# Question 11: USGS Earthquake API
# Earthquakes of magnitude 5 or higher in October 2025
url <- "https://earthquake.usgs.gov/fdsnws/event/1/query?format=csv&starttime=2025-10-01&endtime=2025-10-31T23:59:59.999&minmagnitude=5&eventtype=earthquake"
# Read the data from the API
earthquakes <- read.csv(url)
# Show the first six rows
head(earthquakes)
## time latitude longitude depth mag magType nst gap
## 1 2025-10-31T21:27:48.004Z 7.0627 127.1014 10.000 5.1 mb 63 51
## 2 2025-10-31T21:21:08.242Z 6.1102 127.2399 35.000 5.0 mb 55 51
## 3 2025-10-31T20:53:24.349Z -45.2902 96.8417 8.000 5.9 mww 288 27
## 4 2025-10-31T19:30:18.479Z -59.5973 -26.3589 109.830 5.2 mb 168 26
## 5 2025-10-31T17:56:41.556Z -23.4330 179.9604 529.356 5.4 mww 261 17
## 6 2025-10-30T17:33:14.566Z 59.6308 -150.2328 23.600 5.4 ml NA NA
## dmin rms net id updated
## 1 1.511 1.22 us us6000rkup 2026-01-27T17:59:04.040Z
## 2 1.905 1.43 us us6000rkum 2026-01-27T17:59:03.040Z
## 3 18.465 0.55 us us6000rktg 2026-01-27T17:59:03.040Z
## 4 7.679 0.56 us us6000rksu 2026-01-27T17:59:03.040Z
## 5 5.934 0.68 us us6000rkpc 2026-01-27T17:59:03.040Z
## 6 NA 0.79 ak ak025dxe5mlz 2026-10-30T17:43:27.505Z
## place type horizontalError depthError
## 1 63 km ESE of Santiago, Philippines earthquake 6.53 1.792
## 2 120 km ESE of Pondaguitan, Philippines earthquake 6.49 1.876
## 3 southeast Indian Ridge earthquake 9.41 1.682
## 4 South Sandwich Islands region earthquake 10.88 4.464
## 5 south of the Fiji Islands earthquake 10.66 5.082
## 6 48 km ESE of Fox River, Alaska earthquake NA 0.300
## magError magNst status locationSource magSource
## 1 0.046 153 reviewed us us
## 2 0.060 89 reviewed us us
## 3 0.054 33 reviewed us us
## 4 0.050 132 reviewed us us
## 5 0.110 8 reviewed us us
## 6 NA NA reviewed ak ak
# Count the number of earthquakes
nrow(earthquakes)
## [1] 178
# Summarize the magnitudes
summary(earthquakes$mag)
## Min. 1st Qu. Median Mean 3rd Qu. Max.
## 5.000 5.100 5.200 5.351 5.500 7.600
# Plot the earthquake magnitudes
plot(earthquakes$mag,
main = "Earthquake Magnitudes",
xlab = "Earthquake Number",
ylab = "Magnitude")
