La función de supervivencia es \(S(t)=\exp{-(\lambda t)^\gamma}\). Ya que \(0\leq S(t)\leq 1\), se puede simular usando el método de la transformación inversa. \[T=\frac{(-\log{U})^{1/\gamma}}{\lambda}\] donde \(U\) es una distribución uniforme con rango en \((0,1)\).
Los 100 datos simulados corresponden a una distribución Weibull con \(\lambda=0.3\) y \(\gamma=1.8\).
| time | n.risk | n.event | n.censor | surv | std.err | upper | lower |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.190 | 100 | 1 | 0 | 0.99 | 0.010 | 1.000 | 0.971 |
| 0.325 | 99 | 1 | 0 | 0.98 | 0.014 | 1.000 | 0.953 |
| 0.539 | 98 | 1 | 0 | 0.97 | 0.018 | 1.000 | 0.937 |
| 0.589 | 97 | 1 | 0 | 0.96 | 0.020 | 0.999 | 0.922 |
| 0.607 | 96 | 1 | 0 | 0.95 | 0.023 | 0.994 | 0.908 |
| 0.707 | 95 | 1 | 0 | 0.94 | 0.025 | 0.988 | 0.895 |
| 0.942 | 94 | 1 | 0 | 0.93 | 0.027 | 0.981 | 0.881 |
| 0.956 | 93 | 1 | 0 | 0.92 | 0.029 | 0.975 | 0.868 |
| 0.982 | 92 | 1 | 0 | 0.91 | 0.031 | 0.968 | 0.856 |
| 0.993 | 91 | 1 | 0 | 0.90 | 0.033 | 0.961 | 0.843 |
| 0.997 | 90 | 1 | 0 | 0.89 | 0.035 | 0.953 | 0.831 |
| 1.012 | 89 | 1 | 0 | 0.88 | 0.037 | 0.946 | 0.819 |
| 1.029 | 88 | 1 | 0 | 0.87 | 0.039 | 0.938 | 0.807 |
| 1.047 | 87 | 1 | 0 | 0.86 | 0.040 | 0.931 | 0.795 |
| 1.176 | 86 | 1 | 0 | 0.85 | 0.042 | 0.923 | 0.783 |
| 1.382 | 85 | 1 | 0 | 0.84 | 0.044 | 0.915 | 0.771 |
| 1.392 | 84 | 1 | 0 | 0.83 | 0.045 | 0.907 | 0.760 |
| 1.403 | 83 | 1 | 0 | 0.82 | 0.047 | 0.899 | 0.748 |
| 1.454 | 82 | 1 | 0 | 0.81 | 0.048 | 0.891 | 0.737 |
| 1.469 | 81 | 1 | 0 | 0.80 | 0.050 | 0.882 | 0.725 |
| 1.474 | 80 | 1 | 0 | 0.79 | 0.052 | 0.874 | 0.714 |
| 1.501 | 79 | 1 | 0 | 0.78 | 0.053 | 0.866 | 0.703 |
| 1.502 | 78 | 1 | 0 | 0.77 | 0.055 | 0.857 | 0.692 |
| 1.528 | 77 | 1 | 0 | 0.76 | 0.056 | 0.848 | 0.681 |
| 1.632 | 76 | 1 | 0 | 0.75 | 0.058 | 0.840 | 0.670 |
| 1.649 | 75 | 1 | 0 | 0.74 | 0.059 | 0.831 | 0.659 |
| 1.654 | 74 | 1 | 0 | 0.73 | 0.061 | 0.822 | 0.648 |
| 1.837 | 73 | 1 | 0 | 0.72 | 0.062 | 0.814 | 0.637 |
| 1.844 | 72 | 1 | 0 | 0.71 | 0.064 | 0.805 | 0.626 |
| 1.910 | 71 | 1 | 0 | 0.70 | 0.065 | 0.796 | 0.616 |
| 1.919 | 70 | 1 | 0 | 0.69 | 0.067 | 0.787 | 0.605 |
| 1.973 | 69 | 1 | 0 | 0.68 | 0.069 | 0.778 | 0.594 |
| 2.013 | 68 | 1 | 0 | 0.67 | 0.070 | 0.769 | 0.584 |
| 2.025 | 67 | 1 | 0 | 0.66 | 0.072 | 0.760 | 0.573 |
| 2.060 | 66 | 1 | 0 | 0.65 | 0.073 | 0.751 | 0.563 |
| 2.064 | 65 | 1 | 0 | 0.64 | 0.075 | 0.741 | 0.553 |
| 2.075 | 64 | 1 | 0 | 0.63 | 0.077 | 0.732 | 0.542 |
| 2.127 | 63 | 1 | 0 | 0.62 | 0.078 | 0.723 | 0.532 |
| 2.174 | 62 | 1 | 0 | 0.61 | 0.080 | 0.713 | 0.522 |
| 2.242 | 61 | 1 | 0 | 0.60 | 0.082 | 0.704 | 0.511 |
| 2.320 | 60 | 1 | 0 | 0.59 | 0.083 | 0.695 | 0.501 |
| 2.409 | 59 | 1 | 0 | 0.58 | 0.085 | 0.685 | 0.491 |
| 2.458 | 58 | 1 | 0 | 0.57 | 0.087 | 0.676 | 0.481 |
| 2.499 | 57 | 1 | 0 | 0.56 | 0.089 | 0.666 | 0.471 |
| 2.530 | 56 | 1 | 0 | 0.55 | 0.090 | 0.657 | 0.461 |
| 2.598 | 55 | 1 | 0 | 0.54 | 0.092 | 0.647 | 0.451 |
| 2.669 | 54 | 1 | 0 | 0.53 | 0.094 | 0.637 | 0.441 |
| 2.817 | 53 | 1 | 0 | 0.52 | 0.096 | 0.628 | 0.431 |
| 2.828 | 52 | 1 | 0 | 0.51 | 0.098 | 0.618 | 0.421 |
| 2.866 | 51 | 1 | 0 | 0.50 | 0.100 | 0.608 | 0.411 |
| 2.870 | 50 | 1 | 0 | 0.49 | 0.102 | 0.598 | 0.401 |
| 2.912 | 49 | 1 | 0 | 0.48 | 0.104 | 0.589 | 0.391 |
| 2.926 | 48 | 1 | 0 | 0.47 | 0.106 | 0.579 | 0.382 |
| 2.948 | 47 | 1 | 0 | 0.46 | 0.108 | 0.569 | 0.372 |
| 2.977 | 46 | 1 | 0 | 0.45 | 0.111 | 0.559 | 0.362 |
| 2.988 | 45 | 1 | 0 | 0.44 | 0.113 | 0.549 | 0.353 |
| 3.011 | 44 | 1 | 0 | 0.43 | 0.115 | 0.539 | 0.343 |
| 3.091 | 43 | 1 | 0 | 0.42 | 0.118 | 0.529 | 0.334 |
| 3.106 | 42 | 1 | 0 | 0.41 | 0.120 | 0.519 | 0.324 |
| 3.110 | 41 | 1 | 0 | 0.40 | 0.122 | 0.509 | 0.315 |
| 3.132 | 40 | 1 | 0 | 0.39 | 0.125 | 0.498 | 0.305 |
| 3.253 | 39 | 1 | 0 | 0.38 | 0.128 | 0.488 | 0.296 |
| 3.274 | 38 | 1 | 0 | 0.37 | 0.130 | 0.478 | 0.287 |
| 3.300 | 37 | 1 | 0 | 0.36 | 0.133 | 0.468 | 0.277 |
| 3.328 | 36 | 1 | 0 | 0.35 | 0.136 | 0.457 | 0.268 |
| 3.415 | 35 | 1 | 0 | 0.34 | 0.139 | 0.447 | 0.259 |
| 3.458 | 34 | 1 | 0 | 0.33 | 0.142 | 0.436 | 0.250 |
| 3.541 | 33 | 1 | 0 | 0.32 | 0.146 | 0.426 | 0.240 |
| 3.582 | 32 | 1 | 0 | 0.31 | 0.149 | 0.415 | 0.231 |
| 3.594 | 31 | 1 | 0 | 0.30 | 0.153 | 0.405 | 0.222 |
| 3.758 | 30 | 1 | 0 | 0.29 | 0.156 | 0.394 | 0.213 |
| 3.767 | 29 | 1 | 0 | 0.28 | 0.160 | 0.383 | 0.204 |
| 3.845 | 28 | 1 | 0 | 0.27 | 0.164 | 0.373 | 0.196 |
| 3.896 | 27 | 1 | 0 | 0.26 | 0.169 | 0.362 | 0.187 |
| 4.022 | 26 | 1 | 0 | 0.25 | 0.173 | 0.351 | 0.178 |
| 4.038 | 25 | 1 | 0 | 0.24 | 0.178 | 0.340 | 0.169 |
| 4.108 | 24 | 1 | 0 | 0.23 | 0.183 | 0.329 | 0.161 |
| 4.117 | 23 | 1 | 0 | 0.22 | 0.188 | 0.318 | 0.152 |
| 4.196 | 22 | 1 | 0 | 0.21 | 0.194 | 0.307 | 0.144 |
| 4.223 | 21 | 1 | 0 | 0.20 | 0.200 | 0.296 | 0.135 |
| 4.294 | 20 | 1 | 0 | 0.19 | 0.206 | 0.285 | 0.127 |
| 4.436 | 19 | 1 | 0 | 0.18 | 0.213 | 0.273 | 0.118 |
| 4.538 | 18 | 1 | 0 | 0.17 | 0.221 | 0.262 | 0.110 |
| 4.735 | 17 | 1 | 0 | 0.16 | 0.229 | 0.251 | 0.102 |
| 4.784 | 16 | 1 | 0 | 0.15 | 0.238 | 0.239 | 0.094 |
| 4.826 | 15 | 1 | 0 | 0.14 | 0.248 | 0.228 | 0.086 |
| 4.865 | 14 | 1 | 0 | 0.13 | 0.259 | 0.216 | 0.078 |
| 4.946 | 13 | 1 | 0 | 0.12 | 0.271 | 0.204 | 0.071 |
| 4.979 | 12 | 1 | 0 | 0.11 | 0.284 | 0.192 | 0.063 |
| 5.040 | 11 | 1 | 0 | 0.10 | 0.300 | 0.180 | 0.056 |
| 5.162 | 10 | 1 | 0 | 0.09 | 0.318 | 0.168 | 0.048 |
| 5.261 | 9 | 1 | 0 | 0.08 | 0.339 | 0.156 | 0.041 |
| 5.262 | 8 | 1 | 0 | 0.07 | 0.364 | 0.143 | 0.034 |
| 5.365 | 7 | 1 | 0 | 0.06 | 0.396 | 0.130 | 0.028 |
| 5.382 | 6 | 1 | 0 | 0.05 | 0.436 | 0.117 | 0.021 |
| 6.230 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 0.04 | 0.490 | 0.104 | 0.015 |
| 6.237 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 0.03 | 0.569 | 0.091 | 0.010 |
| 6.326 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0.02 | 0.700 | 0.079 | 0.005 |
| 6.900 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0.01 | 0.995 | 0.070 | 0.001 |
| 10.117 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0.00 | Inf | NA | NA |
El moddelo linealizado \[\log{t_i}\sim\log{[-(\log{S(t_i)})]}\] permite estimar
\[\hat{\gamma}=\frac{1}{\hat{\beta}}\text{ y }\hat{\lambda}=\exp{-\hat{\beta}_0}\]
Call:
lm(formula = Y ~ X)
Residuals:
Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
-0.31955 -0.01763 0.00396 0.02536 0.19496
Coefficients:
Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
(Intercept) 1.188652 0.006608 179.9 <2e-16 ***
X 0.550267 0.004970 110.7 <2e-16 ***
---
Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
Residual standard error: 0.05964 on 97 degrees of freedom
Multiple R-squared: 0.9921, Adjusted R-squared: 0.9921
F-statistic: 1.226e+04 on 1 and 97 DF, p-value: < 2.2e-16
Los valores de \(\hat{\beta_0}=\) 1.1886521 y de \(\hat{\beta_1}=\) 0.5502668
\(\hat{\gamma}=1/\hat{\beta_1}=\) 1.8173002
\(\hat{\lambda}=\exp{(-\hat{\beta_0})}=\) 0.3046316
La media y varianza de los tiempos de supervivencia
son 2.917911 y 2.7654548, respectivamente.