homework 4..

library(tidyverse)

## ── Attaching core tidyverse packages ──────────────────────── tidyverse 2.0.0 ──
## ✔ dplyr     1.2.1     ✔ readr     2.2.0
## ✔ forcats   1.0.1     ✔ stringr   1.6.0
## ✔ ggplot2   4.0.3     ✔ tibble    3.3.1
## ✔ lubridate 1.9.5     ✔ tidyr     1.3.2
## ✔ purrr     1.2.2     
## ── Conflicts ────────────────────────────────────────── tidyverse_conflicts() ──
## ✖ dplyr::filter() masks stats::filter()
## ✖ dplyr::lag()    masks stats::lag()
## ℹ Use the conflicted package (<http://conflicted.r-lib.org/>) to force all conflicts to become errors

library(readxl)

data<-read_excel("county.health.rankings.2025.xlsx")

summary(data$`LBW unreliable indicator (Unreliable = Numerator < 20 or relative standard error > 20%)`)

##    Length  N.unique   N.blank Min.nchar Max.nchar 
##      3205         3         0         1         9

summary(data$"low birth weight raw value")

## Warning: Unknown or uninitialised column: `low birth weight raw value`.

## Length  Class   Mode 
##      0   NULL   NULL

summary(data$'Low Birth Weight raw value')

##    Length  N.unique   N.blank Min.nchar Max.nchar       NAs 
##      3205      2985         0         3        21       109

hist(as.numeric(data$'Broadband Access raw value'))

## Warning in hist(as.numeric(data$"Broadband Access raw value")): NAs introduced
## by coercion

plot(as.numeric(data$'Broadband Access raw value'),as.numeric(data$'Low Birth Weight raw value'))

## Warning in plot(as.numeric(data$"Broadband Access raw value"),
## as.numeric(data$"Low Birth Weight raw value")): NAs introduced by coercion

## Warning in xy.coords(x, y, xlabel, ylabel, log): NAs introduced by coercion

cor(as.numeric(data$'Broadband Access raw value'),as.numeric(data$'Low Birth Weight raw value'))

## Warning in is.data.frame(y): NAs introduced by coercion

## Warning in is.data.frame(x): NAs introduced by coercion

## [1] NA

cor(as.numeric(data$'Broadband Access raw value'), as.numeric(data$'Low Birth Weight raw value'), use = "complete.obs")

## Warning in is.data.frame(y): NAs introduced by coercion

## Warning in is.data.frame(x): NAs introduced by coercion

## [1] -0.3771428