## 
##  Augmented Dickey-Fuller Test
## 
## data:  sp_data1$lnPP
## Dickey-Fuller = -1.7188, Lag order = 5, p-value = 0.6935
## alternative hypothesis: stationary
## 
##  Augmented Dickey-Fuller Test
## 
## data:  diff(sp_data1$lnPP)
## Dickey-Fuller = -6.8116, Lag order = 5, p-value = 0.01
## alternative hypothesis: stationary
## 
##  Augmented Dickey-Fuller Test
## 
## data:  sp_data1$lnRF
## Dickey-Fuller = -6.5351, Lag order = 5, p-value = 0.01
## alternative hypothesis: stationary
## 
##  Augmented Dickey-Fuller Test
## 
## data:  diff(sp_data1$lnRF)
## Dickey-Fuller = -7.8575, Lag order = 5, p-value = 0.01
## alternative hypothesis: stationary
## 
##  Augmented Dickey-Fuller Test
## 
## data:  sp_data1$Temp
## Dickey-Fuller = -4.6597, Lag order = 5, p-value = 0.01
## alternative hypothesis: stationary
## 
##  Augmented Dickey-Fuller Test
## 
## data:  diff(sp_data1$Temp)
## Dickey-Fuller = -6.707, Lag order = 5, p-value = 0.01
## alternative hypothesis: stationary
## 
## ################################## 
## # Phillips-Perron Unit Root Test # 
## ################################## 
## 
## Test regression with intercept and trend 
## 
## 
## Call:
## lm(formula = y ~ y.l1 + trend)
## 
## Residuals:
##     Min      1Q  Median      3Q     Max 
## -2.3349 -0.5840  0.1517  0.5993  1.2293 
## 
## Coefficients:
##              Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)    
## (Intercept) 11.231574   0.774538  14.501  < 2e-16 ***
## y.l1        -0.188837   0.081784  -2.309   0.0224 *  
## trend        0.008873   0.001520   5.838 3.36e-08 ***
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
## 
## Residual standard error: 0.7176 on 144 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared:  0.1914, Adjusted R-squared:  0.1802 
## F-statistic: 17.04 on 2 and 144 DF,  p-value: 2.276e-07
## 
## 
## Value of test-statistic, type: Z-tau  is: -14.6764 
## 
##            aux. Z statistics
## Z-tau-mu             15.7598
## Z-tau-beta            5.8152
## 
## Critical values for Z statistics: 
##                      1pct      5pct   10pct
## critical values -4.022819 -3.440901 -3.1447
## 
## ################################## 
## # Phillips-Perron Unit Root Test # 
## ################################## 
## 
## Test regression with intercept 
## 
## 
## Call:
## lm(formula = y ~ y.l1)
## 
## Residuals:
##     Min      1Q  Median      3Q     Max 
## -1.9400 -0.9412  0.1669  0.8404  1.9204 
## 
## Coefficients:
##              Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)    
## (Intercept)  0.003559   0.080609   0.044    0.965    
## y.l1        -0.505048   0.072271  -6.988 9.56e-11 ***
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
## 
## Residual standard error: 0.974 on 144 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared:  0.2532, Adjusted R-squared:  0.2481 
## F-statistic: 48.84 on 1 and 144 DF,  p-value: 9.562e-11
## 
## 
## Value of test-statistic, type: Z-tau  is: -35.8856 
## 
##          aux. Z statistics
## Z-tau-mu             0.058
## 
## Critical values for Z statistics: 
##                      1pct      5pct     10pct
## critical values -3.475961 -2.881246 -2.577159
## 
## ################################## 
## # Phillips-Perron Unit Root Test # 
## ################################## 
## 
## Test regression with intercept 
## 
## 
## Call:
## lm(formula = y ~ y.l1)
## 
## Residuals:
##      Min       1Q   Median       3Q      Max 
## -2.09755 -0.33880  0.08701  0.42361  1.63715 
## 
## Coefficients:
##             Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)    
## (Intercept)  3.72005    0.47196   7.882 7.04e-13 ***
## y.l1         0.40186    0.07564   5.313 3.98e-07 ***
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
## 
## Residual standard error: 0.6133 on 145 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared:  0.163,  Adjusted R-squared:  0.1572 
## F-statistic: 28.23 on 1 and 145 DF,  p-value: 3.979e-07
## 
## 
## Value of test-statistic, type: Z-tau  is: -7.8371 
## 
##          aux. Z statistics
## Z-tau-mu            7.8119
## 
## Critical values for Z statistics: 
##                      1pct      5pct    10pct
## critical values -3.475663 -2.881113 -2.57709
## 
## ################################## 
## # Phillips-Perron Unit Root Test # 
## ################################## 
## 
## Test regression with intercept 
## 
## 
## Call:
## lm(formula = y ~ y.l1)
## 
## Residuals:
##      Min       1Q   Median       3Q      Max 
## -1.94169 -0.51454 -0.00501  0.37192  2.48176 
## 
## Coefficients:
##             Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)   
## (Intercept)  0.01979    0.05818   0.340  0.73426   
## y.l1        -0.26203    0.07957  -3.293  0.00125 **
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
## 
## Residual standard error: 0.7029 on 144 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared:  0.07003,    Adjusted R-squared:  0.06357 
## F-statistic: 10.84 on 1 and 144 DF,  p-value: 0.001248
## 
## 
## Value of test-statistic, type: Z-tau  is: -18.8196 
## 
##          aux. Z statistics
## Z-tau-mu            0.3895
## 
## Critical values for Z statistics: 
##                      1pct      5pct     10pct
## critical values -3.475961 -2.881246 -2.577159
## 
## ################################## 
## # Phillips-Perron Unit Root Test # 
## ################################## 
## 
## Test regression with intercept 
## 
## 
## Call:
## lm(formula = y ~ y.l1)
## 
## Residuals:
##      Min       1Q   Median       3Q      Max 
## -2.22489 -0.54975 -0.09724  0.40081  2.32595 
## 
## Coefficients:
##             Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)    
## (Intercept) 20.66287    2.19513   9.413  < 2e-16 ***
## y.l1         0.24860    0.07982   3.114  0.00222 ** 
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
## 
## Residual standard error: 0.8506 on 145 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared:  0.0627, Adjusted R-squared:  0.05624 
## F-statistic:   9.7 on 1 and 145 DF,  p-value: 0.002222
## 
## 
## Value of test-statistic, type: Z-tau  is: -9.5984 
## 
##          aux. Z statistics
## Z-tau-mu            9.5978
## 
## Critical values for Z statistics: 
##                      1pct      5pct    10pct
## critical values -3.475663 -2.881113 -2.57709
## 
## ################################## 
## # Phillips-Perron Unit Root Test # 
## ################################## 
## 
## Test regression with intercept 
## 
## 
## Call:
## lm(formula = y ~ y.l1)
## 
## Residuals:
##     Min      1Q  Median      3Q     Max 
## -2.1988 -0.6654 -0.3213  0.7245  2.7363 
## 
## Coefficients:
##              Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)    
## (Intercept) -0.003824   0.082331  -0.046    0.963    
## y.l1        -0.337751   0.076548  -4.412 1.99e-05 ***
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
## 
## Residual standard error: 0.9947 on 144 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared:  0.1191, Adjusted R-squared:  0.113 
## F-statistic: 19.47 on 1 and 144 DF,  p-value: 1.992e-05
## 
## 
## Value of test-statistic, type: Z-tau  is: -22.8674 
## 
##          aux. Z statistics
## Z-tau-mu           -0.0305
## 
## Critical values for Z statistics: 
##                      1pct      5pct     10pct
## critical values -3.475961 -2.881246 -2.577159