A4Q1

install.packages(“readxl”) install.packages(“ggpubr”)

library("readxl")
library("ggpubr")

## Loading required package: ggplot2

data1 <-read_excel("A4Q1.xlsx")


ggscatter(
  data1,
  x = "age",
  y = "education",
  add = "reg.line",
  xlab = "Age",
  ylab = "Education of the years"
)  

The relationship is [linear]. The relationship is [positive]. The relationship is [ moderate). There has are outliers.

mean( data1$age)

## [1] 35.32634

sd( data1$age)

## [1] 11.45344

median( data1$age) 

## [1] 35.79811

mean( data1$education)

## [1] 13.82705

sd( data1$education)

## [1] 2.595901

median( data1$education)

## [1] 14.02915

hist( data1$age, 
     main = "age",
     breaks = 20,
     col = "light green",
     border = "white",
     cex.main = 1,
     cex.axis = 1,
     cex.lab = 1)

hist( data1$education,
     main = "education",
     breaks = 20,
     col = "light blue",
     border = "white",
     cex.main = 1,
     cex.axis = 1,
     cex.lab = 1)

Age The age [ normally] distributed. The data is [symmetrical]. The data has a proper bell curve.

education The education looks normal distributed. The data is symmetrical. The data has a proper bell curve.

shapiro.test( data1$age) 

## 
##  Shapiro-Wilk normality test
## 
## data:  data1$age
## W = 0.99194, p-value = 0.5581

#age 
# the first variable is normal (p= 0.5581)
shapiro.test( data1$education) 

## 
##  Shapiro-Wilk normality test
## 
## data:  data1$education
## W = 0.9908, p-value = 0.4385

#education 
# the variablbe is normal (p = 0.4385)

cor.test(data1\(age, data1\)education, method = “pearson”) cor.test(data1\(age, A4Q1\)education, method = “spearman”) A Pearson correlation was conducted to test the relationship between age (M = 35.32634, SD = 11.45344) and education (M = 13.82705, SD = 2.595901). There was a statistically significant relationship between the two variables, r(df) = .148, p = 9.113e-12 The relationship was weak. As the independent variable increased, the dependent variable increase.

A Spearman correlation was conducted to test the relationship between (Mdn = 35.80, M = 35.33, SD = 11.45) and education (Mdn = 14.03, M = 13.83, SD = 2.60). There was a statistically significant relationship between the two variables, ρ = 0.5244375, p = 2.2e-16. The relationship was positive. As the independent variable increased, the dependent variable increased.