Load the dataset containing daily student attendance records

The dataset includes Date, Present, Absent, Enrolled, and School ID

Reading data from file

Dataset Overview

[1] "School.DBN" "Date"       "Enrolled"   "Absent"     "Present"   
[6] "Released"  

Convert the Date column into Date format for processing

The Date column is often stored as text, which makes it difficult to perform analysis. Converting it into a proper date format ensures accurate data processing. It allows operations like sorting, filtering, and time-based analysis. Standard date formats also help avoid errors due to inconsistent representations. Therefore, date conversion is an essential step in data preprocessing.

Extract week number from Date to analyze weekly attendance trends

Extracting the week number from the Date column helps in grouping data on a weekly basis. It allows analysis of attendance trends across different weeks.
This is useful for identifying patterns like peak or low attendance periods.
Most tools provide functions to extract week numbers from dates.
This step improves the accuracy of weekly data analysis

Display info

  School.DBN        Date Enrolled Absent Present Released week
1     01M015 57223-06-11      172     19     153        0   24
2     01M015 57223-06-12      171     17     154        0   24
3     01M015 57223-06-13      172     14     158        0   24
4     01M015 57223-06-18      173      7     166        0   25
5     01M015 57223-06-19      173      9     164        0   25
6     01M015 57223-06-20      173     11     162        0   25

'data.frame':   277153 obs. of  7 variables:
 $ School.DBN: chr  "01M015" "01M015" "01M015" "01M015" ...
 $ Date      : Date, format: "57223-06-11" "57223-06-12" ...
 $ Enrolled  : int  172 171 172 173 173 173 173 174 174 174 ...
 $ Absent    : int  19 17 14 7 9 11 10 7 7 8 ...
 $ Present   : int  153 154 158 166 164 162 163 167 167 166 ...
 $ Released  : int  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ...
 $ week      : num  24 24 24 25 25 25 25 25 26 26 ...

Displays summary

  School.DBN             Date                Enrolled        Absent      
 Length:277153      Min.   :57223-06-10   Min.   :   1   Min.   :   0.0  
 Class :character   1st Qu.:57224-01-05   1st Qu.: 329   1st Qu.:  23.0  
 Mode  :character   Median :57248-09-11   Median : 476   Median :  38.0  
                    Mean   :57239-03-03   Mean   : 597   Mean   :  50.5  
                    3rd Qu.:57249-06-19   3rd Qu.: 684   3rd Qu.:  59.0  
                    Max.   :57250-01-21   Max.   :5955   Max.   :2151.0  
    Present          Released             week      
 Min.   :   1.0   Min.   :   0.000   Min.   : 1.00  
 1st Qu.: 291.0   1st Qu.:   0.000   1st Qu.:13.00  
 Median : 430.0   Median :   0.000   Median :27.00  
 Mean   : 544.5   Mean   :   1.983   Mean   :27.22  
 3rd Qu.: 640.0   3rd Qu.:   0.000   3rd Qu.:40.00  
 Max.   :5847.0   Max.   :5904.000   Max.   :53.00  

Visualization

Interpretation

The heatmap shows student attendance patterns across different weeks. Darker colors (red) indicate higher attendance, while lighter colors represent lower attendance. The visualization helps identify trends and fluctuations in attendance across schools.

The line graph shows how attendance changes over time. It helps in understanding overall attendance trends during the academic year.

Plot a line graph to show attendance trend over time

A line graph is used to visualize attendance trends over time.
The x-axis represents time (days/weeks), and the y-axis shows attendance values.
Data points are plotted and connected with lines to show changes over time.

Create a bar chart showing average attendance per week

A bar chart is used to visualize the average attendance for each week.
First, attendance data is grouped week-wise and the average is calculated.
Each bar represents one week and its corresponding average attendance.

Conclusion

The analysis of student attendance data using visualizations such as heatmap, line graph, and bar chart provides clear insights into attendance trends. The heatmap highlights variations across weeks and schools, while the line graph shows overall trends over time.