Participants Slow Walking Speed
N = 505
1
Moderate Walking Speed
N = 520
1
Fast Walking Speed
N = 481
1
p-value2
Sex Assigned at Birth


0.2
    Male 145 (29%) 174 (33%) 161 (33%)
    Female 360 (71%) 346 (67%) 320 (67%)
Age


<0.001
    65-70 97 (19%) 137 (26%) 194 (40%)
    71-75 123 (24%) 174 (33%) 162 (34%)
    76-80 161 (32%) 163 (31%) 102 (21%)
    81-85 89 (18%) 35 (6.7%) 20 (4.2%)
    Above 85 35 (6.9%) 11 (2.1%) 3 (0.6%)
Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS)



    1 - Very Fit 23 (4.6%) 62 (12%) 138 (29%)
    2 - Well 209 (41%) 339 (66%) 292 (61%)
    3 - Managing Well 189 (38%) 107 (21%) 42 (8.8%)
    4 - Vulnerable 76 (15%) 9 (1.7%) 7 (1.5%)
    5 - Mildly Frail 6 (1.2%) 0 (0%) 0 (0%)
    6 - Moderately Frail 1 (0.2%) 0 (0%) 0 (0%)
    7 - Severely Frail 0 (0%) 0 (0%) 0 (0%)
    8 - Very Severely Frail 0 (0%) 0 (0%) 0 (0%)
    9 - Terminally Ill 0 (0%) 0 (0%) 0 (0%)
Household Income


<0.001
    <C$20,000 42 (8.3%) 24 (4.6%) 19 (4.0%)
    $C20,000-49,999 147 (29%) 103 (20%) 64 (13%)
    $C50,000-99,999 195 (39%) 221 (43%) 212 (44%)
    >$C100,000 86 (17%) 144 (28%) 164 (34%)
    Unsure 8 (1.6%) 9 (1.7%) 6 (1.2%)
    Prefer Not to Answer 27 (5.3%) 19 (3.7%) 16 (3.3%)
Education Level


0.007
    Secondary School Incomplete 24 (4.8%) 16 (3.1%) 10 (2.1%)
    Secondary School Completed 49 (9.7%) 63 (12%) 36 (7.5%)
    Some Post-Secondary Education 67 (13%) 46 (8.8%) 49 (10%)
    Post-Secondary Diploma 365 (72%) 395 (76%) 386 (80%)
Ethnicity



    White/Caucasian 428 (85%) 446 (86%) 441 (92%)
    Asian 56 (11%) 51 (9.8%) 29 (6.0%)
    Other / Unknown 12 (2.4%) 12 (2.3%) 9 (1.9%)
    Multiracial / Multiple Ethnicities 4 (0.8%) 6 (1.2%) 1 (0.2%)
    Black 5 (1.0%) 5 (1.0%) 1 (0.2%)
Employment Status


0.4
    Retired 343 (92%) 353 (91%) 298 (88%)
    Working Part-Time 15 (4.0%) 22 (5.7%) 20 (5.9%)
    Working Full-Time 8 (2.1%) 7 (1.8%) 14 (4.2%)
    Other / Prefer not to answer 8 (2.1%) 6 (1.5%) 5 (1.5%)
Body Mass Index (kg/m^2)


<0.001
    Underweight (<18.5) 8 (1.6%) 9 (1.7%) 16 (3.3%)
    Healthy Weight (18.5-25) 187 (37%) 214 (41%) 232 (48%)
    Overweight (25-30) 170 (34%) 206 (40%) 188 (39%)
    Obesity (>30) 139 (28%) 91 (18%) 44 (9.2%)
Self Identified Polypharmacy 134 (27%) 75 (14%) 49 (10%) <0.001
Chronic Health Conditions



     Other 422 (84%) 415 (80%) 352 (73%) <0.001
     Musculoskeletal 328 (65%) 296 (57%) 254 (53%) <0.001
     Vision 294 (58%) 259 (50%) 190 (40%) <0.001
     Cardiac/Cardiovascular 243 (48%) 209 (40%) 155 (32%) <0.001
     Respiratory 90 (18%) 74 (14%) 66 (14%) 0.14
     Gastrointestinal 78 (15%) 27 (5.2%) 30 (6.2%) <0.001
     Neurological 70 (14%) 39 (7.5%) 20 (4.2%) <0.001
1 n (%)
2 Pearson’s Chi-squared test; NA