A6Q4

library(readxl)
library(ggpubr)

## Loading required package: ggplot2

library(dplyr)

## 
## Attaching package: 'dplyr'

## The following objects are masked from 'package:stats':
## 
##     filter, lag

## The following objects are masked from 'package:base':
## 
##     intersect, setdiff, setequal, union

library(effectsize)
library(effsize)

library(readxl)
A6Q4 <- read_excel("C:/Users/edavi/OneDrive/Desktop/A6Q4.xlsx")
View(A6Q4)

A6Q4%>%group_by(Exercise)%>%summarise(Mean=mean(Weight,na.rm=TRUE),Median=median(Weight,na.rm=TRUE),SD=sd(Weight,na.rm=TRUE),N=n())

## # A tibble: 2 × 5
##   Exercise  Mean Median    SD     N
##   <chr>    <dbl>  <dbl> <dbl> <int>
## 1 lift     120.   116.   53.3    25
## 2 nolift    33.0   40.8  56.7    25

A tibble: 2 × 5 Exercise Mean Median SD N 1 lift 120. 116. 53.3 25 2 nolift 33.0 40.8 56.7 25

hist(A6Q4$Weight[A6Q4$Exercise=="nolift"],main="Histogram of No Lift Weight",xlab="Value",ylab="Frequency",col="lightblue",border="black",breaks=10)

hist(A6Q4$Weight[A6Q4$Exercise=="lift"],main="Histogram of Lift Weight",xlab="Value",ylab="Frequency",col="lightgreen",border="black",breaks=10)

Group 1: No Lift The first variable looks abnormally distributed. The data is negatively skewed. The data does not have a proper bell curve.

Group 2: Lift The second variable looks abnormally distributed. The second variable is positively skewed The data does not have a proper bell curve.

ggboxplot(A6Q4,x="Exercise",y="Weight",color="Exercise",palette="jco",add="jitter")

Boxplot 1: No Lift There are dots outside the boxplot. The dots are not close to the whiskers. The dots are very far away from the whiskers. The outliers are not balanced. Based on these findings, the boxplot is not normal.

Boxplot 2: Lift There are dots outside the boxplot. The dots are not close to the whiskers. The dots are very far away from the whiskers. The outliers are not balanced. Based on these findings, the boxplot is not normal.

shapiro.test(A6Q4$Weight[A6Q4$Exercise=="nolift"])

## 
##  Shapiro-Wilk normality test
## 
## data:  A6Q4$Weight[A6Q4$Exercise == "nolift"]
## W = 0.70002, p-value = 7.294e-06

Shapiro-Wilk normality test

data: A6Q4\(Weight[A6Q4\)Exercise == “nolift”] W = 0.70002, p-value = 7.294e-06

shapiro.test(A6Q4$Weight[A6Q4$Exercise=="lift"])

## 
##  Shapiro-Wilk normality test
## 
## data:  A6Q4$Weight[A6Q4$Exercise == "lift"]
## W = 0.78786, p-value = 0.0001436

Shapiro-Wilk normality test

data: A6Q4\(Weight[A6Q4\)Exercise == “lift”] W = 0.78786, p-value = 0.0001436

Group 1: No Lift The first group is abnormally distributed, (p = 7.294e-06)

Group 2: Lift The second group is abnormally distributed, (p = .0001436)

wilcox.test(Weight~Exercise,data=A6Q4)

## 
##  Wilcoxon rank sum exact test
## 
## data:  Weight by Exercise
## W = 603, p-value = 7.132e-11
## alternative hypothesis: true location shift is not equal to 0

Wilcoxon rank sum exact test

data: Weight by Exercise W = 603, p-value = 7.132e-11 alternative hypothesis: true location shift is not equal to 0

mw_effect<-cliff.delta(Weight~Exercise,data=A6Q4)
print(mw_effect)

## 
## Cliff's Delta
## 
## delta estimate: 0.9296 (large)
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##     lower     upper 
## 0.7993841 0.9764036

Cliff’s Delta

delta estimate: 0.9296 (large) 95 percent confidence interval: lower upper 0.7993841 0.9764036

A Mann-Whitney U test was conducted to determine if there was a difference in Weight between those who lift and those who do not lift. No lift scores (Mdn = 40.8) were significantly different from lift scores (Mdn = 116), U = 603, p < .001. The effect size was large, Cliff’s Delta = .93.