How are major international ports distributed across countries and regions?

Importing and Exploring Data for major ports

major_ports<-read_csv("major_ports.csv")
## Rows: 177 Columns: 7
## ── Column specification ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
## Delimiter: ","
## chr (4): Postal, Type, ISO3, REGION
## dbl (3): OBJECTID, Lat, Lng
## 
## ℹ Use `spec()` to retrieve the full column specification for this data.
## ℹ Specify the column types or set `show_col_types = FALSE` to quiet this message.
names(major_ports)
## [1] "OBJECTID" "Postal"   "Lat"      "Lng"      "Type"     "ISO3"     "REGION"
major_ports <- major_ports %>%
  rename(Country = ISO3)

Top 5 Regions

region_ports <- major_ports %>%
  group_by(REGION) %>%
  summarize(number_of_ports = n()) %>%
  arrange(desc(number_of_ports))

print(paste("The top 5 regions by number of major ports are:"))
## [1] "The top 5 regions by number of major ports are:"
head(region_ports, 5)
## # A tibble: 5 × 2
##   REGION                     number_of_ports
##   <chr>                                <int>
## 1 Latin America & Caribbean               49
## 2 Sub-Saharan Africa                      42
## 3 East Asia & Pacific                     28
## 4 South Asia                              22
## 5 Middle East & North Africa              13

Number of Ports by Type

port_type <- major_ports %>%
  count(Type)

print(paste("The number of major ports by type is:"))
## [1] "The number of major ports by type is:"
port_type
## # A tibble: 2 × 2
##   Type        n
##   <chr>   <int>
## 1 Bulk       65
## 2 General   112

Port Type distribution across the top 5 regions

port_typeR <- major_ports %>%
  group_by(REGION, Type) %>%
  summarize(number_of_ports = n()) %>%
  arrange(desc(number_of_ports))
## `summarise()` has regrouped the output.
## ℹ Summaries were computed grouped by REGION and Type.
## ℹ Output is grouped by REGION.
## ℹ Use `summarise(.groups = "drop_last")` to silence this message.
## ℹ Use `summarise(.by = c(REGION, Type))` for per-operation grouping
##   (`?dplyr::dplyr_by`) instead.
top5_port_typeR <- port_typeR %>%
  subset(REGION %in% head(region_ports$REGION, 5))

print(paste("The number of General and Bulk ports across the top 5 regions is:"))
## [1] "The number of General and Bulk ports across the top 5 regions is:"
top5_port_typeR
## # A tibble: 10 × 3
## # Groups:   REGION [5]
##    REGION                     Type    number_of_ports
##    <chr>                      <chr>             <int>
##  1 Latin America & Caribbean  General              34
##  2 Sub-Saharan Africa         General              29
##  3 East Asia & Pacific        General              15
##  4 Latin America & Caribbean  Bulk                 15
##  5 East Asia & Pacific        Bulk                 13
##  6 Sub-Saharan Africa         Bulk                 13
##  7 South Asia                 Bulk                 11
##  8 South Asia                 General              11
##  9 Middle East & North Africa General               9
## 10 Middle East & North Africa Bulk                  4

General vs Bulk ports across the top 5 regions.

ggplot(top5_port_typeR, aes(x = REGION, y = number_of_ports, fill = Type)) +
  geom_col() +
  coord_flip() +
  labs(
    title = "General vs. Bulk Ports: Top 5 Regions",
    x = "Region",
    y = "Number of Ports",
    fill = "Port Type"
  )

## Top 5 Countries

country_ports <- major_ports %>%
  group_by(Country) %>%
  summarize(number_of_ports = n()) %>%
  arrange(desc(number_of_ports))

print(paste("The top 5 countries by number of major ports are:"))
## [1] "The top 5 countries by number of major ports are:"
head(country_ports, 5)
## # A tibble: 5 × 2
##   Country number_of_ports
##   <chr>             <int>
## 1 IND                  15
## 2 BRA                  14
## 3 PHL                  10
## 4 VNM                   7
## 5 COL                   6

Key Insights

# 1. The distribution of major international ports varies across regions. Latin America & Caribbean has the most major ports with 49, followed by Sub-Saharan Africa, then East Asia & Pacific.

# 2. In terms of port distribution across countries: India has the most major ports, followed by Brazil, then Philippines.

# 3.The number of General and Bulk ports is generally similar across the top five regions, except in the Middle East & North Africa, where there are more General ports than Bulk ports.