
##     name lower upper level method estimate margin.of.error
## 1 result 66.06 67.21  0.95 stderr    66.63          0.5744

5.02

a) 69.0 to 69.5 inches

trials = do(1000) * mean(height ~ sex, data = resample(galton))
qdata(c(0.025, 0.975), M, data = trials)
##       quantile     p
## 2.5%     69.00 0.025
## 97.5%    69.47 0.975

b) Nej.

trials = do(1000) * mean(height ~ sex, data = resample(galton))
qdata(c(0.025, 0.975), F, data = trials)
##       quantile     p
## 2.5%     63.90 0.025
## 97.5%    64.33 0.975

c) Det finns overlap mellan män och kvinnors individuella längder. The CIs on the means are much narrower than the distribution of individual heights.

bwplot(height ~ sex, data = galton)

plot of chunk unnamed-chunk-6

5.03

a) Barely overlap.

feet = fetchData("KidsFeet")
## Data KidsFeet found in package.
mod = mm(width ~ sex, data = feet)
confint(mod)
##   group 2.5 % 97.5 %
## 1     B 8.976  9.404
## 2     G 8.565  9.004

b) None overlap.

cps = fetchData("CPS85")
## Data CPS85 found in package.
mod1 = mm(wage ~ sex, data = CPS85)
confint(mod1)
##   group 2.5 % 97.5 %
## 1     F 7.247  8.511
## 2     M 9.413 10.577

c) Much overlap.

mod3 = mm(wage ~ married, data = CPS85)
confint(mod3)
##     group 2.5 % 97.5 %
## 1 Married 8.861  9.936
## 2  Single 7.571  9.053

d) Much overlap.

mod4 = mm(wage ~ sector, data = CPS85)
confint(mod4)
##      group  2.5 % 97.5 %
## 1 clerical  6.490  8.355
## 2    const  7.448 11.556
## 3    manag 11.465 13.943
## 4    manuf  6.922  9.150
## 5    other  7.386  9.615
## 6     prof 11.051 12.844
## 7    sales  6.102  9.083
## 8  service  5.529  7.546

5.12

Range of the data = Graph C Standard deviation of the data = B Standard error of mean = A 95% confidence interval on the mean = D

5.17

  1. 0.24
sd(do(500) * with(median(length), data = resample(KidsFeet)))
## [1] 0.2374
  1. 0.14
sd(do(500) * with(sd(length), data = resample(KidsFeet)))
## [1] 0.1392
  1. 0.34
samps = do(500) * qdata(0.75, length, data = resample(KidsFeet))
sd(samps$quantile)
## [1] 0.3535

5.31

Svar: D