HOCHSCHULE
FRESENIUS UNIVERSITY OF APPLIED SCIENCES
Presentation

Geospatial
Visualization
In R

A visual introduction to geospatial visualization, spatial data types, R packages and an example workflow using Düsseldorf OSM data.

Geospatial Visualization and R

Geospatial visualization helps transform raw location-based data into maps, patterns and visual stories. It is used in urban planning, transportation, environmental analysis, real estate, public health and business analytics.

1.1

Visual Examples

Maps, heatmaps, choropleths, interactive layers and accessibility visuals.

1.2

Where It Is Used

Urban planning, mobility, environment, retail location and decision-making.

1.3

Why R?

R allows reproducible spatial analysis, mapping and data visualization in one workflow.

DATA SOURCE

OpenStreetMap

Geofabrik Düsseldorf dataset

What is Spatial and Geospatial Data?

Spatial data describes position, size and form in space. Geospatial data is a specific type of spatial data connected to real-world locations on Earth.

SPATIAL DATA

Any Space

CAD plans, video game coordinates, 3D models or virtual environments.

GEOSPATIAL DATA

Earth-Based

GPS coordinates, satellite imagery, land parcels and traffic routing data.

REFERENCE

Coordinates

Uses latitude, longitude, elevation and coordinate reference systems.

EXAMPLES

Maps

City boundaries, road networks, parks, rivers and residential areas.

Data Formats and Comparisons

POINT

Locations

Single coordinate features such as POIs, bus stops or GPS points.

LINE

Networks

Linear features such as roads, railways, rivers and routes.

POLYGON

Areas

Closed shapes such as city boundaries, parks, land use and buildings.

RASTER

Grids

Pixel-based data such as satellite images, elevation and heatmaps.

Main R Packages

PACKAGE

sf

Reading, cleaning and processing vector spatial data.

PACKAGE

ggplot2

Creating clean static maps and visualizations.

PACKAGE

leaflet

Building interactive web maps.

PACKAGE

tmap

Alternative thematic mapping workflow.

Example Workflow in R

5.1

Import Spatial Data

Read shapefiles with st_read().

5.2

Clean Coordinates

Check geometries, missing values and spatial validity.

5.3

Transform CRS

Use a consistent coordinate reference system for all layers.

5.4

Visualize

Build layered maps with ggplot2, leaflet or tmap.

Project Overview

This presentation website transforms a step-by-step R geospatial workflow into a visual data story. Each map adds one analytical layer to understand the urban structure of Düsseldorf.

STUDY AREA

Düsseldorf

The analysis focuses on the city boundary as the spatial frame.

DATA

OSM Layers

Land use, water, roads and residential areas are used.

TOOLS

R + sf

The maps are produced through a reproducible R workflow.

OUTPUT

7 Maps

The final result is a visual sequence of spatial layers.

Map-Based Storytelling

The maps are ordered as a visual build-up: first the boundary, then green areas, residential areas, water bodies, road network and accessibility to green spaces.

MAP 01

Study Area

The first map introduces Düsseldorf as the geographic boundary of the analysis.

Boundary
MAP 02

Green Areas

Parks, forests, grass areas and recreation grounds are added to the city boundary.

Landscape Layer
MAP 03

Residential Structure

Residential areas are added to compare built-up urban zones with green spaces.

Residential + Parks
MAP 04

Water Structure

The Rhein River and water bodies are included as major spatial elements of Düsseldorf.

Water + Landuse
MAP 05

Road Network

The road layer reveals the mobility skeleton and connects residential and green areas.

Roads + Base Layers
MAP 06

Green Accessibility

Residential points are compared by their distance to green areas.

Distance Analysis
MAP 07

Classified Distance

Distance values are grouped into categories to make accessibility patterns easier to read.

Grouped Distance

Key Findings

The visual sequence shows how different spatial layers gradually reveal the structure of the city.

01

Green Structure

Green areas are widely distributed, but their intensity changes across the city.

02

Urban Core

Residential areas and roads create a denser structure around central districts.

03

Accessibility

Distance to green areas can be visualized as a simple spatial accessibility indicator.

Interactive Map

The static maps explain the analytical process. The interactive Leaflet map can be used as an additional exploration layer.

If the interactive map does not load inside the page, open it in a new browser tab .

Data Speaks
Through Maps

Geospatial data can be transformed into meaningful insights through reproducible R workflows and clear visual storytelling.