1. Introduction

This report presents a metabolomics analysis comparing Control and Disease groups. Ten metabolites were measured and analysed using univariate and multivariate statistical methods.

2. Data and Preprocessing

The dataset contains 12 samples and 6 metabolites.

3. Statistical Results

Table 1: Statistical results for all metabolites
Metabolite P_value Mean_Healthy Mean_T2D Fold_Change P_adjusted Significant
glucose 2.3e-05 4.95 8.817 1.781 3.4e-05 TRUE
lactate 6.0e-06 1.05 2.800 2.667 3.4e-05 TRUE
pyruvate 1.4e-05 0.45 1.217 2.704 3.4e-05 TRUE
glutamine 3.6e-05 2.25 4.417 1.963 4.2e-05 TRUE
alanine 1.7e-05 1.35 3.017 2.235 3.4e-05 TRUE
citrate 4.2e-05 0.85 1.850 2.176 4.2e-05 TRUE

4. PCA Results

PC1 explained 99.7% of the total variance and clearly separated Healthy from T2D samples.

5. Conclusions

All 6 metabolites were significantly elevated in the T2D group after Benjamini-Hochberg correction, suggesting widespread metabolic dysregulation involving glycolysis, TCA cycle, and amino acid metabolism.

Report generated on 2026-06-05 using R version 4.6.0