#MMSE/MoCA (Global Cognition)

OLS estimation, Dep. Var.: globalcognition_total
Observations: 117
Standard-errors: Clustered (ID & subclass) 
             Estimate Std. Error   t value   Pr(>|t|)    
(Intercept) 33.291388   4.734518  7.031632 2.5937e-09 ***
groupnacc   -4.537563   0.683659 -6.637175 1.1893e-08 ***
Age          0.002454   0.060989  0.040229 9.6805e-01    
Education   -0.291441   0.190794 -1.527521 1.3207e-01    
---
Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
RMSE: 2.71324   Adj. R2: 0.412942
# A tibble: 4 × 7
  term        estimate std.error statistic       p.value conf.low conf.high
  <chr>          <dbl>     <dbl>     <dbl>         <dbl>    <dbl>     <dbl>
1 (Intercept) 33.3        4.73      7.03   0.00000000259   23.8     42.8   
2 groupnacc   -4.54       0.684    -6.64   0.0000000119    -5.91    -3.17  
3 Age          0.00245    0.0610    0.0402 0.968           -0.120    0.125 
4 Education   -0.291      0.191    -1.53   0.132           -0.673    0.0905
OLS estimation, Dep. Var.: scale(globalcognition_total)
Observations: 117
Standard-errors: Clustered (ID & subclass) 
                  Estimate Std. Error   t value   Pr(>|t|)    
(Intercept)       0.635432   0.072817  8.726364 3.7609e-12 ***
groupnacc        -1.259279   0.189731 -6.637175 1.1893e-08 ***
scale(Age)        0.005848   0.145369  0.040229 9.6805e-01    
scale(Education) -0.160238   0.104900 -1.527521 1.3207e-01    
---
Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
RMSE: 0.752986   Adj. R2: 0.412942

#Trail A Time

OLS estimation, Dep. Var.: trailA_time
Observations: 115
Standard-errors: Clustered (ID & subclass) 
            Estimate Std. Error   t value  Pr(>|t|)    
(Intercept) 48.14185  55.762734  0.863334 0.3915101    
groupnacc   24.22859   7.569125  3.200976 0.0022231 ** 
Age         -1.15023   0.806931 -1.425440 0.1593896    
Education    2.71942   2.001292  1.358833 0.1794607    
---
Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
RMSE: 25.0   Adj. R2: 0.280372
# A tibble: 4 × 7
  term        estimate std.error statistic p.value conf.low conf.high
  <chr>          <dbl>     <dbl>     <dbl>   <dbl>    <dbl>     <dbl>
1 (Intercept)    48.1     55.8       0.863 0.392     -63.5    160.   
2 groupnacc      24.2      7.57      3.20  0.00222     9.08    39.4  
3 Age            -1.15     0.807    -1.43  0.159      -2.77     0.465
4 Education       2.72     2.00      1.36  0.179      -1.29     6.73 
OLS estimation, Dep. Var.: scale(trailA_time)
Observations: 115
Standard-errors: Clustered (ID & subclass) 
                  Estimate Std. Error  t value   Pr(>|t|)    
(Intercept)      -0.399216   0.076664 -5.20734 2.6390e-06 ***
groupnacc         0.807262   0.252192  3.20098 2.2231e-03 ** 
scale(Age)       -0.329148   0.230910 -1.42544 1.5939e-01    
scale(Education)  0.179505   0.132103  1.35883 1.7946e-01    
---
Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
RMSE: 0.833425   Adj. R2: 0.280372

#Trail B Time

OLS estimation, Dep. Var.: trailB_time
Observations: 110
Standard-errors: Clustered (ID & subclass) 
              Estimate Std. Error   t value   Pr(>|t|)    
(Intercept)  80.287444 142.658871  0.562793 5.7574e-01    
groupnacc   110.716592  21.528520  5.142787 3.3424e-06 ***
Age          -0.529577   0.792175 -0.668510 5.0646e-01    
Education     1.853768   7.598353  0.243970 8.0812e-01    
---
Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
RMSE: 73.1   Adj. R2: 0.347047
# A tibble: 4 × 7
  term        estimate std.error statistic    p.value conf.low conf.high
  <chr>          <dbl>     <dbl>     <dbl>      <dbl>    <dbl>     <dbl>
1 (Intercept)   80.3     143.        0.563 0.576       -205.      366.  
2 groupnacc    111.       21.5       5.14  0.00000334    67.6     154.  
3 Age           -0.530     0.792    -0.669 0.506         -2.12      1.06
4 Education      1.85      7.60      0.244 0.808        -13.4      17.1 
OLS estimation, Dep. Var.: scale(trailB_time)
Observations: 110
Standard-errors: Clustered (ID & subclass) 
                  Estimate Std. Error   t value   Pr(>|t|)    
(Intercept)      -0.565448   0.067216 -8.412461 1.2515e-11 ***
groupnacc         1.201169   0.233564  5.142787 3.3424e-06 ***
scale(Age)       -0.049345   0.073813 -0.668510 5.0646e-01    
scale(Education)  0.039844   0.163315  0.243970 8.0812e-01    
---
Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
RMSE: 0.793227   Adj. R2: 0.347047

#Craft Story / LM Immediate Paraphrase (Story Recall)

OLS estimation, Dep. Var.: storyrecall_imm_total
Observations: 115
Standard-errors: Clustered (ID & subclass) 
             Estimate Std. Error   t value   Pr(>|t|)    
(Intercept) 13.296779   6.026743  2.206296 3.1337e-02 *  
groupnacc   -6.835525   0.981581 -6.963792 3.3716e-09 ***
Age         -0.016745   0.050566 -0.331160 7.4172e-01    
Education    0.017357   0.313961  0.055285 9.5610e-01    
---
Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
RMSE: 3.7659   Adj. R2: 0.436904
# A tibble: 4 × 7
  term        estimate std.error statistic       p.value conf.low conf.high
  <chr>          <dbl>     <dbl>     <dbl>         <dbl>    <dbl>     <dbl>
1 (Intercept)  13.3       6.03      2.21   0.0313           1.23    25.4   
2 groupnacc    -6.84      0.982    -6.96   0.00000000337   -8.80    -4.87  
3 Age          -0.0167    0.0506   -0.331  0.742           -0.118    0.0845
4 Education     0.0174    0.314     0.0553 0.956           -0.611    0.646 
OLS estimation, Dep. Var.: scale(storyrecall_imm_total)
Observations: 115
Standard-errors: Clustered (ID & subclass) 
                  Estimate Std. Error   t value   Pr(>|t|)    
(Intercept)       0.663295   0.100379  6.607877 1.3313e-08 ***
groupnacc        -1.338156   0.192159 -6.963792 3.3716e-09 ***
scale(Age)       -0.028155   0.085018 -0.331160 7.4172e-01    
scale(Education)  0.006732   0.121766  0.055285 9.5610e-01    
---
Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
RMSE: 0.737231   Adj. R2: 0.436904

Craft Story/ LM Delayed Paraphrase (Story Recall)

OLS estimation, Dep. Var.: storyrecall_del_total
Observations: 115
Standard-errors: Clustered (ID & subclass) 
             Estimate Std. Error   t value   Pr(>|t|)    
(Intercept) 13.212434   5.770506  2.289649 2.5699e-02 *  
groupnacc   -7.068001   0.977175 -7.233095 1.1895e-09 ***
Age         -0.029529   0.061423 -0.480745 6.3251e-01    
Education   -0.006443   0.277980 -0.023180 9.8159e-01    
---
Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
RMSE: 3.88367   Adj. R2: 0.439076
# A tibble: 4 × 7
  term        estimate std.error statistic       p.value conf.low conf.high
  <chr>          <dbl>     <dbl>     <dbl>         <dbl>    <dbl>     <dbl>
1 (Intercept) 13.2        5.77      2.29   0.0257           1.66    24.8   
2 groupnacc   -7.07       0.977    -7.23   0.00000000119   -9.02    -5.11  
3 Age         -0.0295     0.0614   -0.481  0.633           -0.152    0.0934
4 Education   -0.00644    0.278    -0.0232 0.982           -0.563    0.550 
OLS estimation, Dep. Var.: scale(storyrecall_del_total)
Observations: 115
Standard-errors: Clustered (ID & subclass) 
                  Estimate Std. Error   t value   Pr(>|t|)    
(Intercept)       0.663911   0.103431  6.418884 2.7529e-08 ***
groupnacc        -1.339116   0.185137 -7.233095 1.1895e-09 ***
scale(Age)       -0.048050   0.099948 -0.480745 6.3251e-01    
scale(Education) -0.002419   0.104340 -0.023180 9.8159e-01    
---
Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
RMSE: 0.735808   Adj. R2: 0.439076

Number/Digit Span: Forward trials Correct

OLS estimation, Dep. Var.: span_fwd_raw_total
Observations: 115
Standard-errors: Clustered (ID & subclass) 
             Estimate Std. Error   t value  Pr(>|t|)    
(Intercept) 13.531671   4.002652  3.380676 0.0012991 ** 
groupnacc   -1.633048   0.626379 -2.607125 0.0115884 *  
Age          0.005935   0.031383  0.189120 0.8506591    
Education   -0.319620   0.218207 -1.464757 0.1483870    
---
Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
RMSE: 2.36919   Adj. R2: 0.139745
# A tibble: 4 × 7
  term        estimate std.error statistic p.value conf.low conf.high
  <chr>          <dbl>     <dbl>     <dbl>   <dbl>    <dbl>     <dbl>
1 (Intercept) 13.5        4.00       3.38  0.00130   5.52     21.5   
2 groupnacc   -1.63       0.626     -2.61  0.0116   -2.89     -0.379 
3 Age          0.00594    0.0314     0.189 0.851    -0.0569    0.0688
4 Education   -0.320      0.218     -1.46  0.148    -0.756     0.117 
OLS estimation, Dep. Var.: scale(span_fwd_raw_total)
Observations: 115
Standard-errors: Clustered (ID & subclass) 
                  Estimate Std. Error   t value Pr(>|t|)    
(Intercept)       0.313198   0.096389  3.249327 0.001927 ** 
groupnacc        -0.628094   0.240914 -2.607125 0.011588 *  
scale(Age)        0.019605   0.103666  0.189120 0.850659    
scale(Education) -0.243542   0.166268 -1.464757 0.148387    
---
Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
RMSE: 0.911226   Adj. R2: 0.139745

Number/Digit Span: Forward Length

in descriptive it shows up as seperate values but in other papers it’s represented continously

OLS estimation, Dep. Var.: span_fwd_len_total
Observations: 115
Standard-errors: Clustered (ID & subclass) 
             Estimate Std. Error   t value   Pr(>|t|)    
(Intercept)  9.707171   1.472218  6.593570 1.4067e-08 ***
groupnacc   -0.729470   0.278172 -2.622367 1.1136e-02 *  
Age          0.003351   0.009837  0.340696 7.3456e-01    
Education   -0.200115   0.083131 -2.407227 1.9277e-02 *  
---
Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
RMSE: 1.13576   Adj. R2: 0.164728
# A tibble: 4 × 7
  term        estimate std.error statistic      p.value conf.low conf.high
  <chr>          <dbl>     <dbl>     <dbl>        <dbl>    <dbl>     <dbl>
1 (Intercept)  9.71      1.47        6.59  0.0000000141   6.76     12.7   
2 groupnacc   -0.729     0.278      -2.62  0.0111        -1.29     -0.173 
3 Age          0.00335   0.00984     0.341 0.735         -0.0163    0.0230
4 Education   -0.200     0.0831     -2.41  0.0193        -0.367    -0.0337
OLS estimation, Dep. Var.: scale(span_fwd_len_total)
Observations: 115
Standard-errors: Clustered (ID & subclass) 
                  Estimate Std. Error   t value  Pr(>|t|)    
(Intercept)       0.288281   0.107015  2.693844 0.0092219 ** 
groupnacc        -0.576696   0.219914 -2.622367 0.0111360 *  
scale(Age)        0.022756   0.066793  0.340696 0.7345637    
scale(Education) -0.313426   0.130202 -2.407227 0.0192773 *  
---
Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
RMSE: 0.897897   Adj. R2: 0.164728
OLS estimation, Dep. Var.: span_fwd_len_total
Observations: 115
Standard-errors: Clustered (ID & subclass) 
             Estimate Std. Error   t value   Pr(>|t|)    
(Intercept)  6.677236   0.631254 10.577739 3.7155e-15 ***
groupnacc   -0.744694   0.314207 -2.370074 2.1131e-02 *  
Age         -0.001950   0.011023 -0.176872 8.6023e-01    
---
Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
RMSE: 1.20303   Adj. R2: 0.071222
OLS estimation, Dep. Var.: span_fwd_len_total
Observations: 115
Standard-errors: Clustered (ID & subclass) 
             Estimate Std. Error   t value   Pr(>|t|)    
(Intercept)  9.707171   1.472218  6.593570 1.4067e-08 ***
groupnacc   -0.729470   0.278172 -2.622367 1.1136e-02 *  
Age          0.003351   0.009837  0.340696 7.3456e-01    
Education   -0.200115   0.083131 -2.407227 1.9277e-02 *  
---
Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
RMSE: 1.13576   Adj. R2: 0.164728

#Number/Digit Span Backward trials correct

OLS estimation, Dep. Var.: span_bwd_raw_total
Observations: 115
Standard-errors: Clustered (ID & subclass) 
             Estimate Std. Error   t value   Pr(>|t|)    
(Intercept) 11.659753   3.714407  3.139062 0.00266494 ** 
groupnacc   -2.121430   0.544816 -3.893847 0.00025757 ***
Age         -0.042553   0.043590 -0.976218 0.33301076    
Education   -0.148626   0.178063 -0.834684 0.40732072    
---
Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
RMSE: 2.14197   Adj. R2: 0.21022
# A tibble: 4 × 7
  term        estimate std.error statistic  p.value conf.low conf.high
  <chr>          <dbl>     <dbl>     <dbl>    <dbl>    <dbl>     <dbl>
1 (Intercept)  11.7       3.71       3.14  0.00266     4.22    19.1   
2 groupnacc    -2.12      0.545     -3.89  0.000258   -3.21    -1.03  
3 Age          -0.0426    0.0436    -0.976 0.333      -0.130    0.0447
4 Education    -0.149     0.178     -0.835 0.407      -0.505    0.208 
OLS estimation, Dep. Var.: scale(span_bwd_raw_total)
Observations: 115
Standard-errors: Clustered (ID & subclass) 
                  Estimate Std. Error   t value   Pr(>|t|)    
(Intercept)       0.430688   0.112538  3.827062 0.00032003 ***
groupnacc        -0.864730   0.222076 -3.893847 0.00025757 ***
scale(Age)       -0.148972   0.152601 -0.976218 0.33301076    
scale(Education) -0.120022   0.143794 -0.834684 0.40732072    
---
Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
RMSE: 0.873103   Adj. R2: 0.21022

#Number/Digit Span Backward Length

OLS estimation, Dep. Var.: span_bwd_len_total
Observations: 115
Standard-errors: Clustered (ID & subclass) 
             Estimate Std. Error   t value  Pr(>|t|)    
(Intercept)  6.838200   2.077611  3.291376 0.0017001 ** 
groupnacc   -1.019146   0.316580 -3.219240 0.0021066 ** 
Age         -0.021092   0.022644 -0.931488 0.3554623    
Education   -0.046369   0.110064 -0.421294 0.6750976    
---
Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
RMSE: 1.21677   Adj. R2: 0.148638
# A tibble: 4 × 7
  term        estimate std.error statistic p.value conf.low conf.high
  <chr>          <dbl>     <dbl>     <dbl>   <dbl>    <dbl>     <dbl>
1 (Intercept)   6.84      2.08       3.29  0.00170   2.68     11.0   
2 groupnacc    -1.02      0.317     -3.22  0.00211  -1.65     -0.385 
3 Age          -0.0211    0.0226    -0.931 0.355    -0.0664    0.0242
4 Education    -0.0464    0.110     -0.421 0.675    -0.267     0.174 
OLS estimation, Dep. Var.: scale(span_bwd_len_total)
Observations: 115
Standard-errors: Clustered (ID & subclass) 
                  Estimate Std. Error   t value  Pr(>|t|)    
(Intercept)       0.377887   0.116894  3.232730 0.0020242 ** 
groupnacc        -0.759273   0.235855 -3.219240 0.0021066 ** 
scale(Age)       -0.134961   0.144887 -0.931488 0.3554623    
scale(Education) -0.068439   0.162451 -0.421294 0.6750976    
---
Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
RMSE: 0.906504   Adj. R2: 0.148638

#Animal Fluency

OLS estimation, Dep. Var.: animals_total
Observations: 117
Standard-errors: Clustered (ID & subclass) 
             Estimate Std. Error   t value   Pr(>|t|)    
(Intercept) 23.295452   4.954778  4.701614 1.6364e-05 ***
groupnacc   -6.459040   1.127742 -5.727410 3.8188e-07 ***
Age         -0.009394   0.070374 -0.133485 8.9427e-01    
Education   -0.092246   0.197546 -0.466958 6.4228e-01    
---
Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
RMSE: 4.95423   Adj. R2: 0.280635
# A tibble: 4 × 7
  term        estimate std.error statistic     p.value conf.low conf.high
  <chr>          <dbl>     <dbl>     <dbl>       <dbl>    <dbl>     <dbl>
1 (Intercept) 23.3        4.95       4.70  0.0000164     13.4      33.2  
2 groupnacc   -6.46       1.13      -5.73  0.000000382   -8.72     -4.20 
3 Age         -0.00939    0.0704    -0.133 0.894         -0.150     0.131
4 Education   -0.0922     0.198     -0.467 0.642         -0.488     0.303
OLS estimation, Dep. Var.: scale(animals_total)
Observations: 117
Standard-errors: Clustered (ID & subclass) 
                  Estimate Std. Error   t value   Pr(>|t|)    
(Intercept)       0.548141   0.110032  4.981657 6.0040e-06 ***
groupnacc        -1.086708   0.189738 -5.727410 3.8188e-07 ***
scale(Age)       -0.013574   0.101689 -0.133485 8.9427e-01    
scale(Education) -0.030747   0.065846 -0.466958 6.4228e-01    
---
Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
RMSE: 0.83353   Adj. R2: 0.280635

#MINT/Boston Naming Test (Naming)

OLS estimation, Dep. Var.: naming_total
Observations: 117
Standard-errors: Clustered (ID & subclass) 
             Estimate Std. Error   t value Pr(>|t|)    
(Intercept) 17.399676   7.716000  2.255012 0.027922 *  
groupnacc   -0.159929   0.784582 -0.203839 0.839193    
Age          0.016736   0.043572  0.384097 0.702311    
Education    0.528192   0.353565  1.493904 0.140621    
---
Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
RMSE: 2.91893   Adj. R2: 0.095898
# A tibble: 4 × 7
  term        estimate std.error statistic p.value conf.low conf.high
  <chr>          <dbl>     <dbl>     <dbl>   <dbl>    <dbl>     <dbl>
1 (Intercept)  17.4       7.72       2.26   0.0279   1.95      32.8  
2 groupnacc    -0.160     0.785     -0.204  0.839   -1.73       1.41 
3 Age           0.0167    0.0436     0.384  0.702   -0.0705     0.104
4 Education     0.528     0.354      1.49   0.141   -0.180      1.24 
OLS estimation, Dep. Var.: scale(naming_total)
Observations: 117
Standard-errors: Clustered (ID & subclass) 
                  Estimate Std. Error   t value Pr(>|t|) 
(Intercept)       0.024704   0.094410  0.261671  0.79450 
groupnacc        -0.051199   0.251172 -0.203839  0.83919 
scale(Age)        0.046015   0.119800  0.384097  0.70231 
scale(Education)  0.334995   0.224241  1.493904  0.14062 
---
Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
RMSE: 0.934448   Adj. R2: 0.095898

Table showing this all + some descriptive stuff

# A tibble: 0 × 11
# ℹ 11 variables: Variable <chr>, n_used <int>, DxCTE_mean <dbl>,
#   DxCTE_sd <dbl>, NACC_mean <dbl>, NACC_sd <dbl>, B <dbl>, CI_lower <dbl>,
#   CI_upper <dbl>, p_value <dbl>, Std_beta <dbl>
# A tibble: 0 × 7
# ℹ 7 variables: Variable <chr>, N analyzed <int>, DxCTE, mean (SD) <chr>,
#   NACC, mean (SD) <chr>, B (95% CI) <chr>, Std. β <chr>, p <lgl>
Table 2. Neuropsychological Continuous Characteristics

Descriptive results

Adjusted model results

Variable

N analyzed

DxCTE, mean (SD)

NACC, mean (SD)

B (95% CI)

Std. β

p

B represents the adjusted mean difference for DxCTE relative to NACC from linear regression models adjusted for age and education.