Sebastian Master’s Thesis

setwd("C:/Work Files/Collaborations/Kendall PCOS/Sebastian Thesis")

{#{r setup, include=FALSE} #knitr::opts_chunk$set(echo = FALSE, warning = FALSE, message = FALSE)

#install.packages("codebook")
#install.packages("ggmice")

library(haven)
library(tidyverse)

── Attaching core tidyverse packages ──────────────────────── tidyverse 2.0.0 ──
✔ dplyr     1.2.0     ✔ readr     2.1.5
✔ forcats   1.0.0     ✔ stringr   1.5.1
✔ ggplot2   4.0.2     ✔ tibble    3.3.0
✔ lubridate 1.9.4     ✔ tidyr     1.3.1
✔ purrr     1.0.4     
── Conflicts ────────────────────────────────────────── tidyverse_conflicts() ──
✖ dplyr::filter() masks stats::filter()
✖ dplyr::lag()    masks stats::lag()
ℹ Use the conflicted package (<http://conflicted.r-lib.org/>) to force all conflicts to become errors

library(psych)


Attaching package: 'psych'

The following objects are masked from 'package:ggplot2':

    %+%, alpha

library(lavaan)

Warning: package 'lavaan' was built under R version 4.5.3

This is lavaan 0.6-21
lavaan is FREE software! Please report any bugs.

Attaching package: 'lavaan'

The following object is masked from 'package:psych':

    cor2cov

library(knitr)
library(kableExtra)


Attaching package: 'kableExtra'

The following object is masked from 'package:dplyr':

    group_rows

library(apaTables)
library(codebook)

Warning: package 'codebook' was built under R version 4.5.3


Attaching package: 'codebook'

The following object is masked from 'package:psych':

    bfi

library("mice")


Attaching package: 'mice'

The following object is masked from 'package:stats':

    filter

The following objects are masked from 'package:base':

    cbind, rbind

library(VIM)

Loading required package: colorspace
Loading required package: grid
VIM is ready to use.

Suggestions and bug-reports can be submitted at: https://github.com/statistikat/VIM/issues

Attaching package: 'VIM'

The following object is masked from 'package:datasets':

    sleep

library(ggmice)

Warning: package 'ggmice' was built under R version 4.5.3


Attaching package: 'ggmice'

The following objects are masked from 'package:mice':

    bwplot, densityplot, stripplot, xyplot

library(naniar)
library(performance)
library(MVN)


Attaching package: 'MVN'

The following object is masked from 'package:psych':

    mardia

Sebastian_Data <-read_sav("LebelThesisData.sav")

codebook(Sebastian_Data)

Warning: SequentialFuture (NULL) added, removed, or modified devices. A future
expression must close any opened devices and must not close devices it did not
open. Details: 1 devices differ: index=4, before='NA', after=''

Metadata

Description

Dataset name: Sebastian_Data

The dataset has N=295 rows and 92 columns. 0 rows have no missing values on any column.

Metadata for search engines

Date published: 2026-07-05

name	value
keywords	StartDate, EndDate, Status, IPAddress, Progress, Duration_in_seconds, Finished, RecordedDate, UserLanguage, Consent_Statement, Student_ID, ExitButton1, ExitButton2, Age, Gender, Ethnicity, YearOfStudy, Faculty, PoliticalAffiliationsinOntario, MaritalStatus, NumberOfChildren, code, VAR00001, VAR00002, VAR00003, VAR00004, VAR00005, VAR00006, VAR00008, VAR00009, VAR00010, VAR00011, VAR00020, VAR00021, VAR00022, ExitButton3, ExitButton4, Attitude1, Attitude2, Attitude3, Attitude4, Attitude5, ExitButton5, SubjectiveNorm1, SubjectiveNorm2, SubjectiveNorm3, SubjectiveNorm4, SubjectiveNorm5, ExitButton6, PerceivedBehaviouralControl1, PerceivedBehaviouralControl2, PerceivedBehaviouralControl3, PerceivedBehaviouralControl4, PerceivedBehaviouralControl5, ExitButton7, ILOC1, ILOC2, ILOC3, ILOC4, ILOC5, ILOC6, ILOC7, ILOC8, ExitButton8, Intention1, Intention2, Intention3, Intention4, Intention5, VAR00023, VAR00030, VAR00031, VAR00032, VAR00033, VAR00034, VAR00035, VAR00036, VAR00037, VAR00038, VAR00039, VAR00040, VAR00041, VAR00042, VAR00043, ExitButton9, ExitButton10, PEB1, PEB2, PEB3, PEB4, PEB5, VAR00044

Variables

StartDate

Start Date

Distribution

294  unique, categorical values, so not shown.

0 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	n_unique	min	median	max	format.spss	display_width
StartDate	Start Date	POSIXct	0	1	294	2025-12-13 18:24:35	2026-03-03 20:16:49	2026-04-01 16:51:03	DATETIME20	5

EndDate

End Date

Distribution

295  unique, categorical values, so not shown.

0 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	n_unique	min	median	max	format.spss	display_width
EndDate	End Date	POSIXct	0	1	295	2025-12-13 18:24:54	2026-03-03 20:17:06	2026-04-01 16:51:22	DATETIME20	5

Status

Response Type

Distribution

0 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	mean	sd	n_value_labels	hist	format.spss	display_width
Status	Response Type	haven_labelled	0	1	0	0	1	0.0576271	0.233433	14	▇▁▁▁▁▁▁▁	F40.0	5

Value labels

Response choices
name	value
IP Address	0
Survey Preview	1
Survey Test	2
Imported	4
Spam	8
Survey Preview Spam	9
Imported Spam	12
Offline	16
Offline Survey Preview	17
EX	32
EX Spam	40
EX Offline	48
Reimported Imported	132
Synthetic	256

IPAddress

IP Address

Distribution

0 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	n_unique	empty	min	max	whitespace	format.spss	display_width
IPAddress	IP Address	character	0	1	105	17	0	15	0	A2000	15

Progress

Distribution

0 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	mean	sd	hist	format.spss	display_width
Progress	Progress	numeric	0	1	25	100	100	98.22034	11.43462	▁▁▁▁▇	F40.2	5

Duration_in_seconds

Duration (in seconds)

Distribution

0 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	mean	sd	hist	format.spss	display_width
Duration_in_seconds	Duration (in seconds)	numeric	0	1	6	72	391962	1538.115	22854.35	▇▁▁▁▁	F40.2	5

Finished

Distribution

0 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	mean	sd	n_value_labels	hist	format.spss	display_width
Finished	Finished	haven_labelled	0	1	0	1	1	0.9762712	0.1524616	2	▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▇	F40.0	5

Value labels

Response choices
name	value
False	0
True	1

RecordedDate

Recorded Date

Distribution

294  unique, categorical values, so not shown.

0 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	n_unique	min	median	max	format.spss	display_width
RecordedDate	Recorded Date	POSIXct	0	1	294	2025-12-13 18:24:54	2026-03-04 20:14:37	2026-04-08 09:36:11	DATETIME20	5

UserLanguage

User Language

Distribution

0 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	n_unique	empty	min	max	whitespace	format.spss	display_width
UserLanguage	User Language	character	0	1	1	0	2	2	0	A2000	15

Consent_Statement

Throughout this survey, you will be asked to complete questions related to your personal opinion about behaviours that promote the environment, the extent to which you find yourself being in control of the environment, and your intention to adopt environmentally sustainable behaviour. The survey should not require more than 15 minutes to complete. All data will be stored securely, and your identity will not be attached to your responses. Only the researcher and their supervisor will have access to the information you provide, and it will be kept in a secure location. You will not be identified in any presentation or publication resulting from this research. Although participants may be subject to minor boredom or fatigue while answering the survey questions, there are no anticipated risks greater than those encountered in daily life and your contribution will help us better understand the factors that shape environmentally responsible behaviour. This study will take no more than 30 minutes of your time and i

Distribution

0 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	mean	sd	n_value_labels	hist	format.spss	display_width
Consent_Statement	Throughout this survey, you will be asked to complete questions related to your personal opinion about behaviours that promote the environment, the extent to which you find yourself being in control of the environment, and your intention to adopt environmentally sustainable behaviour. The survey should not require more than 15 minutes to complete. All data will be stored securely, and your identity will not be attached to your responses. Only the researcher and their supervisor will have access to the information you provide, and it will be kept in a secure location. You will not be identified in any presentation or publication resulting from this research. Although participants may be subject to minor boredom or fatigue while answering the survey questions, there are no anticipated risks greater than those encountered in daily life and your contribution will help us better understand the factors that shape environmentally responsible behaviour. This study will take no more than 30 minutes of your time and i	haven_labelled	0	1	1	1	2	1.013559	0.1158489	2	▇▁▁▁▁▁▁▁	F40.0	5

Value labels

Response choices
name	value
Yes	1
No	2

Student_ID

Please type your student identification number in the box below:

Distribution

0 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	n_unique	empty	min	max	whitespace	format.spss	display_width
Student_ID	Please type your student identification number in the box below:	character	0	1	215	0	1	44	0	A2000	15

ExitButton1

Click ‘Exit’ and press arrow in bottom right corner to leave the survey. *No answers can be left blank

Distribution

1 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	mean	sd	n_value_labels	hist	format.spss	display_width
ExitButton1	Click ‘Exit’ and press arrow in bottom right corner to leave the survey. *No answers can be left blank	haven_labelled	1	0.9966102	1	2	2	1.891156	0.3119738	2	▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▇	F40.0	5

Value labels

Response choices
name	value
Exit	1
Continue	2

ExitButton2

Click ‘Exit’ and press arrow in bottom right corner to leave the survey. *Select ‘Prefer not to answer’ on all displayed questions.

Distribution

55 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	mean	sd	n_value_labels	hist	format.spss	display_width
ExitButton2	Click ‘Exit’ and press arrow in bottom right corner to leave the survey. *Select ‘Prefer not to answer’ on all displayed questions.	haven_labelled	55	0.8135593	1	2	2	1.95	0.2184004	2	▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▇	F40.0	5

Value labels

Response choices
name	value
Exit	1
Continue	2

Age

Distribution

41 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	mean	sd	n_value_labels	hist	format.spss	display_width
Age	Age	haven_labelled	41	0.8610169	1	5	8	4.795276	1.693226	8	▁▂▃▇▆▃▃▂	F40.0	5

Value labels

Response choices
name	value
17	1
18	2
19	3
20	4
21	5
22	6
23+	7
Prefer not to answer	8

Gender

Distribution

41 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	mean	sd	n_value_labels	hist	format.spss	display_width
Gender	Gender	haven_labelled	41	0.8610169	1	2	4	2.102362	0.6751916	4	▁▁▇▁▁▁▁▁	F40.0	5

Value labels

Response choices
name	value
Male	1
Female	2
Other	3
Prefer not to answer	4

Ethnicity

Distribution

41 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	mean	sd	n_value_labels	hist	format.spss	display_width
Ethnicity	Ethnicity	haven_labelled	41	0.8610169	1	1	8	2.92126	2.621306	8	▇▁▁▁▁▁▂▁	F40.0	5

Value labels

Response choices
name	value
White/Caucasian	1
Hispanic/Latino	2
Black/African American	3
Asian	4
Indigenous	5
Pacific Islander	6
Other	7
Prefer not to answer	8

YearOfStudy

Year of Study

Distribution

41 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	mean	sd	n_value_labels	hist	format.spss	display_width
YearOfStudy	Year of Study	haven_labelled	41	0.8610169	1	3	7	3.208661	1.388748	7	▂▃▇▅▁▁▁▁	F40.0	5

Value labels

Response choices
name	value
1	1
2	2
3	3
4	4
5	5
6+	6
Prefer not to answer	7

Faculty

Academic Faculty

Distribution

41 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	mean	sd	n_value_labels	hist	format.spss	display_width
Faculty	Academic Faculty	haven_labelled	41	0.8610169	1	1	10	3.106299	3.23404	10	▇▁▁▁▁▁▂▁	F40.0	5

Value labels

Response choices
name	value
Arts, Humanities, and Social Sciences	1
Education	2
Engineering	3
Human Kinetics	4
Law	5
Nursing	6
Odette School of Business	7
Science	8
Other	9
Prefer not to answer	10

PoliticalAffiliationsinOntario

Political Affiliations in Ontario

Distribution

41 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	mean	sd	n_value_labels	hist	format.spss	display_width
PoliticalAffiliationsinOntario	Political Affiliations in Ontario	haven_labelled	41	0.8610169	1	3	6	3.480315	1.985522	6	▃▇▁▂▁▁▁▇	F40.0	5

Value labels

Response choices
name	value
Conservative Party	1
Liberal Party	2
New Democratic Party	3
Green Party	4
Other	5
Prefer not to answer	6

MaritalStatus

Marital Status

Distribution

41 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	mean	sd	n_value_labels	hist	format.spss	display_width
MaritalStatus	Marital Status	haven_labelled	41	0.8610169	1	1	5	1.586614	1.309127	5	▇▁▁▁▁▁▁▁	F40.0	5

Value labels

Response choices
name	value
Single	1
Married	2
Engaged	3
Divorced	4
Prefer not to answer	5

NumberOfChildren

Number of Children Within Your Custody (i.e. Legal Parenting Responsibility)

Distribution

41 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	mean	sd	n_value_labels	hist	format.spss	display_width
NumberOfChildren	Number of Children Within Your Custody (i.e. Legal Parenting Responsibility)	haven_labelled	41	0.8610169	1	7	7	6.53937	1.46245	7	▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▇	F40.0	5

Value labels

Response choices
name	value
1	1
2	2
3	3
4	4
5	5
6+	6
Prefer not to answer	7

code

Distribution

0 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	n_unique	empty	min	max	whitespace	format.spss	display_width
code	code	character	0	1	204	22	0	5	0	A2000	15

VAR00001

Distribution

No non-missing values to show.

295 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	hist	format.spss	label
VAR00001	numeric	295	0	NA	NA	NA		F8.2	NA

VAR00002

Distribution

No non-missing values to show.

295 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	hist	format.spss	label
VAR00002	numeric	295	0	NA	NA	NA		F8.2	NA

VAR00003

Distribution

No non-missing values to show.

295 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	hist	format.spss	label
VAR00003	numeric	295	0	NA	NA	NA		F8.2	NA

VAR00004

Start Date

Distribution

169  unique, categorical values, so not shown.

126 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	n_unique	min	median	max	format.spss	display_width
VAR00004	Start Date	POSIXct	126	0.5728814	169	2025-09-18 21:19:13	2026-03-04 22:03:25	2026-04-04 10:03:50	DATETIME20	5

VAR00005

End Date

Distribution

169  unique, categorical values, so not shown.

126 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	n_unique	min	median	max	format.spss	display_width
VAR00005	End Date	POSIXct	126	0.5728814	169	2025-09-18 21:21:48	2026-03-04 22:45:00	2026-04-04 10:09:58	DATETIME20	5

VAR00006

Response Type

Distribution

126 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	mean	sd	n_value_labels	hist	format.spss	display_width
VAR00006	Response Type	haven_labelled	126	0.5728814	0	0	1	0.0828402	0.2764597	14	▇▁▁▁▁▁▁▁	F40.0	5

Value labels

Response choices
name	value
IP Address	0
Survey Preview	1
Survey Test	2
Imported	4
Spam	8
Survey Preview Spam	9
Imported Spam	12
Offline	16
Offline Survey Preview	17
EX	32
EX Spam	40
EX Offline	48
Reimported Imported	132
Synthetic	256

VAR00008

Progress

Distribution

126 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	mean	sd	hist	format.spss	display_width
VAR00008	Progress	numeric	126	0.5728814	8	100	100	96.73373	17.07494	▁▁▁▁▇	F40.2	5

VAR00009

Duration (in seconds)

Distribution

126 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	mean	sd	hist	format.spss	display_width
VAR00009	Duration (in seconds)	numeric	126	0.5728814	6	207	145383	3521.586	17207.14	▇▁▁▁▁	F40.2	5

VAR00010

Finished

Distribution

126 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	mean	sd	n_value_labels	hist	format.spss	display_width
VAR00010	Finished	haven_labelled	126	0.5728814	0	1	1	0.964497	0.1855972	2	▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▇	F40.0	5

Value labels

Response choices
name	value
False	0
True	1

VAR00011

Recorded Date

Distribution

169  unique, categorical values, so not shown.

126 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	n_unique	min	median	max	format.spss	display_width
VAR00011	Recorded Date	POSIXct	126	0.5728814	169	2025-09-18 21:21:48	2026-03-05 10:46:38	2026-04-06 22:32:57	DATETIME20	5

VAR00020

User Language

Distribution

0 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	n_unique	empty	min	max	whitespace	format.spss	display_width
VAR00020	User Language	character	0	1	2	126	0	2	0	A2000	15

VAR00021

Distribution

130 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	mean	sd	n_value_labels	hist	format.spss	display_width
VAR00021	Throughout this survey, you will be asked to complete questions related to your personal opinion about behaviours that promote the environment, the extent to which you find yourself being in control of the environment, and your intention to adopt environmentally sustainable behaviour. The survey should not require more than 15 minutes to complete. All data will be stored securely, and your identity will not be attached to your responses. Only the researcher and their supervisor will have access to the information you provide, and it will be kept in a secure location. You will not be identified in any presentation or publication resulting from this research. Although participants may be subject to minor boredom or fatigue while answering the survey questions, there are no anticipated risks greater than those encountered in daily life and your contribution will help us better understand the factors that shape environmentally responsible behaviour. This study will take no more than 30 minutes of your time and i	haven_labelled	130	0.559322	1	1	2	1.042424	0.2021686	2	▇▁▁▁▁▁▁▁	F40.0	5

Value labels

Response choices
name	value
Yes	1
No	2

VAR00022

Please type your student identification number in the box below:

Distribution

0 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	n_unique	empty	min	max	whitespace	format.spss	display_width
VAR00022	Please type your student identification number in the box below:	character	0	1	138	130	0	21	0	A2000	15

ExitButton3

Please click ‘Exit’ and press arrow in bottom right corner to leave survey. *No answers can be left blank

Distribution

131 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	mean	sd	n_value_labels	hist	format.spss	display_width
ExitButton3	Please click ‘Exit’ and press arrow in bottom right corner to leave survey. *No answers can be left blank	haven_labelled	131	0.5559322	1	2	2	1.95122	0.2160686	2	▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▇	F40.0	5

Value labels

Response choices
name	value
Exit	1
Continue	2

ExitButton4

Please click ‘Exit’ and press arrow in bottom right corner to leave survey. Select ‘Prefer not to answer’ on all displayed questions.

Distribution

159 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	mean	sd	n_value_labels	hist	format.spss	display_width
ExitButton4	Please click ‘Exit’ and press arrow in bottom right corner to leave survey. Select ‘Prefer not to answer’ on all displayed questions.	haven_labelled	159	0.4610169	1	2	2	1.977941	0.1474179	2	▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▇	F40.0	5

Value labels

Response choices
name	value
Exit	1
Continue	2

Attitude1

My attitude toward using shopping bags (reusable shopping bags) when shopping is… - Negative (1) - Positive (7)

Distribution

149 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	mean	sd	n_value_labels	hist	format.spss	display_width
Attitude1	My attitude toward using shopping bags (reusable shopping bags) when shopping is… - Negative (1) - Positive (7)	haven_labelled	149	0.4949153	1	7	8	6.130137	1.444436	8	▁▁▁▁▂▂▇▁	F40.0	5

Value labels

Response choices
name	value
1	1
2	2
3	3
4	4
5	5
6	6
7	7
Prefer not to answer	8

Attitude2

I find that eating leftover food from previous day(s) is a… - Bad Idea (1) - Good Idea (7)

Distribution

149 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	mean	sd	n_value_labels	hist	format.spss	display_width
Attitude2	I find that eating leftover food from previous day(s) is a… - Bad Idea (1) - Good Idea (7)	haven_labelled	149	0.4949153	1	7	8	6.136986	1.31637	8	▁▁▁▁▂▃▇▁	F40.0	5

Value labels

Response choices
name	value
1	1
2	2
3	3
4	4
5	5
6	6
7	7
Prefer not to answer	8

Attitude3

I find that sorting waste is… - Disadvantageous (1) - Advantageous (7)

Distribution

149 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	mean	sd	n_value_labels	hist	format.spss	display_width
Attitude3	I find that sorting waste is… - Disadvantageous (1) - Advantageous (7)	haven_labelled	149	0.4949153	1	6	8	5.760274	1.486977	8	▁▁▁▃▃▆▇▁	F40.0	5

Value labels

Response choices
name	value
1	1
2	2
3	3
4	4
5	5
6	6
7	7
Prefer not to answer	8

Attitude4

I find that eating beef (e.g., beef steak and beef burger) is… - Not Desirable (1) - Desirable (7)

Distribution

149 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	mean	sd	n_value_labels	hist	format.spss	display_width
Attitude4	I find that eating beef (e.g., beef steak and beef burger) is… - Not Desirable (1) - Desirable (7)	haven_labelled	149	0.4949153	1	6	9	6.082192	2.089405	8	▁▁▃▂▃▁▇▁	F40.0	5

Value labels

Response choices
name	value
1	1
2	2
3	3
4	4
5	5
6	6
7	8
Prefer not to answer	9

Attitude5

I find that consuming organically grown fruits and vegetables is… - Not Reasonable (1) - Reasonable (7)

Distribution

149 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	mean	sd	n_value_labels	hist	format.spss	display_width
Attitude5	I find that consuming organically grown fruits and vegetables is… - Not Reasonable (1) - Reasonable (7)	haven_labelled	149	0.4949153	1	6	8	5.945206	1.418016	8	▁▁▁▂▃▅▇▁	F40.0	5

Value labels

Response choices
name	value
1	1
2	2
3	3
4	4
5	5
6	6
7	7
Prefer not to answer	8

ExitButton5

Please click ‘Exit’ and press arrow in bottom right corner to leave survey. Select ‘Prefer not to answer’ on all displayed questions.

Distribution

152 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	mean	sd	n_value_labels	hist	format.spss	display_width
ExitButton5	Please click ‘Exit’ and press arrow in bottom right corner to leave survey. Select ‘Prefer not to answer’ on all displayed questions.	haven_labelled	152	0.4847458	2	2	2	2	0	2	▁▁▁▇▁▁▁▁	F40.0	5

Value labels

Response choices
name	value
Exit	1
Continue	2

SubjectiveNorm1

Most people who are important to me would find it good if I used shopping bags (reusable shopping bags) when shopping - Unlikely (1) - Likely (7)

Distribution

152 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	mean	sd	n_value_labels	hist	format.spss	display_width
SubjectiveNorm1	Most people who are important to me would find it good if I used shopping bags (reusable shopping bags) when shopping - Unlikely (1) - Likely (7)	haven_labelled	152	0.4847458	1	6	8	5.678322	1.57266	8	▁▁▁▃▃▇▇▁	F40.0	5

Value labels

Response choices
name	value
1	1
2	2
3	3
4	4
5	5
6	6
7	7
Prefer not to answer	8

SubjectiveNorm2

Most people who are important to me would want me to eat leftover food from previous day(s) - Unlikely (1) - Likely (7)

Distribution

152 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	mean	sd	n_value_labels	hist	format.spss	display_width
SubjectiveNorm2	Most people who are important to me would want me to eat leftover food from previous day(s) - Unlikely (1) - Likely (7)	haven_labelled	152	0.4847458	1	6	8	6.013986	1.31613	8	▁▁▁▁▂▇▇▁	F40.0	5

Value labels

Response choices
name	value
1	1
2	2
3	3
4	4
5	5
6	6
7	7
Prefer not to answer	8

SubjectiveNorm3

The people who are important to me would find it desirable if I sorted waste - Unlikely (1) - Likely (7)

Distribution

152 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	mean	sd	n_value_labels	hist	format.spss	display_width
SubjectiveNorm3	The people who are important to me would find it desirable if I sorted waste - Unlikely (1) - Likely (7)	haven_labelled	152	0.4847458	1	6	8	5.307692	1.704306	8	▁▂▂▃▇▇▇▁	F40.0	5

Value labels

Response choices
name	value
1	1
2	2
3	3
4	4
5	5
6	6
7	7
Prefer not to answer	8

SubjectiveNorm4

The people who are important to me would support my decision of eating beef (e.g., beef steak and beef burger) - Unlikely (1) - Likely (7)

Distribution

152 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	mean	sd	n_value_labels	hist	format.spss	display_width
SubjectiveNorm4	The people who are important to me would support my decision of eating beef (e.g., beef steak and beef burger) - Unlikely (1) - Likely (7)	haven_labelled	152	0.4847458	1	7	8	6.083916	1.441324	8	▁▁▁▂▁▅▇▁	F40.0	5

Value labels

Response choices
name	value
1	1
2	2
3	3
4	4
5	5
6	6
7	7
Prefer not to answer	8

SubjectiveNorm5

Most people who are important to me would consume organically grown fruits and vegetables if they were in my situation - Unlikely (1) - Likely (7)

Distribution

152 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	mean	sd	n_value_labels	hist	format.spss	display_width
SubjectiveNorm5	Most people who are important to me would consume organically grown fruits and vegetables if they were in my situation - Unlikely (1) - Likely (7)	haven_labelled	152	0.4847458	1	6	8	5.468532	1.643614	8	▁▁▂▅▅▇▇▁	F40.0	5

Value labels

Response choices
name	value
1	1
2	2
3	3
4	4
5	5
6	6
7	7
Prefer not to answer	8

ExitButton6

Please click ‘Exit’ and press arrow in bottom right corner to leave survey. Select ‘Prefer not to answer’ on all displayed questions.

Distribution

152 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	mean	sd	n_value_labels	hist	format.spss	display_width
ExitButton6	Please click ‘Exit’ and press arrow in bottom right corner to leave survey. Select ‘Prefer not to answer’ on all displayed questions.	haven_labelled	152	0.4847458	2	2	2	2	0	2	▁▁▁▇▁▁▁▁	F40.0	5

Value labels

Response choices
name	value
Exit	1
Continue	2

PerceivedBehaviouralControl1

For me, using shopping bags (reusable shopping bags) when shopping is… - Complicated (1) - Simple (7)

Distribution

152 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	mean	sd	n_value_labels	hist	format.spss	display_width
PerceivedBehaviouralControl1	For me, using shopping bags (reusable shopping bags) when shopping is… - Complicated (1) - Simple (7)	haven_labelled	152	0.4847458	1	7	8	6.090909	1.491332	8	▁▁▁▁▂▃▇▁	F40.0	5

Value labels

Response choices
name	value
1	1
2	2
3	3
4	4
5	5
6	6
7	7
Prefer not to answer	8

PerceivedBehaviouralControl2

Eating leftover food from previous day(s) is not very complex - Disagree (1) - Agree (7)

Distribution

152 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	mean	sd	n_value_labels	hist	format.spss	display_width
PerceivedBehaviouralControl2	Eating leftover food from previous day(s) is not very complex - Disagree (1) - Agree (7)	haven_labelled	152	0.4847458	1	7	8	6.321678	1.31407	8	▁▁▁▁▁▂▇▁	F40.0	5

Value labels

Response choices
name	value
1	1
2	2
3	3
4	4
5	5
6	6
7	7
Prefer not to answer	8

PerceivedBehaviouralControl3

Sorting waste is… - Laborious (1) - Easy (7)

Distribution

152 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	mean	sd	n_value_labels	hist	format.spss	display_width
PerceivedBehaviouralControl3	Sorting waste is… - Laborious (1) - Easy (7)	haven_labelled	152	0.4847458	1	5	8	5.125874	1.751728	8	▁▂▃▅▆▅▇▁	F40.0	5

Value labels

Response choices
name	value
1	1
2	2
3	3
4	4
5	5
6	6
7	7
Prefer not to answer	8

PerceivedBehaviouralControl4

If I wanted to eat beef (e.g., beef steak and beef burger), it would be easy for me to do so - Disagree (1) - Agree (7)

Distribution

152 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	mean	sd	n_value_labels	hist	format.spss	display_width
PerceivedBehaviouralControl4	If I wanted to eat beef (e.g., beef steak and beef burger),
it would be easy for me to do so - Disagree (1) - Agree (7)	haven_labelled	152	0.4847458	1	7	8	6.118881	1.545049	8	▁▁▁▁▁▃▇▁	F40.0	5

Value labels

Response choices
name	value
1	1
2	2
3	3
4	4
5	5
6	6
7	7
Prefer not to answer	8

PerceivedBehaviouralControl5

Whether I consume organically grown fruits and vegetables is completely up to me - Disagree (1) - Agree (7)

Distribution

152 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	mean	sd	n_value_labels	hist	format.spss	display_width
PerceivedBehaviouralControl5	Whether I consume organically grown fruits and vegetables is completely up to me - Disagree (1) - Agree (7)	haven_labelled	152	0.4847458	1	7	8	5.874126	1.578318	8	▁▁▁▂▂▃▇▁	F40.0	5

Value labels

Response choices
name	value
1	1
2	2
3	3
4	4
5	5
6	6
7	7
Prefer not to answer	8

ExitButton7

Please click ‘Exit’ and press arrow in bottom right corner to leave survey. Select ‘Prefer not to answer’ on all displayed questions.

Distribution

152 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	mean	sd	n_value_labels	hist	format.spss	display_width
ExitButton7	Please click ‘Exit’ and press arrow in bottom right corner to leave survey. Select ‘Prefer not to answer’ on all displayed questions.	haven_labelled	152	0.4847458	2	2	2	2	0	2	▁▁▁▇▁▁▁▁	F40.0	5

Value labels

Response choices
name	value
Exit	1
Continue	2

ILOC1

Whether or not I get to be a leader depends mostly on my ability. - Strongly Disagree (1) - Strongly Agree (6)

Distribution

152 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	mean	sd	n_value_labels	hist	format.spss	display_width
ILOC1	Whether or not I get to be a leader depends mostly on my ability. - Strongly Disagree (1) - Strongly Agree (6)	haven_labelled	152	0.4847458	1	5	7	4.811189	1.150328	7	▁▁▂▅▁▇▆▁	F40.0	5

Value labels

Response choices
name	value
1	1
2	2
3	3
4	4
5	5
6	6
Prefer not to answer	7

ILOC2

Whether or not I get into a car accident depends mostly on how good a driver I am. - Strongly Disagree (1) - Strongly Agree (6)

Distribution

152 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	mean	sd	n_value_labels	hist	format.spss	display_width
ILOC2	Whether or not I get into a car accident depends mostly on how good a driver I am. - Strongly Disagree (1) - Strongly Agree (6)	haven_labelled	152	0.4847458	1	4	7	3.678322	1.436944	7	▂▃▅▇▁▃▁▁	F40.0	5

Value labels

Response choices
name	value
1	1
2	2
3	3
4	4
5	5
6	6
Prefer not to answer	7

ILOC3

When I make plans, I am almost certain I can make them work. - Strongly Disagree (1) - Strongly Agree (6)

Distribution

152 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	mean	sd	n_value_labels	hist	format.spss	display_width
ILOC3	When I make plans, I am almost certain I can make them work. - Strongly Disagree (1) - Strongly Agree (6)	haven_labelled	152	0.4847458	1	5	7	4.937063	0.9802039	7	▁▁▁▃▁▇▃▁	F40.0	5

Value labels

Response choices
name	value
1	1
2	2
3	3
4	4
5	5
6	6
Prefer not to answer	7

ILOC4

Whether or not I get to go to a good school depends on whether I go to the right people. - Strongly Disagree (1) - Strongly Agree (6)

Distribution

152 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	mean	sd	n_value_labels	hist	format.spss	display_width
ILOC4	Whether or not I get to go to a good school depends on whether I go to the right people. - Strongly Disagree (1) - Strongly Agree (6)	haven_labelled	152	0.4847458	1	4	7	3.685315	1.436053	7	▁▅▅▇▁▃▁▂	F40.0	5

Value labels

Response choices
name	value
1	1
2	2
3	3
4	4
5	5
6	6
Prefer not to answer	7

ILOC5

My life is determined by my own behaviour. - Strongly Disagree (1) - Strongly Agree (6)

Distribution

152 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	mean	sd	n_value_labels	hist	format.spss	display_width
ILOC5	My life is determined by my own behaviour. - Strongly Disagree (1) - Strongly Agree (6)	haven_labelled	152	0.4847458	1	5	7	4.993007	1.010484	7	▁▁▁▃▁▇▅▁	F40.0	5

Value labels

Response choices
name	value
1	1
2	2
3	3
4	4
5	5
6	6
Prefer not to answer	7

ILOC6

In order to have my plans work, I make sure they fit in with the desires of people who have power over me. - Strongly Disagree (1) - Strongly Agree (6)

Distribution

152 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	mean	sd	n_value_labels	hist	format.spss	display_width
ILOC6	In order to have my plans work, I make sure they fit in with the desires of people who have power over me. - Strongly Disagree (1) - Strongly Agree (6)	haven_labelled	152	0.4847458	1	4	7	3.818182	1.361629	7	▁▅▅▇▁▅▁▁	F40.0	5

Value labels

Response choices
name	value
1	1
2	2
3	3
4	4
5	5
6	6
Prefer not to answer	7

ILOC7

It is chiefly a matter of fate whether or not I have a few friends or many friends. - Strongly Disagree (1) - Strongly Agree (6)

Distribution

152 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	mean	sd	n_value_labels	hist	format.spss	display_width
ILOC7	It is chiefly a matter of fate whether or not I have a few friends or many friends. - Strongly Disagree (1) - Strongly Agree (6)	haven_labelled	152	0.4847458	1	3	7	3.251748	1.508047	7	▂▇▇▆▁▂▂▂	F40.0	5

Value labels

Response choices
name	value
1	1
2	2
3	3
4	4
5	5
6	6
Prefer not to answer	7

ILOC8

There are many things that interfere with what I want to do. - Strongly Disagree (1) - Strongly Agree (6)

Distribution

152 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	mean	sd	n_value_labels	hist	format.spss	display_width
ILOC8	There are many things that interfere with what I want to do. - Strongly Disagree (1) - Strongly Agree (6)	haven_labelled	152	0.4847458	1	4	7	4.027972	1.428799	7	▁▃▇▇▁▇▃▁	F40.0	5

Value labels

Response choices
name	value
1	1
2	2
3	3
4	4
5	5
6	6
Prefer not to answer	7

ExitButton8

Please click ‘Exit’ and press arrow in bottom right corner to leave survey. Select ‘Prefer not to answer’ on all displayed questions.

Distribution

152 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	mean	sd	n_value_labels	hist	format.spss	display_width
ExitButton8	Please click ‘Exit’ and press arrow in bottom right corner to leave survey. Select ‘Prefer not to answer’ on all displayed questions.	haven_labelled	152	0.4847458	1	2	2	1.993007	0.0836242	2	▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▇	F40.0	5

Value labels

Response choices
name	value
Exit	1
Continue	2

Intention1

I intend to use shopping bags (reusable shopping bags) when shopping over the next week - Strongly Disagree (1) - Strongly Agree (7)

Distribution

152 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	mean	sd	n_value_labels	hist	format.spss	display_width
Intention1	I intend to use shopping bags (reusable shopping bags) when shopping over the next week - Strongly Disagree (1) - Strongly Agree (7)	haven_labelled	152	0.4847458	1	7	8	6.216783	1.316953	8	▁▁▁▁▂▃▇▁	F40.0	5

Value labels

Response choices
name	value
1	1
2	2
3	3
4	4
5	5
6	6
7	7
Prefer not to answer	8

Intention2

I will eat leftover food from previous day(s) over the next week - Strongly Disagree (1) - Strongly Agree (7)

Distribution

152 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	mean	sd	n_value_labels	hist	format.spss	display_width
Intention2	I will eat leftover food from previous day(s) over the next week - Strongly Disagree (1) - Strongly Agree (7)	haven_labelled	152	0.4847458	1	7	8	6.230769	1.402675	8	▁▁▁▁▁▂▇▁	F40.0	5

Value labels

Response choices
name	value
1	1
2	2
3	3
4	4
5	5
6	6
7	7
Prefer not to answer	8

Intention3

I plan to sort waste over the next week - Strongly Disagree (1) - Strongly Agree (7)

Distribution

152 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	mean	sd	n_value_labels	hist	format.spss	display_width
Intention3	I plan to sort waste over the next week - Strongly Disagree (1) - Strongly Agree (7)	haven_labelled	152	0.4847458	1	6	8	5.363636	1.922972	8	▂▁▁▂▃▃▇▁	F40.0	5

Value labels

Response choices
name	value
1	1
2	2
3	3
4	4
5	5
6	6
7	7
Prefer not to answer	8

Intention4

I intend to eat beef (e.g., beef steak and beef burger) over the next week - Strongly Disagree (1) - Strongly Agree (7)

Distribution

152 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	mean	sd	n_value_labels	hist	format.spss	display_width
Intention4	I intend to eat beef (e.g., beef steak and beef burger)
over the next week - Strongly Disagree (1) - Strongly Agree (7)	haven_labelled	152	0.4847458	1	6	8	5.517482	1.80708	8	▁▁▁▂▃▂▇▁	F40.0	5

Value labels

Response choices
name	value
1	1
2	2
3	3
4	4
5	5
6	6
7	7
Prefer nor to answer	8

Intention5

I will consume organically grown fruits and vegetables over the next week - Strongly Disagree (1) - Strongly Agree (7)

Distribution

152 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	mean	sd	n_value_labels	hist	format.spss	display_width
Intention5	I will consume organically grown fruits and vegetables over the next week - Strongly Disagree (1) - Strongly Agree (7)	haven_labelled	152	0.4847458	1	5	8	5.055944	1.852962	8	▂▂▃▆▅▆▇▁	F40.0	5

Value labels

Response choices
name	value
1	1
2	2
3	3
4	4
5	5
6	6
7	7
Prefer not to answer	8

VAR00023

code

Distribution

0 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	n_unique	empty	min	max	whitespace	format.spss	display_width
VAR00023	code	character	0	1	130	144	0	5	0	A2000	15

VAR00030

Distribution

No non-missing values to show.

295 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	hist	format.spss	label
VAR00030	numeric	295	0	NA	NA	NA		F8.2	NA

VAR00031

Distribution

No non-missing values to show.

295 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	hist	format.spss	label
VAR00031	numeric	295	0	NA	NA	NA		F8.2	NA

VAR00032

Distribution

No non-missing values to show.

295 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	hist	format.spss	label
VAR00032	numeric	295	0	NA	NA	NA		F8.2	NA

VAR00033

Start Date

Distribution

94  unique, categorical values, so not shown.

201 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	n_unique	min	median	max	format.spss	display_width
VAR00033	Start Date	POSIXct	201	0.3186441	94	2026-01-12 23:23:20	2026-03-25 12:38:00.5	2026-04-04 11:15:06	DATETIME20	5

VAR00034

End Date

Distribution

94  unique, categorical values, so not shown.

201 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	n_unique	min	median	max	format.spss	display_width
VAR00034	End Date	POSIXct	201	0.3186441	94	2026-01-12 23:23:39	2026-03-25 13:07:57.5	2026-04-04 11:16:05	DATETIME20	5

VAR00035

Response Type

Distribution

201 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	mean	sd	n_value_labels	hist	format.spss	display_width
VAR00035	Response Type	haven_labelled	201	0.3186441	0	0	1	0.0106383	0.1031421	14	▇▁▁▁▁▁▁▁	F40.0	5

Value labels

Response choices
name	value
IP Address	0
Survey Preview	1
Survey Test	2
Imported	4
Spam	8
Survey Preview Spam	9
Imported Spam	12
Offline	16
Offline Survey Preview	17
EX	32
EX Spam	40
EX Offline	48
Reimported Imported	132
Synthetic	256

VAR00036

IP Address

Distribution

0 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	n_unique	empty	min	max	whitespace	format.spss	display_width
VAR00036	IP Address	character	0	1	53	202	0	15	0	A2000	15

VAR00037

Progress

Distribution

201 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	mean	sd	hist	format.spss	display_width
VAR00037	Progress	numeric	201	0.3186441	33	100	100	97.14894	13.5963	▁▁▁▁▇	F40.2	5

VAR00038

Duration (in seconds)

Distribution

201 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	mean	sd	hist	format.spss	display_width
VAR00038	Duration (in seconds)	numeric	201	0.3186441	17	49	6657	180.5851	800.0429	▇▁▁▁▁	F40.2	5

VAR00039

Finished

Distribution

201 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	mean	sd	n_value_labels	hist	format.spss	display_width
VAR00039	Finished	haven_labelled	201	0.3186441	0	1	1	0.9574468	0.2029298	2	▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▇	F40.0	5

Value labels

Response choices
name	value
False	0
True	1

VAR00040

Recorded Date

Distribution

94  unique, categorical values, so not shown.

201 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	n_unique	min	median	max	format.spss	display_width
VAR00040	Recorded Date	POSIXct	201	0.3186441	94	2026-01-12 23:23:39	2026-03-25 13:07:57.5	2026-04-09 14:54:34	DATETIME20	5

VAR00041

User Language

Distribution

0 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	n_unique	empty	min	max	whitespace	format.spss	display_width
VAR00041	User Language	character	0	1	2	201	0	2	0	A2000	15

VAR00042

Distribution

201 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	mean	sd	n_value_labels	hist	format.spss	display_width
VAR00042	Throughout this survey, you will be asked to complete questions related to your personal opinion about behaviours that promote the environment, the extent to which you find yourself being in control of the environment, and your intention to adopt environmentally sustainable behaviour. The survey should not require more than 15 minutes to complete. All data will be stored securely, and your identity will not be attached to your responses. Only the researcher and their supervisor will have access to the information you provide, and it will be kept in a secure location. You will not be identified in any presentation or publication resulting from this research. Although participants may be subject to minor boredom or fatigue while answering the survey questions, there are no anticipated risks greater than those encountered in daily life and your contribution will help us better understand the factors that shape environmentally responsible behaviour. This study will take no more than 30 minutes of your time and i	haven_labelled	201	0.3186441	1	1	1	1	0	2	▁▁▁▇▁▁▁▁	F40.0	5

Value labels

Response choices
name	value
Yes	1
No	2

VAR00043

Please type your student identification number in the box below:

Distribution

0 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	n_unique	empty	min	max	whitespace	format.spss	display_width
VAR00043	Please type your student identification number in the box below:	character	0	1	76	201	0	9	0	A2000	15

ExitButton9

Click ‘Exit’ and press the arrow in bottom right corner to leave the survey. *No answers can be left blank

Distribution

201 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	mean	sd	n_value_labels	hist	format.spss	display_width
ExitButton9	Click ‘Exit’ and press the arrow in bottom right corner to leave the survey. *No answers can be left blank	haven_labelled	201	0.3186441	2	2	2	2	0	2	▁▁▁▇▁▁▁▁	F40.0	5

Value labels

Response choices
name	value
Exit	1
Continue	2

ExitButton10

Click ‘Exit’ and press arrow in bottom right corner to leave the survey. *Select prefer not to answer on all displayed questions

Distribution

205 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	mean	sd	n_value_labels	hist	format.spss	display_width
ExitButton10	Click ‘Exit’ and press arrow in bottom right corner to leave the survey. *Select prefer not to answer on all displayed questions	haven_labelled	205	0.3050847	1	2	2	1.988889	0.1054093	2	▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▇	F40.0	5

Value labels

Response choices
name	value
Exit	1
Continue	2

PEB1

During the past week, how often did you use shopping bags (reusable shopping bags) when shopping? - Never (1) - Always (7)

Distribution

205 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	mean	sd	n_value_labels	hist	format.spss	display_width
PEB1	During the past week, how often did you use shopping bags (reusable shopping bags) when shopping? - Never (1) - Always (7)	haven_labelled	205	0.3050847	1	6	8	5.355556	1.921558	8	▂▂▁▃▃▂▇▁	F40.0	5

Value labels

Response choices
name	value
1	1
2	2
3	3
4	4
5	5
6	6
7	7
Prefer not to answer	8

PEB2

During the past week, how often did you eat leftover food from the previous day(s)? - Never (1) - Always (7)

Distribution

205 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	mean	sd	n_value_labels	hist	format.spss	display_width
PEB2	During the past week, how often did you eat leftover food from the previous day(s)? - Never (1) - Always (7)	haven_labelled	205	0.3050847	1	5	8	5.277778	1.715938	8	▁▂▁▅▆▅▇▁	F40.0	5

Value labels

Response choices
name	value
1	1
2	2
3	3
4	4
5	5
6	6
7	7
Prefer not to answer	8

PEB3

During the past week, how often did you sort waste? - Never (1) - Always (7)

Distribution

205 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	mean	sd	n_value_labels	hist	format.spss	display_width
PEB3	During the past week, how often did you sort waste? - Never (1) - Always (7)	haven_labelled	205	0.3050847	1	5	8	4.766667	1.902394	8	▂▂▅▇▃▆▇▁	F40.0	5

Value labels

Response choices
name	value
1	1
2	2
3	3
4	4
5	5
6	6
7	7
Prefer not to answer	8

PEB4

During the past week, how often did you eat beef (e.g., beef steak and beef burger)? - Never (1) - Always (7)

Distribution

205 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	mean	sd	n_value_labels	hist	format.spss	display_width
PEB4	During the past week, how often did you eat beef (e.g., beef steak and beef burger)? - Never (1) - Always (7)	haven_labelled	205	0.3050847	1	4	8	4.233333	1.931699	8	▃▂▃▇▃▃▃▁	F40.0	5

Value labels

Response choices
name	value
1	1
2	2
3	3
4	4
5	5
6	6
7	7
Prefer not to answer	8

PEB5

During the past week, how often did you consume organically grown fruits and vegetables? - Never (1) - Always (7)

Distribution

205 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	mean	sd	n_value_labels	hist	format.spss	display_width
PEB5	During the past week, how often did you consume organically grown fruits and vegetables? - Never (1) - Always (7)	haven_labelled	205	0.3050847	1	4	8	4.455556	1.787353	8	▂▃▂▇▅▇▂▁	F40.0	5

Value labels

Response choices
name	value
1	1
2	2
3	3
4	4
5	5
6	6
7	7
Prefer not to answer	8

VAR00044

code

Distribution

0 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	n_unique	empty	min	max	whitespace	format.spss	display_width
VAR00044	code	character	0	1	74	202	0	5	0	A2000	15

Missingness report

Codebook table

name	label	data_type	value_labels	n_missing	complete_rate	n_unique	empty	min	median	max	mean	sd	whitespace	n_value_labels	hist	format.spss	display_width
StartDate	Start Date	POSIXct	NA	0	1.0000000	294	NA	2025-12-13 18:24:35	2026-03-03 20:16:49	2026-04-01 16:51:03	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	DATETIME20	5
EndDate	End Date	POSIXct	NA	0	1.0000000	295	NA	2025-12-13 18:24:54	2026-03-03 20:17:06	2026-04-01 16:51:22	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	DATETIME20	5
Status	Response Type	haven_labelled	0. IP Address, 1. Survey Preview, 2. Survey Test, 4. Imported, 8. Spam, 9. Survey Preview Spam, 12. Imported Spam, 16. Offline, 17. Offline Survey Preview, 32. EX, 40. EX Spam, 48. EX Offline, 132. Reimported Imported, 256. Synthetic	0	1.0000000	NA	NA	0	0	1	0.0576271	2.334330e-01	NA	14	▇▁▁▁▁▁▁▁	F40.0	5
IPAddress	IP Address	character	NA	0	1.0000000	105	17	0	NA	15	NA	NA	0	NA	NA	A2000	15
Progress	Progress	numeric	NA	0	1.0000000	NA	NA	25	100	100	98.2203390	1.143462e+01	NA	NA	▁▁▁▁▇	F40.2	5
Duration_in_seconds	Duration (in seconds)	numeric	NA	0	1.0000000	NA	NA	6	72	391962	1538.1152542	2.285435e+04	NA	NA	▇▁▁▁▁	F40.2	5
Finished	Finished	haven_labelled	0. False, 1. True	0	1.0000000	NA	NA	0	1	1	0.9762712	1.524616e-01	NA	2	▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▇	F40.0	5
RecordedDate	Recorded Date	POSIXct	NA	0	1.0000000	294	NA	2025-12-13 18:24:54	2026-03-04 20:14:37	2026-04-08 09:36:11	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	DATETIME20	5
UserLanguage	User Language	character	NA	0	1.0000000	1	0	2	NA	2	NA	NA	0	NA	NA	A2000	15
Consent_Statement	Throughout this survey, you will be asked to complete questions related to your personal opinion about behaviours that promote the environment, the extent to which you find yourself being in control of the environment, and your intention to adopt environmentally sustainable behaviour. The survey should not require more than 15 minutes to complete. All data will be stored securely, and your identity will not be attached to your responses. Only the researcher and their supervisor will have access to the information you provide, and it will be kept in a secure location. You will not be identified in any presentation or publication resulting from this research. Although participants may be subject to minor boredom or fatigue while answering the survey questions, there are no anticipated risks greater than those encountered in daily life and your contribution will help us better understand the factors that shape environmentally responsible behaviour. This study will take no more than 30 minutes of your time and i	haven_labelled	1. Yes, 2. No	0	1.0000000	NA	NA	1	1	2	1.0135593	1.158489e-01	NA	2	▇▁▁▁▁▁▁▁	F40.0	5
Student_ID	Please type your student identification number in the box below:	character	NA	0	1.0000000	215	0	1	NA	44	NA	NA	0	NA	NA	A2000	15
ExitButton1	Click ‘Exit’ and press arrow in bottom right corner to leave the survey. *No answers can be left blank	haven_labelled	1. Exit, 2. Continue	1	0.9966102	NA	NA	1	2	2	1.8911565	3.119738e-01	NA	2	▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▇	F40.0	5
ExitButton2	Click ‘Exit’ and press arrow in bottom right corner to leave the survey. *Select ‘Prefer not to answer’ on all displayed questions.	haven_labelled	1. Exit, 2. Continue	55	0.8135593	NA	NA	1	2	2	1.9500000	2.184004e-01	NA	2	▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▇	F40.0	5
Age	Age	haven_labelled	1. 17, 2. 18, 3. 19, 4. 20, 5. 21, 6. 22, 7. 23+, 8. Prefer not to answer	41	0.8610169	NA	NA	1	5	8	4.7952756	1.693226e+00	NA	8	▁▂▃▇▆▃▃▂	F40.0	5
Gender	Gender	haven_labelled	1. Male, 2. Female, 3. Other, 4. Prefer not to answer	41	0.8610169	NA	NA	1	2	4	2.1023622	6.751916e-01	NA	4	▁▁▇▁▁▁▁▁	F40.0	5
Ethnicity	Ethnicity	haven_labelled	1. White/Caucasian, 2. Hispanic/Latino, 3. Black/African American, 4. Asian, 5. Indigenous, 6. Pacific Islander, 7. Other, 8. Prefer not to answer	41	0.8610169	NA	NA	1	1	8	2.9212598	2.621306e+00	NA	8	▇▁▁▁▁▁▂▁	F40.0	5
YearOfStudy	Year of Study	haven_labelled	1. 1, 2. 2, 3. 3, 4. 4, 5. 5, 6. 6+, 7. Prefer not to answer	41	0.8610169	NA	NA	1	3	7	3.2086614	1.388748e+00	NA	7	▂▃▇▅▁▁▁▁	F40.0	5
Faculty	Academic Faculty	haven_labelled	1. Arts, Humanities, and Social Sciences, 2. Education, 3. Engineering, 4. Human Kinetics, 5. Law, 6. Nursing, 7. Odette School of Business, 8. Science, 9. Other, 10. Prefer not to answer	41	0.8610169	NA	NA	1	1	10	3.1062992	3.234040e+00	NA	10	▇▁▁▁▁▁▂▁	F40.0	5
PoliticalAffiliationsinOntario	Political Affiliations in Ontario	haven_labelled	1. Conservative Party, 2. Liberal Party, 3. New Democratic Party, 4. Green Party, 5. Other, 6. Prefer not to answer	41	0.8610169	NA	NA	1	3	6	3.4803150	1.985522e+00	NA	6	▃▇▁▂▁▁▁▇	F40.0	5
MaritalStatus	Marital Status	haven_labelled	1. Single, 2. Married, 3. Engaged, 4. Divorced, 5. Prefer not to answer	41	0.8610169	NA	NA	1	1	5	1.5866142	1.309127e+00	NA	5	▇▁▁▁▁▁▁▁	F40.0	5
NumberOfChildren	Number of Children Within Your Custody (i.e. Legal Parenting Responsibility)	haven_labelled	1. 1, 2. 2, 3. 3, 4. 4, 5. 5, 6. 6+, 7. Prefer not to answer	41	0.8610169	NA	NA	1	7	7	6.5393701	1.462450e+00	NA	7	▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▇	F40.0	5
code	code	character	NA	0	1.0000000	204	22	0	NA	5	NA	NA	0	NA	NA	A2000	15
VAR00001	NA	numeric	NA	295	0.0000000	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NaN	NA	NA	NA		F8.2	NA
VAR00002	NA	numeric	NA	295	0.0000000	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NaN	NA	NA	NA		F8.2	NA
VAR00003	NA	numeric	NA	295	0.0000000	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NaN	NA	NA	NA		F8.2	NA
VAR00004	Start Date	POSIXct	NA	126	0.5728814	169	NA	2025-09-18 21:19:13	2026-03-04 22:03:25	2026-04-04 10:03:50	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	DATETIME20	5
VAR00005	End Date	POSIXct	NA	126	0.5728814	169	NA	2025-09-18 21:21:48	2026-03-04 22:45:00	2026-04-04 10:09:58	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	DATETIME20	5
VAR00006	Response Type	haven_labelled	0. IP Address, 1. Survey Preview, 2. Survey Test, 4. Imported, 8. Spam, 9. Survey Preview Spam, 12. Imported Spam, 16. Offline, 17. Offline Survey Preview, 32. EX, 40. EX Spam, 48. EX Offline, 132. Reimported Imported, 256. Synthetic	126	0.5728814	NA	NA	0	0	1	0.0828402	2.764597e-01	NA	14	▇▁▁▁▁▁▁▁	F40.0	5
VAR00008	Progress	numeric	NA	126	0.5728814	NA	NA	8	100	100	96.7337278	1.707494e+01	NA	NA	▁▁▁▁▇	F40.2	5
VAR00009	Duration (in seconds)	numeric	NA	126	0.5728814	NA	NA	6	207	145383	3521.5857988	1.720714e+04	NA	NA	▇▁▁▁▁	F40.2	5
VAR00010	Finished	haven_labelled	0. False, 1. True	126	0.5728814	NA	NA	0	1	1	0.9644970	1.855972e-01	NA	2	▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▇	F40.0	5
VAR00011	Recorded Date	POSIXct	NA	126	0.5728814	169	NA	2025-09-18 21:21:48	2026-03-05 10:46:38	2026-04-06 22:32:57	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	DATETIME20	5
VAR00020	User Language	character	NA	0	1.0000000	2	126	0	NA	2	NA	NA	0	NA	NA	A2000	15
VAR00021	Throughout this survey, you will be asked to complete questions related to your personal opinion about behaviours that promote the environment, the extent to which you find yourself being in control of the environment, and your intention to adopt environmentally sustainable behaviour. The survey should not require more than 15 minutes to complete. All data will be stored securely, and your identity will not be attached to your responses. Only the researcher and their supervisor will have access to the information you provide, and it will be kept in a secure location. You will not be identified in any presentation or publication resulting from this research. Although participants may be subject to minor boredom or fatigue while answering the survey questions, there are no anticipated risks greater than those encountered in daily life and your contribution will help us better understand the factors that shape environmentally responsible behaviour. This study will take no more than 30 minutes of your time and i	haven_labelled	1. Yes, 2. No	130	0.5593220	NA	NA	1	1	2	1.0424242	2.021686e-01	NA	2	▇▁▁▁▁▁▁▁	F40.0	5
VAR00022	Please type your student identification number in the box below:	character	NA	0	1.0000000	138	130	0	NA	21	NA	NA	0	NA	NA	A2000	15
ExitButton3	Please click ‘Exit’ and press arrow in bottom right corner to leave survey. *No answers can be left blank	haven_labelled	1. Exit, 2. Continue	131	0.5559322	NA	NA	1	2	2	1.9512195	2.160686e-01	NA	2	▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▇	F40.0	5
ExitButton4	Please click ‘Exit’ and press arrow in bottom right corner to leave survey. Select ‘Prefer not to answer’ on all displayed questions.	haven_labelled	1. Exit, 2. Continue	159	0.4610169	NA	NA	1	2	2	1.9779412	1.474179e-01	NA	2	▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▇	F40.0	5
Attitude1	My attitude toward using shopping bags (reusable shopping bags) when shopping is… - Negative (1) - Positive (7)	haven_labelled	1. 1, 2. 2, 3. 3, 4. 4, 5. 5, 6. 6, 7. 7, 8. Prefer not to answer	149	0.4949153	NA	NA	1	7	8	6.1301370	1.444436e+00	NA	8	▁▁▁▁▂▂▇▁	F40.0	5
Attitude2	I find that eating leftover food from previous day(s) is a… - Bad Idea (1) - Good Idea (7)	haven_labelled	1. 1, 2. 2, 3. 3, 4. 4, 5. 5, 6. 6, 7. 7, 8. Prefer not to answer	149	0.4949153	NA	NA	1	7	8	6.1369863	1.316370e+00	NA	8	▁▁▁▁▂▃▇▁	F40.0	5
Attitude3	I find that sorting waste is… - Disadvantageous (1) - Advantageous (7)	haven_labelled	1. 1, 2. 2, 3. 3, 4. 4, 5. 5, 6. 6, 7. 7, 8. Prefer not to answer	149	0.4949153	NA	NA	1	6	8	5.7602740	1.486977e+00	NA	8	▁▁▁▃▃▆▇▁	F40.0	5
Attitude4	I find that eating beef (e.g., beef steak and beef burger) is… - Not Desirable (1) - Desirable (7)	haven_labelled	1. 1, 2. 2, 3. 3, 4. 4, 5. 5, 6. 6, 8. 7, 9. Prefer not to answer	149	0.4949153	NA	NA	1	6	9	6.0821918	2.089405e+00	NA	8	▁▁▃▂▃▁▇▁	F40.0	5
Attitude5	I find that consuming organically grown fruits and vegetables is… - Not Reasonable (1) - Reasonable (7)	haven_labelled	1. 1, 2. 2, 3. 3, 4. 4, 5. 5, 6. 6, 7. 7, 8. Prefer not to answer	149	0.4949153	NA	NA	1	6	8	5.9452055	1.418016e+00	NA	8	▁▁▁▂▃▅▇▁	F40.0	5
ExitButton5	Please click ‘Exit’ and press arrow in bottom right corner to leave survey. Select ‘Prefer not to answer’ on all displayed questions.	haven_labelled	1. Exit, 2. Continue	152	0.4847458	NA	NA	2	2	2	2.0000000	0.000000e+00	NA	2	▁▁▁▇▁▁▁▁	F40.0	5
SubjectiveNorm1	Most people who are important to me would find it good if I used shopping bags (reusable shopping bags) when shopping - Unlikely (1) - Likely (7)	haven_labelled	1. 1, 2. 2, 3. 3, 4. 4, 5. 5, 6. 6, 7. 7, 8. Prefer not to answer	152	0.4847458	NA	NA	1	6	8	5.6783217	1.572660e+00	NA	8	▁▁▁▃▃▇▇▁	F40.0	5
SubjectiveNorm2	Most people who are important to me would want me to eat leftover food from previous day(s) - Unlikely (1) - Likely (7)	haven_labelled	1. 1, 2. 2, 3. 3, 4. 4, 5. 5, 6. 6, 7. 7, 8. Prefer not to answer	152	0.4847458	NA	NA	1	6	8	6.0139860	1.316130e+00	NA	8	▁▁▁▁▂▇▇▁	F40.0	5
SubjectiveNorm3	The people who are important to me would find it desirable if I sorted waste - Unlikely (1) - Likely (7)	haven_labelled	1. 1, 2. 2, 3. 3, 4. 4, 5. 5, 6. 6, 7. 7, 8. Prefer not to answer	152	0.4847458	NA	NA	1	6	8	5.3076923	1.704306e+00	NA	8	▁▂▂▃▇▇▇▁	F40.0	5
SubjectiveNorm4	The people who are important to me would support my decision of eating beef (e.g., beef steak and beef burger) - Unlikely (1) - Likely (7)	haven_labelled	1. 1, 2. 2, 3. 3, 4. 4, 5. 5, 6. 6, 7. 7, 8. Prefer not to answer	152	0.4847458	NA	NA	1	7	8	6.0839161	1.441324e+00	NA	8	▁▁▁▂▁▅▇▁	F40.0	5
SubjectiveNorm5	Most people who are important to me would consume organically grown fruits and vegetables if they were in my situation - Unlikely (1) - Likely (7)	haven_labelled	1. 1, 2. 2, 3. 3, 4. 4, 5. 5, 6. 6, 7. 7, 8. Prefer not to answer	152	0.4847458	NA	NA	1	6	8	5.4685315	1.643614e+00	NA	8	▁▁▂▅▅▇▇▁	F40.0	5
ExitButton6	Please click ‘Exit’ and press arrow in bottom right corner to leave survey. Select ‘Prefer not to answer’ on all displayed questions.	haven_labelled	1. Exit, 2. Continue	152	0.4847458	NA	NA	2	2	2	2.0000000	0.000000e+00	NA	2	▁▁▁▇▁▁▁▁	F40.0	5
PerceivedBehaviouralControl1	For me, using shopping bags (reusable shopping bags) when shopping is… - Complicated (1) - Simple (7)	haven_labelled	1. 1, 2. 2, 3. 3, 4. 4, 5. 5, 6. 6, 7. 7, 8. Prefer not to answer	152	0.4847458	NA	NA	1	7	8	6.0909091	1.491332e+00	NA	8	▁▁▁▁▂▃▇▁	F40.0	5
PerceivedBehaviouralControl2	Eating leftover food from previous day(s) is not very complex - Disagree (1) - Agree (7)	haven_labelled	1. 1, 2. 2, 3. 3, 4. 4, 5. 5, 6. 6, 7. 7, 8. Prefer not to answer	152	0.4847458	NA	NA	1	7	8	6.3216783	1.314070e+00	NA	8	▁▁▁▁▁▂▇▁	F40.0	5
PerceivedBehaviouralControl3	Sorting waste is… - Laborious (1) - Easy (7)	haven_labelled	1. 1, 2. 2, 3. 3, 4. 4, 5. 5, 6. 6, 7. 7, 8. Prefer not to answer	152	0.4847458	NA	NA	1	5	8	5.1258741	1.751728e+00	NA	8	▁▂▃▅▆▅▇▁	F40.0	5
PerceivedBehaviouralControl4	If I wanted to eat beef (e.g., beef steak and beef burger),
it would be easy for me to do so - Disagree (1) - Agree (7)	haven_labelled	1. 1, 2. 2, 3. 3, 4. 4, 5. 5, 6. 6, 7. 7, 8. Prefer not to answer	152	0.4847458	NA	NA	1	7	8	6.1188811	1.545049e+00	NA	8	▁▁▁▁▁▃▇▁	F40.0	5
PerceivedBehaviouralControl5	Whether I consume organically grown fruits and vegetables is completely up to me - Disagree (1) - Agree (7)	haven_labelled	1. 1, 2. 2, 3. 3, 4. 4, 5. 5, 6. 6, 7. 7, 8. Prefer not to answer	152	0.4847458	NA	NA	1	7	8	5.8741259	1.578318e+00	NA	8	▁▁▁▂▂▃▇▁	F40.0	5
ExitButton7	Please click ‘Exit’ and press arrow in bottom right corner to leave survey. Select ‘Prefer not to answer’ on all displayed questions.	haven_labelled	1. Exit, 2. Continue	152	0.4847458	NA	NA	2	2	2	2.0000000	0.000000e+00	NA	2	▁▁▁▇▁▁▁▁	F40.0	5
ILOC1	Whether or not I get to be a leader depends mostly on my ability. - Strongly Disagree (1) - Strongly Agree (6)	haven_labelled	1. 1, 2. 2, 3. 3, 4. 4, 5. 5, 6. 6, 7. Prefer not to answer	152	0.4847458	NA	NA	1	5	7	4.8111888	1.150328e+00	NA	7	▁▁▂▅▁▇▆▁	F40.0	5
ILOC2	Whether or not I get into a car accident depends mostly on how good a driver I am. - Strongly Disagree (1) - Strongly Agree (6)	haven_labelled	1. 1, 2. 2, 3. 3, 4. 4, 5. 5, 6. 6, 7. Prefer not to answer	152	0.4847458	NA	NA	1	4	7	3.6783217	1.436944e+00	NA	7	▂▃▅▇▁▃▁▁	F40.0	5
ILOC3	When I make plans, I am almost certain I can make them work. - Strongly Disagree (1) - Strongly Agree (6)	haven_labelled	1. 1, 2. 2, 3. 3, 4. 4, 5. 5, 6. 6, 7. Prefer not to answer	152	0.4847458	NA	NA	1	5	7	4.9370629	9.802039e-01	NA	7	▁▁▁▃▁▇▃▁	F40.0	5
ILOC4	Whether or not I get to go to a good school depends on whether I go to the right people. - Strongly Disagree (1) - Strongly Agree (6)	haven_labelled	1. 1, 2. 2, 3. 3, 4. 4, 5. 5, 6. 6, 7. Prefer not to answer	152	0.4847458	NA	NA	1	4	7	3.6853147	1.436053e+00	NA	7	▁▅▅▇▁▃▁▂	F40.0	5
ILOC5	My life is determined by my own behaviour. - Strongly Disagree (1) - Strongly Agree (6)	haven_labelled	1. 1, 2. 2, 3. 3, 4. 4, 5. 5, 6. 6, 7. Prefer not to answer	152	0.4847458	NA	NA	1	5	7	4.9930070	1.010484e+00	NA	7	▁▁▁▃▁▇▅▁	F40.0	5
ILOC6	In order to have my plans work, I make sure they fit in with the desires of people who have power over me. - Strongly Disagree (1) - Strongly Agree (6)	haven_labelled	1. 1, 2. 2, 3. 3, 4. 4, 5. 5, 6. 6, 7. Prefer not to answer	152	0.4847458	NA	NA	1	4	7	3.8181818	1.361629e+00	NA	7	▁▅▅▇▁▅▁▁	F40.0	5
ILOC7	It is chiefly a matter of fate whether or not I have a few friends or many friends. - Strongly Disagree (1) - Strongly Agree (6)	haven_labelled	1. 1, 2. 2, 3. 3, 4. 4, 5. 5, 6. 6, 7. Prefer not to answer	152	0.4847458	NA	NA	1	3	7	3.2517483	1.508047e+00	NA	7	▂▇▇▆▁▂▂▂	F40.0	5
ILOC8	There are many things that interfere with what I want to do. - Strongly Disagree (1) - Strongly Agree (6)	haven_labelled	1. 1, 2. 2, 3. 3, 4. 4, 5. 5, 6. 6, 7. Prefer not to answer	152	0.4847458	NA	NA	1	4	7	4.0279720	1.428799e+00	NA	7	▁▃▇▇▁▇▃▁	F40.0	5
ExitButton8	Please click ‘Exit’ and press arrow in bottom right corner to leave survey. Select ‘Prefer not to answer’ on all displayed questions.	haven_labelled	1. Exit, 2. Continue	152	0.4847458	NA	NA	1	2	2	1.9930070	8.362420e-02	NA	2	▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▇	F40.0	5
Intention1	I intend to use shopping bags (reusable shopping bags) when shopping over the next week - Strongly Disagree (1) - Strongly Agree (7)	haven_labelled	1. 1, 2. 2, 3. 3, 4. 4, 5. 5, 6. 6, 7. 7, 8. Prefer not to answer	152	0.4847458	NA	NA	1	7	8	6.2167832	1.316953e+00	NA	8	▁▁▁▁▂▃▇▁	F40.0	5
Intention2	I will eat leftover food from previous day(s) over the next week - Strongly Disagree (1) - Strongly Agree (7)	haven_labelled	1. 1, 2. 2, 3. 3, 4. 4, 5. 5, 6. 6, 7. 7, 8. Prefer not to answer	152	0.4847458	NA	NA	1	7	8	6.2307692	1.402675e+00	NA	8	▁▁▁▁▁▂▇▁	F40.0	5
Intention3	I plan to sort waste over the next week - Strongly Disagree (1) - Strongly Agree (7)	haven_labelled	1. 1, 2. 2, 3. 3, 4. 4, 5. 5, 6. 6, 7. 7, 8. Prefer not to answer	152	0.4847458	NA	NA	1	6	8	5.3636364	1.922972e+00	NA	8	▂▁▁▂▃▃▇▁	F40.0	5
Intention4	I intend to eat beef (e.g., beef steak and beef burger)
over the next week - Strongly Disagree (1) - Strongly Agree (7)	haven_labelled	1. 1, 2. 2, 3. 3, 4. 4, 5. 5, 6. 6, 7. 7, 8. Prefer nor to answer	152	0.4847458	NA	NA	1	6	8	5.5174825	1.807080e+00	NA	8	▁▁▁▂▃▂▇▁	F40.0	5
Intention5	I will consume organically grown fruits and vegetables over the next week - Strongly Disagree (1) - Strongly Agree (7)	haven_labelled	1. 1, 2. 2, 3. 3, 4. 4, 5. 5, 6. 6, 7. 7, 8. Prefer not to answer	152	0.4847458	NA	NA	1	5	8	5.0559441	1.852962e+00	NA	8	▂▂▃▆▅▆▇▁	F40.0	5
VAR00023	code	character	NA	0	1.0000000	130	144	0	NA	5	NA	NA	0	NA	NA	A2000	15
VAR00030	NA	numeric	NA	295	0.0000000	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NaN	NA	NA	NA		F8.2	NA
VAR00031	NA	numeric	NA	295	0.0000000	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NaN	NA	NA	NA		F8.2	NA
VAR00032	NA	numeric	NA	295	0.0000000	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NaN	NA	NA	NA		F8.2	NA
VAR00033	Start Date	POSIXct	NA	201	0.3186441	94	NA	2026-01-12 23:23:20	2026-03-25 12:38:00.5	2026-04-04 11:15:06	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	DATETIME20	5
VAR00034	End Date	POSIXct	NA	201	0.3186441	94	NA	2026-01-12 23:23:39	2026-03-25 13:07:57.5	2026-04-04 11:16:05	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	DATETIME20	5
VAR00035	Response Type	haven_labelled	0. IP Address, 1. Survey Preview, 2. Survey Test, 4. Imported, 8. Spam, 9. Survey Preview Spam, 12. Imported Spam, 16. Offline, 17. Offline Survey Preview, 32. EX, 40. EX Spam, 48. EX Offline, 132. Reimported Imported, 256. Synthetic	201	0.3186441	NA	NA	0	0	1	0.0106383	1.031421e-01	NA	14	▇▁▁▁▁▁▁▁	F40.0	5
VAR00036	IP Address	character	NA	0	1.0000000	53	202	0	NA	15	NA	NA	0	NA	NA	A2000	15
VAR00037	Progress	numeric	NA	201	0.3186441	NA	NA	33	100	100	97.1489362	1.359630e+01	NA	NA	▁▁▁▁▇	F40.2	5
VAR00038	Duration (in seconds)	numeric	NA	201	0.3186441	NA	NA	17	49	6657	180.5851064	8.000429e+02	NA	NA	▇▁▁▁▁	F40.2	5
VAR00039	Finished	haven_labelled	0. False, 1. True	201	0.3186441	NA	NA	0	1	1	0.9574468	2.029298e-01	NA	2	▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▇	F40.0	5
VAR00040	Recorded Date	POSIXct	NA	201	0.3186441	94	NA	2026-01-12 23:23:39	2026-03-25 13:07:57.5	2026-04-09 14:54:34	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	DATETIME20	5
VAR00041	User Language	character	NA	0	1.0000000	2	201	0	NA	2	NA	NA	0	NA	NA	A2000	15
VAR00042	Throughout this survey, you will be asked to complete questions related to your personal opinion about behaviours that promote the environment, the extent to which you find yourself being in control of the environment, and your intention to adopt environmentally sustainable behaviour. The survey should not require more than 15 minutes to complete. All data will be stored securely, and your identity will not be attached to your responses. Only the researcher and their supervisor will have access to the information you provide, and it will be kept in a secure location. You will not be identified in any presentation or publication resulting from this research. Although participants may be subject to minor boredom or fatigue while answering the survey questions, there are no anticipated risks greater than those encountered in daily life and your contribution will help us better understand the factors that shape environmentally responsible behaviour. This study will take no more than 30 minutes of your time and i	haven_labelled	1. Yes, 2. No	201	0.3186441	NA	NA	1	1	1	1.0000000	0.000000e+00	NA	2	▁▁▁▇▁▁▁▁	F40.0	5
VAR00043	Please type your student identification number in the box below:	character	NA	0	1.0000000	76	201	0	NA	9	NA	NA	0	NA	NA	A2000	15
ExitButton9	Click ‘Exit’ and press the arrow in bottom right corner to leave the survey. *No answers can be left blank	haven_labelled	1. Exit, 2. Continue	201	0.3186441	NA	NA	2	2	2	2.0000000	0.000000e+00	NA	2	▁▁▁▇▁▁▁▁	F40.0	5
ExitButton10	Click ‘Exit’ and press arrow in bottom right corner to leave the survey. *Select prefer not to answer on all displayed questions	haven_labelled	1. Exit, 2. Continue	205	0.3050847	NA	NA	1	2	2	1.9888889	1.054093e-01	NA	2	▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▇	F40.0	5
PEB1	During the past week, how often did you use shopping bags (reusable shopping bags) when shopping? - Never (1) - Always (7)	haven_labelled	1. 1, 2. 2, 3. 3, 4. 4, 5. 5, 6. 6, 7. 7, 8. Prefer not to answer	205	0.3050847	NA	NA	1	6	8	5.3555556	1.921558e+00	NA	8	▂▂▁▃▃▂▇▁	F40.0	5
PEB2	During the past week, how often did you eat leftover food from the previous day(s)? - Never (1) - Always (7)	haven_labelled	1. 1, 2. 2, 3. 3, 4. 4, 5. 5, 6. 6, 7. 7, 8. Prefer not to answer	205	0.3050847	NA	NA	1	5	8	5.2777778	1.715938e+00	NA	8	▁▂▁▅▆▅▇▁	F40.0	5
PEB3	During the past week, how often did you sort waste? - Never (1) - Always (7)	haven_labelled	1. 1, 2. 2, 3. 3, 4. 4, 5. 5, 6. 6, 7. 7, 8. Prefer not to answer	205	0.3050847	NA	NA	1	5	8	4.7666667	1.902394e+00	NA	8	▂▂▅▇▃▆▇▁	F40.0	5
PEB4	During the past week, how often did you eat beef (e.g., beef steak and beef burger)? - Never (1) - Always (7)	haven_labelled	1. 1, 2. 2, 3. 3, 4. 4, 5. 5, 6. 6, 7. 7, 8. Prefer not to answer	205	0.3050847	NA	NA	1	4	8	4.2333333	1.931699e+00	NA	8	▃▂▃▇▃▃▃▁	F40.0	5
PEB5	During the past week, how often did you consume organically grown fruits and vegetables? - Never (1) - Always (7)	haven_labelled	1. 1, 2. 2, 3. 3, 4. 4, 5. 5, 6. 6, 7. 7, 8. Prefer not to answer	205	0.3050847	NA	NA	1	4	8	4.4555556	1.787353e+00	NA	8	▂▃▂▇▅▇▂▁	F40.0	5
VAR00044	code	character	NA	0	1.0000000	74	202	0	NA	5	NA	NA	0	NA	NA	A2000	15

JSON-LD metadata

The following JSON-LD can be found by search engines, if you share this codebook publicly on the web.

{
  "name": "Sebastian_Data",
  "datePublished": "2026-07-05",
  "description": "The dataset has N=295 rows and 92 columns.\n0 rows have no missing values on any column.\n\n\n## Table of variables\nThis table contains variable names, labels, and number of missing values.\nSee the complete codebook for more.\n\n[truncated]\n\n### Note\nThis dataset was automatically described using the [codebook R package](https://rubenarslan.github.io/codebook/) (version 0.10.1).",
  "keywords": ["StartDate", "EndDate", "Status", "IPAddress", "Progress", "Duration__in_seconds_", "Finished", "RecordedDate", "UserLanguage", "Consent_Statement", "Student_ID", "ExitButton1", "ExitButton2", "Age", "Gender", "Ethnicity", "YearOfStudy", "Faculty", "PoliticalAffiliationsinOntario", "MaritalStatus", "NumberOfChildren", "code", "VAR00001", "VAR00002", "VAR00003", "VAR00004", "VAR00005", "VAR00006", "VAR00008", "VAR00009", "VAR00010", "VAR00011", "VAR00020", "VAR00021", "VAR00022", "ExitButton3", "ExitButton4", "Attitude1", "Attitude2", "Attitude3", "Attitude4", "Attitude5", "ExitButton5", "SubjectiveNorm1", "SubjectiveNorm2", "SubjectiveNorm3", "SubjectiveNorm4", "SubjectiveNorm5", "ExitButton6", "PerceivedBehaviouralControl1", "PerceivedBehaviouralControl2", "PerceivedBehaviouralControl3", "PerceivedBehaviouralControl4", "PerceivedBehaviouralControl5", "ExitButton7", "ILOC1", "ILOC2", "ILOC3", "ILOC4", "ILOC5", "ILOC6", "ILOC7", "ILOC8", "ExitButton8", "Intention1", "Intention2", "Intention3", "Intention4", "Intention5", "VAR00023", "VAR00030", "VAR00031", "VAR00032", "VAR00033", "VAR00034", "VAR00035", "VAR00036", "VAR00037", "VAR00038", "VAR00039", "VAR00040", "VAR00041", "VAR00042", "VAR00043", "ExitButton9", "ExitButton10", "PEB1", "PEB2", "PEB3", "PEB4", "PEB5", "VAR00044"],
  "@context": "https://schema.org/",
  "@type": "Dataset",
  "variableMeasured": [
    {
      "name": "StartDate",
      "description": "Start Date",
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "EndDate",
      "description": "End Date",
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "Status",
      "description": "Response Type",
      "value": "0. IP Address,\n1. Survey Preview,\n2. Survey Test,\n4. Imported,\n8. Spam,\n9. Survey Preview Spam,\n12. Imported Spam,\n16. Offline,\n17. Offline Survey Preview,\n32. EX,\n40. EX Spam,\n48. EX Offline,\n132. Reimported Imported,\n256. Synthetic",
      "maxValue": 256,
      "minValue": 0,
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "IPAddress",
      "description": "IP Address",
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "Progress",
      "description": "Progress",
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "Duration__in_seconds_",
      "description": "Duration (in seconds)",
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "Finished",
      "description": "Finished",
      "value": "0. False,\n1. True",
      "maxValue": 1,
      "minValue": 0,
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "RecordedDate",
      "description": "Recorded Date",
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "UserLanguage",
      "description": "User Language",
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "Consent_Statement",
      "description": "Throughout this survey, you will be asked to complete questions related to your personal opinion about behaviours that promote the environment, the extent to which you find yourself being in control of the environment, and your intention to adopt environmentally sustainable behaviour. The survey should not require more than 15 minutes to complete. All data will be stored securely, and your identity will not be attached to your responses. Only the researcher and their supervisor will have access to the information you provide, and it will be kept in a secure location. You will not be identified in any presentation or publication resulting from this research. Although participants may be subject to minor boredom or fatigue while answering the survey questions, there are no anticipated risks greater than those encountered in daily life and your contribution will help us better understand the factors that shape environmentally responsible behaviour. This study will take no more than 30 minutes of your time and i",
      "value": "1. Yes,\n2. No",
      "maxValue": 2,
      "minValue": 1,
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "Student_ID",
      "description": "Please type your student identification number in the box below:",
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "ExitButton1",
      "description": "Click 'Exit' and press arrow in bottom right corner to leave the survey. *No answers can be left blank",
      "value": "1. Exit,\n2. Continue",
      "maxValue": 2,
      "minValue": 1,
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "ExitButton2",
      "description": "Click 'Exit' and press arrow in bottom right corner to leave the survey. *Select 'Prefer not to answer' on all displayed questions.",
      "value": "1. Exit,\n2. Continue",
      "maxValue": 2,
      "minValue": 1,
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "Age",
      "description": "Age",
      "value": "1. 17,\n2. 18,\n3. 19,\n4. 20,\n5. 21,\n6. 22,\n7. 23+,\n8. Prefer not to answer",
      "maxValue": 8,
      "minValue": 1,
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "Gender",
      "description": "Gender",
      "value": "1. Male,\n2. Female,\n3. Other,\n4. Prefer not to answer",
      "maxValue": 4,
      "minValue": 1,
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "Ethnicity",
      "description": "Ethnicity",
      "value": "1. White/Caucasian,\n2. Hispanic/Latino,\n3. Black/African American,\n4. Asian,\n5. Indigenous,\n6. Pacific Islander,\n7. Other,\n8. Prefer not to answer",
      "maxValue": 8,
      "minValue": 1,
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "YearOfStudy",
      "description": "Year of Study",
      "value": "1. 1,\n2. 2,\n3. 3,\n4. 4,\n5. 5,\n6. 6+,\n7. Prefer not to answer",
      "maxValue": 7,
      "minValue": 1,
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "Faculty",
      "description": "Academic Faculty",
      "value": "1. Arts, Humanities, and Social Sciences,\n2. Education,\n3. Engineering,\n4. Human Kinetics,\n5. Law,\n6. Nursing,\n7. Odette School of Business,\n8. Science,\n9. Other,\n10. Prefer not to answer",
      "maxValue": 10,
      "minValue": 1,
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "PoliticalAffiliationsinOntario",
      "description": "Political Affiliations in Ontario",
      "value": "1. Conservative Party,\n2. Liberal Party,\n3. New Democratic Party,\n4. Green Party,\n5. Other,\n6. Prefer not to answer",
      "maxValue": 6,
      "minValue": 1,
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "MaritalStatus",
      "description": "Marital Status",
      "value": "1. Single,\n2. Married,\n3. Engaged,\n4. Divorced,\n5. Prefer not to answer",
      "maxValue": 5,
      "minValue": 1,
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "NumberOfChildren",
      "description": "Number of Children Within Your Custody (i.e. Legal Parenting Responsibility)",
      "value": "1. 1,\n2. 2,\n3. 3,\n4. 4,\n5. 5,\n6. 6+,\n7. Prefer not to answer",
      "maxValue": 7,
      "minValue": 1,
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "code",
      "description": "code",
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "VAR00001",
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "VAR00002",
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "VAR00003",
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "VAR00004",
      "description": "Start Date",
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "VAR00005",
      "description": "End Date",
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "VAR00006",
      "description": "Response Type",
      "value": "0. IP Address,\n1. Survey Preview,\n2. Survey Test,\n4. Imported,\n8. Spam,\n9. Survey Preview Spam,\n12. Imported Spam,\n16. Offline,\n17. Offline Survey Preview,\n32. EX,\n40. EX Spam,\n48. EX Offline,\n132. Reimported Imported,\n256. Synthetic",
      "maxValue": 256,
      "minValue": 0,
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "VAR00008",
      "description": "Progress",
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "VAR00009",
      "description": "Duration (in seconds)",
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "VAR00010",
      "description": "Finished",
      "value": "0. False,\n1. True",
      "maxValue": 1,
      "minValue": 0,
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "VAR00011",
      "description": "Recorded Date",
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "VAR00020",
      "description": "User Language",
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "VAR00021",
      "description": "Throughout this survey, you will be asked to complete questions related to your personal opinion about behaviours that promote the environment, the extent to which you find yourself being in control of the environment, and your intention to adopt environmentally sustainable behaviour. The survey should not require more than 15 minutes to complete. All data will be stored securely, and your identity will not be attached to your responses. Only the researcher and their supervisor will have access to the information you provide, and it will be kept in a secure location. You will not be identified in any presentation or publication resulting from this research. Although participants may be subject to minor boredom or fatigue while answering the survey questions, there are no anticipated risks greater than those encountered in daily life and your contribution will help us better understand the factors that shape environmentally responsible behaviour. This study will take no more than 30 minutes of your time and i",
      "value": "1. Yes,\n2. No",
      "maxValue": 2,
      "minValue": 1,
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "VAR00022",
      "description": "Please type your student identification number in the box below:",
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "ExitButton3",
      "description": "Please click 'Exit' and press arrow in bottom right corner to leave survey. *No answers can be left blank",
      "value": "1. Exit,\n2. Continue",
      "maxValue": 2,
      "minValue": 1,
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "ExitButton4",
      "description": "Please click 'Exit' and press arrow in bottom right corner to leave survey. Select 'Prefer not to answer' on all displayed questions.",
      "value": "1. Exit,\n2. Continue",
      "maxValue": 2,
      "minValue": 1,
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "Attitude1",
      "description": "My attitude toward using shopping bags (reusable shopping bags) when shopping is... - Negative (1) - Positive (7)",
      "value": "1. 1,\n2. 2,\n3. 3,\n4. 4,\n5. 5,\n6. 6,\n7. 7,\n8. Prefer not to answer",
      "maxValue": 8,
      "minValue": 1,
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "Attitude2",
      "description": "I find that eating leftover food from previous day(s) is a… - Bad Idea (1) - Good Idea (7)",
      "value": "1. 1,\n2. 2,\n3. 3,\n4. 4,\n5. 5,\n6. 6,\n7. 7,\n8. Prefer not to answer",
      "maxValue": 8,
      "minValue": 1,
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "Attitude3",
      "description": "I find that sorting waste is… - Disadvantageous (1) - Advantageous (7)",
      "value": "1. 1,\n2. 2,\n3. 3,\n4. 4,\n5. 5,\n6. 6,\n7. 7,\n8. Prefer not to answer",
      "maxValue": 8,
      "minValue": 1,
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "Attitude4",
      "description": "I find that eating beef (e.g., beef steak and beef burger) is… - Not Desirable (1) - Desirable (7)",
      "value": "1. 1,\n2. 2,\n3. 3,\n4. 4,\n5. 5,\n6. 6,\n8. 7,\n9. Prefer not to answer",
      "maxValue": 9,
      "minValue": 1,
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "Attitude5",
      "description": "I find that consuming organically grown fruits and vegetables is… - Not Reasonable (1) - Reasonable (7)",
      "value": "1. 1,\n2. 2,\n3. 3,\n4. 4,\n5. 5,\n6. 6,\n7. 7,\n8. Prefer not to answer",
      "maxValue": 8,
      "minValue": 1,
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "ExitButton5",
      "description": "Please click 'Exit' and press arrow in bottom right corner to leave survey. Select 'Prefer not to answer' on all displayed questions.",
      "value": "1. Exit,\n2. Continue",
      "maxValue": 2,
      "minValue": 1,
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "SubjectiveNorm1",
      "description": "Most people who are important to me would find it good if I used shopping bags (reusable shopping bags) when shopping - Unlikely (1) - Likely (7)",
      "value": "1. 1,\n2. 2,\n3. 3,\n4. 4,\n5. 5,\n6. 6,\n7. 7,\n8. Prefer not to answer",
      "maxValue": 8,
      "minValue": 1,
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "SubjectiveNorm2",
      "description": "Most people who are important to me would want me to eat leftover food from previous day(s) - Unlikely (1) - Likely (7)",
      "value": "1. 1,\n2. 2,\n3. 3,\n4. 4,\n5. 5,\n6. 6,\n7. 7,\n8. Prefer not to answer",
      "maxValue": 8,
      "minValue": 1,
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "SubjectiveNorm3",
      "description": "The people who are important to me would find it desirable if I sorted waste - Unlikely (1) - Likely (7)",
      "value": "1. 1,\n2. 2,\n3. 3,\n4. 4,\n5. 5,\n6. 6,\n7. 7,\n8. Prefer not to answer",
      "maxValue": 8,
      "minValue": 1,
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "SubjectiveNorm4",
      "description": "The people who are important to me would support my decision of eating beef (e.g., beef steak and beef burger) - Unlikely (1) - Likely (7)",
      "value": "1. 1,\n2. 2,\n3. 3,\n4. 4,\n5. 5,\n6. 6,\n7. 7,\n8. Prefer not to answer",
      "maxValue": 8,
      "minValue": 1,
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "SubjectiveNorm5",
      "description": "Most people who are important to me would consume organically grown fruits and vegetables if they were in my situation - Unlikely (1) - Likely (7)",
      "value": "1. 1,\n2. 2,\n3. 3,\n4. 4,\n5. 5,\n6. 6,\n7. 7,\n8. Prefer not to answer",
      "maxValue": 8,
      "minValue": 1,
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "ExitButton6",
      "description": "Please click 'Exit' and press arrow in bottom right corner to leave survey. Select 'Prefer not to answer' on all displayed questions.",
      "value": "1. Exit,\n2. Continue",
      "maxValue": 2,
      "minValue": 1,
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "PerceivedBehaviouralControl1",
      "description": "For me, using shopping bags (reusable shopping bags) when shopping is… - Complicated (1) - Simple (7)",
      "value": "1. 1,\n2. 2,\n3. 3,\n4. 4,\n5. 5,\n6. 6,\n7. 7,\n8. Prefer not to answer",
      "maxValue": 8,
      "minValue": 1,
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "PerceivedBehaviouralControl2",
      "description": "Eating leftover food from previous day(s) is not very complex - Disagree (1) - Agree (7)",
      "value": "1. 1,\n2. 2,\n3. 3,\n4. 4,\n5. 5,\n6. 6,\n7. 7,\n8. Prefer not to answer",
      "maxValue": 8,
      "minValue": 1,
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "PerceivedBehaviouralControl3",
      "description": "Sorting waste is… - Laborious (1) - Easy (7)",
      "value": "1. 1,\n2. 2,\n3. 3,\n4. 4,\n5. 5,\n6. 6,\n7. 7,\n8. Prefer not to answer",
      "maxValue": 8,
      "minValue": 1,
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "PerceivedBehaviouralControl4",
      "description": "If I wanted to eat beef (e.g., beef steak and beef burger),\r\nit would be easy for me to do so - Disagree (1) - Agree (7)",
      "value": "1. 1,\n2. 2,\n3. 3,\n4. 4,\n5. 5,\n6. 6,\n7. 7,\n8. Prefer not to answer",
      "maxValue": 8,
      "minValue": 1,
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "PerceivedBehaviouralControl5",
      "description": "Whether I consume organically grown fruits and vegetables is completely up to me - Disagree (1) - Agree (7)",
      "value": "1. 1,\n2. 2,\n3. 3,\n4. 4,\n5. 5,\n6. 6,\n7. 7,\n8. Prefer not to answer",
      "maxValue": 8,
      "minValue": 1,
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "ExitButton7",
      "description": "Please click 'Exit' and press arrow in bottom right corner to leave survey. Select 'Prefer not to answer' on all displayed questions.",
      "value": "1. Exit,\n2. Continue",
      "maxValue": 2,
      "minValue": 1,
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "ILOC1",
      "description": "Whether or not I get to be a leader depends mostly on my ability. - Strongly Disagree (1) - Strongly Agree (6)",
      "value": "1. 1,\n2. 2,\n3. 3,\n4. 4,\n5. 5,\n6. 6,\n7. Prefer not to answer",
      "maxValue": 7,
      "minValue": 1,
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "ILOC2",
      "description": "Whether or not I get into a car accident depends mostly on how good a driver I am. - Strongly Disagree (1) - Strongly Agree (6)",
      "value": "1. 1,\n2. 2,\n3. 3,\n4. 4,\n5. 5,\n6. 6,\n7. Prefer not to answer",
      "maxValue": 7,
      "minValue": 1,
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "ILOC3",
      "description": "When I make plans, I am almost certain I can make them work. - Strongly Disagree (1) - Strongly Agree (6)",
      "value": "1. 1,\n2. 2,\n3. 3,\n4. 4,\n5. 5,\n6. 6,\n7. Prefer not to answer",
      "maxValue": 7,
      "minValue": 1,
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "ILOC4",
      "description": "Whether or not I get to go to a good school depends on whether I go to the right people. - Strongly Disagree (1) - Strongly Agree (6)",
      "value": "1. 1,\n2. 2,\n3. 3,\n4. 4,\n5. 5,\n6. 6,\n7. Prefer not to answer",
      "maxValue": 7,
      "minValue": 1,
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "ILOC5",
      "description": "My life is determined by my own behaviour. - Strongly Disagree (1) - Strongly Agree (6)",
      "value": "1. 1,\n2. 2,\n3. 3,\n4. 4,\n5. 5,\n6. 6,\n7. Prefer not to answer",
      "maxValue": 7,
      "minValue": 1,
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "ILOC6",
      "description": "In order to have my plans work, I make sure they fit in with the desires of people who have power over me. - Strongly Disagree (1) - Strongly Agree (6)",
      "value": "1. 1,\n2. 2,\n3. 3,\n4. 4,\n5. 5,\n6. 6,\n7. Prefer not to answer",
      "maxValue": 7,
      "minValue": 1,
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "ILOC7",
      "description": "It is chiefly a matter of fate whether or not I have a few friends or many friends. - Strongly Disagree (1) - Strongly Agree (6)",
      "value": "1. 1,\n2. 2,\n3. 3,\n4. 4,\n5. 5,\n6. 6,\n7. Prefer not to answer",
      "maxValue": 7,
      "minValue": 1,
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "ILOC8",
      "description": "There are many things that interfere with what I want to do. - Strongly Disagree (1) - Strongly Agree (6)",
      "value": "1. 1,\n2. 2,\n3. 3,\n4. 4,\n5. 5,\n6. 6,\n7. Prefer not to answer",
      "maxValue": 7,
      "minValue": 1,
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "ExitButton8",
      "description": "Please click 'Exit' and press arrow in bottom right corner to leave survey. Select 'Prefer not to answer' on all displayed questions.",
      "value": "1. Exit,\n2. Continue",
      "maxValue": 2,
      "minValue": 1,
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "Intention1",
      "description": "I intend to use shopping bags (reusable shopping bags) when shopping over the next week - Strongly Disagree (1) - Strongly Agree (7)",
      "value": "1. 1,\n2. 2,\n3. 3,\n4. 4,\n5. 5,\n6. 6,\n7. 7,\n8. Prefer not to answer",
      "maxValue": 8,
      "minValue": 1,
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "Intention2",
      "description": "I will eat leftover food from previous day(s) over the next week - Strongly Disagree (1) - Strongly Agree (7)",
      "value": "1. 1,\n2. 2,\n3. 3,\n4. 4,\n5. 5,\n6. 6,\n7. 7,\n8. Prefer not to answer",
      "maxValue": 8,
      "minValue": 1,
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "Intention3",
      "description": "I plan to sort waste over the next week - Strongly Disagree (1) - Strongly Agree (7)",
      "value": "1. 1,\n2. 2,\n3. 3,\n4. 4,\n5. 5,\n6. 6,\n7. 7,\n8. Prefer not to answer",
      "maxValue": 8,
      "minValue": 1,
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "Intention4",
      "description": "I intend to eat beef (e.g., beef steak and beef burger)\r\nover the next week - Strongly Disagree (1) - Strongly Agree (7)",
      "value": "1. 1,\n2. 2,\n3. 3,\n4. 4,\n5. 5,\n6. 6,\n7. 7,\n8. Prefer nor to answer",
      "maxValue": 8,
      "minValue": 1,
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "Intention5",
      "description": "I will consume organically grown fruits and vegetables over the next week - Strongly Disagree (1) - Strongly Agree (7)",
      "value": "1. 1,\n2. 2,\n3. 3,\n4. 4,\n5. 5,\n6. 6,\n7. 7,\n8. Prefer not to answer",
      "maxValue": 8,
      "minValue": 1,
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "VAR00023",
      "description": "code",
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "VAR00030",
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "VAR00031",
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "VAR00032",
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "VAR00033",
      "description": "Start Date",
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "VAR00034",
      "description": "End Date",
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "VAR00035",
      "description": "Response Type",
      "value": "0. IP Address,\n1. Survey Preview,\n2. Survey Test,\n4. Imported,\n8. Spam,\n9. Survey Preview Spam,\n12. Imported Spam,\n16. Offline,\n17. Offline Survey Preview,\n32. EX,\n40. EX Spam,\n48. EX Offline,\n132. Reimported Imported,\n256. Synthetic",
      "maxValue": 256,
      "minValue": 0,
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "VAR00036",
      "description": "IP Address",
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "VAR00037",
      "description": "Progress",
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "VAR00038",
      "description": "Duration (in seconds)",
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "VAR00039",
      "description": "Finished",
      "value": "0. False,\n1. True",
      "maxValue": 1,
      "minValue": 0,
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "VAR00040",
      "description": "Recorded Date",
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "VAR00041",
      "description": "User Language",
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "VAR00042",
      "description": "Throughout this survey, you will be asked to complete questions related to your personal opinion about behaviours that promote the environment, the extent to which you find yourself being in control of the environment, and your intention to adopt environmentally sustainable behaviour. The survey should not require more than 15 minutes to complete. All data will be stored securely, and your identity will not be attached to your responses. Only the researcher and their supervisor will have access to the information you provide, and it will be kept in a secure location. You will not be identified in any presentation or publication resulting from this research. Although participants may be subject to minor boredom or fatigue while answering the survey questions, there are no anticipated risks greater than those encountered in daily life and your contribution will help us better understand the factors that shape environmentally responsible behaviour. This study will take no more than 30 minutes of your time and i",
      "value": "1. Yes,\n2. No",
      "maxValue": 2,
      "minValue": 1,
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "VAR00043",
      "description": "Please type your student identification number in the box below:",
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "ExitButton9",
      "description": "Click 'Exit' and press the arrow in bottom right corner to leave the survey. *No answers can be left blank",
      "value": "1. Exit,\n2. Continue",
      "maxValue": 2,
      "minValue": 1,
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "ExitButton10",
      "description": "Click 'Exit' and press arrow in bottom right corner to leave the survey. *Select prefer not to answer on all displayed questions",
      "value": "1. Exit,\n2. Continue",
      "maxValue": 2,
      "minValue": 1,
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "PEB1",
      "description": "During the past week, how often did you use shopping bags (reusable shopping bags) when shopping? - Never (1) - Always (7)",
      "value": "1. 1,\n2. 2,\n3. 3,\n4. 4,\n5. 5,\n6. 6,\n7. 7,\n8. Prefer not to answer",
      "maxValue": 8,
      "minValue": 1,
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "PEB2",
      "description": "During the past week, how often did you eat leftover food from the previous day(s)? - Never (1) - Always (7)",
      "value": "1. 1,\n2. 2,\n3. 3,\n4. 4,\n5. 5,\n6. 6,\n7. 7,\n8. Prefer not to answer",
      "maxValue": 8,
      "minValue": 1,
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "PEB3",
      "description": "During the past week, how often did you sort waste? - Never (1) - Always (7)",
      "value": "1. 1,\n2. 2,\n3. 3,\n4. 4,\n5. 5,\n6. 6,\n7. 7,\n8. Prefer not to answer",
      "maxValue": 8,
      "minValue": 1,
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "PEB4",
      "description": "During the past week, how often did you eat beef (e.g., beef steak and beef burger)? - Never (1) - Always (7)",
      "value": "1. 1,\n2. 2,\n3. 3,\n4. 4,\n5. 5,\n6. 6,\n7. 7,\n8. Prefer not to answer",
      "maxValue": 8,
      "minValue": 1,
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "PEB5",
      "description": "During the past week, how often did you consume organically grown fruits and vegetables? - Never (1) - Always (7)",
      "value": "1. 1,\n2. 2,\n3. 3,\n4. 4,\n5. 5,\n6. 6,\n7. 7,\n8. Prefer not to answer",
      "maxValue": 8,
      "minValue": 1,
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    },
    {
      "name": "VAR00044",
      "description": "code",
      "@type": "propertyValue"
    }
  ]
}`

names(Sebastian_Data)

 [1] "StartDate"                      "EndDate"                       
 [3] "Status"                         "IPAddress"                     
 [5] "Progress"                       "Duration__in_seconds_"         
 [7] "Finished"                       "RecordedDate"                  
 [9] "UserLanguage"                   "Consent_Statement"             
[11] "Student_ID"                     "ExitButton1"                   
[13] "ExitButton2"                    "Age"                           
[15] "Gender"                         "Ethnicity"                     
[17] "YearOfStudy"                    "Faculty"                       
[19] "PoliticalAffiliationsinOntario" "MaritalStatus"                 
[21] "NumberOfChildren"               "code"                          
[23] "VAR00001"                       "VAR00002"                      
[25] "VAR00003"                       "VAR00004"                      
[27] "VAR00005"                       "VAR00006"                      
[29] "VAR00008"                       "VAR00009"                      
[31] "VAR00010"                       "VAR00011"                      
[33] "VAR00020"                       "VAR00021"                      
[35] "VAR00022"                       "ExitButton3"                   
[37] "ExitButton4"                    "Attitude1"                     
[39] "Attitude2"                      "Attitude3"                     
[41] "Attitude4"                      "Attitude5"                     
[43] "ExitButton5"                    "SubjectiveNorm1"               
[45] "SubjectiveNorm2"                "SubjectiveNorm3"               
[47] "SubjectiveNorm4"                "SubjectiveNorm5"               
[49] "ExitButton6"                    "PerceivedBehaviouralControl1"  
[51] "PerceivedBehaviouralControl2"   "PerceivedBehaviouralControl3"  
[53] "PerceivedBehaviouralControl4"   "PerceivedBehaviouralControl5"  
[55] "ExitButton7"                    "ILOC1"                         
[57] "ILOC2"                          "ILOC3"                         
[59] "ILOC4"                          "ILOC5"                         
[61] "ILOC6"                          "ILOC7"                         
[63] "ILOC8"                          "ExitButton8"                   
[65] "Intention1"                     "Intention2"                    
[67] "Intention3"                     "Intention4"                    
[69] "Intention5"                     "VAR00023"                      
[71] "VAR00030"                       "VAR00031"                      
[73] "VAR00032"                       "VAR00033"                      
[75] "VAR00034"                       "VAR00035"                      
[77] "VAR00036"                       "VAR00037"                      
[79] "VAR00038"                       "VAR00039"                      
[81] "VAR00040"                       "VAR00041"                      
[83] "VAR00042"                       "VAR00043"                      
[85] "ExitButton9"                    "ExitButton10"                  
[87] "PEB1"                           "PEB2"                          
[89] "PEB3"                           "PEB4"                          
[91] "PEB5"                           "VAR00044"

N=295 (substantial missingness)

Demographics

Age, Gender, Ethnicity, YearOfStudy,Faculty(meaning school), Political Affiliation, Marital Status, Number of Children

Study Variables

Attitude <– Attitude1 - Attitude5 (Higher Score more positive, Attitude Item 4 reverse coded eating beef is.. 7=desirable)

Subjective Norm <– SubjectiveNorm1 - SubjectiveNorm5 (Higher Score more positive, Reverse Code Item 4)

Perceived Beh. Cntl. <– PerceivedBehavioralControl1 - PerceivedBehavioralControl5 (Higher Score is better, Reverse Code Item 4)

Int. LOC <– ILOC1 - ILOC8 (Higher Score is greater ILOC, Reverse Code Items 4, 6, 7,8)

Intention <– Intention1 - Intention5 (higher score is greater intention,

Environmental Behavior <– PEB1 - PEB5

Seb_Analysis_Data<-Sebastian_Data[,c(11,14:21, 38:42,44:48,50:54, 56:63, 65:69,87:91)]
Seb_Analysis_Data_NA <-na.omit(Seb_Analysis_Data)

Seb_Analysis_Data$Attitude4 <- 8 - Seb_Analysis_Data$Attitude4
Seb_Analysis_Data$SubjectiveNorm4 <- 8 - Seb_Analysis_Data$SubjectiveNorm4
Seb_Analysis_Data$PerceivedBehaviouralControl4 <- 8 - Seb_Analysis_Data$PerceivedBehaviouralControl4
Seb_Analysis_Data$Intention4 <- 8- Seb_Analysis_Data$Intention4
Seb_Analysis_Data$PEB4 <- 8 - Seb_Analysis_Data$PEB4
Seb_Analysis_Data$ILOC4<- 7 - Seb_Analysis_Data$ILOC4
Seb_Analysis_Data$ILOC6<- 7 - Seb_Analysis_Data$ILOC6
Seb_Analysis_Data$ILOC7<- 7 - Seb_Analysis_Data$ILOC7
Seb_Analysis_Data$ILOC8<- 7 - Seb_Analysis_Data$ILOC8

Seb_Analysis_Data$Attitude <- rowMeans(
  Seb_Analysis_Data[, c("Attitude1", "Attitude2", "Attitude3", "Attitude5")],
  na.rm = TRUE
)

Seb_Analysis_Data$Subjective_Norm <- rowMeans(
  Seb_Analysis_Data[, c("SubjectiveNorm1", "SubjectiveNorm2", "SubjectiveNorm3", "SubjectiveNorm5")],
  na.rm = TRUE
)

Seb_Analysis_Data$Perc_Beh_Ctl <- rowMeans(
  Seb_Analysis_Data[, c("PerceivedBehaviouralControl1", "PerceivedBehaviouralControl2", "PerceivedBehaviouralControl3", "PerceivedBehaviouralControl5")],
  na.rm = TRUE
)

Seb_Analysis_Data$Intention <- rowMeans(
  Seb_Analysis_Data[, c("Intention1", "Intention2", "Intention3", "Intention5")],
  na.rm = TRUE
)

Seb_Analysis_Data$PEB <- rowMeans(
  Seb_Analysis_Data[, c("PEB1", "PEB2", "PEB3", "PEB5")],
  na.rm = TRUE
)

Seb_Analysis_Data$ILOC <- rowMeans(
  Seb_Analysis_Data[, c("ILOC1", "ILOC2", "ILOC3", "ILOC5")],
  na.rm = TRUE
)


Seb_Analysis_Data$ELOC <- rowMeans(
  Seb_Analysis_Data[, c("ILOC4", "ILOC6", "ILOC7", "ILOC8")],
  na.rm = TRUE
)

describe((Seb_Analysis_Data))

                               vars   n   mean    sd median trimmed   mad min
Student_ID*                       1 295 112.65 62.37 114.00  113.14 80.06   1
Age                               2 254   4.80  1.69   5.00    4.78  1.48   1
Gender                            3 254   2.10  0.68   2.00    2.00  0.00   1
Ethnicity                         4 254   2.92  2.62   1.00    2.57  0.00   1
YearOfStudy                       5 254   3.21  1.39   3.00    3.08  1.48   1
Faculty                           6 254   3.11  3.23   1.00    2.58  0.00   1
PoliticalAffiliationsinOntario    7 254   3.48  1.99   3.00    3.48  2.97   1
MaritalStatus                     8 254   1.59  1.31   1.00    1.24  0.00   1
NumberOfChildren                  9 254   6.54  1.46   7.00    7.00  0.00   1
Attitude1                        10 146   6.13  1.44   7.00    6.36  0.00   1
Attitude2                        11 146   6.14  1.32   7.00    6.33  1.48   1
Attitude3                        12 146   5.76  1.49   6.00    5.92  1.48   1
Attitude4                        13 146   1.92  2.09   2.00    1.73  2.97  -1
Attitude5                        14 146   5.95  1.42   6.00    6.11  1.48   1
SubjectiveNorm1                  15 143   5.68  1.57   6.00    5.90  1.48   1
SubjectiveNorm2                  16 143   6.01  1.32   6.00    6.22  1.48   1
SubjectiveNorm3                  17 143   5.31  1.70   6.00    5.50  1.48   1
SubjectiveNorm4                  18 143   1.92  1.44   1.00    1.69  1.48   0
SubjectiveNorm5                  19 143   5.47  1.64   6.00    5.64  1.48   1
PerceivedBehaviouralControl1     20 143   6.09  1.49   7.00    6.36  0.00   1
PerceivedBehaviouralControl2     21 143   6.32  1.31   7.00    6.58  0.00   1
PerceivedBehaviouralControl3     22 143   5.13  1.75   5.00    5.23  2.97   1
PerceivedBehaviouralControl4     23 143   1.88  1.55   1.00    1.57  0.00   0
PerceivedBehaviouralControl5     24 143   5.87  1.58   7.00    6.10  1.48   1
ILOC1                            25 143   4.81  1.15   5.00    4.88  1.48   1
ILOC2                            26 143   3.68  1.44   4.00    3.63  1.48   1
ILOC3                            27 143   4.94  0.98   5.00    4.98  0.00   1
ILOC4                            28 143   3.31  1.44   3.00    3.40  1.48   0
ILOC5                            29 143   4.99  1.01   5.00    5.04  1.48   1
ILOC6                            30 143   3.18  1.36   3.00    3.23  1.48   0
ILOC7                            31 143   3.75  1.51   4.00    3.89  1.48   0
ILOC8                            32 143   2.97  1.43   3.00    2.98  1.48   0
Intention1                       33 143   6.22  1.32   7.00    6.46  0.00   1
Intention2                       34 143   6.23  1.40   7.00    6.50  0.00   1
Intention3                       35 143   5.36  1.92   6.00    5.61  1.48   1
Intention4                       36 143   2.48  1.81   2.00    2.23  1.48   0
Intention5                       37 143   5.06  1.85   5.00    5.20  1.48   1
PEB1                             38  90   5.36  1.92   6.00    5.61  1.48   1
PEB2                             39  90   5.28  1.72   5.00    5.50  1.48   1
PEB3                             40  90   4.77  1.90   5.00    4.89  2.22   1
PEB4                             41  90   3.77  1.93   4.00    3.74  1.48   0
PEB5                             42  90   4.46  1.79   4.00    4.51  2.97   1
Attitude                         43 146   5.99  1.01   6.12    6.05  0.93   2
Subjective_Norm                  44 143   5.62  1.22   5.75    5.72  0.74   1
Perc_Beh_Ctl                     45 143   5.85  1.16   6.00    5.95  1.11   1
Intention                        46 143   5.72  1.20   5.75    5.82  1.11   1
PEB                              47  90   4.96  1.25   5.00    5.00  1.11   1
ILOC                             48 143   4.60  0.90   4.50    4.58  0.74   1
ELOC                             49 143   3.30  1.10   3.25    3.40  1.11   0
                               max range  skew kurtosis   se
Student_ID*                    215   214 -0.05    -1.19 3.63
Age                              8     7  0.13    -0.53 0.11
Gender                           4     3  1.64     3.33 0.04
Ethnicity                        8     7  0.90    -0.90 0.16
YearOfStudy                      7     6  0.99     1.51 0.09
Faculty                         10     9  1.10    -0.56 0.20
PoliticalAffiliationsinOntario   6     5  0.29    -1.65 0.12
MaritalStatus                    5     4  1.96     2.13 0.08
NumberOfChildren                 7     6 -3.00     7.37 0.09
Attitude1                        8     7 -1.51     1.98 0.12
Attitude2                        8     7 -1.40     2.04 0.11
Attitude3                        8     7 -0.89     0.33 0.12
Attitude4                        7     8  0.51    -0.74 0.17
Attitude5                        8     7 -1.11     0.97 0.12
SubjectiveNorm1                  8     7 -1.17     1.09 0.13
SubjectiveNorm2                  8     7 -1.53     2.84 0.11
SubjectiveNorm3                  8     7 -0.81     0.08 0.14
SubjectiveNorm4                  7     7  1.56     2.28 0.12
SubjectiveNorm5                  8     7 -0.80     0.06 0.14
PerceivedBehaviouralControl1     8     7 -1.62     2.30 0.12
PerceivedBehaviouralControl2     8     7 -1.80     2.93 0.11
PerceivedBehaviouralControl3     8     7 -0.32    -0.92 0.15
PerceivedBehaviouralControl4     7     7  1.80     2.75 0.13
PerceivedBehaviouralControl5     8     7 -1.09     0.36 0.13
ILOC1                            7     6 -0.49     0.12 0.10
ILOC2                            7     6  0.16    -0.19 0.12
ILOC3                            7     6 -0.68     1.84 0.08
ILOC4                            6     6 -0.34    -0.17 0.12
ILOC5                            7     6 -0.60     1.09 0.08
ILOC6                            6     6 -0.20    -0.26 0.11
ILOC7                            6     6 -0.73     0.09 0.13
ILOC8                            6     6 -0.08    -0.65 0.12
Intention1                       8     7 -1.65     2.58 0.11
Intention2                       8     7 -1.87     3.40 0.12
Intention3                       8     7 -0.86    -0.33 0.16
Intention4                       7     7  0.93    -0.01 0.15
Intention5                       8     7 -0.44    -0.72 0.15
PEB1                             8     7 -0.87    -0.24 0.20
PEB2                             8     7 -0.80     0.01 0.18
PEB3                             8     7 -0.32    -0.94 0.20
PEB4                             7     7  0.10    -0.85 0.20
PEB5                             8     7 -0.28    -0.69 0.19
Attitude                         8     6 -0.57     0.87 0.08
Subjective_Norm                  8     7 -0.94     1.74 0.10
Perc_Beh_Ctl                     8     7 -1.03     2.22 0.10
Intention                        8     7 -0.91     1.36 0.10
PEB                              8     7 -0.26     0.53 0.13
ILOC                             7     6  0.04     2.21 0.08
ELOC                             6     6 -0.97     1.67 0.09

vis_miss(Seb_Analysis_Data[, 43:49])

gg_miss_var(Seb_Analysis_Data[, 43:49])

gg_miss_upset(Seb_Analysis_Data[, 43:49])

Warning: `aes_string()` was deprecated in ggplot2 3.0.0.
ℹ Please use tidy evaluation idioms with `aes()`.
ℹ See also `vignette("ggplot2-in-packages")` for more information.
ℹ The deprecated feature was likely used in the UpSetR package.
  Please report the issue to the authors.

Warning: Using `size` aesthetic for lines was deprecated in ggplot2 3.4.0.
ℹ Please use `linewidth` instead.
ℹ The deprecated feature was likely used in the UpSetR package.
  Please report the issue to the authors.

Warning: The `size` argument of `element_line()` is deprecated as of ggplot2 3.4.0.
ℹ Please use the `linewidth` argument instead.
ℹ The deprecated feature was likely used in the UpSetR package.
  Please report the issue to the authors.

md.pattern(Seb_Analysis_Data[, 43:49])

    Attitude Subjective_Norm Perc_Beh_Ctl Intention ILOC ELOC PEB     
71         1               1            1         1    1    1   1    0
72         1               1            1         1    1    1   0    1
3          1               0            0         0    0    0   1    5
16         0               0            0         0    0    0   1    6
133        0               0            0         0    0    0   0    7
         149             152          152       152  152  152 205 1114

mcar_test(Seb_Analysis_Data[, 43:49])

# A tibble: 1 × 4
  statistic    df p.value missing.patterns
      <dbl> <dbl>   <dbl>            <int>
1      9.03     9   0.434                5

describe(Seb_Analysis_Data[, 43:49])%>%
  knitr::kable(digits = 3, format="html", booktabs=TRUE, caption="Table 1. Descriptives")%>%
  kable_classic(full_width = F, html_font = "Cambria")

Table 1. Descriptives
	vars	n	mean	sd	median	trimmed	mad	min	max	range	skew	kurtosis	se
Attitude	1	146	5.993	1.006	6.125	6.053	0.927	2	8	6	-0.572	0.875	0.083
Subjective_Norm	2	143	5.617	1.220	5.750	5.720	0.741	1	8	7	-0.936	1.741	0.102
Perc_Beh_Ctl	3	143	5.853	1.163	6.000	5.954	1.112	1	8	7	-1.031	2.222	0.097
Intention	4	143	5.717	1.200	5.750	5.824	1.112	1	8	7	-0.906	1.359	0.100
PEB	5	90	4.964	1.247	5.000	4.997	1.112	1	8	7	-0.263	0.529	0.131
ILOC	6	143	4.605	0.902	4.500	4.583	0.741	1	7	6	0.040	2.212	0.075
ELOC	7	143	3.304	1.097	3.250	3.398	1.112	0	6	6	-0.973	1.675	0.092

apa.cor.table(Seb_Analysis_Data[, 43:49])



Means, standard deviations, and correlations with confidence intervals
 

  Variable           M    SD   1            2            3           
  1. Attitude        5.99 1.01                                       
                                                                     
  2. Subjective_Norm 5.62 1.22 .76**                                 
                               [.68, .82]                            
                                                                     
  3. Perc_Beh_Ctl    5.85 1.16 .73**        .62**                    
                               [.64, .80]   [.51, .71]               
                                                                     
  4. Intention       5.72 1.20 .71**        .76**        .72**       
                               [.62, .79]   [.68, .82]   [.63, .79]  
                                                                     
  5. PEB             4.96 1.25 -.21         -.26*        -.18        
                               [-.42, .02]  [-.47, -.03] [-.39, .06] 
                                                                     
  6. ILOC            4.60 0.90 .50**        .56**        .52**       
                               [.37, .61]   [.44, .67]   [.39, .63]  
                                                                     
  7. ELOC            3.30 1.10 -.35**       -.42**       -.36**      
                               [-.48, -.19] [-.55, -.27] [-.50, -.21]
                                                                     
  4            5           6           
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                       
  -.26*                                
  [-.47, -.03]                         
                                       
  .50**        -.19                    
  [.37, .62]   [-.41, .04]             
                                       
  -.41**       .25*        -.60**      
  [-.53, -.26] [.02, .46]  [-.69, -.48]
                                       

Note. M and SD are used to represent mean and standard deviation, respectively.
Values in square brackets indicate the 95% confidence interval.
The confidence interval is a plausible range of population correlations 
that could have caused the sample correlation (Cumming, 2014).
 * indicates p < .05. ** indicates p < .01.

254/295

[1] 0.8610169

146/254

[1] 0.5748031

143/254

[1] 0.5629921

90/254

[1] 0.3543307

295 - 254

[1] 41

hist(Seb_Analysis_Data$Attitude)

hist(Seb_Analysis_Data$Subjective_Norm)

hist(Seb_Analysis_Data$Perc_Beh_Ctl)

hist(Seb_Analysis_Data$Intention)

hist(Seb_Analysis_Data$ILOC)

hist(Seb_Analysis_Data$ELOC)

hist(Seb_Analysis_Data$PEB)

alpha’s for scales including Item 4 about beef

Attitude_items_only <- Seb_Analysis_Data[, c("Attitude1", "Attitude2", "Attitude3", "Attitude4", "Attitude5")]

Attitude_alpha_results <- alpha(Attitude_items_only, check.keys = TRUE)

Number of categories should be increased  in order to count frequencies.

Warning in alpha(Attitude_items_only, check.keys = TRUE): Some items were negatively correlated with the first principal component and were automatically reversed.
 This is indicated by a negative sign for the variable name.

print(Attitude_alpha_results)


Reliability analysis   
Call: alpha(x = Attitude_items_only, check.keys = TRUE)

  raw_alpha std.alpha G6(smc) average_r S/N  ase mean sd median_r
      0.67      0.69    0.67      0.31 2.3 0.03  5.8  1     0.32

    95% confidence boundaries 
         lower alpha upper
Feldt     0.61  0.67  0.73
Duhachek  0.61  0.67  0.73

 Reliability if an item is dropped:
           raw_alpha std.alpha G6(smc) average_r S/N alpha se  var.r med.r
Attitude1       0.62      0.64    0.60      0.30 1.7    0.036 0.0144  0.29
Attitude2       0.61      0.63    0.59      0.30 1.7    0.037 0.0176  0.30
Attitude3       0.65      0.67    0.63      0.34 2.1    0.032 0.0112  0.34
Attitude4-      0.67      0.67    0.61      0.34 2.1    0.031 0.0023  0.34
Attitude5       0.57      0.61    0.55      0.28 1.5    0.041 0.0112  0.30

 Item statistics 
             n raw.r std.r r.cor r.drop mean  sd
Attitude1  146  0.65  0.68  0.57   0.44  6.1 1.4
Attitude2  146  0.66  0.70  0.58   0.48  6.1 1.3
Attitude3  146  0.59  0.62  0.46   0.35  5.8 1.5
Attitude4- 146  0.69  0.62  0.49   0.38  5.1 2.1
Attitude5  146  0.73  0.73  0.65   0.56  5.9 1.4

alpha’s for scales without Item 4 about beef

Attitude_items_only <- Seb_Analysis_Data[, c("Attitude1", "Attitude2", "Attitude3", "Attitude5")]

Attitude_alpha_results <- alpha(Attitude_items_only, check.keys = TRUE)

print(Attitude_alpha_results)


Reliability analysis   
Call: alpha(x = Attitude_items_only, check.keys = TRUE)

  raw_alpha std.alpha G6(smc) average_r S/N   ase mean sd median_r
      0.67      0.67    0.61      0.34 2.1 0.031    6  1     0.34

    95% confidence boundaries 
         lower alpha upper
Feldt     0.61  0.67  0.73
Duhachek  0.61  0.67  0.73

 Reliability if an item is dropped:
          raw_alpha std.alpha G6(smc) average_r S/N alpha se  var.r med.r
Attitude1      0.57      0.58    0.48      0.31 1.4    0.043 0.0016  0.31
Attitude2      0.59      0.59    0.49      0.33 1.4    0.041 0.0028  0.33
Attitude3      0.63      0.63    0.54      0.36 1.7    0.037 0.0023  0.38
Attitude5      0.63      0.63    0.53      0.36 1.7    0.038 0.0016  0.35

 Item statistics 
            n raw.r std.r r.cor r.drop mean  sd
Attitude1 146  0.74  0.74  0.61   0.50  6.1 1.4
Attitude2 146  0.71  0.73  0.59   0.48  6.1 1.3
Attitude3 146  0.70  0.69  0.51   0.42  5.8 1.5
Attitude5 146  0.69  0.69  0.52   0.42  5.9 1.4

Non missing response frequency for each item
             1    2    3    4    5    6    7    8 miss
Attitude1 0.01 0.03 0.01 0.09 0.10 0.17 0.53 0.05 0.51
Attitude2 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.06 0.14 0.23 0.48 0.05 0.51
Attitude3 0.01 0.01 0.05 0.13 0.14 0.25 0.35 0.05 0.51
Attitude5 0.01 0.03 0.01 0.12 0.14 0.23 0.42 0.05 0.51

Subjective Norm

Subjective_Norm_items_only <- Seb_Analysis_Data[, c("SubjectiveNorm1", "SubjectiveNorm2", "SubjectiveNorm3", "SubjectiveNorm5")]

Subjective_Norm_alpha_results <- alpha(Subjective_Norm_items_only, check.keys = TRUE)

print(Subjective_Norm_alpha_results)


Reliability analysis   
Call: alpha(x = Subjective_Norm_items_only, check.keys = TRUE)

  raw_alpha std.alpha G6(smc) average_r S/N  ase mean  sd median_r
      0.78      0.78    0.74      0.48 3.6 0.02  5.6 1.2     0.49

    95% confidence boundaries 
         lower alpha upper
Feldt     0.74  0.78  0.82
Duhachek  0.75  0.78  0.82

 Reliability if an item is dropped:
                raw_alpha std.alpha G6(smc) average_r S/N alpha se  var.r med.r
SubjectiveNorm1      0.68      0.68    0.59      0.41 2.1    0.032 0.0058  0.39
SubjectiveNorm2      0.78      0.78    0.71      0.54 3.6    0.022 0.0036  0.52
SubjectiveNorm3      0.72      0.73    0.64      0.47 2.7    0.027 0.0045  0.49
SubjectiveNorm5      0.74      0.74    0.67      0.48 2.8    0.026 0.0178  0.49

 Item statistics 
                  n raw.r std.r r.cor r.drop mean  sd
SubjectiveNorm1 143  0.84  0.84  0.79   0.70  5.7 1.6
SubjectiveNorm2 143  0.68  0.71  0.55   0.49  6.0 1.3
SubjectiveNorm3 143  0.80  0.79  0.69   0.61  5.3 1.7
SubjectiveNorm5 143  0.78  0.77  0.65   0.59  5.5 1.6

Non missing response frequency for each item
                   1    2    3    4    5    6    7    8 miss
SubjectiveNorm1 0.03 0.02 0.03 0.12 0.15 0.28 0.34 0.03 0.52
SubjectiveNorm2 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.06 0.13 0.34 0.39 0.03 0.52
SubjectiveNorm3 0.04 0.05 0.05 0.12 0.22 0.23 0.25 0.03 0.52
SubjectiveNorm5 0.03 0.03 0.06 0.15 0.16 0.24 0.29 0.04 0.52

Model_Variables_only <- Seb_Analysis_Data[, c("Attitude", "Subjective_Norm", "Perc_Beh_Ctl", "Intention", "ILOC", "PEB")]

plot_pattern(Model_Variables_only)

mcar_test(Model_Variables_only)

# A tibble: 1 × 4
  statistic    df p.value missing.patterns
      <dbl> <dbl>   <dbl>            <int>
1      6.48     8   0.593                5

random <- rnorm(nrow(Seb_Analysis_Data[,(43:48)]), 7)
#The command above generates a random variable with the same number of rows (values)as the dataset
hist(random)#just to check the distribtuion of this new variable

fakereg <-lm(random ~., data = Seb_Analysis_Data[,(43:48)])
##runs a regression with the new random variable as the dv and all the variables in the dataset as IVs
##This generates a set of residuals in order to check the assumptions

##The following set of code just scales the residuals
standardized <- rstudent(fakereg)
fitted <- scale(fakereg$fitted.values)
hist(fitted)

check_model (fakereg)

MVN::mvn(
  Seb_Analysis_Data[, 43:48],
  mvn_test = "hz",
  B = 1000,
  univariate_test = "SW",
  multivariate_outlier_method = "quan",
  show_new_data = FALSE
)

Warning in MVN::mvn(Seb_Analysis_Data[, 43:48], mvn_test = "hz", B = 1000, :
Missing values detected in 224 rows. These rows will be removed.

$multivariate_normality
           Test Statistic p.value     Method          MVN
1 Henze-Zirkler     1.054   0.002 asymptotic ✗ Not normal

$univariate_normality
          Test        Variable Statistic p.value    Normality
1 Shapiro-Wilk        Attitude     0.882  <0.001 ✗ Not normal
2 Shapiro-Wilk Subjective_Norm     0.851  <0.001 ✗ Not normal
3 Shapiro-Wilk    Perc_Beh_Ctl     0.844  <0.001 ✗ Not normal
4 Shapiro-Wilk       Intention     0.879  <0.001 ✗ Not normal
5 Shapiro-Wilk             PEB     0.989   0.809     ✓ Normal
6 Shapiro-Wilk            ILOC     0.930  <0.001 ✗ Not normal

$descriptives
         Variable  n  Mean Std.Dev Median Min Max  25th  75th   Skew Kurtosis
1        Attitude 71 5.930   0.974   6.25   2   7 5.500 6.750 -1.331    5.409
2 Subjective_Norm 71 5.532   1.254   5.75   1   7 5.250 6.250 -1.541    5.936
3    Perc_Beh_Ctl 71 5.750   1.221   6.00   1   7 5.250 6.625 -1.613    6.463
4       Intention 71 5.655   1.122   5.75   1   7 5.250 6.375 -1.452    6.146
5             PEB 71 4.894   1.176   5.00   2   8 4.125 5.750 -0.084    2.975
6            ILOC 71 4.521   0.875   4.50   1   7 4.125 5.000 -0.858    6.528

$multivariate_outliers
   Observation Mahalanobis.Distance
1            4              109.789
2            3               52.554
3           29               46.197
4           40               46.057
5           53               41.705
6            2               34.298
7           46               33.274
8           61               30.516
9           22               25.708
10          52               24.876
11          55               23.155
12          44               20.986
13          67               20.722
14          17               19.315
15          20               18.331
16          41               18.084
17          14               17.604
18           7               16.477

$data
# A tibble: 71 × 6
   Attitude Subjective_Norm Perc_Beh_Ctl Intention   PEB  ILOC
      <dbl>           <dbl>        <dbl>     <dbl> <dbl> <dbl>
 1     7               7             7        7     5     6   
 2     2               1.75          2        3     5.25  3   
 3     4               1.75          2        3     5     2   
 4     4               1             1        1     6.5   1   
 5     6.75            6.25          6.5      6.5   4.5   4.5 
 6     4               4             4        4     5.25  3.5 
 7     6.5             4.25          6.5      5.75  4.75  4   
 8     6               5.75          7        5.75  5.5   4.25
 9     6               5.5           6.5      6.75  5     4.75
10     6.75            5.5           7        6.25  4.75  4.75
# ℹ 61 more rows

$subset
NULL

$outlierMethod
[1] "quan"

attr(,"class")
[1] "mvn"

# Select variables
X <- Seb_Analysis_Data[, 43:48]

# Remove rows with missing values (important)
X <- na.omit(X)

# Mahalanobis distance
center <- colMeans(X)
cov_mat <- cov(X)

md <- mahalanobis(X, center = center, cov = cov_mat)
describe(md)

   vars  n mean   sd median trimmed  mad  min   max range skew kurtosis   se
X1    1 71 5.92 4.94   4.47    5.09 3.15 0.34 29.64 29.29 2.16     6.28 0.59

# Critical value (chi-square cutoff)
cutoff <- qchisq(.975, df = ncol(X))

# Flag outliers
outliers <- which(md > cutoff)

outliers

[1]  2  3  4 61

outlier_table <- data.frame(
  ID = 1:nrow(X),
  MD = md,
  cutoff = cutoff,
  outlier = md > cutoff
)

print(outlier_table)

   ID         MD   cutoff outlier
1   1  3.2877074 14.44938   FALSE
2   2 18.0389265 14.44938    TRUE
3   3 15.0266416 14.44938    TRUE
4   4 29.6355357 14.44938    TRUE
5   5  1.1141225 14.44938   FALSE
6   6  4.2837215 14.44938   FALSE
7   7  6.2204377 14.44938   FALSE
8   8  3.2935466 14.44938   FALSE
9   9  2.8903401 14.44938   FALSE
10 10  2.3358079 14.44938   FALSE
11 11  2.7406371 14.44938   FALSE
12 12  2.8986273 14.44938   FALSE
13 13  1.4582569 14.44938   FALSE
14 14  5.5572009 14.44938   FALSE
15 15  7.6852444 14.44938   FALSE
16 16  5.4869901 14.44938   FALSE
17 17  7.4333487 14.44938   FALSE
18 18  3.2861313 14.44938   FALSE
19 19  2.6391548 14.44938   FALSE
20 20  4.4236806 14.44938   FALSE
21 21  4.5967438 14.44938   FALSE
22 22 10.1382399 14.44938   FALSE
23 23  1.4613371 14.44938   FALSE
24 24  4.5701754 14.44938   FALSE
25 25  1.9582338 14.44938   FALSE
26 26  5.1686507 14.44938   FALSE
27 27  7.0342500 14.44938   FALSE
28 28  6.7168363 14.44938   FALSE
29 29 14.0858025 14.44938   FALSE
30 30  2.4936258 14.44938   FALSE
31 31  0.6976865 14.44938   FALSE
32 32  5.1262167 14.44938   FALSE
33 33  3.5295090 14.44938   FALSE
34 34  4.8720009 14.44938   FALSE
35 35  4.1427969 14.44938   FALSE
36 36  4.2013449 14.44938   FALSE
37 37  7.5380143 14.44938   FALSE
38 38  2.2773441 14.44938   FALSE
39 39  6.0236793 14.44938   FALSE
40 40 14.3874032 14.44938   FALSE
41 41  8.0289223 14.44938   FALSE
42 42  8.0073814 14.44938   FALSE
43 43  1.1280464 14.44938   FALSE
44 44 12.1147491 14.44938   FALSE
45 45  4.6900728 14.44938   FALSE
46 46 11.7495797 14.44938   FALSE
47 47  3.0883039 14.44938   FALSE
48 48  1.8949895 14.44938   FALSE
49 49  7.9176000 14.44938   FALSE
50 50  0.3436545 14.44938   FALSE
51 51  1.0703427 14.44938   FALSE
52 52 13.7397965 14.44938   FALSE
53 53 11.7478718 14.44938   FALSE
54 54  1.0920450 14.44938   FALSE
55 55  6.5969758 14.44938   FALSE
56 56  3.3347767 14.44938   FALSE
57 57  3.1032776 14.44938   FALSE
58 58  4.4714150 14.44938   FALSE
59 59  3.8201282 14.44938   FALSE
60 60  4.6910318 14.44938   FALSE
61 61 18.0063496 14.44938    TRUE
62 62  3.8094077 14.44938   FALSE
63 63  4.3279148 14.44938   FALSE
64 64  4.1991910 14.44938   FALSE
65 65  4.2804257 14.44938   FALSE
66 66  6.9213411 14.44938   FALSE
67 67  6.8282357 14.44938   FALSE
68 68  7.9653873 14.44938   FALSE
69 69  4.2605254 14.44938   FALSE
70 70  1.3128651 14.44938   FALSE
71 71  4.7014449 14.44938   FALSE

head(outlier_table)

  ID        MD   cutoff outlier
1  1  3.287707 14.44938   FALSE
2  2 18.038927 14.44938    TRUE
3  3 15.026642 14.44938    TRUE
4  4 29.635536 14.44938    TRUE
5  5  1.114123 14.44938   FALSE
6  6  4.283721 14.44938   FALSE

plot(md, type = "h",
     main = "Mahalanobis Distance (Multivariate Outliers)",
     ylab = "D²")

abline(h = cutoff, col = "red", lty = 2)

X <- Seb_Analysis_Data[, 43:48]

z <- scale(X)

describe(z)

                vars   n mean sd median trimmed  mad   min  max range  skew
Attitude           1 146    0  1   0.13    0.06 0.92 -3.97 1.99  5.96 -0.57
Subjective_Norm    2 143    0  1   0.11    0.08 0.61 -3.78 1.95  5.74 -0.94
Perc_Beh_Ctl       3 143    0  1   0.13    0.09 0.96 -4.17 1.85  6.02 -1.03
Intention          4 143    0  1   0.03    0.09 0.93 -3.93 1.90  5.83 -0.91
PEB                5  90    0  1   0.03    0.03 0.89 -3.18 2.43  5.61 -0.26
ILOC               6 143    0  1  -0.12   -0.02 0.82 -4.00 2.66  6.65  0.04
                kurtosis   se
Attitude            0.87 0.08
Subjective_Norm     1.74 0.08
Perc_Beh_Ctl        2.22 0.08
Intention           1.36 0.08
PEB                 0.53 0.11
ILOC                2.21 0.08

hist(z)

outliers <- which(abs(z) > 3.29, arr.ind = TRUE)

outliers

     row col
[1,]  16   1
[2,]  18   2
[3,]  16   3
[4,]  17   3
[5,]  18   3
[6,]  18   4
[7,]  18   6

boxplot(Seb_Analysis_Data[, 43:48])

ToPB_Model_1 <- '
              Intention ~ Attitude + Subjective_Norm + Perc_Beh_Ctl
              PEB ~ Intention 
'


ToPB_Model_1_fit <- sem(model = ToPB_Model_1, data = Seb_Analysis_Data,
missing = "fiml", mimic = "Mplus")

Warning: lavaan->lav_data_full():  
   152 cases were deleted due to missing values in exogenous variable(s), 
   while fixed.x = TRUE.

summary(ToPB_Model_1_fit, standardized = TRUE, fit.measures = TRUE)

lavaan 0.6-21 ended normally after 13 iterations

  Estimator                                         ML
  Optimization method                           NLMINB
  Number of model parameters                         8

                                                  Used       Total
  Number of observations                           143         295
  Number of missing patterns                         2            

Model Test User Model:
                                                      
  Test statistic                                 0.734
  Degrees of freedom                                 3
  P-value (Chi-square)                           0.865

Model Test Baseline Model:

  Test statistic                               168.576
  Degrees of freedom                                 7
  P-value                                        0.000

User Model versus Baseline Model:

  Comparative Fit Index (CFI)                    1.000
  Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI)                       1.033
                                                      
  Robust Comparative Fit Index (CFI)             1.000
  Robust Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI)                1.063

Loglikelihood and Information Criteria:

  Loglikelihood user model (H0)               -256.292
  Loglikelihood unrestricted model (H1)       -255.925
                                                      
  Akaike (AIC)                                 528.583
  Bayesian (BIC)                               552.286
  Sample-size adjusted Bayesian (SABIC)        526.973

Root Mean Square Error of Approximation:

  RMSEA                                          0.000
  90 Percent confidence interval - lower         0.000
  90 Percent confidence interval - upper         0.073
  P-value H_0: RMSEA <= 0.050                    0.915
  P-value H_0: RMSEA >= 0.080                    0.041
                                                      
  Robust RMSEA                                   0.000
  90 Percent confidence interval - lower         0.000
  90 Percent confidence interval - upper         0.106
  P-value H_0: Robust RMSEA <= 0.050             0.887
  P-value H_0: Robust RMSEA >= 0.080             0.079

Standardized Root Mean Square Residual:

  SRMR                                           0.014

Parameter Estimates:

  Standard errors                             Standard
  Information                                 Observed
  Observed information based on                Hessian

Regressions:
                   Estimate  Std.Err  z-value  P(>|z|)   Std.lv  Std.all
  Intention ~                                                           
    Attitude          0.133    0.103    1.281    0.200    0.133    0.108
    Subjective_Nrm    0.445    0.073    6.135    0.000    0.445    0.453
    Perc_Beh_Ctl      0.371    0.072    5.153    0.000    0.371    0.359
  PEB ~                                                                 
    Intention        -0.277    0.120   -2.307    0.021   -0.277   -0.282

Intercepts:
                   Estimate  Std.Err  z-value  P(>|z|)   Std.lv  Std.all
   .Intention         0.251    0.357    0.704    0.482    0.251    0.210
   .PEB               6.459    0.691    9.343    0.000    6.459    5.502

Variances:
                   Estimate  Std.Err  z-value  P(>|z|)   Std.lv  Std.all
   .Intention         0.458    0.054    8.456    0.000    0.458    0.321
   .PEB               1.269    0.213    5.958    0.000    1.269    0.921

ToPB_Model_2 <- '
              
              Intention ~ Attitude + Subjective_Norm + Perc_Beh_Ctl 
              PEB ~ Intention + ELOC + ILOC
              Attitude ~~ Subjective_Norm
              Attitude ~~ Perc_Beh_Ctl
              Subjective_Norm ~~ Perc_Beh_Ctl
'


ToPB_Model_2_fit <- sem(model = ToPB_Model_2, data = Seb_Analysis_Data,
missing = "fiml", mimic = "Mplus")

Warning: lavaan->lav_data_full():  
   152 cases were deleted due to missing values in exogenous variable(s), 
   while fixed.x = TRUE.

summary(ToPB_Model_2_fit, standardized = TRUE, fit.measures = TRUE)

lavaan 0.6-21 ended normally after 42 iterations

  Estimator                                         ML
  Optimization method                           NLMINB
  Number of model parameters                        19

                                                  Used       Total
  Number of observations                           143         295
  Number of missing patterns                         2            

Model Test User Model:
                                                      
  Test statistic                                69.192
  Degrees of freedom                                11
  P-value (Chi-square)                           0.000

Model Test Baseline Model:

  Test statistic                               473.563
  Degrees of freedom                                20
  P-value                                        0.000

User Model versus Baseline Model:

  Comparative Fit Index (CFI)                    0.872
  Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI)                       0.767
                                                      
  Robust Comparative Fit Index (CFI)             0.878
  Robust Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI)                0.779

Loglikelihood and Information Criteria:

  Loglikelihood user model (H0)               -791.548
  Loglikelihood unrestricted model (H1)       -756.952
                                                      
  Akaike (AIC)                                1621.096
  Bayesian (BIC)                              1677.390
  Sample-size adjusted Bayesian (SABIC)       1617.270

Root Mean Square Error of Approximation:

  RMSEA                                          0.192
  90 Percent confidence interval - lower         0.150
  90 Percent confidence interval - upper         0.237
  P-value H_0: RMSEA <= 0.050                    0.000
  P-value H_0: RMSEA >= 0.080                    1.000
                                                      
  Robust RMSEA                                   0.188
  90 Percent confidence interval - lower         0.140
  90 Percent confidence interval - upper         0.239
  P-value H_0: Robust RMSEA <= 0.050             0.000
  P-value H_0: Robust RMSEA >= 0.080             1.000

Standardized Root Mean Square Residual:

  SRMR                                           0.223

Parameter Estimates:

  Standard errors                             Standard
  Information                                 Observed
  Observed information based on                Hessian

Regressions:
                   Estimate  Std.Err  z-value  P(>|z|)   Std.lv  Std.all
  Intention ~                                                           
    Attitude          0.133    0.103    1.281    0.200    0.133    0.108
    Subjective_Nrm    0.445    0.073    6.135    0.000    0.445    0.453
    Perc_Beh_Ctl      0.371    0.072    5.153    0.000    0.371    0.359
  PEB ~                                                                 
    Intention        -0.216    0.141   -1.531    0.126   -0.216   -0.222
    ELOC              0.214    0.154    1.386    0.166    0.214    0.201
    ILOC              0.018    0.198    0.091    0.928    0.018    0.014

Covariances:
                     Estimate  Std.Err  z-value  P(>|z|)   Std.lv  Std.all
  Attitude ~~                                                             
    Subjective_Nrm      0.898    0.124    7.239    0.000    0.898    0.761
    Perc_Beh_Ctl        0.817    0.116    7.027    0.000    0.817    0.726
  Subjective_Norm ~~                                                      
    Perc_Beh_Ctl        0.878    0.139    6.326    0.000    0.878    0.623

Intercepts:
                   Estimate  Std.Err  z-value  P(>|z|)   Std.lv  Std.all
   .Intention         0.251    0.357    0.704    0.482    0.251    0.210
   .PEB               5.290    1.264    4.185    0.000    5.290    4.557
    Attitude          5.979    0.081   73.638    0.000    5.979    6.158
    Subjective_Nrm    5.617    0.102   55.236    0.000    5.617    4.619
    Perc_Beh_Ctl      5.853    0.097   60.419    0.000    5.853    5.052

Variances:
                   Estimate  Std.Err  z-value  P(>|z|)   Std.lv  Std.all
   .Intention         0.458    0.054    8.456    0.000    0.458    0.321
   .PEB               1.230    0.207    5.958    0.000    1.230    0.913
    Attitude          0.943    0.111    8.456    0.000    0.943    1.000
    Subjective_Nrm    1.479    0.175    8.456    0.000    1.479    1.000
    Perc_Beh_Ctl      1.342    0.159    8.456    0.000    1.342    1.000

model_1 <-aov(ILOC ~ PoliticalAffiliationsinOntario, data=Seb_Analysis_Data)
summary(model_1)

                                Df Sum Sq Mean Sq F value Pr(>F)  
PoliticalAffiliationsinOntario   1   2.29  2.2928   2.769 0.0986 .
Residuals                      125 103.49  0.8279                 
---
Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
168 observations deleted due to missingness

ggplot(data = Seb_Analysis_Data, aes(x = PEB, y = Intention)) +
  geom_point()

Warning: Removed 224 rows containing missing values or values outside the scale range
(`geom_point()`).

ToPB_Model_3 <- '
              
              Perc_Beh_Ctl ~ ILOC + Attitude
              Subjective_Norm ~ Attitude + ILOC
              Intention ~ Subjective_Norm + Perc_Beh_Ctl   
              PEB ~ Intention
              
             
'


ToPB_Model_3_fit <- sem(model = ToPB_Model_3, data = Seb_Analysis_Data,
missing = "fiml", estimator = "MLR",mimic = "Mplus")

Warning: lavaan->lav_data_full():  
   152 cases were deleted due to missing values in exogenous variable(s), 
   while fixed.x = TRUE.

summary(ToPB_Model_3_fit, standardized = TRUE, fit.measures = TRUE)

lavaan 0.6-21 ended normally after 19 iterations

  Estimator                                         ML
  Optimization method                           NLMINB
  Number of model parameters                        15

                                                  Used       Total
  Number of observations                           143         295
  Number of missing patterns                         2            

Model Test User Model:
                                              Standard      Scaled
  Test Statistic                                 3.507       3.659
  Degrees of freedom                                 7           7
  P-value (Chi-square)                           0.834       0.818
  Scaling correction factor                                  0.958
    Yuan-Bentler correction (Mplus variant)                       

Model Test Baseline Model:

  Test statistic                               426.718     428.194
  Degrees of freedom                                14          14
  P-value                                        0.000       0.000
  Scaling correction factor                                  0.997

User Model versus Baseline Model:

  Comparative Fit Index (CFI)                    1.000       1.000
  Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI)                       1.017       1.016
                                                                  
  Robust Comparative Fit Index (CFI)                         1.000
  Robust Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI)                            1.028

Loglikelihood and Information Criteria:

  Loglikelihood user model (H0)               -583.435    -583.435
  Scaling correction factor                                  1.199
      for the MLR correction                                      
  Loglikelihood unrestricted model (H1)       -581.682    -581.682
  Scaling correction factor                                  1.123
      for the MLR correction                                      
                                                                  
  Akaike (AIC)                                1196.871    1196.871
  Bayesian (BIC)                              1241.313    1241.313
  Sample-size adjusted Bayesian (SABIC)       1193.851    1193.851

Root Mean Square Error of Approximation:

  RMSEA                                          0.000       0.000
  90 Percent confidence interval - lower         0.000       0.000
  90 Percent confidence interval - upper         0.060       0.065
  P-value H_0: RMSEA <= 0.050                    0.927       0.913
  P-value H_0: RMSEA >= 0.080                    0.019       0.025
                                                                  
  Robust RMSEA                                               0.000
  90 Percent confidence interval - lower                     0.000
  90 Percent confidence interval - upper                     0.063
  P-value H_0: Robust RMSEA <= 0.050                         0.930
  P-value H_0: Robust RMSEA >= 0.080                         0.028

Standardized Root Mean Square Residual:

  SRMR                                           0.021       0.021

Parameter Estimates:

  Standard errors                             Sandwich
  Information bread                           Observed
  Observed information based on                Hessian

Regressions:
                    Estimate  Std.Err  z-value  P(>|z|)   Std.lv  Std.all
  Perc_Beh_Ctl ~                                                         
    ILOC               0.267    0.106    2.516    0.012    0.267    0.207
    Attitude           0.743    0.073   10.119    0.000    0.743    0.622
  Subjective_Norm ~                                                      
    Attitude           0.799    0.083    9.604    0.000    0.799    0.638
    ILOC               0.332    0.099    3.362    0.001    0.332    0.245
  Intention ~                                                            
    Subjective_Nrm     0.499    0.071    7.020    0.000    0.499    0.511
    Perc_Beh_Ctl       0.417    0.074    5.627    0.000    0.417    0.407
  PEB ~                                                                  
    Intention         -0.277    0.101   -2.752    0.006   -0.277   -0.280

Intercepts:
                   Estimate  Std.Err  z-value  P(>|z|)   Std.lv  Std.all
   .Perc_Beh_Ctl      0.182    0.537    0.338    0.735    0.182    0.157
   .Subjective_Nrm   -0.688    0.482   -1.428    0.153   -0.688   -0.565
   .Intention         0.476    0.320    1.489    0.137    0.476    0.401
   .PEB               6.459    0.526   12.285    0.000    6.459    5.505

Variances:
                   Estimate  Std.Err  z-value  P(>|z|)   Std.lv  Std.all
   .Perc_Beh_Ctl      0.591    0.092    6.457    0.000    0.591    0.440
   .Subjective_Nrm    0.557    0.063    8.862    0.000    0.557    0.376
   .Intention         0.463    0.068    6.774    0.000    0.463    0.329
   .PEB               1.269    0.230    5.507    0.000    1.269    0.922

parameterEstimates(ToPB_Model_3_fit, standardized=TRUE) %>%
  filter(op == "~") %>%
  select('Outcome'=lhs, 'Predictor'=rhs, B=est, SE=se, Z=z, 'p-value'=pvalue, Beta=std.all,CI_Lower=ci.lower, CI_Upper=ci.upper) %>%
  knitr::kable(digits = 3, format="html", booktabs=TRUE, caption="Total Sample Regressions")%>%
  kable_classic(full_width = F, html_font = "Cambria")

Total Sample Regressions
Outcome	Predictor	B	SE	Z	p-value	Beta	CI_Lower	CI_Upper
Perc_Beh_Ctl	ILOC	0.267	0.106	2.516	0.012	0.207	0.059	0.476
Perc_Beh_Ctl	Attitude	0.743	0.073	10.119	0.000	0.622	0.599	0.886
Subjective_Norm	Attitude	0.799	0.083	9.604	0.000	0.638	0.636	0.962
Subjective_Norm	ILOC	0.332	0.099	3.362	0.001	0.245	0.138	0.526
Intention	Subjective_Norm	0.499	0.071	7.020	0.000	0.511	0.359	0.638
Intention	Perc_Beh_Ctl	0.417	0.074	5.627	0.000	0.407	0.272	0.562
PEB	Intention	-0.277	0.101	-2.752	0.006	-0.280	-0.474	-0.080