This document constructs a relative household wealth index from household asset and livestock ownership indicators using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). It then classifies households into five relative wealth groups, checks the distribution, summarises the PCA loadings, and exports the results and district breakdowns to Excel.
Important assumptions to verify before running the analysis
1 = owns/present and
0 = does not own/not present. If the questionnaire uses
different codes, update the recoding section below.Install packages once, manually in the R console if needed. Avoid
running install.packages() every time the R Markdown
document is knitted.
# Install any missing packages once by uncommenting the relevant line:
# install.packages(c("tidyverse", "readxl", "janitor", "openxlsx"))
# Load packages used in this analysis.
library(tidyverse) # Data management, summaries, and reshaping
library(readxl) # Import Excel workbooks
library(janitor) # Standardise variable names
library(openxlsx) # Export tables and results to ExcelSetting the working directory to the folder containing the source Excel workbook.
# Set the folder containing the input workbook and where the output will be saved.
project_dir <- paste0(
"C:/Users/user/Documents/PERSON/DATECH RESEARCH CONSULTANCY/",
"Eastern_Backbone"
)
setwd(project_dir)
# Import the survey data and standardise column names to lowercase snake_case.
# Using sheet = 1 avoids relying on a potentially truncated worksheet name.
input_file <- "Eastern_Backbone_Socioeconomic_Survey.xlsx"
eastbackbone_se_wealth_rank <- read_excel(
path = input_file,
sheet = 1
) %>%
clean_names()## Warning: Expecting logical in HT1217 / R1217C228: got 'Exchange with Maize'## Warning: Expecting logical in AE1362 / R1362C31: got 'Gule wa mkulu'## Warning: Expecting logical in LC1516 / R1516C315: got 'Military hospital'## Warning: Expecting logical in LC1517 / R1517C315: got 'Military hospital'## Warning: Expecting logical in LC1518 / R1518C315: got 'Military hospital'## Warning: Expecting logical in LC1519 / R1519C315: got 'Military hospital'## Warning: Expecting logical in LC1520 / R1520C315: got 'Military hospital'## Warning: Expecting logical in LC1521 / R1521C315: got 'Military hospital'## Warning: Expecting logical in LC1522 / R1522C315: got 'Military hospital'## New names:
## • `other specify` -> `other specify...6`
## • `other specify` -> `other specify...16`
## • `Other, specify` -> `Other, specify...21`
## • `other specify` -> `other specify...31`
## • `Highest education attained by household head:` -> `Highest education
## attained by household head:...42`
## • `other specify` -> `other specify...43`
## • `other specify` -> `other specify...45`
## • `Other, specify` -> `Other, specify...67`
## • `Other specify` -> `Other specify...69`
## • `Other, specify` -> `Other, specify...72`
## • `What is the financial situation of the family? Prompt the answers` -> `What
## is the financial situation of the family? Prompt the answers...74`
## • `Others specify` -> `Others specify...75`
## • `How did the financial status of your family change in the last year?` ->
## `How did the financial status of your family change in the last year?...76`
## • `Others specify` -> `Others specify...77`
## • `Crops` -> `Crops...83`
## • `Forestry Income (wood, herbs, trees, nuts, etc)` -> `Forestry Income (wood,
## herbs, trees, nuts, etc)...85`
## • `Others specify` -> `Others specify...86`
## • `Other, Specify` -> `Other, Specify...96`
## • `other specify` -> `other specify...104`
## • `D1. How many of the (items) does the household own? ENTER NUMBER` -> `D1.
## How many of the (items) does the household own? ENTER NUMBER...140`
## • `D2. When did you acquire the newest (item)?` -> `D2. When did you acquire
## the newest (item)?...141`
## • `D3. How did you acquire the (item)?` -> `D3. How did you acquire the
## (item)?...142`
## • `other (specify)` -> `other (specify)...143`
## • `D4. Value of item (if you bought it, how much money did you spend on it? Or
## If you had wanted to sell the item how much would you be able to sell it for
## when you received it?` -> `D4. Value of item (if you bought it, how much
## money did you spend on it? Or If you had wanted to sell the item how much
## would you be able to sell it for when you received it?...144`
## • `D1. How many of the (items) does the household own? ENTER NUMBER` -> `D1.
## How many of the (items) does the household own? ENTER NUMBER...145`
## • `D2. When did you acquire the newest (item)?` -> `D2. When did you acquire
## the newest (item)?...146`
## • `D3. How did you acquire the (item)?` -> `D3. How did you acquire the
## (item)?...147`
## • `other (specify)` -> `other (specify)...148`
## • `D4. Value of item (if you bought it, how much money did you spend on it? Or
## If you had wanted to sell the item how much would you be able to sell it for
## when you received it?` -> `D4. Value of item (if you bought it, how much
## money did you spend on it? Or If you had wanted to sell the item how much
## would you be able to sell it for when you received it?...149`
## • `D1. How many of the (items) does the household own? ENTER NUMBER` -> `D1.
## How many of the (items) does the household own? ENTER NUMBER...150`
## • `D2. When did you acquire the newest (item)?` -> `D2. When did you acquire
## the newest (item)?...151`
## • `D3. How did you acquire the (item)?` -> `D3. How did you acquire the
## (item)?...152`
## • `other (specify)` -> `other (specify)...153`
## • `D4. Value of item (if you bought it, how much money did you spend on it? Or
## If you had wanted to sell the item how much would you be able to sell it for
## when you received it?` -> `D4. Value of item (if you bought it, how much
## money did you spend on it? Or If you had wanted to sell the item how much
## would you be able to sell it for when you received it?...154`
## • `D1. How many of the (items) does the household own? ENTER NUMBER` -> `D1.
## How many of the (items) does the household own? ENTER NUMBER...155`
## • `D2. When did you acquire the newest (item)?` -> `D2. When did you acquire
## the newest (item)?...156`
## • `D3. How did you acquire the (item)?` -> `D3. How did you acquire the
## (item)?...157`
## • `other (specify)` -> `other (specify)...158`
## • `D4. Value of item (if you bought it, how much money did you spend on it? Or
## If you had wanted to sell the item how much would you be able to sell it for
## when you received it?` -> `D4. Value of item (if you bought it, how much
## money did you spend on it? Or If you had wanted to sell the item how much
## would you be able to sell it for when you received it?...159`
## • `D1. How many of the (items) does the household own? ENTER NUMBER` -> `D1.
## How many of the (items) does the household own? ENTER NUMBER...160`
## • `D2. When did you acquire the newest (item)?` -> `D2. When did you acquire
## the newest (item)?...161`
## • `D3. How did you acquire the (item)?` -> `D3. How did you acquire the
## (item)?...162`
## • `other (specify)` -> `other (specify)...163`
## • `D4. Value of item (if you bought it, how much money did you spend on it? Or
## If you had wanted to sell the item how much would you be able to sell it for
## when you received it?` -> `D4. Value of item (if you bought it, how much
## money did you spend on it? Or If you had wanted to sell the item how much
## would you be able to sell it for when you received it?...164`
## • `D1. How many of the (items) does the household own? ENTER NUMBER` -> `D1.
## How many of the (items) does the household own? ENTER NUMBER...165`
## • `D2. When did you acquire the newest (item)?` -> `D2. When did you acquire
## the newest (item)?...166`
## • `D3. How did you acquire the (item)?` -> `D3. How did you acquire the
## (item)?...167`
## • `other (specify)` -> `other (specify)...168`
## • `D4. Value of item (if you bought it, how much money did you spend on it? Or
## If you had wanted to sell the item how much would you be able to sell it for
## when you received it?` -> `D4. Value of item (if you bought it, how much
## money did you spend on it? Or If you had wanted to sell the item how much
## would you be able to sell it for when you received it?...169`
## • `D1. How many of the (items) does the household own? ENTER NUMBER` -> `D1.
## How many of the (items) does the household own? ENTER NUMBER...170`
## • `D2. When did you acquire the newest (item)?` -> `D2. When did you acquire
## the newest (item)?...171`
## • `D3. How did you acquire the (item)?` -> `D3. How did you acquire the
## (item)?...172`
## • `other (specify)` -> `other (specify)...173`
## • `D4. Value of item (if you bought it, how much money did you spend on it? Or
## If you had wanted to sell the item how much would you be able to sell it for
## when you received it?` -> `D4. Value of item (if you bought it, how much
## money did you spend on it? Or If you had wanted to sell the item how much
## would you be able to sell it for when you received it?...174`
## • `D1. How many of the (items) does the household own? ENTER NUMBER` -> `D1.
## How many of the (items) does the household own? ENTER NUMBER...175`
## • `D2. When did you acquire the newest (item)?` -> `D2. When did you acquire
## the newest (item)?...176`
## • `D3. How did you acquire the (item)?` -> `D3. How did you acquire the
## (item)?...177`
## • `other (specify)` -> `other (specify)...178`
## • `D4. Value of item (if you bought it, how much money did you spend on it? Or
## If you had wanted to sell the item how much would you be able to sell it for
## when you received it?` -> `D4. Value of item (if you bought it, how much
## money did you spend on it? Or If you had wanted to sell the item how much
## would you be able to sell it for when you received it?...179`
## • `D1. How many of the (items) does the household own? ENTER NUMBER` -> `D1.
## How many of the (items) does the household own? ENTER NUMBER...180`
## • `D2. When did you acquire the newest (item)?` -> `D2. When did you acquire
## the newest (item)?...181`
## • `D3. How did you acquire the (item)?` -> `D3. How did you acquire the
## (item)?...182`
## • `other (specify)` -> `other (specify)...183`
## • `D4. Value of item (if you bought it, how much money did you spend on it? Or
## If you had wanted to sell the item how much would you be able to sell it for
## when you received it?` -> `D4. Value of item (if you bought it, how much
## money did you spend on it? Or If you had wanted to sell the item how much
## would you be able to sell it for when you received it?...184`
## • `D1. How many of the (items) does the household own? ENTER NUMBER` -> `D1.
## How many of the (items) does the household own? ENTER NUMBER...185`
## • `D2. When did you acquire the newest (item)?` -> `D2. When did you acquire
## the newest (item)?...186`
## • `D3. How did you acquire the (item)?` -> `D3. How did you acquire the
## (item)?...187`
## • `other (specify)` -> `other (specify)...188`
## • `D4. Value of item (if you bought it, how much money did you spend on it? Or
## If you had wanted to sell the item how much would you be able to sell it for
## when you received it?` -> `D4. Value of item (if you bought it, how much
## money did you spend on it? Or If you had wanted to sell the item how much
## would you be able to sell it for when you received it?...189`
## • `D1. How many of the (items) does the household own? ENTER NUMBER` -> `D1.
## How many of the (items) does the household own? ENTER NUMBER...190`
## • `D2. When did you acquire the newest (item)?` -> `D2. When did you acquire
## the newest (item)?...191`
## • `D3. How did you acquire the (item)?` -> `D3. How did you acquire the
## (item)?...192`
## • `other (specify)` -> `other (specify)...193`
## • `D4. Value of item (if you bought it, how much money did you spend on it? Or
## If you had wanted to sell the item how much would you be able to sell it for
## when you received it?` -> `D4. Value of item (if you bought it, how much
## money did you spend on it? Or If you had wanted to sell the item how much
## would you be able to sell it for when you received it?...194`
## • `D1. How many of the (items) does the household own? ENTER NUMBER` -> `D1.
## How many of the (items) does the household own? ENTER NUMBER...195`
## • `D2. When did you acquire the newest (item)?` -> `D2. When did you acquire
## the newest (item)?...196`
## • `D3. How did you acquire the (item)?` -> `D3. How did you acquire the
## (item)?...197`
## • `other (specify)` -> `other (specify)...198`
## • `D4. Value of item (if you bought it, how much money did you spend on it? Or
## If you had wanted to sell the item how much would you be able to sell it for
## when you received it?` -> `D4. Value of item (if you bought it, how much
## money did you spend on it? Or If you had wanted to sell the item how much
## would you be able to sell it for when you received it?...199`
## • `D1. How many of the (items) does the household own? ENTER NUMBER` -> `D1.
## How many of the (items) does the household own? ENTER NUMBER...200`
## • `D2. When did you acquire the newest (item)?` -> `D2. When did you acquire
## the newest (item)?...201`
## • `D3. How did you acquire the (item)?` -> `D3. How did you acquire the
## (item)?...202`
## • `other (specify)` -> `other (specify)...203`
## • `D4. Value of item (if you bought it, how much money did you spend on it? Or
## If you had wanted to sell the item how much would you be able to sell it for
## when you received it?` -> `D4. Value of item (if you bought it, how much
## money did you spend on it? Or If you had wanted to sell the item how much
## would you be able to sell it for when you received it?...204`
## • `D1. How many of the (items) does the household own? ENTER NUMBER` -> `D1.
## How many of the (items) does the household own? ENTER NUMBER...205`
## • `D2. When did you acquire the newest (item)?` -> `D2. When did you acquire
## the newest (item)?...206`
## • `D3. How did you acquire the (item)?` -> `D3. How did you acquire the
## (item)?...207`
## • `other (specify)` -> `other (specify)...208`
## • `D4. Value of item (if you bought it, how much money did you spend on it? Or
## If you had wanted to sell the item how much would you be able to sell it for
## when you received it?` -> `D4. Value of item (if you bought it, how much
## money did you spend on it? Or If you had wanted to sell the item how much
## would you be able to sell it for when you received it?...209`
## • `D1. How many of the (items) does the household own? ENTER NUMBER` -> `D1.
## How many of the (items) does the household own? ENTER NUMBER...210`
## • `D2. When did you acquire the newest (item)?` -> `D2. When did you acquire
## the newest (item)?...211`
## • `D3. How did you acquire the (item)?` -> `D3. How did you acquire the
## (item)?...212`
## • `other (specify)` -> `other (specify)...213`
## • `D4. Value of item (if you bought it, how much money did you spend on it? Or
## If you had wanted to sell the item how much would you be able to sell it for
## when you received it?` -> `D4. Value of item (if you bought it, how much
## money did you spend on it? Or If you had wanted to sell the item how much
## would you be able to sell it for when you received it?...214`
## • `D1. How many of the (items) does the household own? ENTER NUMBER` -> `D1.
## How many of the (items) does the household own? ENTER NUMBER...215`
## • `D2. When did you acquire the newest (item)?` -> `D2. When did you acquire
## the newest (item)?...216`
## • `D3. How did you acquire the (item)?` -> `D3. How did you acquire the
## (item)?...217`
## • `other (specify)` -> `other (specify)...218`
## • `D4. Value of item (if you bought it, how much money did you spend on it? Or
## If you had wanted to sell the item how much would you be able to sell it for
## when you received it?` -> `D4. Value of item (if you bought it, how much
## money did you spend on it? Or If you had wanted to sell the item how much
## would you be able to sell it for when you received it?...219`
## • `D1. How many of the (items) does the household own? ENTER NUMBER` -> `D1.
## How many of the (items) does the household own? ENTER NUMBER...220`
## • `D2. When did you acquire the newest (item)?` -> `D2. When did you acquire
## the newest (item)?...221`
## • `D3. How did you acquire the (item)?` -> `D3. How did you acquire the
## (item)?...222`
## • `other (specify)` -> `other (specify)...223`
## • `D4. Value of item (if you bought it, how much money did you spend on it? Or
## If you had wanted to sell the item how much would you be able to sell it for
## when you received it?` -> `D4. Value of item (if you bought it, how much
## money did you spend on it? Or If you had wanted to sell the item how much
## would you be able to sell it for when you received it?...224`
## • `D1. How many of the (items) does the household own? ENTER NUMBER` -> `D1.
## How many of the (items) does the household own? ENTER NUMBER...225`
## • `D2. When did you acquire the newest (item)?` -> `D2. When did you acquire
## the newest (item)?...226`
## • `D3. How did you acquire the (item)?` -> `D3. How did you acquire the
## (item)?...227`
## • `other (specify)` -> `other (specify)...228`
## • `D4. Value of item (if you bought it, how much money did you spend on it? Or
## If you had wanted to sell the item how much would you be able to sell it for
## when you received it?` -> `D4. Value of item (if you bought it, how much
## money did you spend on it? Or If you had wanted to sell the item how much
## would you be able to sell it for when you received it?...229`
## • `D1. How many of the (items) does the household own? ENTER NUMBER` -> `D1.
## How many of the (items) does the household own? ENTER NUMBER...230`
## • `D2. When did you acquire the newest (item)?` -> `D2. When did you acquire
## the newest (item)?...231`
## • `D3. How did you acquire the (item)?` -> `D3. How did you acquire the
## (item)?...232`
## • `other (specify)` -> `other (specify)...233`
## • `D4. Value of item (if you bought it, how much money did you spend on it? Or
## If you had wanted to sell the item how much would you be able to sell it for
## when you received it?` -> `D4. Value of item (if you bought it, how much
## money did you spend on it? Or If you had wanted to sell the item how much
## would you be able to sell it for when you received it?...234`
## • `Other, Specify` -> `Other, Specify...260`
## • `Other, specify` -> `Other, specify...299`
## • `Other (specify)` -> `Other (specify)...308`
## • `other specify` -> `other specify...312`
## • `other specify` -> `other specify...315`
## • `Other land (Specify)` -> `Other land (Specify)...339`
## • `Other land (Specify)` -> `Other land (Specify)...345`
## • `Estimated Value` -> `Estimated Value...349`
## • `Estimated Value` -> `Estimated Value...351`
## • `Crops` -> `Crops...354`
## • `Other (specify)` -> `Other (specify)...360`
## • `Other (specify)` -> `Other (specify)...367`
## • `Other (specify)` -> `Other (specify)...369`
## • `Other (specify)` -> `Other (specify)...371`
## • `Other (specify)` -> `Other (specify)...373`
## • `other specify` -> `other specify...385`
## • `other specify` -> `other specify...392`
## • `other specify` -> `other specify...399`
## • `other specify` -> `other specify...410`
## • `Other, specify` -> `Other, specify...415`
## • `other specify` -> `other specify...425`
## • `other specify` -> `other specify...428`
## • `L2. Total loss/reduction of income due to the event in the last 12 months?
## (in MW) (POTENTIAL LOST/REDUCED INCOME, EXCLUDING THE MEDICAL EXPENSE,
## FUNERAL, REPAIR) Write “don’t know” if no knowledge` -> `L2. Total
## loss/reduction of income due to the event in the last 12 months? (in MW)
## (POTENTIAL LOST/REDUCED INCOME, EXCLUDING THE MEDICAL EXPENSE, FUNERAL,
## REPAIR) Write “don’t know” if no knowledge...429`
## • `other specify` -> `other specify...431`
## • `L2. Total loss/reduction of income due to the event in the last 12 months?
## (in MW) (POTENTIAL LOST/REDUCED INCOME, EXCLUDING THE MEDICAL EXPENSE,
## FUNERAL, REPAIR) Write “don’t know” if no knowledge` -> `L2. Total
## loss/reduction of income due to the event in the last 12 months? (in MW)
## (POTENTIAL LOST/REDUCED INCOME, EXCLUDING THE MEDICAL EXPENSE, FUNERAL,
## REPAIR) Write “don’t know” if no knowledge...432`
## • `other specify` -> `other specify...434`
## • `L2. Total loss/reduction of income due to the event in the last 12 months?
## (in MW) (POTENTIAL LOST/REDUCED INCOME, EXCLUDING THE MEDICAL EXPENSE,
## FUNERAL, REPAIR) Write “don’t know” if no knowledge` -> `L2. Total
## loss/reduction of income due to the event in the last 12 months? (in MW)
## (POTENTIAL LOST/REDUCED INCOME, EXCLUDING THE MEDICAL EXPENSE, FUNERAL,
## REPAIR) Write “don’t know” if no knowledge...435`
## • `other specify` -> `other specify...437`
## • `L2. Total loss/reduction of income due to the event in the last 12 months?
## (in MW) (POTENTIAL LOST/REDUCED INCOME, EXCLUDING THE MEDICAL EXPENSE,
## FUNERAL, REPAIR) Write “don’t know” if no knowledge` -> `L2. Total
## loss/reduction of income due to the event in the last 12 months? (in MW)
## (POTENTIAL LOST/REDUCED INCOME, EXCLUDING THE MEDICAL EXPENSE, FUNERAL,
## REPAIR) Write “don’t know” if no knowledge...438`
## • `other specify` -> `other specify...440`
## • `L2. Total loss/reduction of income due to the event in the last 12 months?
## (in MW) (POTENTIAL LOST/REDUCED INCOME, EXCLUDING THE MEDICAL EXPENSE,
## FUNERAL, REPAIR) Write “don’t know” if no knowledge` -> `L2. Total
## loss/reduction of income due to the event in the last 12 months? (in MW)
## (POTENTIAL LOST/REDUCED INCOME, EXCLUDING THE MEDICAL EXPENSE, FUNERAL,
## REPAIR) Write “don’t know” if no knowledge...441`
## • `other specify` -> `other specify...443`
## • `L2. Total loss/reduction of income due to the event in the last 12 months?
## (in MW) (POTENTIAL LOST/REDUCED INCOME, EXCLUDING THE MEDICAL EXPENSE,
## FUNERAL, REPAIR) Write “don’t know” if no knowledge` -> `L2. Total
## loss/reduction of income due to the event in the last 12 months? (in MW)
## (POTENTIAL LOST/REDUCED INCOME, EXCLUDING THE MEDICAL EXPENSE, FUNERAL,
## REPAIR) Write “don’t know” if no knowledge...444`
## • `Others` -> `Others...445`
## • `other specify` -> `other specify...446`
## • `Other (Specify)` -> `Other (Specify)...449`
## • `Other (Specify)` -> `Other (Specify)...451`
## • `Other (Specify)` -> `Other (Specify)...453`
## • `M6. Does the community have a maintenance/sustainability fund?` -> `M6. Does
## the community have a maintenance/sustainability fund?...459`
## • `Kilometres` -> `Kilometres...480`
## • `Minutes` -> `Minutes...481`
## • `Kilometres` -> `Kilometres...483`
## • `Minutes` -> `Minutes...484`
## • `Kilometres` -> `Kilometres...486`
## • `Minutes` -> `Minutes...487`
## • `Other specify` -> `Other specify...495`
## • `Other specify` -> `Other specify...497`
## • `Other (specify)` -> `Other (specify)...510`
## • `Other (specify)` -> `Other (specify)...518`
## • `Others specify` -> `Others specify...527`
## • `other specify` -> `other specify...550`
## • `Other (specify)` -> `Other (specify)...555`
## • `Other (specify)` -> `Other (specify)...557`
## • `Other, specify` -> `Other, specify...558`
## • `Other` -> `Other...560`
## • `Highest education attained by household head:` -> `Highest education
## attained by household head:...561`
## • `Other` -> `Other...562`
## • `other specify` -> `other specify...563`
## • `Condition of Vulnerability of the HHH` -> `Condition of Vulnerability of the
## HHH...564`
## • `Condition of Vulnerability of the HHH/Chronic Illness` -> `Condition of
## Vulnerability of the HHH/Chronic Illness...565`
## • `Condition of Vulnerability of the HHH/Hearing impairment` -> `Condition of
## Vulnerability of the HHH/Hearing impairment...566`
## • `Condition of Vulnerability of the HHH/Mental disorder` -> `Condition of
## Vulnerability of the HHH/Mental disorder...567`
## • `Condition of Vulnerability of the HHH/Marriage issues - Polygamy` ->
## `Condition of Vulnerability of the HHH/Marriage issues - Polygamy...568`
## • `Condition of Vulnerability of the HHH/Physical disabled` -> `Condition of
## Vulnerability of the HHH/Physical disabled...569`
## • `Condition of Vulnerability of the HHH/Registered under government
## assistance` -> `Condition of Vulnerability of the HHH/Registered under
## government assistance...570`
## • `Condition of Vulnerability of the HHH/None` -> `Condition of Vulnerability
## of the HHH/None...571`
## • `Condition of Vulnerability of the HHH` -> `Condition of Vulnerability of the
## HHH...572`
## • `Condition of Vulnerability of the HHH/Chronic Illness` -> `Condition of
## Vulnerability of the HHH/Chronic Illness...573`
## • `Condition of Vulnerability of the HHH/Hearing impairment` -> `Condition of
## Vulnerability of the HHH/Hearing impairment...574`
## • `Condition of Vulnerability of the HHH/Mental disorder` -> `Condition of
## Vulnerability of the HHH/Mental disorder...575`
## • `Condition of Vulnerability of the HHH/Marriage issues - Polygamy` ->
## `Condition of Vulnerability of the HHH/Marriage issues - Polygamy...576`
## • `Condition of Vulnerability of the HHH/Physical disabled` -> `Condition of
## Vulnerability of the HHH/Physical disabled...577`
## • `Condition of Vulnerability of the HHH/Registered under government
## assistance` -> `Condition of Vulnerability of the HHH/Registered under
## government assistance...578`
## • `Condition of Vulnerability of the HHH/None` -> `Condition of Vulnerability
## of the HHH/None...579`
## • `Other (specify)` -> `Other (specify)...580`
## • `Other (specify)` -> `Other (specify)...581`
## • `Other, specify` -> `Other, specify...582`
## • `Other specify` -> `Other specify...583`
## • `Other specify` -> `Other specify...584`
## • `Other, specify` -> `Other, specify...585`
## • `Other, specify` -> `Other, specify...586`
## • `What is the financial situation of the family? Prompt the answers` -> `What
## is the financial situation of the family? Prompt the answers...587`
## • `How did the financial status of your family change in the last year?` ->
## `How did the financial status of your family change in the last year?...588`
## • `Other, Specify` -> `Other, Specify...589`
## • `Forestry Income (wood, herbs, trees, nuts, etc)` -> `Forestry Income (wood,
## herbs, trees, nuts, etc)...590`
## • `Other, Specify` -> `Other, Specify...591`
## • `Other, Specify` -> `Other, Specify...592`
## • `Other` -> `Other...593`
## • `other (specify)` -> `other (specify)...594`
## • `other (specify)` -> `other (specify)...595`
## • `other (specify)` -> `other (specify)...596`
## • `other (specify)` -> `other (specify)...597`
## • `other (specify)` -> `other (specify)...598`
## • `other (specify)` -> `other (specify)...599`
## • `Other, Specify` -> `Other, Specify...600`
## • `Other, Specify` -> `Other, Specify...601`
## • `Other, Specify` -> `Other, Specify...602`
## • `Other, specify` -> `Other, specify...603`
## • `Other, specify` -> `Other, specify...604`
## • `Other, specify` -> `Other, specify...605`
## • `Other (specify)` -> `Other (specify)...606`
## • `Other (specify)` -> `Other (specify)...607`
## • `Other (specify……)` -> `Other (specify……)...608`
## • `other specify` -> `other specify...609`
## • `Other (specify……)` -> `Other (specify……)...610`
## • `other specify` -> `other specify...611`
## • `Area (in ha)` -> `Area (in ha)...613`
## • `Area (in ha)` -> `Area (in ha)...614`
## • `Others` -> `Others...617`
## • `Others` -> `Others...618`
## • `Others` -> `Others...619`
## • `Others` -> `Others...620`
## • `Other` -> `Other...622`
## • `Others` -> `Others...623`
## • `Others` -> `Others...624`
## • `Others` -> `Others...625`
## • `Others` -> `Others...626`
## • `Others` -> `Others...627`
## • `Others` -> `Others...628`
## • `Others` -> `Others...629`
## • `Other (Specify)` -> `Other (Specify)...630`
## • `Other (Specify)` -> `Other (Specify)...631`
## • `Other (Specify)` -> `Other (Specify)...632`
## • `Other (Specify)` -> `Other (Specify)...633`
## • `M6. Does the community have a maintenance/sustainability fund?` -> `M6. Does
## the community have a maintenance/sustainability fund?...634`
## • `Other (specify)` -> `Other (specify)...636`
## • `Other (specify)` -> `Other (specify)...637`# Review the dimensions, variable names, and variable types after import.
glimpse(eastbackbone_se_wealth_rank)## Rows: 1,526
## Columns: 647
## $ start <dttm> …
## $ end <dttm> …
## $ phonenumber <chr> …
## $ my_name_is_your_name_from_gopa_tech_working_in_collaboration_with_escom_we_are_conducting_a_socio_economic_survey_as_part_of_the_resettlement_action_plan_development_for_the_proposed_the_malawi_eastern_backbone132_k_v_project_transmission_that_passes_through_eight_districts_lilongwe_salima_nkhotakota_nkhata_bay_mzimba_kasungu_dowa_and_ntchisi_the_survey_will_enquire_about_living_standards_conditions_of_infrastructure_farm_production_and_prices_banking_facilities_etc_this_survey_is_being_conducted_to_assess_the_socio_economic_conditions_in_the_project_area_to_inform_the_resettlement_action_plan_of_the_above_stated_project_it_is_being_conducted_in_the_8_districts_that_are_covered_by_the_powerline_your_household_has_been_randomly_to_participate_in_the_survey_and_you_have_selected_as_a_respondent_i_would_like_to_ask_you_some_questions_the_information_you_give_me_is_for_the_study_report_only_and_all_information_will_be_kept_strictly_confidential_the_interview_will_take_only_30_40_minutes_and_your_participation_is_completely_voluntary <lgl> …
## $ name_of_interviewer <chr> …
## $ other_specify_6 <lgl> …
## $ picture_of_the_signed_consent_form <chr> …
## $ picture_of_the_signed_consent_form_url <chr> …
## $ is_the_head_of_the_household_a_pap <chr> …
## $ name <chr> …
## $ pap_code_no <chr> …
## $ photo_of_the_respondent <chr> …
## $ photo_of_the_respondent_url <chr> …
## $ is_the_respondent_the_head_of_the_household <chr> …
## $ where_is_the_hhh <chr> …
## $ other_specify_16 <chr> …
## $ respondent_name <chr> …
## $ sex_of_the_respondent <chr> …
## $ age_of_the_respondent <dbl> …
## $ relationship_of_the_respondent_to_the_head_of_the_household <chr> …
## $ other_specify_21 <chr> …
## $ phone_number_of_the_respondent <dbl> …
## $ address_of_respondent_plot_or_farm_number_or_village_name <chr> …
## $ name_of_the_head_of_the_household <chr> …
## $ sex_of_the_household_head <chr> …
## $ age_of_the_household_head <dbl> …
## $ phone_number_of_the_household_head <chr> …
## $ what_is_your_marital_status_of_the_household_head <chr> …
## $ name_of_spouse <chr> …
## $ what_is_your_religion <chr> …
## $ other_specify_31 <lgl> …
## $ what_is_your_lineage_system <chr> …
## $ vulnerable_condition_of_the_household_head <chr> …
## $ vulnerable_condition_of_the_household_head_abandoned_women <dbl> …
## $ vulnerable_condition_of_the_household_head_abandoned_children <dbl> …
## $ vulnerable_condition_of_the_household_head_disabled <dbl> …
## $ vulnerable_condition_of_the_household_head_orphan_chronically_ill <dbl> …
## $ vulnerable_condition_of_the_household_head_widows <dbl> …
## $ vulnerable_condition_of_the_household_head_elderly <dbl> …
## $ vulnerable_condition_of_the_household_head_hiv_aids <dbl> …
## $ vulnerable_condition_of_the_household_head_not_vulnerable <dbl> …
## $ highest_education_attained_by_household_head_42 <chr> …
## $ other_specify_43 <chr> …
## $ what_is_your_family_s_resident_status <chr> …
## $ other_specify_45 <chr> …
## $ village_of_residence <chr> …
## $ traditional_authority <chr> …
## $ district <chr> …
## $ gvh_one_in_district_commissioner_s_registre <chr> …
## $ number_of_household_members <dbl> …
## $ how_many_household_members_have_any_of_these_conditions <chr> …
## $ how_many_household_members_have_any_of_these_conditions_chronic_illness <dbl> …
## $ how_many_household_members_have_any_of_these_conditions_hearing_impairment <dbl> …
## $ how_many_household_members_have_any_of_these_conditions_mental_disorder <dbl> …
## $ how_many_household_members_have_any_of_these_conditions_marriage_issues_polygamy <dbl> …
## $ how_many_household_members_have_any_of_these_conditions_physical_disabled <dbl> …
## $ how_many_household_members_have_any_of_these_conditions_registered_under_government_assistance <dbl> …
## $ how_many_household_members_have_any_of_these_conditions_none <dbl> …
## $ chronic_illness <dbl> …
## $ hearing_impairment <dbl> …
## $ mental_disorder <dbl> …
## $ marriage_issues_polygamy <dbl> …
## $ physical_disabled <dbl> …
## $ registered_under_government_assistance <dbl> …
## $ is_the_household_head_employed <chr> …
## $ b2_what_is_the_type_of_business_the_head_of_the_house_is_mainly_working_in <chr> …
## $ other_specify_67 <chr> …
## $ b3_who_owns_the_establishment_that_you_are_working_in <chr> …
## $ other_specify_69 <chr> …
## $ b4_were_you_paid_last_month <chr> …
## $ what_is_the_main_reason_for_your_current_unemployment <chr> …
## $ other_specify_72 <chr> …
## $ b6_how_many_workers_do_you_employ <dbl> …
## $ what_is_the_financial_situation_of_the_family_prompt_the_answers_74 <chr> …
## $ others_specify_75 <chr> …
## $ how_did_the_financial_status_of_your_family_change_in_the_last_year_76 <chr> …
## $ others_specify_77 <chr> …
## $ i_agriculture_on_farm_income <chr> …
## $ i_agriculture_on_farm_income_crops <dbl> …
## $ i_agriculture_on_farm_income_livestock <dbl> …
## $ i_agriculture_on_farm_income_forestry_income_wood_herbs_trees_nuts_etc <dbl> …
## $ i_agriculture_on_farm_income_others_specify <dbl> …
## $ crops_83 <dbl> …
## $ livestock <dbl> …
## $ forestry_income_wood_herbs_trees_nuts_etc_85 <dbl> …
## $ others_specify_86 <chr> …
## $ ii_off_farm_income <chr> …
## $ ii_off_farm_income_regular_income_wages_or_salaries <dbl> …
## $ ii_off_farm_income_irregular_income_example_bonuses_overtime_13th_cheque_etc <dbl> …
## $ ii_off_farm_income_social_transfers_hardship_social_allowance_pension_disability_grant_etc_or_benefits_benefits_to_children_under_16_guardians_of_parentless_children_low_income_families_having_children_under_1_year_old_funeral_or_for_unemployment_etc <dbl> …
## $ ii_off_farm_income_rental_example_land_apartment_house_store_shop_transport_etc <dbl> …
## $ ii_off_farm_income_foreign_remittances_or_help_from_relatives_example_transfer_from_gifts_non_foreign_remittances <dbl> …
## $ ii_off_farm_income_entrepreneurship_private_businesses <dbl> …
## $ ii_off_farm_income_sale_of_property <dbl> …
## $ ii_off_farm_income_other <dbl> …
## $ other_specify_96 <chr> …
## $ regular_income_wages_or_salaries <dbl> …
## $ irregular_income_example_bonuses_overtime_13th_cheque_etc <dbl> …
## $ social_transfers_hardship_social_allowance_pension_disability_grant_etc_or_benefits_benefits_to_children_under_16_guardians_of_parentless_children_low_income_families_having_children_under_1_year_old_funeral_or_for_unemployment_etc <dbl> …
## $ rental_example_land_apartment_house_store_shop_transport_etc <dbl> …
## $ foreign_remittances_or_help_from_relatives_example_transfer_from_gifts_non_foreign_remittances <dbl> …
## $ entrepreneurship_private_businesses <dbl> …
## $ sale_of_property <dbl> …
## $ other_specify_104 <dbl> …
## $ what_is_the_average_monthly_income_of_your_household_during_the_last_year <chr> …
## $ how_do_you_estimate_current_level_of_expenditure_of_your_family <chr> …
## $ how_do_you_estimate_current_level_of_expenditure_of_your_family_food_consumption <dbl> …
## $ how_do_you_estimate_current_level_of_expenditure_of_your_family_clothing <dbl> …
## $ how_do_you_estimate_current_level_of_expenditure_of_your_family_utilities_electricity_water <dbl> …
## $ how_do_you_estimate_current_level_of_expenditure_of_your_family_education <dbl> …
## $ how_do_you_estimate_current_level_of_expenditure_of_your_family_communication_tv_mobile_phones_internet <dbl> …
## $ how_do_you_estimate_current_level_of_expenditure_of_your_family_health <dbl> …
## $ food_consumption <dbl> …
## $ clothing <dbl> …
## $ utilities_electricity_water <dbl> …
## $ education <dbl> …
## $ communication_tv_mobile_phones_internet <dbl> …
## $ health <dbl> …
## $ what_is_the_average_monthly_expenditure_of_your_household_during_the_last_year <chr> …
## $ please_specify_whether_each_of_the_below_listed_items_is_present_in_your_household_prompt_the_list_one_by_one <chr> …
## $ please_specify_whether_each_of_the_below_listed_items_is_present_in_your_household_prompt_the_list_one_by_one_agriculture_land_acres <dbl> …
## $ please_specify_whether_each_of_the_below_listed_items_is_present_in_your_household_prompt_the_list_one_by_one_house <dbl> …
## $ please_specify_whether_each_of_the_below_listed_items_is_present_in_your_household_prompt_the_list_one_by_one_trading_depot_shop_etc <dbl> …
## $ please_specify_whether_each_of_the_below_listed_items_is_present_in_your_household_prompt_the_list_one_by_one_car <dbl> …
## $ please_specify_whether_each_of_the_below_listed_items_is_present_in_your_household_prompt_the_list_one_by_one_truck <dbl> …
## $ please_specify_whether_each_of_the_below_listed_items_is_present_in_your_household_prompt_the_list_one_by_one_tractor <dbl> …
## $ please_specify_whether_each_of_the_below_listed_items_is_present_in_your_household_prompt_the_list_one_by_one_agricultural_equipment <dbl> …
## $ please_specify_whether_each_of_the_below_listed_items_is_present_in_your_household_prompt_the_list_one_by_one_motorbike <dbl> …
## $ please_specify_whether_each_of_the_below_listed_items_is_present_in_your_household_prompt_the_list_one_by_one_refrigerator <dbl> …
## $ please_specify_whether_each_of_the_below_listed_items_is_present_in_your_household_prompt_the_list_one_by_one_generator <dbl> …
## $ please_specify_whether_each_of_the_below_listed_items_is_present_in_your_household_prompt_the_list_one_by_one_video_dvd_cd_player <dbl> …
## $ please_specify_whether_each_of_the_below_listed_items_is_present_in_your_household_prompt_the_list_one_by_one_tv <dbl> …
## $ please_specify_whether_each_of_the_below_listed_items_is_present_in_your_household_prompt_the_list_one_by_one_computer <dbl> …
## $ please_specify_whether_each_of_the_below_listed_items_is_present_in_your_household_prompt_the_list_one_by_one_cattle <dbl> …
## $ please_specify_whether_each_of_the_below_listed_items_is_present_in_your_household_prompt_the_list_one_by_one_goat <dbl> …
## $ please_specify_whether_each_of_the_below_listed_items_is_present_in_your_household_prompt_the_list_one_by_one_poultry <dbl> …
## $ please_specify_whether_each_of_the_below_listed_items_is_present_in_your_household_prompt_the_list_one_by_one_other_livestock <dbl> …
## $ please_specify_whether_each_of_the_below_listed_items_is_present_in_your_household_prompt_the_list_one_by_one_bicycle <dbl> …
## $ please_specify_whether_each_of_the_below_listed_items_is_present_in_your_household_prompt_the_list_one_by_one_radio <dbl> …
## $ d1_how_many_of_the_items_does_the_household_own_enter_number_140 <dbl> …
## $ d2_when_did_you_acquire_the_newest_item_141 <chr> …
## $ d3_how_did_you_acquire_the_item_142 <chr> …
## $ other_specify_143 <chr> …
## $ d4_value_of_item_if_you_bought_it_how_much_money_did_you_spend_on_it_or_if_you_had_wanted_to_sell_the_item_how_much_would_you_be_able_to_sell_it_for_when_you_received_it_144 <dbl> …
## $ d1_how_many_of_the_items_does_the_household_own_enter_number_145 <dbl> …
## $ d2_when_did_you_acquire_the_newest_item_146 <chr> …
## $ d3_how_did_you_acquire_the_item_147 <chr> …
## $ other_specify_148 <chr> …
## $ d4_value_of_item_if_you_bought_it_how_much_money_did_you_spend_on_it_or_if_you_had_wanted_to_sell_the_item_how_much_would_you_be_able_to_sell_it_for_when_you_received_it_149 <dbl> …
## $ d1_how_many_of_the_items_does_the_household_own_enter_number_150 <dbl> …
## $ d2_when_did_you_acquire_the_newest_item_151 <chr> …
## $ d3_how_did_you_acquire_the_item_152 <chr> …
## $ other_specify_153 <chr> …
## $ d4_value_of_item_if_you_bought_it_how_much_money_did_you_spend_on_it_or_if_you_had_wanted_to_sell_the_item_how_much_would_you_be_able_to_sell_it_for_when_you_received_it_154 <dbl> …
## $ d1_how_many_of_the_items_does_the_household_own_enter_number_155 <dbl> …
## $ d2_when_did_you_acquire_the_newest_item_156 <chr> …
## $ d3_how_did_you_acquire_the_item_157 <chr> …
## $ other_specify_158 <chr> …
## $ d4_value_of_item_if_you_bought_it_how_much_money_did_you_spend_on_it_or_if_you_had_wanted_to_sell_the_item_how_much_would_you_be_able_to_sell_it_for_when_you_received_it_159 <dbl> …
## $ d1_how_many_of_the_items_does_the_household_own_enter_number_160 <dbl> …
## $ d2_when_did_you_acquire_the_newest_item_161 <chr> …
## $ d3_how_did_you_acquire_the_item_162 <chr> …
## $ other_specify_163 <chr> …
## $ d4_value_of_item_if_you_bought_it_how_much_money_did_you_spend_on_it_or_if_you_had_wanted_to_sell_the_item_how_much_would_you_be_able_to_sell_it_for_when_you_received_it_164 <dbl> …
## $ d1_how_many_of_the_items_does_the_household_own_enter_number_165 <lgl> …
## $ d2_when_did_you_acquire_the_newest_item_166 <lgl> …
## $ d3_how_did_you_acquire_the_item_167 <lgl> …
## $ other_specify_168 <lgl> …
## $ d4_value_of_item_if_you_bought_it_how_much_money_did_you_spend_on_it_or_if_you_had_wanted_to_sell_the_item_how_much_would_you_be_able_to_sell_it_for_when_you_received_it_169 <lgl> …
## $ d1_how_many_of_the_items_does_the_household_own_enter_number_170 <dbl> …
## $ d2_when_did_you_acquire_the_newest_item_171 <chr> …
## $ d3_how_did_you_acquire_the_item_172 <chr> …
## $ other_specify_173 <lgl> …
## $ d4_value_of_item_if_you_bought_it_how_much_money_did_you_spend_on_it_or_if_you_had_wanted_to_sell_the_item_how_much_would_you_be_able_to_sell_it_for_when_you_received_it_174 <dbl> …
## $ d1_how_many_of_the_items_does_the_household_own_enter_number_175 <dbl> …
## $ d2_when_did_you_acquire_the_newest_item_176 <chr> …
## $ d3_how_did_you_acquire_the_item_177 <chr> …
## $ other_specify_178 <chr> …
## $ d4_value_of_item_if_you_bought_it_how_much_money_did_you_spend_on_it_or_if_you_had_wanted_to_sell_the_item_how_much_would_you_be_able_to_sell_it_for_when_you_received_it_179 <dbl> …
## $ d1_how_many_of_the_items_does_the_household_own_enter_number_180 <dbl> …
## $ d2_when_did_you_acquire_the_newest_item_181 <chr> …
## $ d3_how_did_you_acquire_the_item_182 <chr> …
## $ other_specify_183 <lgl> …
## $ d4_value_of_item_if_you_bought_it_how_much_money_did_you_spend_on_it_or_if_you_had_wanted_to_sell_the_item_how_much_would_you_be_able_to_sell_it_for_when_you_received_it_184 <dbl> …
## $ d1_how_many_of_the_items_does_the_household_own_enter_number_185 <dbl> …
## $ d2_when_did_you_acquire_the_newest_item_186 <chr> …
## $ d3_how_did_you_acquire_the_item_187 <chr> …
## $ other_specify_188 <lgl> …
## $ d4_value_of_item_if_you_bought_it_how_much_money_did_you_spend_on_it_or_if_you_had_wanted_to_sell_the_item_how_much_would_you_be_able_to_sell_it_for_when_you_received_it_189 <dbl> …
## $ d1_how_many_of_the_items_does_the_household_own_enter_number_190 <dbl> …
## $ d2_when_did_you_acquire_the_newest_item_191 <chr> …
## $ d3_how_did_you_acquire_the_item_192 <chr> …
## $ other_specify_193 <lgl> …
## $ d4_value_of_item_if_you_bought_it_how_much_money_did_you_spend_on_it_or_if_you_had_wanted_to_sell_the_item_how_much_would_you_be_able_to_sell_it_for_when_you_received_it_194 <dbl> …
## $ d1_how_many_of_the_items_does_the_household_own_enter_number_195 <dbl> …
## $ d2_when_did_you_acquire_the_newest_item_196 <chr> …
## $ d3_how_did_you_acquire_the_item_197 <chr> …
## $ other_specify_198 <lgl> …
## $ d4_value_of_item_if_you_bought_it_how_much_money_did_you_spend_on_it_or_if_you_had_wanted_to_sell_the_item_how_much_would_you_be_able_to_sell_it_for_when_you_received_it_199 <dbl> …
## $ d1_how_many_of_the_items_does_the_household_own_enter_number_200 <dbl> …
## $ d2_when_did_you_acquire_the_newest_item_201 <chr> …
## $ d3_how_did_you_acquire_the_item_202 <chr> …
## $ other_specify_203 <lgl> …
## $ d4_value_of_item_if_you_bought_it_how_much_money_did_you_spend_on_it_or_if_you_had_wanted_to_sell_the_item_how_much_would_you_be_able_to_sell_it_for_when_you_received_it_204 <dbl> …
## $ d1_how_many_of_the_items_does_the_household_own_enter_number_205 <dbl> …
## $ d2_when_did_you_acquire_the_newest_item_206 <chr> …
## $ d3_how_did_you_acquire_the_item_207 <chr> …
## $ other_specify_208 <lgl> …
## $ d4_value_of_item_if_you_bought_it_how_much_money_did_you_spend_on_it_or_if_you_had_wanted_to_sell_the_item_how_much_would_you_be_able_to_sell_it_for_when_you_received_it_209 <dbl> …
## $ d1_how_many_of_the_items_does_the_household_own_enter_number_210 <dbl> …
## $ d2_when_did_you_acquire_the_newest_item_211 <chr> …
## $ d3_how_did_you_acquire_the_item_212 <chr> …
## $ other_specify_213 <chr> …
## $ d4_value_of_item_if_you_bought_it_how_much_money_did_you_spend_on_it_or_if_you_had_wanted_to_sell_the_item_how_much_would_you_be_able_to_sell_it_for_when_you_received_it_214 <dbl> …
## $ d1_how_many_of_the_items_does_the_household_own_enter_number_215 <dbl> …
## $ d2_when_did_you_acquire_the_newest_item_216 <chr> …
## $ d3_how_did_you_acquire_the_item_217 <chr> …
## $ other_specify_218 <chr> …
## $ d4_value_of_item_if_you_bought_it_how_much_money_did_you_spend_on_it_or_if_you_had_wanted_to_sell_the_item_how_much_would_you_be_able_to_sell_it_for_when_you_received_it_219 <dbl> …
## $ d1_how_many_of_the_items_does_the_household_own_enter_number_220 <dbl> …
## $ d2_when_did_you_acquire_the_newest_item_221 <chr> …
## $ d3_how_did_you_acquire_the_item_222 <chr> …
## $ other_specify_223 <lgl> …
## $ d4_value_of_item_if_you_bought_it_how_much_money_did_you_spend_on_it_or_if_you_had_wanted_to_sell_the_item_how_much_would_you_be_able_to_sell_it_for_when_you_received_it_224 <dbl> …
## $ d1_how_many_of_the_items_does_the_household_own_enter_number_225 <dbl> …
## $ d2_when_did_you_acquire_the_newest_item_226 <chr> …
## $ d3_how_did_you_acquire_the_item_227 <chr> …
## $ other_specify_228 <lgl> …
## $ d4_value_of_item_if_you_bought_it_how_much_money_did_you_spend_on_it_or_if_you_had_wanted_to_sell_the_item_how_much_would_you_be_able_to_sell_it_for_when_you_received_it_229 <dbl> …
## $ d1_how_many_of_the_items_does_the_household_own_enter_number_230 <dbl> …
## $ d2_when_did_you_acquire_the_newest_item_231 <chr> …
## $ d3_how_did_you_acquire_the_item_232 <chr> …
## $ other_specify_233 <chr> …
## $ d4_value_of_item_if_you_bought_it_how_much_money_did_you_spend_on_it_or_if_you_had_wanted_to_sell_the_item_how_much_would_you_be_able_to_sell_it_for_when_you_received_it_234 <dbl> …
## $ agriculture_land_acres <chr> …
## $ house <chr> …
## $ trading_depot_shop_etc <chr> …
## $ truck <chr> …
## $ tractor <lgl> …
## $ agricultural_equipment <chr> …
## $ motorbike <chr> …
## $ refrigerator <chr> …
## $ generator <chr> …
## $ video_dvd_cd_player <chr> …
## $ tv <chr> …
## $ computer <chr> …
## $ cattle <chr> …
## $ goat <chr> …
## $ poultry <chr> …
## $ other_livestock <chr> …
## $ bicycle <chr> …
## $ radio <chr> …
## $ f1_do_you_have_any_nonpolitical_organizations_ng_os_associations_or_societies_in_your_area <chr> …
## $ f2_over_the_last_2_months_have_you_been_active_in_these <chr> …
## $ f3_if_yes_above_could_you_specify_which_organization_you_have_been_most_active_in <chr> …
## $ others_specify <chr> …
## $ f4_what_is_the_value_of_money_and_or_materials_your_household_gave_to_the_association_named_in_question_f3_in_the_past_three_months <dbl> …
## $ f5_what_is_the_total_time_your_household_spent_for_the_association_named_in_question_f3_in_the_past_3_months <dbl> …
## $ f6_what_is_the_main_purpose_activity_of_the_association <chr> …
## $ other_specify_260 <chr> …
## $ f7_what_are_the_most_important_institutions_or_structures_in_the_community_that_facilitate_coordinate_development <chr> …
## $ f7_what_are_the_most_important_institutions_or_structures_in_the_community_that_facilitate_coordinate_development_area_development_committee <dbl> …
## $ f7_what_are_the_most_important_institutions_or_structures_in_the_community_that_facilitate_coordinate_development_village_development_committee <dbl> …
## $ f7_what_are_the_most_important_institutions_or_structures_in_the_community_that_facilitate_coordinate_development_community_based_organisations <dbl> …
## $ g1_what_is_the_maximum_monthly_amount_you_would_pay_for_electricity <dbl> …
## $ g2_agree_or_disagree_in_this_village_it_is_safe_to_leave_your_house_to_your_neighbour_when_you_are_travelling <chr> …
## $ g3_if_you_suddenly_had_to_go_away_for_a_day_or_two_could_you_think_of_at_least_one_person_from_the_following <chr> …
## $ g3_if_you_suddenly_had_to_go_away_for_a_day_or_two_could_you_think_of_at_least_one_person_from_the_following_members_of_my_extended_family <dbl> …
## $ g3_if_you_suddenly_had_to_go_away_for_a_day_or_two_could_you_think_of_at_least_one_person_from_the_following_friends <dbl> …
## $ g3_if_you_suddenly_had_to_go_away_for_a_day_or_two_could_you_think_of_at_least_one_person_from_the_following_community_leaders <dbl> …
## $ g3_if_you_suddenly_had_to_go_away_for_a_day_or_two_could_you_think_of_at_least_one_person_from_the_following_members_of_my_religious_organizations <dbl> …
## $ g3_if_you_suddenly_had_to_go_away_for_a_day_or_two_could_you_think_of_at_least_one_person_from_the_following_id_ps <dbl> …
## $ g3_if_you_suddenly_had_to_go_away_for_a_day_or_two_could_you_think_of_at_least_one_person_from_the_following_neighbours <dbl> …
## $ g4_according_to_your_experience_if_someone_forgets_to_lock_the_bicycle_motorcycle_at_night_it_will_be_stolen <chr> …
## $ g5_to_whom_do_you_usually_seek_advice_suggestions_for_processing_your_harvested_commodities_or_other_tradable_goods <chr> …
## $ others_specify_2 <chr> …
## $ g6_to_whom_do_you_usually_seek_advice_suggestions_when_you_need_a_financial_loan <chr> …
## $ other_lending_entities_or_individuals_specify <chr> …
## $ g7_which_of_the_following_groups_benefit_from_community_decisions <chr> …
## $ g7_which_of_the_following_groups_benefit_from_community_decisions_the_relatively_poor <dbl> …
## $ g7_which_of_the_following_groups_benefit_from_community_decisions_older_people <dbl> …
## $ g7_which_of_the_following_groups_benefit_from_community_decisions_friends_or_family_of_local_leader <dbl> …
## $ g7_which_of_the_following_groups_benefit_from_community_decisions_people_that_are_well_connected_to_the_municipal_government <dbl> …
## $ g7_which_of_the_following_groups_benefit_from_community_decisions_id_ps <dbl> …
## $ g7_which_of_the_following_groups_benefit_from_community_decisions_women_headed_households <dbl> …
## $ how_do_the_following_groups_benefit_from_community_decisions_the_relatively_poor <chr> …
## $ how_do_the_following_groups_benefit_from_community_decisions_older_people <chr> …
## $ how_do_the_following_groups_benefit_from_community_decisions_friends_or_family_of_local_leader <chr> …
## $ how_do_the_following_groups_benefit_from_community_decisions_people_that_are_well_connected_to_the_municipal_government <chr> …
## $ how_do_the_following_groups_benefit_from_community_decisions_id_ps <chr> …
## $ how_do_the_following_groups_benefit_from_community_decisions_women_headed_households <chr> …
## $ g8_how_influential_are_you_when_decisions_are_made_on_issues_that_affect_all_villagers_do_you_feel_that_you_personally_play_an_influential_role_in_affecting_the_outcome_for_instance_when_you_speak_at_village_meetings_or_trying_to_persuade_others_prompt_the_answer_categories <chr> …
## $ g9_generally_what_would_happen_if_a_household_chose_not_to_participate_in_community_activities_multiple_answers_are_possible_prompt_he_answers <chr> …
## $ g9_generally_what_would_happen_if_a_household_chose_not_to_participate_in_community_activities_multiple_answers_are_possible_prompt_he_answers_nothing_this_work_is_purely_done_on_a_voluntary_basis <dbl> …
## $ g9_generally_what_would_happen_if_a_household_chose_not_to_participate_in_community_activities_multiple_answers_are_possible_prompt_he_answers_they_would_be_criticized_by_members_of_the_community <dbl> …
## $ g9_generally_what_would_happen_if_a_household_chose_not_to_participate_in_community_activities_multiple_answers_are_possible_prompt_he_answers_they_would_be_criticized_by_the_municipal_government <dbl> …
## $ g9_generally_what_would_happen_if_a_household_chose_not_to_participate_in_community_activities_multiple_answers_are_possible_prompt_he_answers_they_would_not_be_helped_in_the_future_if_they_needed_help_from_their_community <dbl> …
## $ g9_generally_what_would_happen_if_a_household_chose_not_to_participate_in_community_activities_multiple_answers_are_possible_prompt_he_answers_other_specify <dbl> …
## $ other_specify_299 <chr> …
## $ a_complain_to_a_village_leader <chr> …
## $ b_complain_to_a_municipal_official <chr> …
## $ c_complain_to_village_head <chr> …
## $ d_complain_to_a_religious_leader <chr> …
## $ e_appeal_to_local_ng_os_for_assistance <chr> …
## $ f_take_part_in_community_wide_meetings <chr> …
## $ g_express_my_opinions_during_elections <chr> …
## $ h1_what_is_the_main_source_of_household_drinking_water <chr> …
## $ other_specify_308 <chr> …
## $ h2_how_many_minutes_does_household_take_to_fetch_water_from_source_of_safe_drinking_water_round_trip_borehole_piped_water_protected_shallow_well <chr> …
## $ h3_how_far_is_the_closest_primary_school_to_the_household <chr> …
## $ h4_ownership_of_the_primary_school <chr> …
## $ other_specify_312 <lgl> …
## $ h5_how_far_is_the_nearest_health_unit_used_by_household <chr> …
## $ h6_ownership_of_the_health_unit <chr> …
## $ other_specify_315 <lgl> …
## $ for_the_woman_household_head_only_explain_to_the_respondent_that_the_information_in_this_section_will_not_be_shared_with_anyone <lgl> …
## $ i1_head_woman_how_often_are_you_consulted_by_your_husband_father_son_brother_or_in_laws_on_financial_matters <chr> …
## $ i2_if_you_compare_your_situation_to_2_years_ago_would_you_say_that_your_financial_independence_within_the_household_has_improved <chr> …
## $ i3_if_you_compare_the_situation_of_all_women_within_your_community_to_2_years_ago_would_you_say_that_your_financial_independence_within_the_household_has_improved <chr> …
## $ fetching_water <dbl> …
## $ marketing_products <dbl> …
## $ working_for_agricultural_production_crops <dbl> …
## $ spending_time_with_children <dbl> …
## $ household_chores_like_cooking_cleaning_the_house_etc <dbl> …
## $ community_activities <dbl> …
## $ i5_have_you_experienced_gbv_in_any_form <chr> …
## $ i6_if_yes_how_did_you_deal_with_it <chr> …
## $ i7_does_your_husband_son_consult_you_before_deciding_on_matters_financial_health_construction_etc <chr> …
## $ i8_was_the_gbv_case_resolved_to_your_satisfaction <chr> …
## $ i9_if_no_did_you_take_the_case_to_a_labour_office <chr> …
## $ i10_enumerator_was_there_a_man_present_at_the_time_of_the_interview <chr> …
## $ type_of_land <chr> …
## $ type_of_land_household_plot <dbl> …
## $ type_of_land_farm_land_privatized_land <dbl> …
## $ type_of_land_purchased_farm_land <dbl> …
## $ type_of_land_inherited <dbl> …
## $ type_of_land_rented_land_from_neighbour <dbl> …
## $ type_of_land_other_land <dbl> …
## $ other_land_specify_339 <chr> …
## $ household_plot <dbl> …
## $ farm_land_privatized_land <dbl> …
## $ purchased_farm_land <dbl> …
## $ inherited <dbl> …
## $ rented_land_from_neighbour <dbl> …
## $ other_land_specify_345 <dbl> …
## $ j_2_if_you_own_farm_land_did_you_sell_your_land_in_the_past_2_years <chr> …
## $ j_3_how_is_the_farm_land_used <chr> …
## $ area_in_acres <dbl> …
## $ estimated_value_349 <dbl> …
## $ area_in_zcres <dbl> …
## $ estimated_value_351 <dbl> …
## $ yield_last_year_measured_in_k_gs <dbl> …
## $ area_in_acres_2 <dbl> …
## $ crops_354 <chr> …
## $ crops_directly_to_consumers_in_village_urban_centre_at_the_farm_gate <dbl> …
## $ crops_to_wholesale_buyer_at_farm_gate <dbl> …
## $ crops_to_wholesale_at_village_urban_centre <dbl> …
## $ crops_sell_products_out_of_the_country <dbl> …
## $ crops_other <dbl> …
## $ other_specify_360 <chr> …
## $ livestock_product <chr> …
## $ livestock_product_directly_to_consumers_in_village_urban_centre_at_the_farm_gate <dbl> …
## $ livestock_product_to_wholesale_buyer_at_farm_gate <dbl> …
## $ livestock_product_to_wholesale_at_village_urban_centre <dbl> …
## $ livestock_product_sell_products_out_of_the_country <dbl> …
## $ livestock_product_other <dbl> …
## $ other_specify_367 <chr> …
## $ who_decides_what_will_be_sold <chr> …
## $ other_specify_369 <chr> …
## $ who_goes_to_sell_produce <chr> …
## $ other_specify_371 <chr> …
## $ how_is_money_from_sale_of_produce_used_in_the_family <chr> …
## $ other_specify_373 <chr> …
## $ k1_how_far_is_it_to_reach_the_closest_commercial_bank_or_credit_union <chr> …
## $ km <dbl> …
## $ minutes_by_car <dbl> …
## $ k2_have_you_taken_a_loan_from_any_of_these_institutions_in_the_last_3_years_or_do_you_consider_taking_out_a_loan <chr> …
## $ k2_have_you_taken_a_loan_from_any_of_these_institutions_in_the_last_3_years_or_do_you_consider_taking_out_a_loan_commercial_bank <dbl> …
## $ k2_have_you_taken_a_loan_from_any_of_these_institutions_in_the_last_3_years_or_do_you_consider_taking_out_a_loan_credit_union <dbl> …
## $ k2_have_you_taken_a_loan_from_any_of_these_institutions_in_the_last_3_years_or_do_you_consider_taking_out_a_loan_relatives_friends <dbl> …
## $ k2_have_you_taken_a_loan_from_any_of_these_institutions_in_the_last_3_years_or_do_you_consider_taking_out_a_loan_money_lenders <dbl> …
## $ k2_have_you_taken_a_loan_from_any_of_these_institutions_in_the_last_3_years_or_do_you_consider_taking_out_a_loan_no_borrowing_at_all <dbl> …
## $ k2_have_you_taken_a_loan_from_any_of_these_institutions_in_the_last_3_years_or_do_you_consider_taking_out_a_loan_others <dbl> …
## $ k2_have_you_taken_a_loan_from_any_of_these_institutions_in_the_last_3_years_or_do_you_consider_taking_out_a_loan_village_bank <dbl> …
## $ other_specify_385 <chr> …
## $ current_borrowing <chr> …
## $ current_borrowing_commercial_bank <dbl> …
## $ current_borrowing_credit_union <dbl> …
## $ current_borrowing_relatives_friends <dbl> …
## $ current_borrowing_money_lenders <dbl> …
## $ current_borrowing_others <dbl> …
## $ other_specify_392 <chr> …
## $ for_future_needs_where_will_you_borrow <chr> …
## $ for_future_needs_where_will_you_borrow_commercial_bank <dbl> …
## $ for_future_needs_where_will_you_borrow_credit_union <dbl> …
## $ for_future_needs_where_will_you_borrow_relatives_friends <dbl> …
## $ for_future_needs_where_will_you_borrow_money_lenders <dbl> …
## $ for_future_needs_where_will_you_borrow_others <dbl> …
## $ other_specify_399 <chr> …
## $ k3_what_was_the_purpose_of_the_loan_more_than_one_option_possible <chr> …
## $ k3_what_was_the_purpose_of_the_loan_more_than_one_option_possible_agriculture <dbl> …
## $ k3_what_was_the_purpose_of_the_loan_more_than_one_option_possible_food_consumption <dbl> …
## $ k3_what_was_the_purpose_of_the_loan_more_than_one_option_possible_education <dbl> …
## $ k3_what_was_the_purpose_of_the_loan_more_than_one_option_possible_marriage_death <dbl> …
## $ k3_what_was_the_purpose_of_the_loan_more_than_one_option_possible_health_related <dbl> …
## $ k3_what_was_the_purpose_of_the_loan_more_than_one_option_possible_buying_constructing_house <dbl> …
## $ k3_what_was_the_purpose_of_the_loan_more_than_one_option_possible_buying_machinery <dbl> …
## $ k3_what_was_the_purpose_of_the_loan_more_than_one_option_possible_investing_in_the_farm <dbl> …
## $ k3_what_was_the_purpose_of_the_loan_more_than_one_option_possible_others <dbl> …
## $ other_specify_410 <chr> …
## $ when_did_you_take_it_out <chr> …
## $ for_how_many_months_is_the_loan <dbl> …
## $ what_was_the_size_of_the_loan <dbl> …
## $ k5_how_do_you_save_money <chr> …
## $ other_specify_415 <chr> …
## $ now_i_would_like_to_ask_about_economic_disruptions_in_the_household_in_the_last_12_months <lgl> …
## $ l1_type_of_economic_disruption_prompt_the_list <chr> …
## $ l1_type_of_economic_disruption_prompt_the_list_serious_illness_of_a_household_member_that_required_hospitalization_or_frequent_medications <dbl> …
## $ l1_type_of_economic_disruption_prompt_the_list_loss_of_job_or_business_failure_experienced_by_a_household_member <dbl> …
## $ l1_type_of_economic_disruption_prompt_the_list_loss_of_business_of_a_household_member_because_of_power_interruption <dbl> …
## $ l1_type_of_economic_disruption_prompt_the_list_harvest_failure_of_a_household_member_due_to_weather <dbl> …
## $ l1_type_of_economic_disruption_prompt_the_list_pest <dbl> …
## $ l1_type_of_economic_disruption_prompt_the_list_reduced_household_income_due_to_the_very_low_prices_of_crops_products <dbl> …
## $ l1_type_of_economic_disruption_prompt_the_list_other <dbl> …
## $ other_specify_425 <chr> …
## $ l2_total_loss_reduction_of_income_due_to_the_event_in_the_last_12_months_in_mw_potential_lost_reduced_income_excluding_the_medical_expense_funeral_repair <chr> …
## $ serious_illness_of_a_household_member_that_required_hospitalization_or_frequent_medications <chr> …
## $ other_specify_428 <chr> …
## $ l2_total_loss_reduction_of_income_due_to_the_event_in_the_last_12_months_in_mw_potential_lost_reduced_income_excluding_the_medical_expense_funeral_repair_write_don_t_know_if_no_knowledge_429 <chr> …
## $ loss_of_job_or_business_failure_experienced_by_a_household_member <chr> …
## $ other_specify_431 <chr> …
## $ l2_total_loss_reduction_of_income_due_to_the_event_in_the_last_12_months_in_mw_potential_lost_reduced_income_excluding_the_medical_expense_funeral_repair_write_don_t_know_if_no_knowledge_432 <chr> …
## $ loss_of_business_of_a_household_member_because_of_power_interruption <chr> …
## $ other_specify_434 <lgl> …
## $ l2_total_loss_reduction_of_income_due_to_the_event_in_the_last_12_months_in_mw_potential_lost_reduced_income_excluding_the_medical_expense_funeral_repair_write_don_t_know_if_no_knowledge_435 <chr> …
## $ harvest_failure_of_a_household_member_due_to_weather <chr> …
## $ other_specify_437 <chr> …
## $ l2_total_loss_reduction_of_income_due_to_the_event_in_the_last_12_months_in_mw_potential_lost_reduced_income_excluding_the_medical_expense_funeral_repair_write_don_t_know_if_no_knowledge_438 <chr> …
## $ pest <chr> …
## $ other_specify_440 <chr> …
## $ l2_total_loss_reduction_of_income_due_to_the_event_in_the_last_12_months_in_mw_potential_lost_reduced_income_excluding_the_medical_expense_funeral_repair_write_don_t_know_if_no_knowledge_441 <chr> …
## $ reduced_household_income_due_to_the_very_low_prices_of_crops_products <chr> …
## $ other_specify_443 <chr> …
## $ l2_total_loss_reduction_of_income_due_to_the_event_in_the_last_12_months_in_mw_potential_lost_reduced_income_excluding_the_medical_expense_funeral_repair_write_don_t_know_if_no_knowledge_444 <chr> …
## $ others_445 <chr> …
## $ other_specify_446 <chr> …
## $ what_is_the_sex_of_the_primary_decision_maker <chr> …
## $ who_usually_makes_decisions_about_what_crops_to_grow_on_the_household_farm <chr> …
## $ other_specify_449 <chr> …
## $ who_usually_makes_decisions_about_the_use_transfer_or_sale_of_household_land <chr> …
## $ other_specify_451 <chr> …
## $ who_usually_makes_decisions_about_how_income_from_farming_and_livestock_activities_is_spent <chr> …
## $ other_specify_453 <chr> …
## $ m1_does_your_community_have_experience_in_implementing_a_small_micro_project <chr> …
## $ m2_did_you_participate_in_a_mobilization_meeting_as_part_of_the_community_involvement_for_the_project <chr> …
## $ m3_did_you_vote_in_the_mobilization_meeting <chr> …
## $ m4_when_was_the_community_group_started_enter_year <dbl> …
## $ m5_is_the_community_group_still_functioning <chr> …
## $ m6_does_the_community_have_a_maintenance_sustainability_fund_459 <chr> …
## $ m7_how_much_is_currently_in_the_fund <chr> …
## $ funds_in_mkw <dbl> …
## $ m8_is_there_electricity_in_your_village_community <chr> …
## $ m9_have_you_ever_heard_about_the_escom_interconnector_project <chr> …
## $ m10_where_did_you_hear_about_the_escom_interconnector_project <chr> …
## $ m11_would_you_like_to_be_connected_to_electricity_if_you_currently_not <chr> …
## $ m12_in_what_type_of_project_would_you_be_interested_in_participating_please_rank_your_top_4_priorities <chr> …
## $ m12_in_what_type_of_project_would_you_be_interested_in_participating_please_rank_your_top_4_priorities_conservation_farming <dbl> …
## $ m12_in_what_type_of_project_would_you_be_interested_in_participating_please_rank_your_top_4_priorities_enterprise_development <dbl> …
## $ m12_in_what_type_of_project_would_you_be_interested_in_participating_please_rank_your_top_4_priorities_fish_farming <dbl> …
## $ m12_in_what_type_of_project_would_you_be_interested_in_participating_please_rank_your_top_4_priorities_livestock_development <dbl> …
## $ m12_in_what_type_of_project_would_you_be_interested_in_participating_please_rank_your_top_4_priorities_crop_management <dbl> …
## $ m12_in_what_type_of_project_would_you_be_interested_in_participating_please_rank_your_top_4_priorities_none <dbl> …
## $ conservation_farming <dbl> …
## $ enterprise_development <dbl> …
## $ fish_farming <dbl> …
## $ livestock_development <dbl> …
## $ crop_management <dbl> …
## $ none <dbl> …
## $ how_many_kilometres_and_time_minutes_do_you_need_to_reach_the_nearest_escom_office_by_public_transport <chr> …
## $ kilometres_480 <dbl> …
## $ minutes_481 <dbl> …
## $ how_many_kilometres_and_time_minutes_do_you_need_to_reach_the_nearest_escom_office_by_private_transport <chr> …
## $ kilometres_483 <dbl> …
## $ minutes_484 <dbl> …
## $ how_many_kilometres_and_time_minutes_do_you_need_to_reach_the_nearest_escom_office_by_walking <chr> …
## $ kilometres_486 <dbl> …
## $ minutes_487 <dbl> …
## $ has_any_member_of_your_household_migrated_in_or_out_of_this_area_in_the_past_12_months <chr> …
## $ how_many_of_your_family_members_migrated_within_the_last_12_months <lgl> …
## $ from_another_district_within_central_region_to_the_current_location <dbl> …
## $ from_a_city_blantyre_lilongwe_mzuzu_zomba_to_the_current_village <dbl> …
## $ from_this_area_to_a_city_blantyre_lilongwe_mzuzu_zomba <dbl> …
## $ from_another_country_to_this_location_your_village <dbl> …
## $ cooking <chr> …
## $ other_specify_495 <chr> …
## $ lighting <chr> …
## $ other_specify_497 <chr> …
## $ main_means_of_transportation_in_the_area <chr> …
## $ means_of_household_waste_disposal <chr> …
## $ means_of_household_waste_disposal_take_it_to_official_collection_point <dbl> …
## $ means_of_household_waste_disposal_take_it_to_unofficial_dump_site <dbl> …
## $ means_of_household_waste_disposal_reuse <dbl> …
## $ means_of_household_waste_disposal_collected_from_home_by_municipality <dbl> …
## $ means_of_household_waste_disposal_collected_from_home_by_other_service_provider <dbl> …
## $ means_of_household_waste_disposal_burn_it <dbl> …
## $ means_of_household_waste_disposal_bury_it <dbl> …
## $ means_of_household_waste_disposal_recycled <dbl> …
## $ means_of_household_waste_disposal_compost_making <dbl> …
## $ means_of_household_waste_disposal_other_specify <dbl> …
## $ other_specify_510 <chr> …
## $ x4_what_challenges_do_you_face_in_terms_of_waste_management <chr> …
## $ x5_what_are_the_main_shocks_and_stresses_suffered_in_the_past_year <chr> …
## $ x5_what_are_the_main_shocks_and_stresses_suffered_in_the_past_year_flooding <dbl> …
## $ x5_what_are_the_main_shocks_and_stresses_suffered_in_the_past_year_water_shortage_drought <dbl> …
## $ x5_what_are_the_main_shocks_and_stresses_suffered_in_the_past_year_water_borne_diseases <dbl> …
## $ x5_what_are_the_main_shocks_and_stresses_suffered_in_the_past_year_extreme_temperature <dbl> …
## $ x5_what_are_the_main_shocks_and_stresses_suffered_in_the_past_year_other_specify <dbl> …
## $ other_specify_518 <chr> …
## $ are_you_aware_of_the_following_environmental_and_social_management_related_laws_and_policies <chr> …
## $ are_you_aware_of_the_following_environmental_and_social_management_related_laws_and_policies_environment_management_act_and_related_policies <dbl> …
## $ are_you_aware_of_the_following_environmental_and_social_management_related_laws_and_policies_land_act_and_related_policies <dbl> …
## $ are_you_aware_of_the_following_environmental_and_social_management_related_laws_and_policies_water_resources_act_and_related_policy <dbl> …
## $ are_you_aware_of_the_following_environmental_and_social_management_related_laws_and_policies_national_gender_policy_its_act <dbl> …
## $ are_you_aware_of_the_following_environmental_and_social_management_related_laws_and_policies_national_forestry_act_and_policy <dbl> …
## $ are_you_aware_of_the_following_environmental_and_social_management_related_laws_and_policies_electricity_act_and_related_policy <dbl> …
## $ are_you_aware_of_the_following_environmental_and_social_management_related_laws_and_policies_others_specify <dbl> …
## $ others_specify_527 <chr> …
## $ a_what_positive_environmental_and_social_impacts_can_be_expected_from_the_proposed_project <chr> …
## $ a_what_positive_environmental_and_social_impacts_can_be_expected_from_the_proposed_project_employment_opportunities <dbl> …
## $ a_what_positive_environmental_and_social_impacts_can_be_expected_from_the_proposed_project_business_opportunity <dbl> …
## $ a_what_positive_environmental_and_social_impacts_can_be_expected_from_the_proposed_project_improved_access_to_electricity <dbl> …
## $ a_what_positive_environmental_and_social_impacts_can_be_expected_from_the_proposed_project_others_list <dbl> …
## $ others_list <chr> …
## $ x7_what_negative_environmental_and_social_impacts_can_be_expected_from_the_proposed_project_include_a_question_on_suggested_mitigation_measures <chr> …
## $ x7_what_negative_environmental_and_social_impacts_can_be_expected_from_the_proposed_project_include_a_question_on_suggested_mitigation_measures_noise_from_construction_works <dbl> …
## $ x7_what_negative_environmental_and_social_impacts_can_be_expected_from_the_proposed_project_include_a_question_on_suggested_mitigation_measures_generation_of_dust <dbl> …
## $ x7_what_negative_environmental_and_social_impacts_can_be_expected_from_the_proposed_project_include_a_question_on_suggested_mitigation_measures_cutting_down_of_trees <dbl> …
## $ x7_what_negative_environmental_and_social_impacts_can_be_expected_from_the_proposed_project_include_a_question_on_suggested_mitigation_measures_traffic_accidents_by_construction_vehicles <dbl> …
## $ x7_what_negative_environmental_and_social_impacts_can_be_expected_from_the_proposed_project_include_a_question_on_suggested_mitigation_measures_accidents_to_community_members_from_other_construction_works <dbl> …
## $ x7_what_negative_environmental_and_social_impacts_can_be_expected_from_the_proposed_project_include_a_question_on_suggested_mitigation_measures_spread_of_sexually_transmitted_diseases <dbl> …
## $ x7_what_negative_environmental_and_social_impacts_can_be_expected_from_the_proposed_project_include_a_question_on_suggested_mitigation_measures_increased_prostitution_incidences <dbl> …
## $ x7_what_negative_environmental_and_social_impacts_can_be_expected_from_the_proposed_project_include_a_question_on_suggested_mitigation_measures_disruption_of_pathways <dbl> …
## $ x7_what_negative_environmental_and_social_impacts_can_be_expected_from_the_proposed_project_include_a_question_on_suggested_mitigation_measures_child_labour_issues <dbl> …
## $ x7_what_negative_environmental_and_social_impacts_can_be_expected_from_the_proposed_project_include_a_question_on_suggested_mitigation_measures_disruption_of_marriages <dbl> …
## $ x7_what_negative_environmental_and_social_impacts_can_be_expected_from_the_proposed_project_include_a_question_on_suggested_mitigation_measures_discriminatory_working_conditions <dbl> …
## $ x7_what_negative_environmental_and_social_impacts_can_be_expected_from_the_proposed_project_include_a_question_on_suggested_mitigation_measures_teenage_pregnancies <dbl> …
## $ x7_what_negative_environmental_and_social_impacts_can_be_expected_from_the_proposed_project_include_a_question_on_suggested_mitigation_measures_increased_school_dropouts <dbl> …
## $ x7_what_negative_environmental_and_social_impacts_can_be_expected_from_the_proposed_project_include_a_question_on_suggested_mitigation_measures_resettlement_of_people_loss_of_assets_and_properties <dbl> …
## $ x7_what_negative_environmental_and_social_impacts_can_be_expected_from_the_proposed_project_include_a_question_on_suggested_mitigation_measures_others_list <dbl> …
## $ other_specify_550 <chr> …
## $ additional_comments_on_the_survey <chr> …
## $ thank_you_for_this_interview <lgl> …
## $ end_2 <lgl> …
## $ name_of_pap_record_in_full <chr> …
## $ other_specify_555 <lgl> …
## $ why_is_hhh_not_responding <chr> …
## $ other_specify_557 <lgl> …
## $ other_specify_558 <lgl> …
## $ gender_of_the_respondent <chr> …
## $ other_560 <lgl> …
## $ highest_education_attained_by_household_head_561 <lgl> …
## $ other_562 <lgl> …
## $ other_specify_563 <lgl> …
## $ condition_of_vulnerability_of_the_hhh_564 <lgl> …
## $ condition_of_vulnerability_of_the_hhh_chronic_illness_565 <lgl> …
## $ condition_of_vulnerability_of_the_hhh_hearing_impairment_566 <lgl> …
## $ condition_of_vulnerability_of_the_hhh_mental_disorder_567 <lgl> …
## $ condition_of_vulnerability_of_the_hhh_marriage_issues_polygamy_568 <lgl> …
## $ condition_of_vulnerability_of_the_hhh_physical_disabled_569 <lgl> …
## $ condition_of_vulnerability_of_the_hhh_registered_under_government_assistance_570 <lgl> …
## $ condition_of_vulnerability_of_the_hhh_none_571 <lgl> …
## $ condition_of_vulnerability_of_the_hhh_572 <chr> …
## $ condition_of_vulnerability_of_the_hhh_chronic_illness_573 <dbl> …
## $ condition_of_vulnerability_of_the_hhh_hearing_impairment_574 <dbl> …
## $ condition_of_vulnerability_of_the_hhh_mental_disorder_575 <dbl> …
## $ condition_of_vulnerability_of_the_hhh_marriage_issues_polygamy_576 <dbl> …
## $ condition_of_vulnerability_of_the_hhh_physical_disabled_577 <dbl> …
## $ condition_of_vulnerability_of_the_hhh_registered_under_government_assistance_578 <dbl> …
## $ condition_of_vulnerability_of_the_hhh_none_579 <dbl> …
## $ other_specify_580 <lgl> …
## $ other_specify_581 <lgl> …
## $ other_specify_582 <lgl> …
## $ other_specify_583 <lgl> …
## $ other_specify_584 <chr> …
## $ other_specify_585 <lgl> …
## $ other_specify_586 <chr> …
## $ what_is_the_financial_situation_of_the_family_prompt_the_answers_587 <chr> …
## $ how_did_the_financial_status_of_your_family_change_in_the_last_year_588 <chr> …
## $ other_specify_589 <lgl> …
## $ forestry_income_wood_herbs_trees_nuts_etc_590 <lgl> …
## $ other_specify_591 <lgl> …
## $ other_specify_592 <chr> …
## $ other_593 <lgl> …
## $ other_specify_594 <lgl> …
## $ other_specify_595 <lgl> …
## $ other_specify_596 <lgl> …
## $ other_specify_597 <lgl> …
## $ other_specify_598 <lgl> …
## $ other_specify_599 <lgl> …
## $ other_specify_600 <lgl> …
## $ other_specify_601 <lgl> …
## $ other_specify_602 <chr> …
## $ other_specify_603 <lgl> …
## $ other_specify_604 <lgl> …
## $ other_specify_605 <lgl> …
## $ other_specify_606 <lgl> …
## $ other_specify_607 <chr> …
## $ other_specify_608 <lgl> …
## $ other_specify_609 <lgl> …
## $ other_specify_610 <lgl> …
## $ other_specify_611 <lgl> …
## $ i9_if_no_did_you_take_the_case_to_a_higher_office <chr> …
## $ area_in_ha_613 <dbl> …
## $ area_in_ha_614 <dbl> …
## $ yield_last_year_measured_in_tons <dbl> …
## $ area_in_ha_s <dbl> …
## $ others_617 <lgl> …
## $ others_618 <lgl> …
## $ others_619 <lgl> …
## $ others_620 <lgl> …
## $ for_how_many_years_is_the_loan <dbl> …
## $ other_622 <lgl> …
## $ others_623 <lgl> …
## $ others_624 <lgl> …
## $ others_625 <lgl> …
## $ others_626 <lgl> …
## $ others_627 <lgl> …
## $ others_628 <lgl> …
## $ others_629 <lgl> …
## $ other_specify_630 <lgl> …
## $ other_specify_631 <lgl> …
## $ other_specify_632 <lgl> …
## $ other_specify_633 <lgl> …
## $ m6_does_the_community_have_a_maintenance_sustainability_fund_634 <chr> …
## $ how_many_of_your_family_members_migrated_within_the_last_12_months_enter_numer_in_row_that_applies <lgl> …
## $ other_specify_636 <lgl> …
## $ other_specify_637 <lgl> …
## $ others_list_2 <lgl> …
## $ id <dbl> …
## $ uuid <chr> …
## $ submission_time <dttm> …
## $ validation_status <lgl> …
## $ status <chr> …
## $ submitted_by <chr> …
## $ version <chr> …
## $ meta_root_uuid <chr> …
## $ index <dbl> …The long source variable names below are converted into shorter,
analysis-friendly names. For each item, a value of 1 means
the household owns/has the item and 0 means it does not.
Values other than the expected 0 or 1 are set
to NA so that unknown or unexpected codes are not silently
treated as non-ownership.
eastbackbone_se_wealth_rank <- eastbackbone_se_wealth_rank %>%
mutate(
# Land and dwelling
asset_agriculture_land = case_when(
please_specify_whether_each_of_the_below_listed_items_is_present_in_your_household_prompt_the_list_one_by_one_agriculture_land_acres == 1 ~ 1,
please_specify_whether_each_of_the_below_listed_items_is_present_in_your_household_prompt_the_list_one_by_one_agriculture_land_acres == 0 ~ 0,
TRUE ~ NA_real_
),
asset_house = case_when(
please_specify_whether_each_of_the_below_listed_items_is_present_in_your_household_prompt_the_list_one_by_one_house == 1 ~ 1,
please_specify_whether_each_of_the_below_listed_items_is_present_in_your_household_prompt_the_list_one_by_one_house == 0 ~ 0,
TRUE ~ NA_real_
),
# Business and transport assets
asset_trading_depot_shop = case_when(
please_specify_whether_each_of_the_below_listed_items_is_present_in_your_household_prompt_the_list_one_by_one_trading_depot_shop_etc == 1 ~ 1,
please_specify_whether_each_of_the_below_listed_items_is_present_in_your_household_prompt_the_list_one_by_one_trading_depot_shop_etc == 0 ~ 0,
TRUE ~ NA_real_
),
asset_car = case_when(
please_specify_whether_each_of_the_below_listed_items_is_present_in_your_household_prompt_the_list_one_by_one_car == 1 ~ 1,
please_specify_whether_each_of_the_below_listed_items_is_present_in_your_household_prompt_the_list_one_by_one_car == 0 ~ 0,
TRUE ~ NA_real_
),
asset_truck = case_when(
please_specify_whether_each_of_the_below_listed_items_is_present_in_your_household_prompt_the_list_one_by_one_truck == 1 ~ 1,
please_specify_whether_each_of_the_below_listed_items_is_present_in_your_household_prompt_the_list_one_by_one_truck == 0 ~ 0,
TRUE ~ NA_real_
),
asset_motorbike = case_when(
please_specify_whether_each_of_the_below_listed_items_is_present_in_your_household_prompt_the_list_one_by_one_motorbike == 1 ~ 1,
please_specify_whether_each_of_the_below_listed_items_is_present_in_your_household_prompt_the_list_one_by_one_motorbike == 0 ~ 0,
TRUE ~ NA_real_
),
asset_bicycle = case_when(
please_specify_whether_each_of_the_below_listed_items_is_present_in_your_household_prompt_the_list_one_by_one_bicycle == 1 ~ 1,
please_specify_whether_each_of_the_below_listed_items_is_present_in_your_household_prompt_the_list_one_by_one_bicycle == 0 ~ 0,
TRUE ~ NA_real_
),
# Agricultural equipment and household appliances
asset_agricultural_equipment = case_when(
please_specify_whether_each_of_the_below_listed_items_is_present_in_your_household_prompt_the_list_one_by_one_agricultural_equipment == 1 ~ 1,
please_specify_whether_each_of_the_below_listed_items_is_present_in_your_household_prompt_the_list_one_by_one_agricultural_equipment == 0 ~ 0,
TRUE ~ NA_real_
),
asset_refrigerator = case_when(
please_specify_whether_each_of_the_below_listed_items_is_present_in_your_household_prompt_the_list_one_by_one_refrigerator == 1 ~ 1,
please_specify_whether_each_of_the_below_listed_items_is_present_in_your_household_prompt_the_list_one_by_one_refrigerator == 0 ~ 0,
TRUE ~ NA_real_
),
asset_generator = case_when(
please_specify_whether_each_of_the_below_listed_items_is_present_in_your_household_prompt_the_list_one_by_one_generator == 1 ~ 1,
please_specify_whether_each_of_the_below_listed_items_is_present_in_your_household_prompt_the_list_one_by_one_generator == 0 ~ 0,
TRUE ~ NA_real_
),
asset_dvd_cd_player = case_when(
please_specify_whether_each_of_the_below_listed_items_is_present_in_your_household_prompt_the_list_one_by_one_video_dvd_cd_player == 1 ~ 1,
please_specify_whether_each_of_the_below_listed_items_is_present_in_your_household_prompt_the_list_one_by_one_video_dvd_cd_player == 0 ~ 0,
TRUE ~ NA_real_
),
asset_tv = case_when(
please_specify_whether_each_of_the_below_listed_items_is_present_in_your_household_prompt_the_list_one_by_one_tv == 1 ~ 1,
please_specify_whether_each_of_the_below_listed_items_is_present_in_your_household_prompt_the_list_one_by_one_tv == 0 ~ 0,
TRUE ~ NA_real_
),
asset_computer = case_when(
please_specify_whether_each_of_the_below_listed_items_is_present_in_your_household_prompt_the_list_one_by_one_computer == 1 ~ 1,
please_specify_whether_each_of_the_below_listed_items_is_present_in_your_household_prompt_the_list_one_by_one_computer == 0 ~ 0,
TRUE ~ NA_real_
),
asset_radio = case_when(
please_specify_whether_each_of_the_below_listed_items_is_present_in_your_household_prompt_the_list_one_by_one_radio == 1 ~ 1,
please_specify_whether_each_of_the_below_listed_items_is_present_in_your_household_prompt_the_list_one_by_one_radio == 0 ~ 0,
TRUE ~ NA_real_
),
# Livestock
asset_cattle = case_when(
please_specify_whether_each_of_the_below_listed_items_is_present_in_your_household_prompt_the_list_one_by_one_cattle == 1 ~ 1,
please_specify_whether_each_of_the_below_listed_items_is_present_in_your_household_prompt_the_list_one_by_one_cattle == 0 ~ 0,
TRUE ~ NA_real_
),
asset_goat = case_when(
please_specify_whether_each_of_the_below_listed_items_is_present_in_your_household_prompt_the_list_one_by_one_goat == 1 ~ 1,
please_specify_whether_each_of_the_below_listed_items_is_present_in_your_household_prompt_the_list_one_by_one_goat == 0 ~ 0,
TRUE ~ NA_real_
),
asset_poultry = case_when(
please_specify_whether_each_of_the_below_listed_items_is_present_in_your_household_prompt_the_list_one_by_one_poultry == 1 ~ 1,
please_specify_whether_each_of_the_below_listed_items_is_present_in_your_household_prompt_the_list_one_by_one_poultry == 0 ~ 0,
TRUE ~ NA_real_
),
asset_other_livestock = case_when(
please_specify_whether_each_of_the_below_listed_items_is_present_in_your_household_prompt_the_list_one_by_one_other_livestock == 1 ~ 1,
please_specify_whether_each_of_the_below_listed_items_is_present_in_your_household_prompt_the_list_one_by_one_other_livestock == 0 ~ 0,
TRUE ~ NA_real_
)
)
# Inspect the recoded indicators and verify that values are 0, 1, or NA.
asset_vars <- c(
"asset_agricultural_equipment",
"asset_house",
"asset_agriculture_land",
"asset_bicycle",
"asset_trading_depot_shop",
"asset_car",
"asset_cattle",
"asset_truck",
"asset_computer",
"asset_dvd_cd_player",
"asset_generator",
"asset_motorbike",
"asset_goat",
"asset_other_livestock",
"asset_poultry",
"asset_radio",
"asset_refrigerator",
"asset_tv"
)
# Stop with a clear message if a variable listed above was not created.
missing_asset_columns <- setdiff(asset_vars, names(eastbackbone_se_wealth_rank))
if (length(missing_asset_columns) > 0) {
stop(
"These asset variables were not found: ",
paste(missing_asset_columns, collapse = ", "),
". Check the source column names and recoding section."
)
}
# Review the values for each derived indicator.
purrr::walk(asset_vars, function(variable) {
cat("\n---", variable, "---\n")
print(table(eastbackbone_se_wealth_rank[[variable]], useNA = "ifany"))
})##
## --- asset_agricultural_equipment ---
##
## 0 1 <NA>
## 276 1247 3
##
## --- asset_house ---
##
## 0 1 <NA>
## 142 1381 3
##
## --- asset_agriculture_land ---
##
## 0 1 <NA>
## 238 1285 3
##
## --- asset_bicycle ---
##
## 0 1 <NA>
## 1120 403 3
##
## --- asset_trading_depot_shop ---
##
## 0 1 <NA>
## 1469 54 3
##
## --- asset_car ---
##
## 0 1 <NA>
## 1517 6 3
##
## --- asset_cattle ---
##
## 0 1 <NA>
## 1501 22 3
##
## --- asset_truck ---
##
## 0 1 <NA>
## 1522 1 3
##
## --- asset_computer ---
##
## 0 1 <NA>
## 1514 9 3
##
## --- asset_dvd_cd_player ---
##
## 0 1 <NA>
## 1483 40 3
##
## --- asset_generator ---
##
## 0 1 <NA>
## 1515 8 3
##
## --- asset_motorbike ---
##
## 0 1 <NA>
## 1455 68 3
##
## --- asset_goat ---
##
## 0 1 <NA>
## 1221 302 3
##
## --- asset_other_livestock ---
##
## 0 1 <NA>
## 1378 145 3
##
## --- asset_poultry ---
##
## 0 1 <NA>
## 832 691 3
##
## --- asset_radio ---
##
## 0 1 <NA>
## 1168 355 3
##
## --- asset_refrigerator ---
##
## 0 1 <NA>
## 1494 29 3
##
## --- asset_tv ---
##
## 0 1 <NA>
## 1434 89 3This section reports the number and percentage of missing responses for each asset. The results help determine whether complete-case PCA is reasonable or whether a formal imputation strategy should be considered.
# Number of missing values for each asset indicator.
missing_summary <- eastbackbone_se_wealth_rank %>%
summarise(
across(
all_of(asset_vars),
~ sum(is.na(.x)),
.names = "missing_{.col}"
)
)
# Percentage of missing values for each asset indicator.
missing_percent <- eastbackbone_se_wealth_rank %>%
summarise(
across(
all_of(asset_vars),
~ mean(is.na(.x)) * 100,
.names = "pct_missing_{.col}"
)
)
print(missing_summary)## # A tibble: 1 × 18
## missing_asset_agricultural_equipm…¹ missing_asset_house missing_asset_agricu…²
## <int> <int> <int>
## 1 3 3 3
## # ℹ abbreviated names: ¹missing_asset_agricultural_equipment,
## # ²missing_asset_agriculture_land
## # ℹ 15 more variables: missing_asset_bicycle <int>,
## # missing_asset_trading_depot_shop <int>, missing_asset_car <int>,
## # missing_asset_cattle <int>, missing_asset_truck <int>,
## # missing_asset_computer <int>, missing_asset_dvd_cd_player <int>,
## # missing_asset_generator <int>, missing_asset_motorbike <int>, …print(missing_percent)## # A tibble: 1 × 18
## pct_missing_asset_agricultural…¹ pct_missing_asset_ho…² pct_missing_asset_ag…³
## <dbl> <dbl> <dbl>
## 1 0.197 0.197 0.197
## # ℹ abbreviated names: ¹pct_missing_asset_agricultural_equipment,
## # ²pct_missing_asset_house, ³pct_missing_asset_agriculture_land
## # ℹ 15 more variables: pct_missing_asset_bicycle <dbl>,
## # pct_missing_asset_trading_depot_shop <dbl>, pct_missing_asset_car <dbl>,
## # pct_missing_asset_cattle <dbl>, pct_missing_asset_truck <dbl>,
## # pct_missing_asset_computer <dbl>, pct_missing_asset_dvd_cd_player <dbl>,
## # pct_missing_asset_generator <dbl>, pct_missing_asset_motorbike <dbl>, …Only the 18 selected asset indicators are used in the PCA. The code converts the indicators to numeric values, identifies complete cases, and excludes variables that have no variation in the PCA sample. A constant variable cannot contribute useful information to PCA.
# Keep only the asset indicators selected for the wealth index.
asset_data <- eastbackbone_se_wealth_rank %>%
select(all_of(asset_vars)) %>%
mutate(across(everything(), as.numeric))
# Identify households with a recorded 0/1 value for every selected asset.
complete_asset_case <- complete.cases(asset_data)
# Report the number of households included and excluded from PCA.
pca_sample_summary <- tibble(
Sample_status = c("Complete asset data", "One or more missing asset values"),
Households = c(
sum(complete_asset_case),
sum(!complete_asset_case)
),
Percentage = round(
100 * c(sum(complete_asset_case), sum(!complete_asset_case)) /
nrow(eastbackbone_se_wealth_rank),
1
)
)
print(pca_sample_summary)## # A tibble: 2 × 3
## Sample_status Households Percentage
## <chr> <int> <dbl>
## 1 Complete asset data 1523 99.8
## 2 One or more missing asset values 3 0.2# Retain complete cases for PCA. Original household rows are kept in the main
# dataset; households excluded here will have NA for the wealth score and group.
pca_input <- asset_data[complete_asset_case, , drop = FALSE]
# Remove any asset variable with zero or undefined standard deviation.
asset_sd <- vapply(pca_input, sd, numeric(1), na.rm = TRUE)
varying_assets <- names(asset_sd[is.finite(asset_sd) & asset_sd > 0])
if (length(varying_assets) < 2) {
stop("PCA requires at least two asset indicators with non-zero variation.")
}
if (length(varying_assets) < length(asset_vars)) {
message(
"Excluded constant or non-varying asset variables: ",
paste(setdiff(asset_vars, varying_assets), collapse = ", ")
)
}
pca_input <- pca_input %>%
select(all_of(varying_assets))
# Confirm that the selected PCA input contains no missing values.
stopifnot(!anyNA(pca_input))PCA is performed on standardised asset indicators. Standardisation puts the binary indicators on a comparable scale before extracting the principal components. The first principal component (PC1) is used as the wealth score because it captures the largest share of total variation among the selected indicators.
# Run PCA and standardise each indicator internally.
pca_results <- prcomp(
pca_input,
center = TRUE,
scale. = TRUE
)
# Extract the PC1 score for each household included in PCA.
pc1_scores <- pca_results$x[, 1]
# The sign of a principal component is arbitrary. Orient the index so that the sum
# of the PC1 loadings is positive; then verify that higher scores generally align
# with greater asset ownership in the loading table and summaries.
if (sum(pca_results$rotation[, 1]) < 0) {
pc1_scores <- -pc1_scores
pca_results$rotation[, 1] <- -pca_results$rotation[, 1]
pca_results$x[, 1] <- -pca_results$x[, 1]
}
# Add scores to the full dataset in the same row order as the source data.
# Households excluded due to missing assets remain NA.
eastbackbone_se_wealth_rank$se_wealth_index <- NA_real_
eastbackbone_se_wealth_rank$se_wealth_index[complete_asset_case] <- pc1_scores
# Review the PCA summary, including standard deviations and variance information.
print(summary(pca_results))## Importance of components:
## PC1 PC2 PC3 PC4 PC5 PC6 PC7
## Standard deviation 1.7349 1.30999 1.13698 1.0825 1.02240 0.99886 0.98629
## Proportion of Variance 0.1672 0.09534 0.07182 0.0651 0.05807 0.05543 0.05404
## Cumulative Proportion 0.1672 0.26255 0.33437 0.3995 0.45755 0.51298 0.56702
## PC8 PC9 PC10 PC11 PC12 PC13 PC14
## Standard deviation 0.97709 0.96321 0.92408 0.90971 0.86423 0.83816 0.82889
## Proportion of Variance 0.05304 0.05154 0.04744 0.04598 0.04149 0.03903 0.03817
## Cumulative Proportion 0.62006 0.67160 0.71904 0.76502 0.80651 0.84554 0.88371
## PC15 PC16 PC17 PC18
## Standard deviation 0.80012 0.7625 0.73063 0.58120
## Proportion of Variance 0.03557 0.0323 0.02966 0.01877
## Cumulative Proportion 0.91928 0.9516 0.98123 1.00000The five groups are based on the rank of the PCA score in the
complete-case PCA sample. ntile(..., 5) allocates
households to five groups of approximately equal size. If equal scores
occur at a group boundary, tied scores may be assigned to different
groups; therefore, this is a rank-based classification rather than a set
of unique score cut-offs.
The labels describe relative position within this sample only.
# Initialise the group variable as missing for all households.
eastbackbone_se_wealth_rank$se_hhwealth <- NA_character_
# Rank complete-case households into five groups.
# Group 1 = lowest relative score; Group 5 = highest relative score.
wealth_group_number <- dplyr::ntile(pc1_scores, 5)
# Assign descriptive labels in increasing order of wealth score.
wealth_group_labels <- c(
"Lowest",
"Second",
"Middle",
"Fourth",
"Highest"
)
eastbackbone_se_wealth_rank$se_hhwealth[complete_asset_case] <-
wealth_group_labels[wealth_group_number]
# Set the category order so tables and charts display groups from lowest to highest.
eastbackbone_se_wealth_rank$se_hhwealth <- factor(
eastbackbone_se_wealth_rank$se_hhwealth,
levels = wealth_group_labels,
ordered = TRUE
)
# Inspect the resulting distribution, including households with missing classification.
print(table(eastbackbone_se_wealth_rank$se_hhwealth, useNA = "ifany"))##
## Lowest Second Middle Fourth Highest <NA>
## 305 305 305 304 304 3The first table reports the number and percentage of households in each group and the mean PCA score. The second table reports the loading of each asset on PC1. Loadings help explain how each asset contributes to the component; they should be interpreted alongside the asset coding and the PCA results.
# Summarise the distribution of classified households.
wealth_summary <- eastbackbone_se_wealth_rank %>%
filter(!is.na(se_hhwealth)) %>%
group_by(se_hhwealth, .drop = FALSE) %>%
summarise(
Households = n(),
Percentage = round(100 * n() / sum(complete_asset_case), 1),
Mean_wealth_index = mean(se_wealth_index, na.rm = TRUE),
.groups = "drop"
)
print(wealth_summary)## # A tibble: 5 × 4
## se_hhwealth Households Percentage Mean_wealth_index
## <ord> <int> <dbl> <dbl>
## 1 Lowest 305 20 -1.15
## 2 Second 305 20 -0.949
## 3 Middle 305 20 -0.550
## 4 Fourth 304 20 0.0953
## 5 Highest 304 20 2.56# Create a table of asset loadings on the first principal component.
pca_loadings <- tibble(
Asset = rownames(pca_results$rotation),
PC1_loading = pca_results$rotation[, 1]
) %>%
arrange(desc(PC1_loading))
print(pca_loadings)## # A tibble: 18 × 2
## Asset PC1_loading
## <chr> <dbl>
## 1 asset_tv 0.423
## 2 asset_dvd_cd_player 0.385
## 3 asset_radio 0.314
## 4 asset_refrigerator 0.313
## 5 asset_bicycle 0.296
## 6 asset_motorbike 0.291
## 7 asset_generator 0.229
## 8 asset_goat 0.221
## 9 asset_poultry 0.209
## 10 asset_car 0.198
## 11 asset_trading_depot_shop 0.190
## 12 asset_cattle 0.164
## 13 asset_computer 0.163
## 14 asset_other_livestock 0.146
## 15 asset_agricultural_equipment 0.0685
## 16 asset_agriculture_land 0.0596
## 17 asset_house 0.0303
## 18 asset_truck -0.0128# Calculate the percentage of total variance explained by each component.
variance_explained <- tibble(
Component = paste0("PC", seq_along(pca_results$sdev)),
Eigenvalue = pca_results$sdev^2,
Variance_explained_percent =
100 * (pca_results$sdev^2 / sum(pca_results$sdev^2)),
Cumulative_variance_percent =
cumsum(100 * (pca_results$sdev^2 / sum(pca_results$sdev^2)))
)
print(variance_explained)## # A tibble: 18 × 4
## Component Eigenvalue Variance_explained_percent Cumulative_variance_percent
## <chr> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl>
## 1 PC1 3.01 16.7 16.7
## 2 PC2 1.72 9.53 26.3
## 3 PC3 1.29 7.18 33.4
## 4 PC4 1.17 6.51 39.9
## 5 PC5 1.05 5.81 45.8
## 6 PC6 0.998 5.54 51.3
## 7 PC7 0.973 5.40 56.7
## 8 PC8 0.955 5.30 62.0
## 9 PC9 0.928 5.15 67.2
## 10 PC10 0.854 4.74 71.9
## 11 PC11 0.828 4.60 76.5
## 12 PC12 0.747 4.15 80.7
## 13 PC13 0.703 3.90 84.6
## 14 PC14 0.687 3.82 88.4
## 15 PC15 0.640 3.56 91.9
## 16 PC16 0.581 3.23 95.2
## 17 PC17 0.534 2.97 98.1
## 18 PC18 0.338 1.88 100The following tables provide household counts by district and wealth group, followed by row percentages showing the distribution of wealth groups within each district.
These are unweighted counts and percentages
# Standardise names again to ensure the district variable follows snake_case.
eastbackbone_se_wealth_rank <- eastbackbone_se_wealth_rank %>%
clean_names()
# Set the district variable name. Change this if your actual variable differs.
district_var <- "district"
if (!district_var %in% names(eastbackbone_se_wealth_rank)) {
stop(
"The district variable '", district_var, "' was not found. ",
"Inspect names(eastbackbone_se_wealth_rank) and update district_var."
)
}
# Keep households with both a district value and a wealth group.
district_wealth_data <- eastbackbone_se_wealth_rank %>%
filter(
!is.na(.data[[district_var]]),
!is.na(se_hhwealth)
)
# A. Household counts in each district-by-wealth-group combination.
wealth_district_counts <- district_wealth_data %>%
count(
district = .data[[district_var]],
se_hhwealth,
name = "Households"
) %>%
pivot_wider(
names_from = se_hhwealth,
values_from = Households,
values_fill = 0
) %>%
adorn_totals(where = c("row", "col"))
print(wealth_district_counts)## district Lowest Second Middle Fourth Highest Total
## Dowa 9 11 10 5 6 41
## Kasungu 21 44 30 26 27 148
## Lilongwe 26 33 21 24 19 123
## Mzimba 8 29 17 18 18 90
## Nkhatabay 33 81 65 25 45 249
## Nkhotakota 122 84 101 113 95 515
## Ntchisi 6 9 10 19 17 61
## Salima 80 14 51 74 77 296
## Total 305 305 305 304 304 1523# B. Row percentages: percentage distribution of wealth groups within each district.
wealth_district_percent <- district_wealth_data %>%
count(
district = .data[[district_var]],
se_hhwealth,
name = "Households"
) %>%
group_by(district) %>%
mutate(
Percentage = round(100 * Households / sum(Households), 1)
) %>%
ungroup() %>%
select(district, se_hhwealth, Percentage) %>%
pivot_wider(
names_from = se_hhwealth,
values_from = Percentage,
values_fill = 0
)
print(wealth_district_percent)## # A tibble: 8 × 6
## district Lowest Second Middle Fourth Highest
## <chr> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl>
## 1 Dowa 22 26.8 24.4 12.2 14.6
## 2 Kasungu 14.2 29.7 20.3 17.6 18.2
## 3 Lilongwe 21.1 26.8 17.1 19.5 15.4
## 4 Mzimba 8.9 32.2 18.9 20 20
## 5 Nkhatabay 13.3 32.5 26.1 10 18.1
## 6 Nkhotakota 23.7 16.3 19.6 21.9 18.4
## 7 Ntchisi 9.8 14.8 16.4 31.1 27.9
## 8 Salima 27 4.7 17.2 25 26The workbook contains the household-level results, wealth-group summary, PCA loadings, variance explained, missingness summaries, sample inclusion summary, and district breakdowns. The workbook is overwritten if it already exists.
# Define the output workbook name.
output_file <- "Eastern_Backbone_Wealth_Quintiles.xlsx"
# Create a new workbook and add one worksheet for each output table.
wb <- createWorkbook()
addWorksheet(wb, "Wealth_Results")
writeData(wb, "Wealth_Results", eastbackbone_se_wealth_rank)
addWorksheet(wb, "Wealth_Summary")
writeData(wb, "Wealth_Summary", wealth_summary)
addWorksheet(wb, "PCA_Loadings")
writeData(wb, "PCA_Loadings", pca_loadings)
addWorksheet(wb, "Variance_Explained")
writeData(wb, "Variance_Explained", variance_explained)
addWorksheet(wb, "Missing_Counts")
writeData(wb, "Missing_Counts", missing_summary)
addWorksheet(wb, "Missing_Percent")
writeData(wb, "Missing_Percent", missing_percent)
addWorksheet(wb, "PCA_Sample")
writeData(wb, "PCA_Sample", pca_sample_summary)
addWorksheet(wb, "Wealth_by_District")
writeData(wb, "Wealth_by_District", wealth_district_counts)
addWorksheet(wb, "Wealth_District_Pct")
writeData(wb, "Wealth_District_Pct", wealth_district_percent)
# Save all output tables to the Excel workbook.
saveWorkbook(
wb,
file = output_file,
overwrite = TRUE
)
message("Analysis outputs saved to: ", normalizePath(output_file))## Analysis outputs saved to: C:\Users\user\Documents\PERSON\DATECH RESEARCH CONSULTANCY\Eastern_Backbone\Eastern_Backbone_Wealth_Quintiles.xlsxThese checks help confirm the number of classified households, verify that the wealth groups are ordered as intended, and document the proportion of households excluded from PCA due to missing asset data.
# Confirm the number of records and number with a wealth score.
cat("Total households in source data: ",
nrow(eastbackbone_se_wealth_rank), "\n")## Total households in source data: 1526cat("Households with PCA wealth scores: ",
sum(!is.na(eastbackbone_se_wealth_rank$se_wealth_index)), "\n")## Households with PCA wealth scores: 1523cat("Households without PCA wealth scores: ",
sum(is.na(eastbackbone_se_wealth_rank$se_wealth_index)), "\n")## Households without PCA wealth scores: 3# Check that the five groups are present and display their percentages.
wealth_distribution_check <- eastbackbone_se_wealth_rank %>%
filter(!is.na(se_hhwealth)) %>%
count(se_hhwealth, name = "Households") %>%
mutate(
Percentage = round(100 * Households / sum(Households), 1)
)
print(wealth_distribution_check)## # A tibble: 5 × 3
## se_hhwealth Households Percentage
## <ord> <int> <dbl>
## 1 Lowest 305 20
## 2 Second 305 20
## 3 Middle 305 20
## 4 Fourth 304 20
## 5 Highest 304 20# Confirm that the household-level wealth score and group are aligned.
stopifnot(
all(
is.na(eastbackbone_se_wealth_rank$se_wealth_index) ==
is.na(eastbackbone_se_wealth_rank$se_hhwealth)
)
)