Menyimpan Data dalam Variabel (Fungsi c) dan Mengeksekusinya

simpan = c (10, 20, 40, 15, 40)
simpan
## [1] 10 20 40 15 40

Mengakses Nilai Data dalam Variabel secara Individual

simpan = c (10, 20, 40, 15, 40)
simpan[3]
## [1] 40
simpan[4]
## [1] 15
simpan = c (10, 20, 40, 15, 40)
simpan[4]
## [1] 15
simpan[c(1,3,4)]
## [1] 10 40 15
simpan[2:4]
## [1] 20 40 15

Mengubah Nilai Data dalam Variabel

simpan = c (10, 20, 40, 15, 40)
simpan
## [1] 10 20 40 15 40
simpan[3]=100
simpan[4]=10000
simpan
## [1]    10    20   100 10000    40

Menghapus Nilai Data dalam Variabel

NILAI = c (10, 40, 45, 30, 80)
NILAI
## [1] 10 40 45 30 80
NILAI = NILAI[-3]
NILAI
## [1] 10 40 30 80
NILAI = NILAI[-4]
NILAI
## [1] 10 40 30
NILAI = NILAI[c(-1,-3)]
NILAI
## [1] 40

Penggunaan Operator > (Lebih Besar Dari)

NILAI = c (100, 95, 70, 80, 25, 60, 80, 60, 55, 90)
NILAI
##  [1] 100  95  70  80  25  60  80  60  55  90
NILAI[NILAI > 80]
## [1] 100  95  90

Penggunaan Operator < (Lebih Kecil Dari)

NILAI = c (100, 95, 70, 80, 25, 60, 80, 60, 55, 90)
NILAI
##  [1] 100  95  70  80  25  60  80  60  55  90
NILAI[NILAI < 70]
## [1] 25 60 60 55

Penggunaan Operator & (Dan)

NILAI = c (100, 95, 70, 80, 25, 60, 80, 60, 55, 90)
NILAI
##  [1] 100  95  70  80  25  60  80  60  55  90
NILAI[NILAI > 60 & NILAI < 80]
## [1] 70

Penggunaan Operator | (Atau)

NILAI = c (100, 95, 70, 80, 25, 60, 80, 60, 55, 90)
NILAI
##  [1] 100  95  70  80  25  60  80  60  55  90
NILAI[NILAI > 80 | NILAI < 30]
## [1] 100  95  25  90

Lebih Lanjut Penggunaan Operator < (Lebih Kecil Dari)

NILAI = c (100, 95, 70, 80, 25, 60, 80, 60, 55, 90)
NILAI
##  [1] 100  95  70  80  25  60  80  60  55  90
NILAI[NILAI < 75]
## [1] 70 25 60 60 55
NILAI
##  [1] 100  95  70  80  25  60  80  60  55  90

Lebih Lanjut Penggunaan Operator > (Lebih Besar Dari)

NILAI = c (100, 95, 70, 80, 25, 60, 80, 60, 55, 90)
NILAI
##  [1] 100  95  70  80  25  60  80  60  55  90
NILAI[NILAI > 90]
## [1] 100  95
NILAI
##  [1] 100  95  70  80  25  60  80  60  55  90

Contoh Sederhana Penggunaan dari Bahasa Pemrograman R

fungsi=function(x)
{
  for(i in 1  : length(x))
  {
    if(x[i]<65)
    {
      x[i]=x[i]+10;
    }
    print(x[i])
  }
}
A=c(100, 95, 70, 80, 25, 60, 80, 60, 55, 90)
fungsi(A)
## [1] 100
## [1] 95
## [1] 70
## [1] 80
## [1] 35
## [1] 70
## [1] 80
## [1] 70
## [1] 65
## [1] 90

Jenis Data R

mode(1000)
## [1] "numeric"
simpan=c(1000)
mode(simpan)
## [1] "numeric"
mode("HALO")
## [1] "character"
simpan=c("HALO")
mode(simpan)
## [1] "character"
d=c(F)
d
## [1] FALSE
a=c(T)
a
## [1] TRUE
mode(d)
## [1] "logical"
mode(a)
## [1] "logical"
kuadrat=function(x)
{
  print(x*x);
}
A=c(4)
kuadrat(A)
## [1] 16
mode(kuadrat)
## [1] "function"

Operator Penjumlahan +, Pengurangan -, Perkalian *, Pembagian /, Pangkat ^, Sisa %%

A=c(1,2,3)
B=c(4,5,6)
C=A+B
C
## [1] 5 7 9
A=c(1,2,3)
B=2+A
B
## [1] 3 4 5
A=c(2,4,6)
B=c(1,3,5)
B-A
## [1] -1 -1 -1
A=c(4,8,12)
A*0.5
## [1] 2 4 6
A=c(4,8,12)
B=c(2,2,2)
A/B
## [1] 2 4 6
A=c(3,6,1)
B=c(2,2,0)
A^B
## [1]  9 36  1
A=c(5,2,7)
B=c(3,2,6)
C=A%%B
C
## [1] 2 0 1

Fungsi length

A=c(100, 70, 80, 55, 80, 70, 80)
length(A)
## [1] 7

Fungsi sort

A=c(70, 80, 50, 25, 100, 60)
sort(A)
## [1]  25  50  60  70  80 100

Fungsi diff

A=c(100, 50, 70, 80, 60)
diff(A)
## [1] -50  20  10 -20

Fungsi sum

A=c(50, 60, 70, 80)
sum(A)
## [1] 260

Fungsi sqrt

a=sqrt(81)
a
## [1] 9
b=sqrt(a)
b
## [1] 3

Fungsi max dan min

A=c(10, 25, 90, 75, 95, 57)
max(A)
## [1] 95
min(A)
## [1] 10

Fungsi exp

exp(1)
## [1] 2.718282
exp(2)
## [1] 7.389056

Fungsi pi

pi
## [1] 3.141593

Fungsi options

options(digits=3)
pi
## [1] 3.14
options(digits=10)
pi
## [1] 3.141592654

Fungsi seq

seq(from=1, to=10)
##  [1]  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10
seq(from=2, by=0.5, length.out=4)
## [1] 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5
panggil=function(x,y,z)
{
  a=x;
  print(a);
  for(i in x :z)
  {
    a=a+y;
    if(a>z)
    {
      break;
    }
    print(a);
  }
}
panggil(2,3,30)
## [1] 2
## [1] 5
## [1] 8
## [1] 11
## [1] 14
## [1] 17
## [1] 20
## [1] 23
## [1] 26
## [1] 29
seq(2,30,3)
##  [1]  2  5  8 11 14 17 20 23 26 29

Fungsi table

A=c(10, 10 , 30,  10, 30, 10, 10, 40, 40, 70, 90, 70, 80, 60, 60, 90)
table(A)
## A
## 10 30 40 60 70 80 90 
##  5  2  2  2  2  1  2
table(A)/length(A)
## A
##     10     30     40     60     70     80     90 
## 0.3125 0.1250 0.1250 0.1250 0.1250 0.0625 0.1250
hasil=c("ya", "tidak", "ya", "ya", "ya", "ya", "tidak", "ya", "tidak", "ya")
table(hasil)
## hasil
## tidak    ya 
##     3     7
table(hasil)/length(hasil)
## hasil
## tidak    ya 
##   0.3   0.7

Fungsi factor

A=c("ikan", "ikan", "udang", "ikan", "udang", "ikan", "ikan", "udang")
factor(A)
## [1] ikan  ikan  udang ikan  udang ikan  ikan  udang
## Levels: ikan udang
A=c("sarjana", "diploma", "sarjana", "pengangguran", "sarjana", "diploma", "diploma", "pengangguran")
factor(A)
## [1] sarjana      diploma      sarjana      pengangguran sarjana     
## [6] diploma      diploma      pengangguran
## Levels: diploma pengangguran sarjana

Fungsi barplot

A=c(10,10,10,10,20,20,30,30,30,30,30,30)
barplot(table(A))

barplot(table(A)/length(A))

# Fungsi plot

A=c(10,10,10,10,10,20,20,20,30,30,40)
table(A)
## A
## 10 20 30 40 
##  5  3  2  1
nilai=c(10,20,30,40)
frekuensi=c(5,3,2,1)
plot(nilai,frekuensi)

A=c(10,10,10,10,10,20,20,20,30,30,40)
plot(table(A))