Introduction

Database

library(knitr)

employees <- data.frame(
  Name = c("Bagas","Joan","Alya","Dwi","Nabil"),
  Salary = c(5000,7000,6500,10000,12000),
  Performance = c("Good","Very Good","Average","Good","Very Good"),
  Position = c("Staff","Supervisor","Staff","Manager","Director")
)

kable(employees, caption = "Database Karyawan")

2.5.2 Conditional Statements (Bonus Performance)

Objective

To demonstrate how conditional statements can be used to calculate employee bonuses based on their performance levels.

Instructions

Create a conditional statement to calculate the employee bonus based on their performance.

Bonus rules:

• Performance Very Good → 20% of salary
• Performance Good → 10% of salary
• Performance Average → 5% of salary

for (i in 1:nrow(employees)) {
  
  performance <- employees$Performance[i]
  salary <- employees$Salary[i]
  name <- employees$Name[i]
  
  if (performance == "Very Good") {
    bonus <- salary * 0.20
    
  } else if (performance == "Good") {
    bonus <- salary * 0.10
    
  } else {
    bonus <- salary * 0.05
  }
  
  cat("Name:", name, "| Bonus:", bonus, "\n")
}

## Name: Bagas | Bonus: 500 
## Name: Joan | Bonus: 1400 
## Name: Alya | Bonus: 325 
## Name: Dwi | Bonus: 1000 
## Name: Nabil | Bonus: 2400

2.5.3 Loops Task 1: Salary > 6000

Objective

To demonstrate how a for loop can be used to iterate through a dataset and filter employees based on salary conditions.

Instructions

Use a for loop to go through the employee dataset and display employees whose salary is greater than 6000.

for (i in 1:nrow(employees)) {
  
  name <- employees$Name[i]
  salary <- employees$Salary[i]
  
  if (salary > 6000) {
    cat("Name:", name, "| Salary:", salary, "\n")
  }
}

## Name: Joan | Salary: 7000 
## Name: Alya | Salary: 6500 
## Name: Dwi | Salary: 10000 
## Name: Nabil | Salary: 12000

2.5.3 Loops Task 2: Find Manager (While Loop)

Objective

To demonstrate how a while loop repeatedly executes a task while a condition remains true.

Instructions

Use a while loop to display employee data sequentially until all employee records in the dataset have been processed.

i <- 1

while (i <= nrow(employees)) {
  
  name <- employees$Name[i]
  position <- employees$Position[i]
  
  if (position == "Manager") {
    cat("Name:", name, "| Position:", position, "| Stop here\n")
    break
  } else {
    cat("Name:", name, "| Position:", position, "\n")
  }
  
  i <- i + 1
}

## Name: Bagas | Position: Staff 
## Name: Joan | Position: Supervisor 
## Name: Alya | Position: Staff 
## Name: Dwi | Position: Manager | Stop here

2.5.3 Loops Task 3: Break if Salary > 10,000

Objective

To demonstrate how the break statement can be used to stop a loop when a specific condition is met.

Instructions

Display employee data until a salary greater than 10,000 is encountered.

If a salary greater than 10,000 is found:

• display the previous employee data
  
• add the text “Stop here”
  
• stop the loop execution

for (i in 1:nrow(employees)) {

  name <- employees$Name[i]
  salary <- employees$Salary[i]

  if (salary > 10000) {

    prev_name <- employees$Name[i-1]
    prev_salary <- employees$Salary[i-1]

    cat("Name:", prev_name, "| Salary:", prev_salary, "| Stop here\n")
    cat("(Stopped because", name, "has a salary above 10,000)\n")

    break
  }

  if (salary <= 10000) {
    cat("Name:", name, "| Salary:", salary, "\n")
  }

}

## Name: Bagas | Salary: 5000 
## Name: Joan | Salary: 7000 
## Name: Alya | Salary: 6500 
## Name: Dwi | Salary: 10000 
## Name: Dwi | Salary: 10000 | Stop here
## (Stopped because Nabil has a salary above 10,000)

2.5.3 Loops Task 4: Continue (Skip Average)

Objective

To demonstrate how the continue (next) statement can be used to skip specific data during loop execution.

Instructions

Display employee data but skip employees whose performance is Average.

If an employee has Average performance, skip the employee and display a message explaining that the employee was skipped.

for (i in 1:nrow(employees)) {

  name <- employees$Name[i]
  performance <- employees$Performance[i]

  if (performance == "Average") {
    cat("(", name, "Skipped because performance is Average)\n")
    next
  }

  cat("Name:", name, "| Performance:", performance, "\n")

}

## Name: Bagas | Performance: Good 
## Name: Joan | Performance: Very Good 
## ( Alya Skipped because performance is Average)
## Name: Dwi | Performance: Good 
## Name: Nabil | Performance: Very Good

Conclusion

References