Question-5.1

library(readxl)
library(ggpubr)

## Loading required package: ggplot2

r51 <- read_excel("C:/Users/NITHIN KUMAR/Downloads/r51.xlsx")

observed <- table(r51$flavor)
observed

## 
##  Chocolate      Mango Strawberry    Vanilla 
##         87         32         57         74

barplot(observed,
        main = "flavors",
        xlab = "flavors",
        ylab = "Count",
        col = rainbow(length(observed))) 

expected <- c(.20,.20,.20,.40)

chi_result <- chisq.test(x = observed, p = expected)
chi_result

## 
##  Chi-squared test for given probabilities
## 
## data:  observed
## X-squared = 41.6, df = 3, p-value = 4.878e-09

w <- sqrt(as.numeric(chi_result$statistic) / sum(observed))
w

## [1] 0.4079216

# A Chi-Square Goodness of Fit test was conducted to determine if there was a difference between the observed [flavor] frequencies and the expected frequencies.

# The results showed that there was not a difference between the observed and expected frequencies, χ²(df) = 41.6, p = .4.878e-09.

# The difference was [moderate], (Cohen's W = .41).