Final Project Template
A’zya Cowans, Deion Mcintosh
2025-04-16
Part 1 - Introduction
Different frog species have different calls that they rely on, especially during breeding season. Many species call during specific times of the year, while others call year‑round. Understanding these seasonal patterns can help biologists keep an eye on populations, environmental change, and identify species that may be vulnerable to climate‑driven shifts.
In this project, we use the FrogID dataset (2025 TidyTuesday) to determine if different frog species have distinct calling seasons.
frogID_data <- readr::read_csv('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/rfordatascience/tidytuesday/main/data/2025/2025-09-02/frogID_data.csv')## Rows: 136621 Columns: 11
## ── Column specification ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
## Delimiter: ","
## chr (3): scientificName, timezone, stateProvince
## dbl (6): occurrenceID, eventID, decimalLatitude, decimalLongitude, coordina...
## date (1): eventDate
## time (1): eventTime
##
## ℹ Use `spec()` to retrieve the full column specification for this data.
## ℹ Specify the column types or set `show_col_types = FALSE` to quiet this message.frog_names <- readr::read_csv('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/rfordatascience/tidytuesday/main/data/2025/2025-09-02/frog_names.csv')## Rows: 294 Columns: 5
## ── Column specification ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
## Delimiter: ","
## chr (5): subfamily, tribe, scientificName, commonName, secondary_commonNames
##
## ℹ Use `spec()` to retrieve the full column specification for this data.
## ℹ Specify the column types or set `show_col_types = FALSE` to quiet this message.library(tidyverse)
library(here)
frogID <- here("frog_data.csv")
frogID_data <- read_csv("frog_data.csv") %>%
select(-c(datasetName, basisOfRecord, dataGeneralizations,
sex, lifestage, behavior, samplingProtocol, country,
machineObservation, geoprivacy,
modified)) %>%
filter(format(eventDate, "%Y") == "2023") %>%
separate_wider_regex(eventTime,
patterns = c(eventTime = "^\\d{2}:\\d{2}:\\d{2}", timezone = ".*$")) %>%
mutate(timezone = ifelse(grepl("^[+-]", timezone), paste0("GMT", timezone), timezone))## Rows: 822926 Columns: 21
## ── Column specification ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
## Delimiter: ","
## chr (13): datasetName, basisOfRecord, dataGeneralizations, sex, lifestage, ...
## dbl (6): occurrenceID, eventID, decimalLatitude, decimalLongitude, coordin...
## date (2): eventDate, modified
##
## ℹ Use `spec()` to retrieve the full column specification for this data.
## ℹ Specify the column types or set `show_col_types = FALSE` to quiet this message.download.file("https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jessjep/Frogs/main/frog_names.xlsx",
destfile = "frog_names.xlsx", mode = "wb")
frog_names <- readxl::read_xlsx("frog_names.xlsx") %>%
select(1:4) %>%
separate_wider_delim(`GROUP, FAMILY, SUBFAMILY, TRIBE`, delim = ",",
names = c("family", "subfamily", "tribe")) %>%
rename(scientificName = `GENUS SPECIES SUBSPECIES`,
commonName = `COMMON NAME`,
secondary_commonNames = `SECONDARY COMMON NAMES`) %>%
select(-1)
frog_names[frog_names == "—"] <- NA
frog_clean <- frogID_data %>%
mutate(
eventDate = as.Date(eventDate),
month_num = month(eventDate),
season = case_when(
month_num %in% c(12, 1, 2) ~ "Summer",
month_num %in% c(3, 4, 5) ~ "Autumn",
month_num %in% c(6, 7, 8) ~ "Winter",
month_num %in% c(9, 10, 11) ~ "Spring",
TRUE ~ NA_character_
),
season = factor(season, levels = c("Summer", "Autumn", "Winter", "Spring"))
) %>%
filter(!is.na(scientificName), !is.na(season))Part 2 - Main Research Question
Do different frog species have distinct calling seasons?
Part 3 - Exploring the Data (Descriptive Statistics)
To explore the data,species names were converted into a categorical variable and the frequency of each species was calculated. The data was then grouped by season, and the number of observations for selected frog species were counted within each season. The dataset was reshaped from wide to long format using pivot_longer() to prepare it for graphing.
A bar plot was created to compare the number of calls of each species across the seasons. Further exploring the data, we made a scatter plot (specifically a jitter plot) and broke the data down by taking the frogs with the highest count and referencing their call times throughout the seasons. By doing this it’s easier to indicate when the most populated frogs have their call times; although, each frog is different, and while a majority prefer spring over others, one species prefers the Winter season.
is.factor(frog_clean$scientificName)## [1] FALSEfrog_clean$scientificName <- as.factor(frog_clean$scientificName)
levels(frog_clean$scientificName)## [1] "Adelotus brevis" "Anstisia lutea"
## [3] "Anstisia rosea" "Assa darlingtoni"
## [5] "Austrochaperina adelphe" "Austrochaperina fryi"
## [7] "Austrochaperina gracilipes" "Austrochaperina pluvialis"
## [9] "Austrochaperina robusta" "Cophixalus aenigma"
## [11] "Cophixalus australis" "Cophixalus bombiens"
## [13] "Cophixalus exiguus" "Cophixalus infacetus"
## [15] "Cophixalus ornatus" "Cophixalus saxatilis"
## [17] "Crinia bilingua" "Crinia deserticola"
## [19] "Crinia georgiana" "Crinia glauerti"
## [21] "Crinia insignifera" "Crinia parinsignifera"
## [23] "Crinia pseudinsignifera" "Crinia remota"
## [25] "Crinia signifera" "Crinia sloanei"
## [27] "Crinia subinsignifera" "Crinia tasmaniensis"
## [29] "Crinia tinnula" "Cyclorana alboguttata"
## [31] "Cyclorana australis" "Cyclorana brevipes"
## [33] "Cyclorana cryptotis" "Cyclorana cultripes"
## [35] "Cyclorana longipes" "Cyclorana maculosa"
## [37] "Cyclorana maini" "Cyclorana manya"
## [39] "Cyclorana novaehollandiae" "Cyclorana platycephala"
## [41] "Geocrinia laevis" "Geocrinia leai"
## [43] "Geocrinia victoriana" "Heleioporus albopunctatus"
## [45] "Heleioporus australiacus" "Heleioporus barycragus"
## [47] "Heleioporus eyrei" "Heleioporus inornatus"
## [49] "Heleioporus psammophilus" "Lechriodus fletcheri"
## [51] "Limnodynastes convexiusculus" "Limnodynastes dorsalis"
## [53] "Limnodynastes dumerilii" "Limnodynastes fletcheri"
## [55] "Limnodynastes grayi" "Limnodynastes interioris"
## [57] "Limnodynastes peronii" "Limnodynastes salmini"
## [59] "Limnodynastes superciliaris" "Limnodynastes tasmaniensis"
## [61] "Litoria adelaidensis" "Litoria aurea"
## [63] "Litoria balatus" "Litoria barringtonensis"
## [65] "Litoria bella" "Litoria bicolor"
## [67] "Litoria brevipalmata" "Litoria burrowsae"
## [69] "Litoria caerulea" "Litoria calliscelis"
## [71] "Litoria chloris" "Litoria citropa"
## [73] "Litoria cooloolensis" "Litoria coplandi"
## [75] "Litoria corbeni" "Litoria cyclorhyncha"
## [77] "Litoria daviesae" "Litoria dayi"
## [79] "Litoria dentata" "Litoria eucnemis"
## [81] "Litoria ewingii" "Litoria fallax"
## [83] "Litoria freycineti" "Litoria gilleni"
## [85] "Litoria gracilenta" "Litoria inermis"
## [87] "Litoria infrafrenata" "Litoria jervisiensis"
## [89] "Litoria jungguy" "Litoria larisonans"
## [91] "Litoria latopalmata" "Litoria lesueuri"
## [93] "Litoria littlejohni" "Litoria microbelos"
## [95] "Litoria moorei" "Litoria nannotis"
## [97] "Litoria nasuta" "Litoria nigrofrenata"
## [99] "Litoria nudidigitus" "Litoria olongburensis"
## [101] "Litoria pallida" "Litoria paraewingi"
## [103] "Litoria pearsoniana" "Litoria peronii"
## [105] "Litoria phyllochroa" "Litoria pyrina"
## [107] "Litoria quiritatus" "Litoria raniformis"
## [109] "Litoria revelata" "Litoria rheocola"
## [111] "Litoria ridibunda" "Litoria rothii"
## [113] "Litoria rubella" "Litoria serrata"
## [115] "Litoria sibilus" "Litoria spaldingi"
## [117] "Litoria subglandulosa" "Litoria tornieri"
## [119] "Litoria tyleri" "Litoria verreauxii"
## [121] "Litoria watjulumensis" "Litoria watsoni"
## [123] "Litoria wilcoxii" "Litoria xanthomera"
## [125] "Metacrinia nichollsi" "Mixophyes australis"
## [127] "Mixophyes balbus" "Mixophyes carbinensis"
## [129] "Mixophyes coggeri" "Mixophyes fasciolatus"
## [131] "Mixophyes fleayi" "Mixophyes iteratus"
## [133] "Mixophyes schevilli" "Myobatrachus gouldii"
## [135] "Neobatrachus albipes" "Neobatrachus aquilonius"
## [137] "Neobatrachus kunapalari" "Neobatrachus pictus"
## [139] "Neobatrachus sudellae" "Neobatrachus sutor"
## [141] "Notaden melanoscaphus" "Notaden nichollsi"
## [143] "Papurana daemeli" "Paracrinia haswelli"
## [145] "Philoria kundagungan" "Philoria loveridgei"
## [147] "Philoria pughi" "Philoria sphagnicola"
## [149] "Platyplectrum ornatum" "Platyplectrum spenceri"
## [151] "Pseudophryne australis" "Pseudophryne bibronii"
## [153] "Pseudophryne coriacea" "Pseudophryne dendyi"
## [155] "Pseudophryne guentheri" "Pseudophryne major"
## [157] "Pseudophryne occidentalis" "Pseudophryne raveni"
## [159] "Pseudophryne robinsoni" "Rhinella marina"
## [161] "Spicospina flammocaerulea" "Taudactylus liemi"
## [163] "Uperoleia altissima" "Uperoleia aspera"
## [165] "Uperoleia borealis" "Uperoleia crassa"
## [167] "Uperoleia daviesae" "Uperoleia fusca"
## [169] "Uperoleia glandulosa" "Uperoleia laevigata"
## [171] "Uperoleia lithomoda" "Uperoleia littlejohni"
## [173] "Uperoleia mahonyi" "Uperoleia martini"
## [175] "Uperoleia mimula" "Uperoleia minima"
## [177] "Uperoleia mjobergii" "Uperoleia rugosa"
## [179] "Uperoleia saxatilis" "Uperoleia stridera"
## [181] "Uperoleia talpa" "Uperoleia trachyderma"
## [183] "Uperoleia tyleri"table(frog_clean$scientificName)##
## Adelotus brevis Anstisia lutea
## 2108 5
## Anstisia rosea Assa darlingtoni
## 11 165
## Austrochaperina adelphe Austrochaperina fryi
## 10 27
## Austrochaperina gracilipes Austrochaperina pluvialis
## 31 169
## Austrochaperina robusta Cophixalus aenigma
## 29 5
## Cophixalus australis Cophixalus bombiens
## 101 1
## Cophixalus exiguus Cophixalus infacetus
## 1 27
## Cophixalus ornatus Cophixalus saxatilis
## 163 3
## Crinia bilingua Crinia deserticola
## 50 85
## Crinia georgiana Crinia glauerti
## 1144 2673
## Crinia insignifera Crinia parinsignifera
## 705 2594
## Crinia pseudinsignifera Crinia remota
## 420 257
## Crinia signifera Crinia sloanei
## 19820 292
## Crinia subinsignifera Crinia tasmaniensis
## 51 1
## Crinia tinnula Cyclorana alboguttata
## 318 49
## Cyclorana australis Cyclorana brevipes
## 91 32
## Cyclorana cryptotis Cyclorana cultripes
## 1 11
## Cyclorana longipes Cyclorana maculosa
## 30 1
## Cyclorana maini Cyclorana manya
## 16 1
## Cyclorana novaehollandiae Cyclorana platycephala
## 32 4
## Geocrinia laevis Geocrinia leai
## 3 567
## Geocrinia victoriana Heleioporus albopunctatus
## 7 53
## Heleioporus australiacus Heleioporus barycragus
## 19 23
## Heleioporus eyrei Heleioporus inornatus
## 523 3
## Heleioporus psammophilus Lechriodus fletcheri
## 4 19
## Limnodynastes convexiusculus Limnodynastes dorsalis
## 449 991
## Limnodynastes dumerilii Limnodynastes fletcheri
## 1114 242
## Limnodynastes grayi Limnodynastes interioris
## 70 2
## Limnodynastes peronii Limnodynastes salmini
## 15002 241
## Limnodynastes superciliaris Limnodynastes tasmaniensis
## 22 3765
## Litoria adelaidensis Litoria aurea
## 1820 18
## Litoria balatus Litoria barringtonensis
## 226 241
## Litoria bella Litoria bicolor
## 4 332
## Litoria brevipalmata Litoria burrowsae
## 14 4
## Litoria caerulea Litoria calliscelis
## 3011 387
## Litoria chloris Litoria citropa
## 362 17
## Litoria cooloolensis Litoria coplandi
## 62 8
## Litoria corbeni Litoria cyclorhyncha
## 2 44
## Litoria daviesae Litoria dayi
## 27 1
## Litoria dentata Litoria eucnemis
## 777 3
## Litoria ewingii Litoria fallax
## 148 8484
## Litoria freycineti Litoria gilleni
## 30 1
## Litoria gracilenta Litoria inermis
## 1619 139
## Litoria infrafrenata Litoria jervisiensis
## 436 177
## Litoria jungguy Litoria larisonans
## 64 21
## Litoria latopalmata Litoria lesueuri
## 1307 18
## Litoria littlejohni Litoria microbelos
## 2 11
## Litoria moorei Litoria nannotis
## 1212 1
## Litoria nasuta Litoria nigrofrenata
## 538 28
## Litoria nudidigitus Litoria olongburensis
## 601 83
## Litoria pallida Litoria paraewingi
## 8 139
## Litoria pearsoniana Litoria peronii
## 93 7680
## Litoria phyllochroa Litoria pyrina
## 803 1351
## Litoria quiritatus Litoria raniformis
## 1114 137
## Litoria revelata Litoria rheocola
## 118 21
## Litoria ridibunda Litoria rothii
## 379 93
## Litoria rubella Litoria serrata
## 497 32
## Litoria sibilus Litoria spaldingi
## 24 58
## Litoria subglandulosa Litoria tornieri
## 11 92
## Litoria tyleri Litoria verreauxii
## 1244 4262
## Litoria watjulumensis Litoria watsoni
## 5 10
## Litoria wilcoxii Litoria xanthomera
## 207 276
## Metacrinia nichollsi Mixophyes australis
## 26 12
## Mixophyes balbus Mixophyes carbinensis
## 31 2
## Mixophyes coggeri Mixophyes fasciolatus
## 224 1178
## Mixophyes fleayi Mixophyes iteratus
## 21 101
## Mixophyes schevilli Myobatrachus gouldii
## 2 6
## Neobatrachus albipes Neobatrachus aquilonius
## 6 1
## Neobatrachus kunapalari Neobatrachus pictus
## 4 32
## Neobatrachus sudellae Neobatrachus sutor
## 44 4
## Notaden melanoscaphus Notaden nichollsi
## 23 21
## Papurana daemeli Paracrinia haswelli
## 161 177
## Philoria kundagungan Philoria loveridgei
## 2 18
## Philoria pughi Philoria sphagnicola
## 6 3
## Platyplectrum ornatum Platyplectrum spenceri
## 583 3
## Pseudophryne australis Pseudophryne bibronii
## 126 342
## Pseudophryne coriacea Pseudophryne dendyi
## 430 32
## Pseudophryne guentheri Pseudophryne major
## 92 103
## Pseudophryne occidentalis Pseudophryne raveni
## 9 285
## Pseudophryne robinsoni Rhinella marina
## 1 1048
## Spicospina flammocaerulea Taudactylus liemi
## 6 1
## Uperoleia altissima Uperoleia aspera
## 30 9
## Uperoleia borealis Uperoleia crassa
## 1 104
## Uperoleia daviesae Uperoleia fusca
## 12 719
## Uperoleia glandulosa Uperoleia laevigata
## 3 523
## Uperoleia lithomoda Uperoleia littlejohni
## 29 2
## Uperoleia mahonyi Uperoleia martini
## 7 3
## Uperoleia mimula Uperoleia minima
## 16 1
## Uperoleia mjobergii Uperoleia rugosa
## 4 35
## Uperoleia saxatilis Uperoleia stridera
## 29 2
## Uperoleia talpa Uperoleia trachyderma
## 6 6
## Uperoleia tyleri
## 17library(lubridate)
library(dplyr)
#species_df <- as.data.frame(species_counts) %>%
#arrange(desc(Freq))
frog_species_df <- frog_clean %>%
group_by(season) %>%
summarise(Number_C.signifera = sum(scientificName == 'Crinia signifera', na.rm = TRUE),
Number_Li.peronii = sum(scientificName == 'Limnodynastes peronii',na.rm = TRUE),
Number_L.fallax = sum(scientificName == 'Litoria fallax', na.rm = TRUE),
Number_L.peronii = sum(scientificName == 'Litoria peronii',na.rm = TRUE),
Number_L.tasmaniensis = sum(scientificName == 'Limnodynastes tasmaniensis',na.rm = TRUE),)
frog_species_df## # A tibble: 4 × 6
## season Number_C.signifera Number_Li.peronii Number_L.fallax Number_L.peronii
## <fct> <int> <int> <int> <int>
## 1 Summer 1343 4689 2081 1198
## 2 Autumn 3773 3106 269 109
## 3 Winter 8286 1356 587 232
## 4 Spring 6418 5851 5547 6141
## # ℹ 1 more variable: Number_L.tasmaniensis <int>frog_species_df_2 <- frog_species_df %>%
pivot_longer(
cols = starts_with("Number_"),
names_to = "species",
values_to = "count")
ggplot(frog_species_df_2, aes(x = season, y = count, fill = species)) +
geom_col(position = "dodge") +
theme_minimal() +
labs(
title = "Frog Calls by Season",
x = "Season",
y = "Number of Calls",
fill = "Species")
is.numeric(frog_species_df$Number_C.signifera)## [1] TRUEggplot(frog_species_df_2, aes(x = count)) +
geom_histogram(bins = 10) +
theme_minimal() + labs(x = "Number of Frogs Observed") + facet_wrap(~species) #histograms might not work out because we only have 4 observations for each species (one for each season)
library(ggplot2)
ggplot(frog_species_df_2, aes(x = season, y = count, color = species)) +
geom_jitter(width = 0.2, size = 3) + # Shows every individual observation
theme_minimal() +
labs(x = "Season", y = "Number of Frogs Observed", title = "Frog Calling Frequency by Season") +
facet_wrap(~species)
library(ggplot2)
frog_species_df_2$season <- factor(frog_species_df_2$season,
levels = c("Spring", "Summer", "Autumn", "Winter"))
ggplot(frog_species_df_2, aes(x = season, y = count, color = species, group = species)) +
geom_line(size = 1, alpha = 0.7) +
geom_point(size = 3) +
theme_minimal() +
labs(
title = "Comparative Seasonal Calling Peaks",
x = "Season",
y = "Number of Observations",
color = "Species"
)## Warning: Using `size` aesthetic for lines was deprecated in ggplot2 3.4.0.
## ℹ Please use `linewidth` instead.
## This warning is displayed once per session.
## Call `lifecycle::last_lifecycle_warnings()` to see where this warning was
## generated.
Part 4 - Statistical Tests (Inferential Statistics)
# Monthly summary for the ANOVA
frog_anova_data <- frog_clean %>%
filter(scientificName %in% c('Crinia signifera', 'Limnodynastes peronii',
'Litoria fallax', 'Litoria peronii',
'Limnodynastes tasmaniensis')) %>%
group_by(scientificName, season, month_num) %>%
summarise(count = n(), .groups = 'drop')
frog_anova_model <- aov(count ~ scientificName * season, data = frog_anova_data)
summary(frog_anova_model)## Df Sum Sq Mean Sq F value Pr(>F)
## scientificName 4 14863080 3715770 12.643 1.82e-06 ***
## season 3 12152132 4050711 13.783 4.28e-06 ***
## scientificName:season 12 14465067 1205422 4.102 0.000527 ***
## Residuals 35 10286294 293894
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1TukeyHSD(frog_anova_model)## Tukey multiple comparisons of means
## 95% family-wise confidence level
##
## Fit: aov(formula = count ~ scientificName * season, data = frog_anova_data)
##
## $scientificName
## diff lwr
## Limnodynastes peronii-Crinia signifera -438.00000 -1102.6011
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis-Crinia signifera -1459.54545 -2124.1466
## Litoria fallax-Crinia signifera -1030.54545 -1695.1466
## Litoria peronii-Crinia signifera -1103.63636 -1768.2375
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis-Limnodynastes peronii -1021.54545 -1686.1466
## Litoria fallax-Limnodynastes peronii -592.54545 -1257.1466
## Litoria peronii-Limnodynastes peronii -665.63636 -1330.2375
## Litoria fallax-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis 429.00000 -235.6011
## Litoria peronii-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis 355.90909 -308.6920
## Litoria peronii-Litoria fallax -73.09091 -737.6920
## upr p adj
## Limnodynastes peronii-Crinia signifera 226.601123 0.3388820
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis-Crinia signifera -794.944331 0.0000029
## Litoria fallax-Crinia signifera -365.944331 0.0007336
## Litoria peronii-Crinia signifera -439.035241 0.0002904
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis-Limnodynastes peronii -356.944331 0.0008214
## Litoria fallax-Limnodynastes peronii 72.055669 0.0996946
## Litoria peronii-Limnodynastes peronii -1.035241 0.0494839
## Litoria fallax-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis 1093.601123 0.3593082
## Litoria peronii-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis 1020.510214 0.5446137
## Litoria peronii-Litoria fallax 591.510214 0.9977267
##
## $season
## diff lwr upr p adj
## Autumn-Summer -495.2333 -1092.1107 101.6440 0.1330043
## Winter-Summer -274.9667 -871.8440 321.9107 0.6047304
## Spring-Summer 700.4333 103.5560 1297.3107 0.0161606
## Winter-Autumn 220.2667 -313.5967 754.1300 0.6842311
## Spring-Autumn 1195.6667 661.8033 1729.5300 0.0000040
## Spring-Winter 975.4000 441.5366 1509.2634 0.0001135
##
## $`scientificName:season`
## diff
## Limnodynastes peronii:Summer-Crinia signifera:Summer 1673.000000
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Summer-Crinia signifera:Summer -254.500000
## Litoria fallax:Summer-Crinia signifera:Summer 369.000000
## Litoria peronii:Summer-Crinia signifera:Summer -72.500000
## Crinia signifera:Autumn-Crinia signifera:Summer 586.166667
## Limnodynastes peronii:Autumn-Crinia signifera:Summer 363.833333
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Autumn-Crinia signifera:Summer -494.166667
## Litoria fallax:Autumn-Crinia signifera:Summer -581.833333
## Litoria peronii:Autumn-Crinia signifera:Summer -635.166667
## Crinia signifera:Winter-Crinia signifera:Summer 2090.500000
## Limnodynastes peronii:Winter-Crinia signifera:Summer -219.500000
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Winter-Crinia signifera:Summer -460.833333
## Litoria fallax:Winter-Crinia signifera:Summer -475.833333
## Litoria peronii:Winter-Crinia signifera:Summer -594.166667
## Crinia signifera:Spring-Crinia signifera:Summer 1467.833333
## Limnodynastes peronii:Spring-Crinia signifera:Summer 1278.833333
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Spring-Crinia signifera:Summer -82.500000
## Litoria fallax:Spring-Crinia signifera:Summer 1177.500000
## Litoria peronii:Spring-Crinia signifera:Summer 1375.500000
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Summer-Limnodynastes peronii:Summer -1927.500000
## Litoria fallax:Summer-Limnodynastes peronii:Summer -1304.000000
## Litoria peronii:Summer-Limnodynastes peronii:Summer -1745.500000
## Crinia signifera:Autumn-Limnodynastes peronii:Summer -1086.833333
## Limnodynastes peronii:Autumn-Limnodynastes peronii:Summer -1309.166667
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Autumn-Limnodynastes peronii:Summer -2167.166667
## Litoria fallax:Autumn-Limnodynastes peronii:Summer -2254.833333
## Litoria peronii:Autumn-Limnodynastes peronii:Summer -2308.166667
## Crinia signifera:Winter-Limnodynastes peronii:Summer 417.500000
## Limnodynastes peronii:Winter-Limnodynastes peronii:Summer -1892.500000
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Winter-Limnodynastes peronii:Summer -2133.833333
## Litoria fallax:Winter-Limnodynastes peronii:Summer -2148.833333
## Litoria peronii:Winter-Limnodynastes peronii:Summer -2267.166667
## Crinia signifera:Spring-Limnodynastes peronii:Summer -205.166667
## Limnodynastes peronii:Spring-Limnodynastes peronii:Summer -394.166667
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Spring-Limnodynastes peronii:Summer -1755.500000
## Litoria fallax:Spring-Limnodynastes peronii:Summer -495.500000
## Litoria peronii:Spring-Limnodynastes peronii:Summer -297.500000
## Litoria fallax:Summer-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Summer 623.500000
## Litoria peronii:Summer-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Summer 182.000000
## Crinia signifera:Autumn-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Summer 840.666667
## Limnodynastes peronii:Autumn-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Summer 618.333333
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Autumn-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Summer -239.666667
## Litoria fallax:Autumn-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Summer -327.333333
## Litoria peronii:Autumn-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Summer -380.666667
## Crinia signifera:Winter-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Summer 2345.000000
## Limnodynastes peronii:Winter-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Summer 35.000000
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Winter-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Summer -206.333333
## Litoria fallax:Winter-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Summer -221.333333
## Litoria peronii:Winter-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Summer -339.666667
## Crinia signifera:Spring-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Summer 1722.333333
## Limnodynastes peronii:Spring-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Summer 1533.333333
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Spring-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Summer 172.000000
## Litoria fallax:Spring-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Summer 1432.000000
## Litoria peronii:Spring-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Summer 1630.000000
## Litoria peronii:Summer-Litoria fallax:Summer -441.500000
## Crinia signifera:Autumn-Litoria fallax:Summer 217.166667
## Limnodynastes peronii:Autumn-Litoria fallax:Summer -5.166667
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Autumn-Litoria fallax:Summer -863.166667
## Litoria fallax:Autumn-Litoria fallax:Summer -950.833333
## Litoria peronii:Autumn-Litoria fallax:Summer -1004.166667
## Crinia signifera:Winter-Litoria fallax:Summer 1721.500000
## Limnodynastes peronii:Winter-Litoria fallax:Summer -588.500000
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Winter-Litoria fallax:Summer -829.833333
## Litoria fallax:Winter-Litoria fallax:Summer -844.833333
## Litoria peronii:Winter-Litoria fallax:Summer -963.166667
## Crinia signifera:Spring-Litoria fallax:Summer 1098.833333
## Limnodynastes peronii:Spring-Litoria fallax:Summer 909.833333
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Spring-Litoria fallax:Summer -451.500000
## Litoria fallax:Spring-Litoria fallax:Summer 808.500000
## Litoria peronii:Spring-Litoria fallax:Summer 1006.500000
## Crinia signifera:Autumn-Litoria peronii:Summer 658.666667
## Limnodynastes peronii:Autumn-Litoria peronii:Summer 436.333333
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Autumn-Litoria peronii:Summer -421.666667
## Litoria fallax:Autumn-Litoria peronii:Summer -509.333333
## Litoria peronii:Autumn-Litoria peronii:Summer -562.666667
## Crinia signifera:Winter-Litoria peronii:Summer 2163.000000
## Limnodynastes peronii:Winter-Litoria peronii:Summer -147.000000
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Winter-Litoria peronii:Summer -388.333333
## Litoria fallax:Winter-Litoria peronii:Summer -403.333333
## Litoria peronii:Winter-Litoria peronii:Summer -521.666667
## Crinia signifera:Spring-Litoria peronii:Summer 1540.333333
## Limnodynastes peronii:Spring-Litoria peronii:Summer 1351.333333
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Spring-Litoria peronii:Summer -10.000000
## Litoria fallax:Spring-Litoria peronii:Summer 1250.000000
## Litoria peronii:Spring-Litoria peronii:Summer 1448.000000
## Limnodynastes peronii:Autumn-Crinia signifera:Autumn -222.333333
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Autumn-Crinia signifera:Autumn -1080.333333
## Litoria fallax:Autumn-Crinia signifera:Autumn -1168.000000
## Litoria peronii:Autumn-Crinia signifera:Autumn -1221.333333
## Crinia signifera:Winter-Crinia signifera:Autumn 1504.333333
## Limnodynastes peronii:Winter-Crinia signifera:Autumn -805.666667
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Winter-Crinia signifera:Autumn -1047.000000
## Litoria fallax:Winter-Crinia signifera:Autumn -1062.000000
## Litoria peronii:Winter-Crinia signifera:Autumn -1180.333333
## Crinia signifera:Spring-Crinia signifera:Autumn 881.666667
## Limnodynastes peronii:Spring-Crinia signifera:Autumn 692.666667
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Spring-Crinia signifera:Autumn -668.666667
## Litoria fallax:Spring-Crinia signifera:Autumn 591.333333
## Litoria peronii:Spring-Crinia signifera:Autumn 789.333333
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Autumn-Limnodynastes peronii:Autumn -858.000000
## Litoria fallax:Autumn-Limnodynastes peronii:Autumn -945.666667
## Litoria peronii:Autumn-Limnodynastes peronii:Autumn -999.000000
## Crinia signifera:Winter-Limnodynastes peronii:Autumn 1726.666667
## Limnodynastes peronii:Winter-Limnodynastes peronii:Autumn -583.333333
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Winter-Limnodynastes peronii:Autumn -824.666667
## Litoria fallax:Winter-Limnodynastes peronii:Autumn -839.666667
## Litoria peronii:Winter-Limnodynastes peronii:Autumn -958.000000
## Crinia signifera:Spring-Limnodynastes peronii:Autumn 1104.000000
## Limnodynastes peronii:Spring-Limnodynastes peronii:Autumn 915.000000
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Spring-Limnodynastes peronii:Autumn -446.333333
## Litoria fallax:Spring-Limnodynastes peronii:Autumn 813.666667
## Litoria peronii:Spring-Limnodynastes peronii:Autumn 1011.666667
## Litoria fallax:Autumn-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Autumn -87.666667
## Litoria peronii:Autumn-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Autumn -141.000000
## Crinia signifera:Winter-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Autumn 2584.666667
## Limnodynastes peronii:Winter-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Autumn 274.666667
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Winter-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Autumn 33.333333
## Litoria fallax:Winter-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Autumn 18.333333
## Litoria peronii:Winter-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Autumn -100.000000
## Crinia signifera:Spring-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Autumn 1962.000000
## Limnodynastes peronii:Spring-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Autumn 1773.000000
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Spring-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Autumn 411.666667
## Litoria fallax:Spring-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Autumn 1671.666667
## Litoria peronii:Spring-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Autumn 1869.666667
## Litoria peronii:Autumn-Litoria fallax:Autumn -53.333333
## Crinia signifera:Winter-Litoria fallax:Autumn 2672.333333
## Limnodynastes peronii:Winter-Litoria fallax:Autumn 362.333333
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Winter-Litoria fallax:Autumn 121.000000
## Litoria fallax:Winter-Litoria fallax:Autumn 106.000000
## Litoria peronii:Winter-Litoria fallax:Autumn -12.333333
## Crinia signifera:Spring-Litoria fallax:Autumn 2049.666667
## Limnodynastes peronii:Spring-Litoria fallax:Autumn 1860.666667
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Spring-Litoria fallax:Autumn 499.333333
## Litoria fallax:Spring-Litoria fallax:Autumn 1759.333333
## Litoria peronii:Spring-Litoria fallax:Autumn 1957.333333
## Crinia signifera:Winter-Litoria peronii:Autumn 2725.666667
## Limnodynastes peronii:Winter-Litoria peronii:Autumn 415.666667
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Winter-Litoria peronii:Autumn 174.333333
## Litoria fallax:Winter-Litoria peronii:Autumn 159.333333
## Litoria peronii:Winter-Litoria peronii:Autumn 41.000000
## Crinia signifera:Spring-Litoria peronii:Autumn 2103.000000
## Limnodynastes peronii:Spring-Litoria peronii:Autumn 1914.000000
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Spring-Litoria peronii:Autumn 552.666667
## Litoria fallax:Spring-Litoria peronii:Autumn 1812.666667
## Litoria peronii:Spring-Litoria peronii:Autumn 2010.666667
## Limnodynastes peronii:Winter-Crinia signifera:Winter -2310.000000
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Winter-Crinia signifera:Winter -2551.333333
## Litoria fallax:Winter-Crinia signifera:Winter -2566.333333
## Litoria peronii:Winter-Crinia signifera:Winter -2684.666667
## Crinia signifera:Spring-Crinia signifera:Winter -622.666667
## Limnodynastes peronii:Spring-Crinia signifera:Winter -811.666667
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Spring-Crinia signifera:Winter -2173.000000
## Litoria fallax:Spring-Crinia signifera:Winter -913.000000
## Litoria peronii:Spring-Crinia signifera:Winter -715.000000
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Winter-Limnodynastes peronii:Winter -241.333333
## Litoria fallax:Winter-Limnodynastes peronii:Winter -256.333333
## Litoria peronii:Winter-Limnodynastes peronii:Winter -374.666667
## Crinia signifera:Spring-Limnodynastes peronii:Winter 1687.333333
## Limnodynastes peronii:Spring-Limnodynastes peronii:Winter 1498.333333
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Spring-Limnodynastes peronii:Winter 137.000000
## Litoria fallax:Spring-Limnodynastes peronii:Winter 1397.000000
## Litoria peronii:Spring-Limnodynastes peronii:Winter 1595.000000
## Litoria fallax:Winter-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Winter -15.000000
## Litoria peronii:Winter-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Winter -133.333333
## Crinia signifera:Spring-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Winter 1928.666667
## Limnodynastes peronii:Spring-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Winter 1739.666667
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Spring-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Winter 378.333333
## Litoria fallax:Spring-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Winter 1638.333333
## Litoria peronii:Spring-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Winter 1836.333333
## Litoria peronii:Winter-Litoria fallax:Winter -118.333333
## Crinia signifera:Spring-Litoria fallax:Winter 1943.666667
## Limnodynastes peronii:Spring-Litoria fallax:Winter 1754.666667
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Spring-Litoria fallax:Winter 393.333333
## Litoria fallax:Spring-Litoria fallax:Winter 1653.333333
## Litoria peronii:Spring-Litoria fallax:Winter 1851.333333
## Crinia signifera:Spring-Litoria peronii:Winter 2062.000000
## Limnodynastes peronii:Spring-Litoria peronii:Winter 1873.000000
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Spring-Litoria peronii:Winter 511.666667
## Litoria fallax:Spring-Litoria peronii:Winter 1771.666667
## Litoria peronii:Spring-Litoria peronii:Winter 1969.666667
## Limnodynastes peronii:Spring-Crinia signifera:Spring -189.000000
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Spring-Crinia signifera:Spring -1550.333333
## Litoria fallax:Spring-Crinia signifera:Spring -290.333333
## Litoria peronii:Spring-Crinia signifera:Spring -92.333333
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Spring-Limnodynastes peronii:Spring -1361.333333
## Litoria fallax:Spring-Limnodynastes peronii:Spring -101.333333
## Litoria peronii:Spring-Limnodynastes peronii:Spring 96.666667
## Litoria fallax:Spring-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Spring 1260.000000
## Litoria peronii:Spring-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Spring 1458.000000
## Litoria peronii:Spring-Litoria fallax:Spring 198.000000
## lwr
## Limnodynastes peronii:Summer-Crinia signifera:Summer -399.970612
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Summer-Crinia signifera:Summer -2327.470612
## Litoria fallax:Summer-Crinia signifera:Summer -1703.970612
## Litoria peronii:Summer-Crinia signifera:Summer -2145.470612
## Crinia signifera:Autumn-Crinia signifera:Summer -1306.187942
## Limnodynastes peronii:Autumn-Crinia signifera:Summer -1528.521275
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Autumn-Crinia signifera:Summer -2386.521275
## Litoria fallax:Autumn-Crinia signifera:Summer -2474.187942
## Litoria peronii:Autumn-Crinia signifera:Summer -2527.521275
## Crinia signifera:Winter-Crinia signifera:Summer 198.145391
## Limnodynastes peronii:Winter-Crinia signifera:Summer -2111.854609
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Winter-Crinia signifera:Summer -2353.187942
## Litoria fallax:Winter-Crinia signifera:Summer -2368.187942
## Litoria peronii:Winter-Crinia signifera:Summer -2486.521275
## Crinia signifera:Spring-Crinia signifera:Summer -424.521275
## Limnodynastes peronii:Spring-Crinia signifera:Summer -613.521275
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Spring-Crinia signifera:Summer -1974.854609
## Litoria fallax:Spring-Crinia signifera:Summer -714.854609
## Litoria peronii:Spring-Crinia signifera:Summer -516.854609
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Summer-Limnodynastes peronii:Summer -4000.470612
## Litoria fallax:Summer-Limnodynastes peronii:Summer -3376.970612
## Litoria peronii:Summer-Limnodynastes peronii:Summer -3818.470612
## Crinia signifera:Autumn-Limnodynastes peronii:Summer -2979.187942
## Limnodynastes peronii:Autumn-Limnodynastes peronii:Summer -3201.521275
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Autumn-Limnodynastes peronii:Summer -4059.521275
## Litoria fallax:Autumn-Limnodynastes peronii:Summer -4147.187942
## Litoria peronii:Autumn-Limnodynastes peronii:Summer -4200.521275
## Crinia signifera:Winter-Limnodynastes peronii:Summer -1474.854609
## Limnodynastes peronii:Winter-Limnodynastes peronii:Summer -3784.854609
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Winter-Limnodynastes peronii:Summer -4026.187942
## Litoria fallax:Winter-Limnodynastes peronii:Summer -4041.187942
## Litoria peronii:Winter-Limnodynastes peronii:Summer -4159.521275
## Crinia signifera:Spring-Limnodynastes peronii:Summer -2097.521275
## Limnodynastes peronii:Spring-Limnodynastes peronii:Summer -2286.521275
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Spring-Limnodynastes peronii:Summer -3647.854609
## Litoria fallax:Spring-Limnodynastes peronii:Summer -2387.854609
## Litoria peronii:Spring-Limnodynastes peronii:Summer -2189.854609
## Litoria fallax:Summer-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Summer -1449.470612
## Litoria peronii:Summer-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Summer -1890.970612
## Crinia signifera:Autumn-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Summer -1051.687942
## Limnodynastes peronii:Autumn-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Summer -1274.021275
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Autumn-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Summer -2132.021275
## Litoria fallax:Autumn-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Summer -2219.687942
## Litoria peronii:Autumn-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Summer -2273.021275
## Crinia signifera:Winter-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Summer 452.645391
## Limnodynastes peronii:Winter-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Summer -1857.354609
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Winter-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Summer -2098.687942
## Litoria fallax:Winter-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Summer -2113.687942
## Litoria peronii:Winter-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Summer -2232.021275
## Crinia signifera:Spring-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Summer -170.021275
## Limnodynastes peronii:Spring-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Summer -359.021275
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Spring-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Summer -1720.354609
## Litoria fallax:Spring-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Summer -460.354609
## Litoria peronii:Spring-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Summer -262.354609
## Litoria peronii:Summer-Litoria fallax:Summer -2514.470612
## Crinia signifera:Autumn-Litoria fallax:Summer -1675.187942
## Limnodynastes peronii:Autumn-Litoria fallax:Summer -1897.521275
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Autumn-Litoria fallax:Summer -2755.521275
## Litoria fallax:Autumn-Litoria fallax:Summer -2843.187942
## Litoria peronii:Autumn-Litoria fallax:Summer -2896.521275
## Crinia signifera:Winter-Litoria fallax:Summer -170.854609
## Limnodynastes peronii:Winter-Litoria fallax:Summer -2480.854609
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Winter-Litoria fallax:Summer -2722.187942
## Litoria fallax:Winter-Litoria fallax:Summer -2737.187942
## Litoria peronii:Winter-Litoria fallax:Summer -2855.521275
## Crinia signifera:Spring-Litoria fallax:Summer -793.521275
## Limnodynastes peronii:Spring-Litoria fallax:Summer -982.521275
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Spring-Litoria fallax:Summer -2343.854609
## Litoria fallax:Spring-Litoria fallax:Summer -1083.854609
## Litoria peronii:Spring-Litoria fallax:Summer -885.854609
## Crinia signifera:Autumn-Litoria peronii:Summer -1233.687942
## Limnodynastes peronii:Autumn-Litoria peronii:Summer -1456.021275
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Autumn-Litoria peronii:Summer -2314.021275
## Litoria fallax:Autumn-Litoria peronii:Summer -2401.687942
## Litoria peronii:Autumn-Litoria peronii:Summer -2455.021275
## Crinia signifera:Winter-Litoria peronii:Summer 270.645391
## Limnodynastes peronii:Winter-Litoria peronii:Summer -2039.354609
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Winter-Litoria peronii:Summer -2280.687942
## Litoria fallax:Winter-Litoria peronii:Summer -2295.687942
## Litoria peronii:Winter-Litoria peronii:Summer -2414.021275
## Crinia signifera:Spring-Litoria peronii:Summer -352.021275
## Limnodynastes peronii:Spring-Litoria peronii:Summer -541.021275
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Spring-Litoria peronii:Summer -1902.354609
## Litoria fallax:Spring-Litoria peronii:Summer -642.354609
## Litoria peronii:Spring-Litoria peronii:Summer -444.354609
## Limnodynastes peronii:Autumn-Crinia signifera:Autumn -1914.906750
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Autumn-Crinia signifera:Autumn -2772.906750
## Litoria fallax:Autumn-Crinia signifera:Autumn -2860.573417
## Litoria peronii:Autumn-Crinia signifera:Autumn -2913.906750
## Crinia signifera:Winter-Crinia signifera:Autumn -188.240084
## Limnodynastes peronii:Winter-Crinia signifera:Autumn -2498.240084
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Winter-Crinia signifera:Autumn -2739.573417
## Litoria fallax:Winter-Crinia signifera:Autumn -2754.573417
## Litoria peronii:Winter-Crinia signifera:Autumn -2872.906750
## Crinia signifera:Spring-Crinia signifera:Autumn -810.906750
## Limnodynastes peronii:Spring-Crinia signifera:Autumn -999.906750
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Spring-Crinia signifera:Autumn -2361.240084
## Litoria fallax:Spring-Crinia signifera:Autumn -1101.240084
## Litoria peronii:Spring-Crinia signifera:Autumn -903.240084
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Autumn-Limnodynastes peronii:Autumn -2550.573417
## Litoria fallax:Autumn-Limnodynastes peronii:Autumn -2638.240084
## Litoria peronii:Autumn-Limnodynastes peronii:Autumn -2691.573417
## Crinia signifera:Winter-Limnodynastes peronii:Autumn 34.093250
## Limnodynastes peronii:Winter-Limnodynastes peronii:Autumn -2275.906750
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Winter-Limnodynastes peronii:Autumn -2517.240084
## Litoria fallax:Winter-Limnodynastes peronii:Autumn -2532.240084
## Litoria peronii:Winter-Limnodynastes peronii:Autumn -2650.573417
## Crinia signifera:Spring-Limnodynastes peronii:Autumn -588.573417
## Limnodynastes peronii:Spring-Limnodynastes peronii:Autumn -777.573417
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Spring-Limnodynastes peronii:Autumn -2138.906750
## Litoria fallax:Spring-Limnodynastes peronii:Autumn -878.906750
## Litoria peronii:Spring-Limnodynastes peronii:Autumn -680.906750
## Litoria fallax:Autumn-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Autumn -1780.240084
## Litoria peronii:Autumn-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Autumn -1833.573417
## Crinia signifera:Winter-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Autumn 892.093250
## Limnodynastes peronii:Winter-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Autumn -1417.906750
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Winter-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Autumn -1659.240084
## Litoria fallax:Winter-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Autumn -1674.240084
## Litoria peronii:Winter-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Autumn -1792.573417
## Crinia signifera:Spring-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Autumn 269.426583
## Limnodynastes peronii:Spring-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Autumn 80.426583
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Spring-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Autumn -1280.906750
## Litoria fallax:Spring-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Autumn -20.906750
## Litoria peronii:Spring-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Autumn 177.093250
## Litoria peronii:Autumn-Litoria fallax:Autumn -1745.906750
## Crinia signifera:Winter-Litoria fallax:Autumn 979.759916
## Limnodynastes peronii:Winter-Litoria fallax:Autumn -1330.240084
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Winter-Litoria fallax:Autumn -1571.573417
## Litoria fallax:Winter-Litoria fallax:Autumn -1586.573417
## Litoria peronii:Winter-Litoria fallax:Autumn -1704.906750
## Crinia signifera:Spring-Litoria fallax:Autumn 357.093250
## Limnodynastes peronii:Spring-Litoria fallax:Autumn 168.093250
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Spring-Litoria fallax:Autumn -1193.240084
## Litoria fallax:Spring-Litoria fallax:Autumn 66.759916
## Litoria peronii:Spring-Litoria fallax:Autumn 264.759916
## Crinia signifera:Winter-Litoria peronii:Autumn 1033.093250
## Limnodynastes peronii:Winter-Litoria peronii:Autumn -1276.906750
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Winter-Litoria peronii:Autumn -1518.240084
## Litoria fallax:Winter-Litoria peronii:Autumn -1533.240084
## Litoria peronii:Winter-Litoria peronii:Autumn -1651.573417
## Crinia signifera:Spring-Litoria peronii:Autumn 410.426583
## Limnodynastes peronii:Spring-Litoria peronii:Autumn 221.426583
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Spring-Litoria peronii:Autumn -1139.906750
## Litoria fallax:Spring-Litoria peronii:Autumn 120.093250
## Litoria peronii:Spring-Litoria peronii:Autumn 318.093250
## Limnodynastes peronii:Winter-Crinia signifera:Winter -4002.573417
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Winter-Crinia signifera:Winter -4243.906750
## Litoria fallax:Winter-Crinia signifera:Winter -4258.906750
## Litoria peronii:Winter-Crinia signifera:Winter -4377.240084
## Crinia signifera:Spring-Crinia signifera:Winter -2315.240084
## Limnodynastes peronii:Spring-Crinia signifera:Winter -2504.240084
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Spring-Crinia signifera:Winter -3865.573417
## Litoria fallax:Spring-Crinia signifera:Winter -2605.573417
## Litoria peronii:Spring-Crinia signifera:Winter -2407.573417
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Winter-Limnodynastes peronii:Winter -1933.906750
## Litoria fallax:Winter-Limnodynastes peronii:Winter -1948.906750
## Litoria peronii:Winter-Limnodynastes peronii:Winter -2067.240084
## Crinia signifera:Spring-Limnodynastes peronii:Winter -5.240084
## Limnodynastes peronii:Spring-Limnodynastes peronii:Winter -194.240084
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Spring-Limnodynastes peronii:Winter -1555.573417
## Litoria fallax:Spring-Limnodynastes peronii:Winter -295.573417
## Litoria peronii:Spring-Limnodynastes peronii:Winter -97.573417
## Litoria fallax:Winter-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Winter -1707.573417
## Litoria peronii:Winter-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Winter -1825.906750
## Crinia signifera:Spring-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Winter 236.093250
## Limnodynastes peronii:Spring-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Winter 47.093250
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Spring-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Winter -1314.240084
## Litoria fallax:Spring-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Winter -54.240084
## Litoria peronii:Spring-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Winter 143.759916
## Litoria peronii:Winter-Litoria fallax:Winter -1810.906750
## Crinia signifera:Spring-Litoria fallax:Winter 251.093250
## Limnodynastes peronii:Spring-Litoria fallax:Winter 62.093250
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Spring-Litoria fallax:Winter -1299.240084
## Litoria fallax:Spring-Litoria fallax:Winter -39.240084
## Litoria peronii:Spring-Litoria fallax:Winter 158.759916
## Crinia signifera:Spring-Litoria peronii:Winter 369.426583
## Limnodynastes peronii:Spring-Litoria peronii:Winter 180.426583
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Spring-Litoria peronii:Winter -1180.906750
## Litoria fallax:Spring-Litoria peronii:Winter 79.093250
## Litoria peronii:Spring-Litoria peronii:Winter 277.093250
## Limnodynastes peronii:Spring-Crinia signifera:Spring -1881.573417
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Spring-Crinia signifera:Spring -3242.906750
## Litoria fallax:Spring-Crinia signifera:Spring -1982.906750
## Litoria peronii:Spring-Crinia signifera:Spring -1784.906750
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Spring-Limnodynastes peronii:Spring -3053.906750
## Litoria fallax:Spring-Limnodynastes peronii:Spring -1793.906750
## Litoria peronii:Spring-Limnodynastes peronii:Spring -1595.906750
## Litoria fallax:Spring-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Spring -432.573417
## Litoria peronii:Spring-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Spring -234.573417
## Litoria peronii:Spring-Litoria fallax:Spring -1494.573417
## upr
## Limnodynastes peronii:Summer-Crinia signifera:Summer 3745.9706120
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Summer-Crinia signifera:Summer 1818.4706120
## Litoria fallax:Summer-Crinia signifera:Summer 2441.9706120
## Litoria peronii:Summer-Crinia signifera:Summer 2000.4706120
## Crinia signifera:Autumn-Crinia signifera:Summer 2478.5212754
## Limnodynastes peronii:Autumn-Crinia signifera:Summer 2256.1879421
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Autumn-Crinia signifera:Summer 1398.1879421
## Litoria fallax:Autumn-Crinia signifera:Summer 1310.5212754
## Litoria peronii:Autumn-Crinia signifera:Summer 1257.1879421
## Crinia signifera:Winter-Crinia signifera:Summer 3982.8546088
## Limnodynastes peronii:Winter-Crinia signifera:Summer 1672.8546088
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Winter-Crinia signifera:Summer 1431.5212754
## Litoria fallax:Winter-Crinia signifera:Summer 1416.5212754
## Litoria peronii:Winter-Crinia signifera:Summer 1298.1879421
## Crinia signifera:Spring-Crinia signifera:Summer 3360.1879421
## Limnodynastes peronii:Spring-Crinia signifera:Summer 3171.1879421
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Spring-Crinia signifera:Summer 1809.8546088
## Litoria fallax:Spring-Crinia signifera:Summer 3069.8546088
## Litoria peronii:Spring-Crinia signifera:Summer 3267.8546088
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Summer-Limnodynastes peronii:Summer 145.4706120
## Litoria fallax:Summer-Limnodynastes peronii:Summer 768.9706120
## Litoria peronii:Summer-Limnodynastes peronii:Summer 327.4706120
## Crinia signifera:Autumn-Limnodynastes peronii:Summer 805.5212754
## Limnodynastes peronii:Autumn-Limnodynastes peronii:Summer 583.1879421
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Autumn-Limnodynastes peronii:Summer -274.8120579
## Litoria fallax:Autumn-Limnodynastes peronii:Summer -362.4787246
## Litoria peronii:Autumn-Limnodynastes peronii:Summer -415.8120579
## Crinia signifera:Winter-Limnodynastes peronii:Summer 2309.8546088
## Limnodynastes peronii:Winter-Limnodynastes peronii:Summer -0.1453912
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Winter-Limnodynastes peronii:Summer -241.4787246
## Litoria fallax:Winter-Limnodynastes peronii:Summer -256.4787246
## Litoria peronii:Winter-Limnodynastes peronii:Summer -374.8120579
## Crinia signifera:Spring-Limnodynastes peronii:Summer 1687.1879421
## Limnodynastes peronii:Spring-Limnodynastes peronii:Summer 1498.1879421
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Spring-Limnodynastes peronii:Summer 136.8546088
## Litoria fallax:Spring-Limnodynastes peronii:Summer 1396.8546088
## Litoria peronii:Spring-Limnodynastes peronii:Summer 1594.8546088
## Litoria fallax:Summer-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Summer 2696.4706120
## Litoria peronii:Summer-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Summer 2254.9706120
## Crinia signifera:Autumn-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Summer 2733.0212754
## Limnodynastes peronii:Autumn-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Summer 2510.6879421
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Autumn-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Summer 1652.6879421
## Litoria fallax:Autumn-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Summer 1565.0212754
## Litoria peronii:Autumn-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Summer 1511.6879421
## Crinia signifera:Winter-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Summer 4237.3546088
## Limnodynastes peronii:Winter-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Summer 1927.3546088
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Winter-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Summer 1686.0212754
## Litoria fallax:Winter-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Summer 1671.0212754
## Litoria peronii:Winter-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Summer 1552.6879421
## Crinia signifera:Spring-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Summer 3614.6879421
## Limnodynastes peronii:Spring-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Summer 3425.6879421
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Spring-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Summer 2064.3546088
## Litoria fallax:Spring-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Summer 3324.3546088
## Litoria peronii:Spring-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Summer 3522.3546088
## Litoria peronii:Summer-Litoria fallax:Summer 1631.4706120
## Crinia signifera:Autumn-Litoria fallax:Summer 2109.5212754
## Limnodynastes peronii:Autumn-Litoria fallax:Summer 1887.1879421
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Autumn-Litoria fallax:Summer 1029.1879421
## Litoria fallax:Autumn-Litoria fallax:Summer 941.5212754
## Litoria peronii:Autumn-Litoria fallax:Summer 888.1879421
## Crinia signifera:Winter-Litoria fallax:Summer 3613.8546088
## Limnodynastes peronii:Winter-Litoria fallax:Summer 1303.8546088
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Winter-Litoria fallax:Summer 1062.5212754
## Litoria fallax:Winter-Litoria fallax:Summer 1047.5212754
## Litoria peronii:Winter-Litoria fallax:Summer 929.1879421
## Crinia signifera:Spring-Litoria fallax:Summer 2991.1879421
## Limnodynastes peronii:Spring-Litoria fallax:Summer 2802.1879421
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Spring-Litoria fallax:Summer 1440.8546088
## Litoria fallax:Spring-Litoria fallax:Summer 2700.8546088
## Litoria peronii:Spring-Litoria fallax:Summer 2898.8546088
## Crinia signifera:Autumn-Litoria peronii:Summer 2551.0212754
## Limnodynastes peronii:Autumn-Litoria peronii:Summer 2328.6879421
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Autumn-Litoria peronii:Summer 1470.6879421
## Litoria fallax:Autumn-Litoria peronii:Summer 1383.0212754
## Litoria peronii:Autumn-Litoria peronii:Summer 1329.6879421
## Crinia signifera:Winter-Litoria peronii:Summer 4055.3546088
## Limnodynastes peronii:Winter-Litoria peronii:Summer 1745.3546088
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Winter-Litoria peronii:Summer 1504.0212754
## Litoria fallax:Winter-Litoria peronii:Summer 1489.0212754
## Litoria peronii:Winter-Litoria peronii:Summer 1370.6879421
## Crinia signifera:Spring-Litoria peronii:Summer 3432.6879421
## Limnodynastes peronii:Spring-Litoria peronii:Summer 3243.6879421
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Spring-Litoria peronii:Summer 1882.3546088
## Litoria fallax:Spring-Litoria peronii:Summer 3142.3546088
## Litoria peronii:Spring-Litoria peronii:Summer 3340.3546088
## Limnodynastes peronii:Autumn-Crinia signifera:Autumn 1470.2400838
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Autumn-Crinia signifera:Autumn 612.2400838
## Litoria fallax:Autumn-Crinia signifera:Autumn 524.5734171
## Litoria peronii:Autumn-Crinia signifera:Autumn 471.2400838
## Crinia signifera:Winter-Crinia signifera:Autumn 3196.9067504
## Limnodynastes peronii:Winter-Crinia signifera:Autumn 886.9067504
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Winter-Crinia signifera:Autumn 645.5734171
## Litoria fallax:Winter-Crinia signifera:Autumn 630.5734171
## Litoria peronii:Winter-Crinia signifera:Autumn 512.2400838
## Crinia signifera:Spring-Crinia signifera:Autumn 2574.2400838
## Limnodynastes peronii:Spring-Crinia signifera:Autumn 2385.2400838
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Spring-Crinia signifera:Autumn 1023.9067504
## Litoria fallax:Spring-Crinia signifera:Autumn 2283.9067504
## Litoria peronii:Spring-Crinia signifera:Autumn 2481.9067504
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Autumn-Limnodynastes peronii:Autumn 834.5734171
## Litoria fallax:Autumn-Limnodynastes peronii:Autumn 746.9067504
## Litoria peronii:Autumn-Limnodynastes peronii:Autumn 693.5734171
## Crinia signifera:Winter-Limnodynastes peronii:Autumn 3419.2400838
## Limnodynastes peronii:Winter-Limnodynastes peronii:Autumn 1109.2400838
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Winter-Limnodynastes peronii:Autumn 867.9067504
## Litoria fallax:Winter-Limnodynastes peronii:Autumn 852.9067504
## Litoria peronii:Winter-Limnodynastes peronii:Autumn 734.5734171
## Crinia signifera:Spring-Limnodynastes peronii:Autumn 2796.5734171
## Limnodynastes peronii:Spring-Limnodynastes peronii:Autumn 2607.5734171
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Spring-Limnodynastes peronii:Autumn 1246.2400838
## Litoria fallax:Spring-Limnodynastes peronii:Autumn 2506.2400838
## Litoria peronii:Spring-Limnodynastes peronii:Autumn 2704.2400838
## Litoria fallax:Autumn-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Autumn 1604.9067504
## Litoria peronii:Autumn-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Autumn 1551.5734171
## Crinia signifera:Winter-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Autumn 4277.2400838
## Limnodynastes peronii:Winter-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Autumn 1967.2400838
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Winter-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Autumn 1725.9067504
## Litoria fallax:Winter-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Autumn 1710.9067504
## Litoria peronii:Winter-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Autumn 1592.5734171
## Crinia signifera:Spring-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Autumn 3654.5734171
## Limnodynastes peronii:Spring-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Autumn 3465.5734171
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Spring-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Autumn 2104.2400838
## Litoria fallax:Spring-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Autumn 3364.2400838
## Litoria peronii:Spring-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Autumn 3562.2400838
## Litoria peronii:Autumn-Litoria fallax:Autumn 1639.2400838
## Crinia signifera:Winter-Litoria fallax:Autumn 4364.9067504
## Limnodynastes peronii:Winter-Litoria fallax:Autumn 2054.9067504
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Winter-Litoria fallax:Autumn 1813.5734171
## Litoria fallax:Winter-Litoria fallax:Autumn 1798.5734171
## Litoria peronii:Winter-Litoria fallax:Autumn 1680.2400838
## Crinia signifera:Spring-Litoria fallax:Autumn 3742.2400838
## Limnodynastes peronii:Spring-Litoria fallax:Autumn 3553.2400838
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Spring-Litoria fallax:Autumn 2191.9067504
## Litoria fallax:Spring-Litoria fallax:Autumn 3451.9067504
## Litoria peronii:Spring-Litoria fallax:Autumn 3649.9067504
## Crinia signifera:Winter-Litoria peronii:Autumn 4418.2400838
## Limnodynastes peronii:Winter-Litoria peronii:Autumn 2108.2400838
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Winter-Litoria peronii:Autumn 1866.9067504
## Litoria fallax:Winter-Litoria peronii:Autumn 1851.9067504
## Litoria peronii:Winter-Litoria peronii:Autumn 1733.5734171
## Crinia signifera:Spring-Litoria peronii:Autumn 3795.5734171
## Limnodynastes peronii:Spring-Litoria peronii:Autumn 3606.5734171
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Spring-Litoria peronii:Autumn 2245.2400838
## Litoria fallax:Spring-Litoria peronii:Autumn 3505.2400838
## Litoria peronii:Spring-Litoria peronii:Autumn 3703.2400838
## Limnodynastes peronii:Winter-Crinia signifera:Winter -617.4265829
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Winter-Crinia signifera:Winter -858.7599162
## Litoria fallax:Winter-Crinia signifera:Winter -873.7599162
## Litoria peronii:Winter-Crinia signifera:Winter -992.0932496
## Crinia signifera:Spring-Crinia signifera:Winter 1069.9067504
## Limnodynastes peronii:Spring-Crinia signifera:Winter 880.9067504
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Spring-Crinia signifera:Winter -480.4265829
## Litoria fallax:Spring-Crinia signifera:Winter 779.5734171
## Litoria peronii:Spring-Crinia signifera:Winter 977.5734171
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Winter-Limnodynastes peronii:Winter 1451.2400838
## Litoria fallax:Winter-Limnodynastes peronii:Winter 1436.2400838
## Litoria peronii:Winter-Limnodynastes peronii:Winter 1317.9067504
## Crinia signifera:Spring-Limnodynastes peronii:Winter 3379.9067504
## Limnodynastes peronii:Spring-Limnodynastes peronii:Winter 3190.9067504
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Spring-Limnodynastes peronii:Winter 1829.5734171
## Litoria fallax:Spring-Limnodynastes peronii:Winter 3089.5734171
## Litoria peronii:Spring-Limnodynastes peronii:Winter 3287.5734171
## Litoria fallax:Winter-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Winter 1677.5734171
## Litoria peronii:Winter-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Winter 1559.2400838
## Crinia signifera:Spring-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Winter 3621.2400838
## Limnodynastes peronii:Spring-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Winter 3432.2400838
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Spring-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Winter 2070.9067504
## Litoria fallax:Spring-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Winter 3330.9067504
## Litoria peronii:Spring-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Winter 3528.9067504
## Litoria peronii:Winter-Litoria fallax:Winter 1574.2400838
## Crinia signifera:Spring-Litoria fallax:Winter 3636.2400838
## Limnodynastes peronii:Spring-Litoria fallax:Winter 3447.2400838
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Spring-Litoria fallax:Winter 2085.9067504
## Litoria fallax:Spring-Litoria fallax:Winter 3345.9067504
## Litoria peronii:Spring-Litoria fallax:Winter 3543.9067504
## Crinia signifera:Spring-Litoria peronii:Winter 3754.5734171
## Limnodynastes peronii:Spring-Litoria peronii:Winter 3565.5734171
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Spring-Litoria peronii:Winter 2204.2400838
## Litoria fallax:Spring-Litoria peronii:Winter 3464.2400838
## Litoria peronii:Spring-Litoria peronii:Winter 3662.2400838
## Limnodynastes peronii:Spring-Crinia signifera:Spring 1503.5734171
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Spring-Crinia signifera:Spring 142.2400838
## Litoria fallax:Spring-Crinia signifera:Spring 1402.2400838
## Litoria peronii:Spring-Crinia signifera:Spring 1600.2400838
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Spring-Limnodynastes peronii:Spring 331.2400838
## Litoria fallax:Spring-Limnodynastes peronii:Spring 1591.2400838
## Litoria peronii:Spring-Limnodynastes peronii:Spring 1789.2400838
## Litoria fallax:Spring-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Spring 2952.5734171
## Litoria peronii:Spring-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Spring 3150.5734171
## Litoria peronii:Spring-Litoria fallax:Spring 1890.5734171
## p adj
## Limnodynastes peronii:Summer-Crinia signifera:Summer 0.2448979
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Summer-Crinia signifera:Summer 1.0000000
## Litoria fallax:Summer-Crinia signifera:Summer 0.9999999
## Litoria peronii:Summer-Crinia signifera:Summer 1.0000000
## Crinia signifera:Autumn-Crinia signifera:Summer 0.9994441
## Limnodynastes peronii:Autumn-Crinia signifera:Summer 0.9999995
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Autumn-Crinia signifera:Summer 0.9999477
## Litoria fallax:Autumn-Crinia signifera:Summer 0.9994957
## Litoria peronii:Autumn-Crinia signifera:Summer 0.9984564
## Crinia signifera:Winter-Crinia signifera:Summer 0.0182166
## Limnodynastes peronii:Winter-Crinia signifera:Summer 1.0000000
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Winter-Crinia signifera:Summer 0.9999814
## Litoria fallax:Winter-Crinia signifera:Summer 0.9999700
## Litoria peronii:Winter-Crinia signifera:Summer 0.9993366
## Crinia signifera:Spring-Crinia signifera:Summer 0.3030405
## Limnodynastes peronii:Spring-Crinia signifera:Summer 0.5347588
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Spring-Crinia signifera:Summer 1.0000000
## Litoria fallax:Spring-Crinia signifera:Summer 0.6714905
## Litoria peronii:Spring-Crinia signifera:Summer 0.4088640
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Summer-Limnodynastes peronii:Summer 0.0935011
## Litoria fallax:Summer-Limnodynastes peronii:Summer 0.6543926
## Litoria peronii:Summer-Limnodynastes peronii:Summer 0.1898753
## Crinia signifera:Autumn-Limnodynastes peronii:Summer 0.7842762
## Limnodynastes peronii:Autumn-Limnodynastes peronii:Summer 0.4941345
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Autumn-Limnodynastes peronii:Summer 0.0120905
## Litoria fallax:Autumn-Limnodynastes peronii:Summer 0.0074869
## Litoria peronii:Autumn-Limnodynastes peronii:Summer 0.0055667
## Crinia signifera:Winter-Limnodynastes peronii:Summer 0.9999959
## Limnodynastes peronii:Winter-Limnodynastes peronii:Summer 0.0499645
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Winter-Limnodynastes peronii:Summer 0.0144657
## Litoria fallax:Winter-Limnodynastes peronii:Summer 0.0133468
## Litoria peronii:Winter-Limnodynastes peronii:Summer 0.0069931
## Crinia signifera:Spring-Limnodynastes peronii:Summer 1.0000000
## Limnodynastes peronii:Spring-Limnodynastes peronii:Summer 0.9999984
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Spring-Limnodynastes peronii:Summer 0.0952341
## Litoria fallax:Spring-Limnodynastes peronii:Summer 0.9999456
## Litoria peronii:Spring-Limnodynastes peronii:Summer 1.0000000
## Litoria fallax:Summer-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Summer 0.9996234
## Litoria peronii:Summer-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Summer 1.0000000
## Crinia signifera:Autumn-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Summer 0.9682628
## Limnodynastes peronii:Autumn-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Summer 0.9988955
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Autumn-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Summer 1.0000000
## Litoria fallax:Autumn-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Summer 0.9999999
## Litoria peronii:Autumn-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Summer 0.9999991
## Crinia signifera:Winter-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Summer 0.0045279
## Limnodynastes peronii:Winter-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Summer 1.0000000
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Winter-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Summer 1.0000000
## Litoria fallax:Winter-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Summer 1.0000000
## Litoria peronii:Winter-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Summer 0.9999999
## Crinia signifera:Spring-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Summer 0.1104487
## Limnodynastes peronii:Spring-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Summer 0.2393960
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Spring-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Summer 1.0000000
## Litoria fallax:Spring-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Summer 0.3420123
## Litoria peronii:Spring-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Summer 0.1637771
## Litoria peronii:Summer-Litoria fallax:Summer 0.9999977
## Crinia signifera:Autumn-Litoria fallax:Summer 1.0000000
## Limnodynastes peronii:Autumn-Litoria fallax:Summer 1.0000000
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Autumn-Litoria fallax:Summer 0.9597887
## Litoria fallax:Autumn-Litoria fallax:Summer 0.9113823
## Litoria peronii:Autumn-Litoria fallax:Summer 0.8688835
## Crinia signifera:Winter-Litoria fallax:Summer 0.1108559
## Limnodynastes peronii:Winter-Litoria fallax:Summer 0.9994145
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Winter-Litoria fallax:Summer 0.9718357
## Litoria fallax:Winter-Litoria fallax:Summer 0.9668030
## Litoria peronii:Winter-Litoria fallax:Summer 0.9024475
## Crinia signifera:Spring-Litoria fallax:Summer 0.7703441
## Limnodynastes peronii:Spring-Litoria fallax:Summer 0.9372391
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Spring-Litoria fallax:Summer 0.9999863
## Litoria fallax:Spring-Litoria fallax:Summer 0.9779810
## Litoria peronii:Spring-Litoria fallax:Summer 0.8667971
## Crinia signifera:Autumn-Litoria peronii:Summer 0.9976006
## Limnodynastes peronii:Autumn-Litoria peronii:Summer 0.9999919
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Autumn-Litoria peronii:Summer 0.9999952
## Litoria fallax:Autumn-Litoria peronii:Summer 0.9999191
## Litoria peronii:Autumn-Litoria peronii:Summer 0.9996773
## Crinia signifera:Winter-Litoria peronii:Summer 0.0123657
## Limnodynastes peronii:Winter-Litoria peronii:Summer 1.0000000
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Winter-Litoria peronii:Summer 0.9999987
## Litoria fallax:Winter-Litoria peronii:Summer 0.9999976
## Litoria peronii:Winter-Litoria peronii:Summer 0.9998864
## Crinia signifera:Spring-Litoria peronii:Summer 0.2331910
## Limnodynastes peronii:Spring-Litoria peronii:Summer 0.4392134
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Spring-Litoria peronii:Summer 1.0000000
## Litoria fallax:Spring-Litoria peronii:Summer 0.5738359
## Litoria peronii:Spring-Litoria peronii:Summer 0.3242615
## Limnodynastes peronii:Autumn-Crinia signifera:Autumn 1.0000000
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Autumn-Crinia signifera:Autumn 0.6309724
## Litoria fallax:Autumn-Crinia signifera:Autumn 0.4985217
## Litoria peronii:Autumn-Crinia signifera:Autumn 0.4213183
## Crinia signifera:Winter-Crinia signifera:Autumn 0.1317082
## Limnodynastes peronii:Winter-Crinia signifera:Autumn 0.9421778
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Winter-Crinia signifera:Autumn 0.6805946
## Litoria fallax:Winter-Crinia signifera:Autumn 0.6584312
## Litoria peronii:Winter-Crinia signifera:Autumn 0.4802785
## Crinia signifera:Spring-Crinia signifera:Autumn 0.8847040
## Limnodynastes peronii:Spring-Crinia signifera:Autumn 0.9856076
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Spring-Crinia signifera:Autumn 0.9900065
## Litoria fallax:Spring-Crinia signifera:Autumn 0.9974912
## Litoria peronii:Spring-Crinia signifera:Autumn 0.9512943
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Autumn-Limnodynastes peronii:Autumn 0.9053264
## Litoria fallax:Autumn-Limnodynastes peronii:Autumn 0.8169202
## Litoria peronii:Autumn-Limnodynastes peronii:Autumn 0.7486901
## Crinia signifera:Winter-Limnodynastes peronii:Autumn 0.0414367
## Limnodynastes peronii:Winter-Limnodynastes peronii:Autumn 0.9978691
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Winter-Limnodynastes peronii:Autumn 0.9301727
## Litoria fallax:Winter-Limnodynastes peronii:Autumn 0.9195965
## Litoria peronii:Winter-Limnodynastes peronii:Autumn 0.8019919
## Crinia signifera:Spring-Limnodynastes peronii:Autumn 0.5951544
## Limnodynastes peronii:Spring-Limnodynastes peronii:Autumn 0.8515147
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Spring-Limnodynastes peronii:Autumn 0.9999397
## Litoria fallax:Spring-Limnodynastes peronii:Autumn 0.9373098
## Litoria peronii:Spring-Limnodynastes peronii:Autumn 0.7312282
## Litoria fallax:Autumn-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Autumn 1.0000000
## Litoria peronii:Autumn-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Autumn 1.0000000
## Crinia signifera:Winter-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Autumn 0.0001903
## Limnodynastes peronii:Winter-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Autumn 1.0000000
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Winter-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Autumn 1.0000000
## Litoria fallax:Winter-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Autumn 1.0000000
## Litoria peronii:Winter-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Autumn 1.0000000
## Crinia signifera:Spring-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Autumn 0.0104763
## Limnodynastes peronii:Spring-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Autumn 0.0319348
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Spring-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Autumn 0.9999817
## Litoria fallax:Spring-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Autumn 0.0560095
## Litoria peronii:Spring-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Autumn 0.0182310
## Litoria peronii:Autumn-Litoria fallax:Autumn 1.0000000
## Crinia signifera:Winter-Litoria fallax:Autumn 0.0001063
## Limnodynastes peronii:Winter-Litoria fallax:Autumn 0.9999975
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Winter-Litoria fallax:Autumn 1.0000000
## Litoria fallax:Winter-Litoria fallax:Autumn 1.0000000
## Litoria peronii:Winter-Litoria fallax:Autumn 1.0000000
## Crinia signifera:Spring-Litoria fallax:Autumn 0.0061058
## Limnodynastes peronii:Spring-Litoria fallax:Autumn 0.0192250
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Spring-Litoria fallax:Autumn 0.9997097
## Litoria fallax:Spring-Litoria fallax:Autumn 0.0345055
## Litoria peronii:Spring-Litoria fallax:Autumn 0.0107779
## Crinia signifera:Winter-Litoria peronii:Autumn 0.0000746
## Limnodynastes peronii:Winter-Litoria peronii:Autumn 0.9999789
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Winter-Litoria peronii:Autumn 1.0000000
## Litoria fallax:Winter-Litoria peronii:Autumn 1.0000000
## Litoria peronii:Winter-Litoria peronii:Autumn 1.0000000
## Crinia signifera:Spring-Litoria peronii:Autumn 0.0043720
## Limnodynastes peronii:Spring-Litoria peronii:Autumn 0.0140016
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Spring-Litoria peronii:Autumn 0.9989052
## Litoria fallax:Spring-Litoria peronii:Autumn 0.0254399
## Litoria peronii:Spring-Litoria peronii:Autumn 0.0077750
## Limnodynastes peronii:Winter-Crinia signifera:Winter 0.0011599
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Winter-Crinia signifera:Winter 0.0002374
## Litoria fallax:Winter-Crinia signifera:Winter 0.0002149
## Litoria peronii:Winter-Crinia signifera:Winter 0.0000980
## Crinia signifera:Spring-Crinia signifera:Winter 0.9954242
## Limnodynastes peronii:Spring-Crinia signifera:Winter 0.9385521
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Spring-Crinia signifera:Winter 0.0028049
## Litoria fallax:Spring-Crinia signifera:Winter 0.8536392
## Litoria peronii:Spring-Crinia signifera:Winter 0.9802679
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Winter-Limnodynastes peronii:Winter 1.0000000
## Litoria fallax:Winter-Limnodynastes peronii:Winter 1.0000000
## Litoria peronii:Winter-Limnodynastes peronii:Winter 0.9999957
## Crinia signifera:Spring-Limnodynastes peronii:Winter 0.0514492
## Limnodynastes peronii:Spring-Limnodynastes peronii:Winter 0.1355412
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Spring-Limnodynastes peronii:Winter 1.0000000
## Litoria fallax:Spring-Limnodynastes peronii:Winter 0.2148049
## Litoria peronii:Spring-Limnodynastes peronii:Winter 0.0839103
## Litoria fallax:Winter-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Winter 1.0000000
## Litoria peronii:Winter-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Winter 1.0000000
## Crinia signifera:Spring-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Winter 0.0128198
## Limnodynastes peronii:Spring-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Winter 0.0385389
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Spring-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Winter 0.9999950
## Litoria fallax:Spring-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Winter 0.0669310
## Litoria peronii:Spring-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Winter 0.0221727
## Litoria peronii:Winter-Litoria fallax:Winter 1.0000000
## Crinia signifera:Spring-Litoria fallax:Winter 0.0117095
## Limnodynastes peronii:Spring-Litoria fallax:Winter 0.0354260
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Spring-Litoria fallax:Winter 0.9999908
## Litoria fallax:Spring-Litoria fallax:Winter 0.0618022
## Litoria peronii:Spring-Litoria fallax:Winter 0.0203093
## Crinia signifera:Spring-Litoria peronii:Winter 0.0056539
## Limnodynastes peronii:Spring-Litoria peronii:Winter 0.0178752
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Spring-Litoria peronii:Winter 0.9995971
## Litoria fallax:Spring-Litoria peronii:Winter 0.0321776
## Litoria peronii:Spring-Litoria peronii:Winter 0.0099981
## Limnodynastes peronii:Spring-Crinia signifera:Spring 1.0000000
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Spring-Crinia signifera:Spring 0.1051936
## Litoria fallax:Spring-Crinia signifera:Spring 0.9999999
## Litoria peronii:Spring-Crinia signifera:Spring 1.0000000
## Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Spring-Limnodynastes peronii:Spring 0.2496721
## Litoria fallax:Spring-Limnodynastes peronii:Spring 1.0000000
## Litoria peronii:Spring-Limnodynastes peronii:Spring 1.0000000
## Litoria fallax:Spring-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Spring 0.3687992
## Litoria peronii:Spring-Limnodynastes tasmaniensis:Spring 0.1637141
## Litoria peronii:Spring-Litoria fallax:Spring 1.0000000Part 4 - Discussion
A Two-way ANOVA was used to test whether different seasons had an effect on when certain frog species had their calling period. The model examined the effects of species, season, and the result of the calling period of different frog species. A Tukey post‑hoc test was then used to determine which specific species and seasons differed significantly from one another.
The Two‑way ANOVA allowed us to determine if seasonal patterns and calling behavior varied among frog species. Based on the resutls, there is signifigant evidence to suggest that both species identity and season influence calling period. This suggests that calling behavior is not set across species and that each species may have different seasonal strategies for reproduction/communication.
Part 5 - Conclusion
Based on a 2-Way ANOVA, there is significant data to suggest that different seasons do have an effect on the calling times of different types of frog species (p-value < 0.05). While the majority of species are shown to have peak calling times in the Spring, the Crinia signifera calling period being in the Winter suggests that calling seasons are specific for each species individually rather than determined by climate alone.
Part 6 - References
Frog Species Examples (PICTURES AREN’T RUNNING)
