Nama : Brenanda Caesa Pamuya

NRP : 5003251085

Kelas : D

Soal No.1

#Soal No.1
winsorized_mean <- function(x, alpha) {
  n <- length(x)
  
  x_sorted <- x
  for (i in 1:(n - 1)) {
    for (j in 1:(n - i)) {
      if (x_sorted[j] > x_sorted[j + 1]) {
        temp <- x_sorted[j]
        x_sorted[j] <- x_sorted[j + 1]
        x_sorted[j + 1] <- temp
      }
    }
  }
  
  k <- floor(n * alpha)
  Y <- x_sorted
  if (k > 0) {
    for (i in 1:k) {
      Y[i] <- x_sorted[k + 1]
    }
    for (i in (n - k + 1):n) {
      Y[i] <- x_sorted[n - k]
    }
  }
  
  total <- 0
  for (i in 1:n) {
    total <- total + Y[i]
  }
  total / n
}

x <- c(12, 45, 52, 58, 61, 63, 67, 70, 72, 75, 78, 82, 88, 95, 310)

result_win = winsorized_mean(x, 0)
result_normal = winsorized_mean(x, 0.2)

cat("Hasil dari winsorized mean dengan alpha: 0.2 adalah :\n")
## Hasil dari winsorized mean dengan alpha: 0.2 adalah :
print(result_win)
## [1] 81.86667
cat("\nHasil dari winsorized mean dengan alpha: 0 adalah :\n")
## 
## Hasil dari winsorized mean dengan alpha: 0 adalah :
print(result_normal)
## [1] 69.73333

Visualisasi No.1

x <- c(12, 45, 52, 58, 61, 63, 67, 70, 72, 75, 78, 82, 88, 95, 310)
x_sorted <- sort(x)
n <- length(x)
k <- floor(n * 0.2)

Y <- x_sorted
Y[1:k] <- x_sorted[k + 1]
Y[(n - k + 1):n] <- x_sorted[n - k]

ordinary <- winsorized_mean(x, 0)
wins <- winsorized_mean(x, 0.2)

plot(1:n, x_sorted,
     type = "b", pch = 16, col = "red",
     xlab = "Indeks ke-i", ylab = "Nilai Output Produksi",
     main = "Perbandingan Data Original vs Winsorized (alpha = 0.2)",
     ylim = c(0, 320))

lines(1:n, Y, type = "b", pch = 17, col = "blue")

abline(h = ordinary, col = "red",  lty = 2)
abline(h = wins,     col = "blue", lty = 2)

legend("topleft",
       legend = c("Data Original", "Data Winsorized",
                  paste("Ordinary Mean =", round(ordinary, 2)),
                  paste("Winsorized Mean =", round(wins, 2))),
       col = c("red", "blue", "red", "blue"),
       lty = c(1, 1, 2, 2), pch = c(16, 17, NA, NA))

Interpretasi No.1

Dengan \(n = 15\) dan \(\alpha = 0.2\), diperoleh \(k = \lfloor 15 \times 0.2 \rfloor = 3\).

Soal No.2

#Soal No.2
weighted_corr <- function(X, w) {
  n <- nrow(X)
  p <- ncol(X)
  
  nw <- 0
  for (i in 1:n) {
    nw <- nw + w[i]
  }
  
  W <- matrix(0, nrow = n, ncol = n)
  for (i in 1:n) {
    W[i, i] <- w[i]
  }
  
  ones <- matrix(1, nrow = n, ncol = 1)
  x_bar_w <- (1 / nw) * (t(X) %*% W %*% ones)
  
  ones_row <- matrix(1, nrow = n, ncol = 1)
  x_bar_T <- matrix(x_bar_w, nrow = 1)
  D <- X - ones_row %*% x_bar_T
  
  S_w <- (1 / nw) * (t(D) %*% W %*% D)
  
  s_w <- matrix(0, nrow = p, ncol = 1)
  for (j in 1:p) {
    s_w[j] <- S_w[j, j]^0.5
  }
  
  V_inv <- matrix(0, nrow = p, ncol = p)
  for (j in 1:p) {
    V_inv[j, j] <- 1 / s_w[j]
  }
  
  R_w <- V_inv %*% S_w %*% V_inv
  
  list(W = W, x_bar_w = x_bar_w, S_w = S_w, s_w = s_w, R_w = R_w)
}

data <- read.csv(
  "/home/brenandacaesa/Documents/Perkuliahan/Semester_2/KomStat/Quiz 1 Komstat/data_quiz1.csv",
  header = TRUE
)

X <- as.matrix(data[, c("x1", "x2", "x3")])
w <- data[, "w"]

result <- weighted_corr(X, w)

cat("Matriks Diagonal Bobot W:\n")
## Matriks Diagonal Bobot W:
print(result$W)
##        [,1]  [,2]  [,3]  [,4]  [,5]  [,6]  [,7]  [,8]  [,9] [,10] [,11] [,12]
##  [1,] 14.34  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00
##  [2,]  0.00 14.19  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00
##  [3,]  0.00  0.00 12.49  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00
##  [4,]  0.00  0.00  0.00 11.45  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00
##  [5,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00 17.45  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00
##  [6,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00 15.24  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00
##  [7,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00 34.73  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00
##  [8,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00 17.97  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00
##  [9,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00 33.13  0.00  0.00  0.00
## [10,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00 35.93  0.00  0.00
## [11,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00 15.55  0.00
## [12,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00 16.54
## [13,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00
## [14,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00
## [15,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00
## [16,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00
## [17,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00
## [18,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00
## [19,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00
## [20,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00
## [21,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00
## [22,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00
## [23,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00
## [24,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00
## [25,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00
## [26,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00
## [27,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00
## [28,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00
## [29,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00
## [30,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00
## [31,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00
## [32,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00
## [33,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00
## [34,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00
## [35,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00
## [36,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00
## [37,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00
## [38,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00
##       [,13] [,14] [,15] [,16] [,17] [,18] [,19] [,20] [,21] [,22] [,23] [,24]
##  [1,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00   0.0  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00
##  [2,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00   0.0  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00
##  [3,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00   0.0  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00
##  [4,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00   0.0  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00
##  [5,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00   0.0  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00
##  [6,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00   0.0  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00
##  [7,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00   0.0  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00
##  [8,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00   0.0  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00
##  [9,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00   0.0  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00
## [10,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00   0.0  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00
## [11,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00   0.0  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00
## [12,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00   0.0  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00
## [13,] 17.25  0.00  0.00  0.00   0.0  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00
## [14,]  0.00 14.93  0.00  0.00   0.0  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00
## [15,]  0.00  0.00  7.24  0.00   0.0  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00
## [16,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  9.85   0.0  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00
## [17,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  11.1  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00
## [18,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00   0.0 12.89  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00
## [19,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00   0.0  0.00 11.14  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00
## [20,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00   0.0  0.00  0.00  7.06  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00
## [21,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00   0.0  0.00  0.00  0.00 13.96  0.00  0.00  0.00
## [22,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00   0.0  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00 23.13  0.00  0.00
## [23,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00   0.0  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00 19.74  0.00
## [24,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00   0.0  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00 17.53
## [25,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00   0.0  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00
## [26,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00   0.0  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00
## [27,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00   0.0  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00
## [28,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00   0.0  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00
## [29,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00   0.0  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00
## [30,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00   0.0  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00
## [31,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00   0.0  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00
## [32,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00   0.0  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00
## [33,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00   0.0  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00
## [34,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00   0.0  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00
## [35,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00   0.0  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00
## [36,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00   0.0  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00
## [37,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00   0.0  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00
## [38,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00   0.0  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00
##       [,25] [,26] [,27] [,28] [,29] [,30] [,31] [,32] [,33] [,34] [,35] [,36]
##  [1,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00   0.0  0.00
##  [2,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00   0.0  0.00
##  [3,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00   0.0  0.00
##  [4,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00   0.0  0.00
##  [5,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00   0.0  0.00
##  [6,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00   0.0  0.00
##  [7,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00   0.0  0.00
##  [8,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00   0.0  0.00
##  [9,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00   0.0  0.00
## [10,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00   0.0  0.00
## [11,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00   0.0  0.00
## [12,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00   0.0  0.00
## [13,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00   0.0  0.00
## [14,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00   0.0  0.00
## [15,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00   0.0  0.00
## [16,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00   0.0  0.00
## [17,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00   0.0  0.00
## [18,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00   0.0  0.00
## [19,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00   0.0  0.00
## [20,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00   0.0  0.00
## [21,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00   0.0  0.00
## [22,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00   0.0  0.00
## [23,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00   0.0  0.00
## [24,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00   0.0  0.00
## [25,] 12.56  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00   0.0  0.00
## [26,]  0.00 13.01  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00   0.0  0.00
## [27,]  0.00  0.00 12.28  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00   0.0  0.00
## [28,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  7.95  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00   0.0  0.00
## [29,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00 20.84  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00   0.0  0.00
## [30,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.67  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00   0.0  0.00
## [31,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.33  0.00  0.00  0.00   0.0  0.00
## [32,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  1.11  0.00  0.00   0.0  0.00
## [33,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.55  0.00   0.0  0.00
## [34,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.39   0.0  0.00
## [35,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00   0.2  0.00
## [36,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00   0.0  0.36
## [37,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00   0.0  0.00
## [38,]  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00  0.00   0.0  0.00
##       [,37] [,38]
##  [1,]  0.00  0.00
##  [2,]  0.00  0.00
##  [3,]  0.00  0.00
##  [4,]  0.00  0.00
##  [5,]  0.00  0.00
##  [6,]  0.00  0.00
##  [7,]  0.00  0.00
##  [8,]  0.00  0.00
##  [9,]  0.00  0.00
## [10,]  0.00  0.00
## [11,]  0.00  0.00
## [12,]  0.00  0.00
## [13,]  0.00  0.00
## [14,]  0.00  0.00
## [15,]  0.00  0.00
## [16,]  0.00  0.00
## [17,]  0.00  0.00
## [18,]  0.00  0.00
## [19,]  0.00  0.00
## [20,]  0.00  0.00
## [21,]  0.00  0.00
## [22,]  0.00  0.00
## [23,]  0.00  0.00
## [24,]  0.00  0.00
## [25,]  0.00  0.00
## [26,]  0.00  0.00
## [27,]  0.00  0.00
## [28,]  0.00  0.00
## [29,]  0.00  0.00
## [30,]  0.00  0.00
## [31,]  0.00  0.00
## [32,]  0.00  0.00
## [33,]  0.00  0.00
## [34,]  0.00  0.00
## [35,]  0.00  0.00
## [36,]  0.00  0.00
## [37,]  3.36  0.00
## [38,]  0.00  1.94
cat("\nVektor Mean Tertimbang x_bar_w:\n")
## 
## Vektor Mean Tertimbang x_bar_w:
print(result$x_bar_w)
##        [,1]
## x1 73.88530
## x2 65.39059
## x3 17.00938
cat("\nMatriks Varians-Kovarians S_w:\n")
## 
## Matriks Varians-Kovarians S_w:
print(result$S_w)
##           x1        x2        x3
## x1  38.16362 -37.75105 -27.15386
## x2 -37.75105  41.10767  29.16587
## x3 -27.15386  29.16587  21.14757
cat("\nVektor Standar Deviasi s_w:\n")
## 
## Vektor Standar Deviasi s_w:
print(result$s_w)
##          [,1]
## [1,] 6.177671
## [2,] 6.411527
## [3,] 4.598649
cat("\nMatriks Korelasi R_w:\n")
## 
## Matriks Korelasi R_w:
print(result$R_w)
##            [,1]       [,2]       [,3]
## [1,]  1.0000000 -0.9531095 -0.9558207
## [2,] -0.9531095  1.0000000  0.9891979
## [3,] -0.9558207  0.9891979  1.0000000

Visualisasi No.2

Boxplot

#Boxplot
boxplot(X, names = c("Kualitas Udara", "Kualitas Air", "RTH"),
        main = "Distribusi indeks lingkungan hidup Jawa Timur",
        col = c("skyblue", "lightgreen", "lightyellow"))

### Interpretasi Boxplot Distribusi Indeks Lingkungan Hidup Jawa Timur

Kesimpulan:

Ketiga variabel tidak memiliki outlier ekstrem pada boxplot, menandakan data lingkungan hidup di 38 kabupaten/kota Jawa Timur terdistribusi dengan baik. Kualitas udara dan kualitas air berada pada skala yang sebanding, sementara RTH berada pada skala yang jauh lebih rendah sehingga perlu diperhatikan dalam interpretasi perbandingan antar variabel.

Scatterplot

pairs(X, labels = c("x1 (Udara)", "x2 (Air)", "x3 (RTH)"),
      main = "Scatter Plot Matrix Antar Variabel")

### Interpretasi Scatter Plot Matrix Antar Variabel

Kesimpulan scatter plot:

Scatter plot matrix mempertegas hasil matriks korelasi, di mana \(x_2\) dan \(x_3\) bergerak searah secara konsisten, sementara \(x_1\) bergerak berlawanan dengan keduanya. Pola linear yang jelas pada seluruh pasangan variabel mengindikasikan bahwa hubungan antar ketiga indeks lingkungan hidup ini sangat erat dan dapat dimodelkan secara linear.

Matrix korelasi

image(1:3, 1:3, result$R_w,
      axes = FALSE,
      main = "Heatmap Matriks Korelasi Tertimbang",
      col = heat.colors(20))
axis(1, at = 1:3, labels = c("x1", "x2", "x3"))
axis(2, at = 1:3, labels = c("x1", "x2", "x3"))
for (i in 1:3) for (j in 1:3) {
  text(i, j, round(result$R_w[i, j], 3))
}

Interpretasi Matriks Korelasi Tertimbang

Korelasi antar variabel:

Kesimpulan matriks korelasi:

Hasil korelasi tertimbang ini mencerminkan bahwa \(x_2\) dan \(x_3\) merupakan pasangan variabel yang paling sejalan dalam menggambarkan kualitas lingkungan hidup di Jawa Timur, sementara \(x_1\) justru bergerak berlawanan dengan keduanya. Hal ini dapat mengindikasikan bahwa daerah dengan kualitas udara tinggi merupakan kawasan industri atau perkotaan padat yang justru minim RTH dan berpotensi mencemari sumber air.