Sleep Study

Author

Michael C

Published

July 27, 2026

Summary Statistics

library(psych) #call psych

df = sleep #assign dataset to object df

psych::describe(df
         ) #run summary statistics using the describe(df) function
       vars  n mean   sd median trimmed  mad  min  max range skew kurtosis   se
extra     1 20 1.54 2.02   0.95    1.47 1.56 -1.6  5.5   7.1 0.39    -1.09 0.45
group*    2 20 1.50 0.51   1.50    1.50 0.74  1.0  2.0   1.0 0.00    -2.10 0.11
ID*       3 20 5.50 2.95   5.50    5.50 3.71  1.0 10.0   9.0 0.00    -1.40 0.66

Data

Because the data tracks multiple student’s sleep data over 2 periods of time, the data is panel/longitudinal data.