library(dplyr)

## 
## Attaching package: 'dplyr'

## The following objects are masked from 'package:stats':
## 
##     filter, lag

## The following objects are masked from 'package:base':
## 
##     intersect, setdiff, setequal, union

library(effectsize)
library(effsize)
library(readxl)
library(ggpubr)

## Loading required package: ggplot2

A6Q4 <- read_excel("C:/Users/atgoo/Downloads/A6Q4.xlsx")
A6Q4 %>%
  group_by(Exercise) %>%
  summarise(
    Mean = mean(Weight, na.rm = TRUE),
    Median = median(Weight, na.rm = TRUE),
    SD = sd(Weight, na.rm = TRUE),
    N = n()
)    

## # A tibble: 2 × 5
##   Exercise  Mean Median    SD     N
##   <chr>    <dbl>  <dbl> <dbl> <int>
## 1 lift     120.   116.   53.3    25
## 2 nolift    33.0   40.8  56.7    25

hist(A6Q4$Weight[A6Q4$Exercise == "nolift"],
     breaks = 15,
     col = "skyblue",
     border = "white")

hist(A6Q4$Weight[A6Q4$Exercise == "lift"],
    breaks = 15,
    col = "firebrick",
    border = "white")

#Data for nolift appears abnormally distributed.
#Data for lift appears abnormally distributed.

ggboxplot(A6Q4, x = "Exercise", y = "Weight",
          color = "Exercise",
          palette = "jco",
          add = "jitter")

# The nolift boxplot does have  outliers.
# The lift boxplot does have  outliers.

shapiro.test(A6Q4$Weight[A6Q4$Exercise == "nolift"])

## 
##  Shapiro-Wilk normality test
## 
## data:  A6Q4$Weight[A6Q4$Exercise == "nolift"]
## W = 0.70002, p-value = 7.294e-06

shapiro.test(A6Q4$Weight[A6Q4$Exercise == "lift"])

## 
##  Shapiro-Wilk normality test
## 
## data:  A6Q4$Weight[A6Q4$Exercise == "lift"]
## W = 0.78786, p-value = 0.0001436

#The nolift is abnormally distributed, (p < .05).
#The lift is abnormally distributed, (p < .05).

wilcox.test(Weight ~ Exercise, data = A6Q4)

## 
##  Wilcoxon rank sum exact test
## 
## data:  Weight by Exercise
## W = 603, p-value = 7.132e-11
## alternative hypothesis: true location shift is not equal to 0

mw_effect <- cliff.delta(Weight ~ Exercise, data = A6Q4)
print(mw_effect)

## 
## Cliff's Delta
## 
## delta estimate: 0.9296 (large)
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##     lower     upper 
## 0.7993841 0.9764036

#A Mann-Whitney U test was conducted to determine if there was a difference in weight between nolift and lift.
#Nolift scores (Mdn = 40.8) were significantly different from lift scores (Mdn = 116.0), W = 603, p < .001
#The effect size was large, Cliff's Delta = .93.