Bosnia and Herzegovina, Vares, Public Climate Data
Quick Meteorological Overview
1 Introduction
This document presents a general meteorological screening review, prepared by WSP as an illustrative example of the type of high-level assessment that can be developed using publicly available data sources.
The review draws exclusively on open, publicly accessible datasets, including ground station records from the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), the NASA MERRA-2 reanalysis product, SRTM topographic data, and CMIP6-based climate projections. This allows for a transparent and reproducible overview that demonstrates the general framework and methods typically used in early-stage meteorological screening.
| Location | Longitude | Latitude | Elevation |
|---|---|---|---|
| Site | 18.37 | 44.15 | 1050 |
2 SOURCES
2.1 NOAA
Local meteorological station records from publicly available National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) databases: Global Historical Climatology Network Database (GHCND) and Global Surface Summary of the Day (GSOD) were obtained to implement the site data. These stations typically compile precipitation and temperature daily records. A radius of about ~ 100 km around the site was used as an area of interest to compile these meteorological records.
From NOAA, the amount of information in the region of interest is limited. Most of the relevant records present a gap of information after 1990. Meteorological stations with records less than 5years were removed. Records from NOAA have been complemented with Land precipitation and temperature records.
| ID | NAME | dataset | LATITUDE | LONGITUDE | elevation_m | date_from | date_to | distance_km |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GHCND:BKM00014652 | BJELASNICA, BK | GHCND | 44.07 | 18.27 | 2067 | 1897-10-01 | 2026-09-05 | 12.31 |
| GHCND:BKM00014654 | SARAJEVO, BK | GHCND | 43.87 | 18.42 | 630 | 1901-01-01 | 2026-09-05 | 31.83 |
| 99912099999 | GECONSFOR RAJLOVAC | GSOD | 43.87 | 18.3 | 494 | 2001-11-26 | 2002-06-12 | 32.04 |
| 13354099999 | SARAJEVO & | GSOD | 43.87 | 18.43 | 637 | 1975-10-04 | 1992-09-14 | 32.04 |
| 14654099999 | SARAJEVO-BJELAVE | GSOD | 43.87 | 18.43 | 638 | 1998-10-12 | 2025-08-24 | 32.04 |
| 13353099999 | SARAJEVO | GSOD | 43.83 | 18.33 | 520.6 | 1936-01-02 | 2025-08-24 | 36.38 |
| 13353599999 | SARAJEVO/BUTMIR | GSOD | 43.82 | 18.35 | 511 | 1994-10-07 | 1995-01-24 | 37.18 |
| 13249099999 | ZENICA | GSOD | 44.22 | 17.9 | 344 | 1989-09-07 | 1995-02-27 | 37.9 |
| 14549099999 | ZENICA | GSOD | 44.22 | 17.9 | 348 | 1998-10-12 | 2025-08-24 | 37.9 |
| 13351099999 | SJELASNICA | GSOD | 43.72 | 18.27 | 2070 | 1957-01-24 | 1959-07-31 | 48.93 |
| 13352099999 | BJELASNICA MTN RNG | GSOD | 43.72 | 18.27 | 2067 | 1973-03-02 | 1993-02-03 | 48.93 |
| 14652099999 | BJELASNICA | GSOD | 43.72 | 18.27 | 2070 | 1999-10-29 | 2025-08-20 | 48.93 |
| 14650099999 | IVAN SEDLO | GSOD | 43.77 | 18.03 | 972 | 2001-07-05 | 2025-08-22 | 50.36 |
2.2 SRTM
Information obtained indirectly as a CGIAR-SRTM (90 m resolution), this topography covers an extension from 60 deg Lat North / South. For area beyond these limitations, it is recommend to use ArticDEM or another topographical source.
2.3 MERRA2
MERRA2 (Modern-Era Retrospective analysis from Research and Applications, Version 2) from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). MERRA includes daily data from 1981 to present (2026) for the entire world, based on a 0.5 degree latitude by 0.5 degree longitude grid, these records were obtained daily.
This analysis upscale the topographical information to match MERRA2 grid size (~50 x 50 km); also total precipitation is divided in rainfall and snowfall as a daily timeseries for every MERRA2 grid. This support some understanding of local / regional rainfall and snowfall.
It is recommended to use MERRA2 as a general overview; however, based on the analysis, these records can be complemented with. ERA5, ERA5-Land, PERSIANN, PERSIANN-CDR, PERSIANN-CCS, CHIRPS, and other local reanalysis sources depending on the geographical location.
2.3.1 Mean Ann.
2.3.2 TS
Time series from MERRA2 at location
3 Total Precipitation
3.1 DWI
3.2 Monthly Corr.
3.3 Annual Relations
3.4 Annual Map
4 Air Temperature
4.1 DWI
4.2 Monthly Corr.
4.3 Annual Relations
4.4 Annual Map
5 Runoff
| code | name | river | country | Lat | Long | Elev | Catch | distance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6545700 | PRIJEPOLJE | LIM (TRIB. SAVA) | RS | 43.37 | 19.64 | 443 | 3160 | 134.3 |
| 6547200 | LEPOSAVIC | IBAR | RS | 43.11 | 20.8 | 445 | 4701 | 228.5 |
| 6442300 | KURD | KAPOS | HU | 46.45 | 18.32 | 104 | 2119 | 255.5 |
| 6744400 | SAG | TIMIS | RO | 45.65 | 21.18 | 477 | 4493 | 277.2 |
| 6545500 | METLIKA | KOLPA | SI | 45.63 | 15.32 | 127.2 | 2002 | 291.4 |
| 6545200 | PODBOCJE | KRKA | SI | 45.86 | 15.46 | 146.3 | 2238 | 298.1 |
| 6442100 | ZALAAPATI | ZALA | HU | 46.73 | 17.12 | 106 | 1528 | 303.2 |
| 6546810 | ZAMUSANI 1 | PESNICA | SI | 46.41 | 16.03 | 201.9 | 478 | 311 |
| 6545501 | PETRINA | KOLPA | SI | 45.46 | 14.85 | 219.7 | 460 | 313.9 |
| 6545120 | GABRJE 1 | MIRNA | SI | 45.99 | 15.21 | 212.1 | 268 | 321.3 |
6 Climate Change
6.1 Figures
6.2 Air Temperature
| par | name | description |
|---|---|---|
| tasmax | Average Maximum Surface Air Temperature | Average daily maximum temperature over the aggregation period |
| tas | Average Mean Surface Air Temperature | Average mean temperature over the aggregation period |
| tasmin | Average Minimum Surface Air Temperature | Average daily minimum temperature over the aggregation period |
| txx | Maximum of Daily Max-Temperature | The single-day maximum value of the daily maximum temperatures over the aggregated data period. |
| tnn | Minimum of Daily Min-Temperature | The single-day minimum value of the daily minimum temperatures over the aggregated data period. |
| fd | Number of Frost Days (Tmin < 0°C) | The average aggregated number of days where the daily minimum temperature is < 0°C (= Frost Days) in the data period. A negative value indicates a reduction in the number of Frost Days. |
| tr | Number of Tropical Nights (T-min > 20°C) | The number of days where the daily minimum temperature remained >= 20°C over the aggregation period. |
| tr23 | Number of Tropical Nights (T-min > 23°C) | The number of days where the daily minimum temperature remained >= 23°C over the aggregation period. |
| tx84rr | Temperature-based Excess Mortality | Excess mortality risk factor for daily maximum temperatures > 84th percentile of maximum temperatures in reference period. |
6.3 Total Precipitation
| par | name | description |
|---|---|---|
| rx1day | Average Largest 1-Day Precipitation | The average highest precipitation amount in a 1-day period during each month in the data period. |
| cdd | Max Number of Consecutive Dry Days | The maximum length of a dry spell, computed sequentially for the entire time series, then taking the maximum value during each month in the data period (a dry day is defined as any day in which the daily accumulated precipitation < 1 mm) |
| cwd | Max Number of Consecutive Wet Days | This series measures the maximum length of a wet spell, computed sequentially for the entire time series, then taking the maximum value during each month in the data period (a wet day is defined as any day in which the daily accumulated precipitation ≥ 1 mm). |
| r20mm | Number of Days with Precipitation >20mm | The number of heavy precipitation days during the aggregation period. A heavy precipitation day is defined as any day in which the daily accumulated precipitation is ≥ 20 mm. |
| r50mm | Number of Days with Precipitation >50mm | The number of very heavy precipitation days during the aggregation period. A very heavy precipitation day for r50mm is defined as any day in which the daily accumulated precipitation is ≥ 50 mm. |
| pr | Precipitation | Aggregated accumulated precipitation. |
6.4 Other Parameters
| par | name | description |
|---|---|---|
| spei12 | Annual SPEI Drought Index | The annual Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index represents a measure of the integrated water deficit in a location, taking into account the contribution of temperature-dependent evapotranspiration. The integration period is 12 months. |
| gsl | Growing Season Length | Span in number of days between the days defining the Growing Season Start and Growing Season End (see below) computed across each of the two hemispheres. |
| hicat | Heat Index Heat Risk Categorization | Categorization of the occurrence of days above four thresholds for designated Heat Risk Variable. Heat Index Risk Categorization includes, heat index: 35°C, 37°C, 39°C, and 41°C. If at least 0.5 day surpassed the highest threshold, then the highest category is given, reflecting that ‘at minimum one day of the year experienced the highest heat level’. Risk Factor Categorization: 0-4 represents Low - Extreme Risk. |
| hurs | Relative Humidity | Based on daily mean relative humidity at 2m as reported by climate models, or derived from specific humidity reported by climate models. |
| trcat | Tropical Night Heat Risk Categorization | Categorization of the occurrence of days above four thresholds for designated Heat Risk Variable. Tropical Night Risk Categorization includes, nighttime minimum temperature: 20°C, 23°C, 26°C, and 29°C. If at least 0.5 day surpassed the highest threshold, then the highest category is given, reflecting that ‘at minimum one day of the year experienced the highest heat level’. Risk Factor Categorization: 0-4 represents Low - Extreme Risk. |
| wsdi | Warm Spell Duration Index | The number of days in a sequence of at least six consecutive days during which the value of the daily maximum temperature is greater than the 90th percentile of daily maximum temperature calculated for a five-day window centered on each calendar day, using all data for the given calendar day-pentad from the data period for a reference climate. |
7 Synthesis
Information at the site based on MERRA2. As a surface water analysis, you have to consider this work as a simple overview; which assumes MERRA2 is representative of this location.
This analysis does not include or considers snow capture efficiency; which it should change or modified local snowfall estimations.
7.1 Climograph
| Station | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Ann |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| prcp | 73.2 | 65.7 | 71.7 | 69.1 | 75.9 | 76.5 | 55 | 56.9 | 74.6 | 75.3 | 97.1 | 86.6 | 877.8 |
| rain | 42 | 36.8 | 51.1 | 65.6 | 75.9 | 76.5 | 55 | 56.9 | 74.6 | 73.3 | 79.5 | 57.5 | 744.7 |
| snow | 31.2 | 28.9 | 20.6 | 3.6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 17.6 | 29.1 | 133.1 |
| rh | 90.6 | 88 | 83.2 | 78.8 | 76.7 | 73.5 | 65.8 | 62.3 | 70.7 | 78.7 | 86.6 | 90.1 | 78.8 |
| ssrd | 5.4 | 8 | 11.8 | 15.4 | 19.2 | 22 | 22.7 | 19.8 | 14.4 | 9.8 | 5.8 | 4.4 | 13.2 |
| tavg | -1.7 | -0.7 | 2.8 | 7.3 | 12.3 | 16.3 | 18.8 | 19.1 | 14.3 | 9.6 | 4.1 | -0.3 | 8.5 |
| tdew | -3.2 | -2.7 | -0.1 | 3.4 | 7.7 | 10.9 | 11.3 | 10.4 | 8 | 5.4 | 1.8 | -1.9 | 4.3 |
| tmax | 2.6 | 3.9 | 8.1 | 13 | 17.8 | 21.7 | 24.9 | 26 | 20.9 | 15.8 | 9 | 3.8 | 14 |
| tmin | -5.1 | -4.5 | -1.5 | 2.2 | 6.9 | 10.7 | 12.7 | 12.8 | 8.8 | 4.8 | 0.4 | -3.4 | 3.7 |
| ws | 0.9 | 1 | 0.9 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.8 | 0.7 |
7.2 Climate Class.
