\(H_0\): p = p2 \(H_a\): p > p2
#right tail test for two proportions
prop.test(c(84200, 102598), c(144790, 211693), alternative = "greater" )##
## 2-sample test for equality of proportions with continuity correction
##
## data: c(84200, 102598) out of c(144790, 211693)
## X-squared = 3234.9, df = 1, p-value < 2.2e-16
## alternative hypothesis: greater
## 95 percent confidence interval:
## 0.09408942 1.00000000
## sample estimates:
## prop 1 prop 2
## 0.5815319 0.4846547There could be strong evidence to show that the female students taking biology exam is higher than the proportion of female students taking the calculus AB exam, large size of data.
A vitamin K shot is given to infants soon after birth. The study is to see if how they handle the infants could reduce the pain the infants feel. One of the measurements taken was how long, in seconds, the infant cried after being given the shot. A random sample was taken from the group that was given the shot using conventional methods, and a random sample was taken from the group that was given the shot where the mother held the infant prior to and during the shot. Is there enough evidence to show that infants cried less on average when they are held by their mothers than if held using conventional methods? Test at the 5% level.
#test since objects conventional and new couldnt be found
Note that the echo = FALSE parameter was added to the
code chunk to prevent printing of the R code that generated the
plot.
t.test(conventional, new, alternative = "greater")##
## Welch Two Sample t-test
##
## data: conventional and new
## t = 0.025371, df = 58.974, p-value = 0.4899
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is greater than 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
## -8.997749 Inf
## sample estimates:
## mean of x mean of y
## 35.30000 35.16129it seems like there might not be enough stastical evidence to show infants crying when they’re held and not held by their mothers.