LAT WEEK 3
Qonita Zahrania Haifa Mufti
2026-03-01
R Markdown
library(dplyr)##
## Attaching package: 'dplyr'## The following objects are masked from 'package:stats':
##
## filter, lag## The following objects are masked from 'package:base':
##
## intersect, setdiff, setequal, unionlibrary(tidyr)## Warning: package 'tidyr' was built under R version 4.5.2library(ggplot2)data("penguins")penguins## species island bill_len bill_dep flipper_len body_mass sex year
## 1 Adelie Torgersen 39.1 18.7 181 3750 male 2007
## 2 Adelie Torgersen 39.5 17.4 186 3800 female 2007
## 3 Adelie Torgersen 40.3 18.0 195 3250 female 2007
## 4 Adelie Torgersen NA NA NA NA <NA> 2007
## 5 Adelie Torgersen 36.7 19.3 193 3450 female 2007
## 6 Adelie Torgersen 39.3 20.6 190 3650 male 2007
## 7 Adelie Torgersen 38.9 17.8 181 3625 female 2007
## 8 Adelie Torgersen 39.2 19.6 195 4675 male 2007
## 9 Adelie Torgersen 34.1 18.1 193 3475 <NA> 2007
## 10 Adelie Torgersen 42.0 20.2 190 4250 <NA> 2007
## 11 Adelie Torgersen 37.8 17.1 186 3300 <NA> 2007
## 12 Adelie Torgersen 37.8 17.3 180 3700 <NA> 2007
## 13 Adelie Torgersen 41.1 17.6 182 3200 female 2007
## 14 Adelie Torgersen 38.6 21.2 191 3800 male 2007
## 15 Adelie Torgersen 34.6 21.1 198 4400 male 2007
## 16 Adelie Torgersen 36.6 17.8 185 3700 female 2007
## 17 Adelie Torgersen 38.7 19.0 195 3450 female 2007
## 18 Adelie Torgersen 42.5 20.7 197 4500 male 2007
## 19 Adelie Torgersen 34.4 18.4 184 3325 female 2007
## 20 Adelie Torgersen 46.0 21.5 194 4200 male 2007
## 21 Adelie Biscoe 37.8 18.3 174 3400 female 2007
## 22 Adelie Biscoe 37.7 18.7 180 3600 male 2007
## 23 Adelie Biscoe 35.9 19.2 189 3800 female 2007
## 24 Adelie Biscoe 38.2 18.1 185 3950 male 2007
## 25 Adelie Biscoe 38.8 17.2 180 3800 male 2007
## 26 Adelie Biscoe 35.3 18.9 187 3800 female 2007
## 27 Adelie Biscoe 40.6 18.6 183 3550 male 2007
## 28 Adelie Biscoe 40.5 17.9 187 3200 female 2007
## 29 Adelie Biscoe 37.9 18.6 172 3150 female 2007
## 30 Adelie Biscoe 40.5 18.9 180 3950 male 2007
## 31 Adelie Dream 39.5 16.7 178 3250 female 2007
## 32 Adelie Dream 37.2 18.1 178 3900 male 2007
## 33 Adelie Dream 39.5 17.8 188 3300 female 2007
## 34 Adelie Dream 40.9 18.9 184 3900 male 2007
## 35 Adelie Dream 36.4 17.0 195 3325 female 2007
## 36 Adelie Dream 39.2 21.1 196 4150 male 2007
## 37 Adelie Dream 38.8 20.0 190 3950 male 2007
## 38 Adelie Dream 42.2 18.5 180 3550 female 2007
## 39 Adelie Dream 37.6 19.3 181 3300 female 2007
## 40 Adelie Dream 39.8 19.1 184 4650 male 2007
## 41 Adelie Dream 36.5 18.0 182 3150 female 2007
## 42 Adelie Dream 40.8 18.4 195 3900 male 2007
## 43 Adelie Dream 36.0 18.5 186 3100 female 2007
## 44 Adelie Dream 44.1 19.7 196 4400 male 2007
## 45 Adelie Dream 37.0 16.9 185 3000 female 2007
## 46 Adelie Dream 39.6 18.8 190 4600 male 2007
## 47 Adelie Dream 41.1 19.0 182 3425 male 2007
## 48 Adelie Dream 37.5 18.9 179 2975 <NA> 2007
## 49 Adelie Dream 36.0 17.9 190 3450 female 2007
## 50 Adelie Dream 42.3 21.2 191 4150 male 2007
## 51 Adelie Biscoe 39.6 17.7 186 3500 female 2008
## 52 Adelie Biscoe 40.1 18.9 188 4300 male 2008
## 53 Adelie Biscoe 35.0 17.9 190 3450 female 2008
## 54 Adelie Biscoe 42.0 19.5 200 4050 male 2008
## 55 Adelie Biscoe 34.5 18.1 187 2900 female 2008
## 56 Adelie Biscoe 41.4 18.6 191 3700 male 2008
## 57 Adelie Biscoe 39.0 17.5 186 3550 female 2008
## 58 Adelie Biscoe 40.6 18.8 193 3800 male 2008
## 59 Adelie Biscoe 36.5 16.6 181 2850 female 2008
## 60 Adelie Biscoe 37.6 19.1 194 3750 male 2008
## 61 Adelie Biscoe 35.7 16.9 185 3150 female 2008
## 62 Adelie Biscoe 41.3 21.1 195 4400 male 2008
## 63 Adelie Biscoe 37.6 17.0 185 3600 female 2008
## 64 Adelie Biscoe 41.1 18.2 192 4050 male 2008
## 65 Adelie Biscoe 36.4 17.1 184 2850 female 2008
## 66 Adelie Biscoe 41.6 18.0 192 3950 male 2008
## 67 Adelie Biscoe 35.5 16.2 195 3350 female 2008
## 68 Adelie Biscoe 41.1 19.1 188 4100 male 2008
## 69 Adelie Torgersen 35.9 16.6 190 3050 female 2008
## 70 Adelie Torgersen 41.8 19.4 198 4450 male 2008
## 71 Adelie Torgersen 33.5 19.0 190 3600 female 2008
## 72 Adelie Torgersen 39.7 18.4 190 3900 male 2008
## 73 Adelie Torgersen 39.6 17.2 196 3550 female 2008
## 74 Adelie Torgersen 45.8 18.9 197 4150 male 2008
## 75 Adelie Torgersen 35.5 17.5 190 3700 female 2008
## 76 Adelie Torgersen 42.8 18.5 195 4250 male 2008
## 77 Adelie Torgersen 40.9 16.8 191 3700 female 2008
## 78 Adelie Torgersen 37.2 19.4 184 3900 male 2008
## 79 Adelie Torgersen 36.2 16.1 187 3550 female 2008
## 80 Adelie Torgersen 42.1 19.1 195 4000 male 2008
## 81 Adelie Torgersen 34.6 17.2 189 3200 female 2008
## 82 Adelie Torgersen 42.9 17.6 196 4700 male 2008
## 83 Adelie Torgersen 36.7 18.8 187 3800 female 2008
## 84 Adelie Torgersen 35.1 19.4 193 4200 male 2008
## 85 Adelie Dream 37.3 17.8 191 3350 female 2008
## 86 Adelie Dream 41.3 20.3 194 3550 male 2008
## 87 Adelie Dream 36.3 19.5 190 3800 male 2008
## 88 Adelie Dream 36.9 18.6 189 3500 female 2008
## 89 Adelie Dream 38.3 19.2 189 3950 male 2008
## 90 Adelie Dream 38.9 18.8 190 3600 female 2008
## 91 Adelie Dream 35.7 18.0 202 3550 female 2008
## 92 Adelie Dream 41.1 18.1 205 4300 male 2008
## 93 Adelie Dream 34.0 17.1 185 3400 female 2008
## 94 Adelie Dream 39.6 18.1 186 4450 male 2008
## 95 Adelie Dream 36.2 17.3 187 3300 female 2008
## 96 Adelie Dream 40.8 18.9 208 4300 male 2008
## 97 Adelie Dream 38.1 18.6 190 3700 female 2008
## 98 Adelie Dream 40.3 18.5 196 4350 male 2008
## 99 Adelie Dream 33.1 16.1 178 2900 female 2008
## 100 Adelie Dream 43.2 18.5 192 4100 male 2008
## 101 Adelie Biscoe 35.0 17.9 192 3725 female 2009
## 102 Adelie Biscoe 41.0 20.0 203 4725 male 2009
## 103 Adelie Biscoe 37.7 16.0 183 3075 female 2009
## 104 Adelie Biscoe 37.8 20.0 190 4250 male 2009
## 105 Adelie Biscoe 37.9 18.6 193 2925 female 2009
## 106 Adelie Biscoe 39.7 18.9 184 3550 male 2009
## 107 Adelie Biscoe 38.6 17.2 199 3750 female 2009
## 108 Adelie Biscoe 38.2 20.0 190 3900 male 2009
## 109 Adelie Biscoe 38.1 17.0 181 3175 female 2009
## 110 Adelie Biscoe 43.2 19.0 197 4775 male 2009
## 111 Adelie Biscoe 38.1 16.5 198 3825 female 2009
## 112 Adelie Biscoe 45.6 20.3 191 4600 male 2009
## 113 Adelie Biscoe 39.7 17.7 193 3200 female 2009
## 114 Adelie Biscoe 42.2 19.5 197 4275 male 2009
## 115 Adelie Biscoe 39.6 20.7 191 3900 female 2009
## 116 Adelie Biscoe 42.7 18.3 196 4075 male 2009
## 117 Adelie Torgersen 38.6 17.0 188 2900 female 2009
## 118 Adelie Torgersen 37.3 20.5 199 3775 male 2009
## 119 Adelie Torgersen 35.7 17.0 189 3350 female 2009
## 120 Adelie Torgersen 41.1 18.6 189 3325 male 2009
## 121 Adelie Torgersen 36.2 17.2 187 3150 female 2009
## 122 Adelie Torgersen 37.7 19.8 198 3500 male 2009
## 123 Adelie Torgersen 40.2 17.0 176 3450 female 2009
## 124 Adelie Torgersen 41.4 18.5 202 3875 male 2009
## 125 Adelie Torgersen 35.2 15.9 186 3050 female 2009
## 126 Adelie Torgersen 40.6 19.0 199 4000 male 2009
## 127 Adelie Torgersen 38.8 17.6 191 3275 female 2009
## 128 Adelie Torgersen 41.5 18.3 195 4300 male 2009
## 129 Adelie Torgersen 39.0 17.1 191 3050 female 2009
## 130 Adelie Torgersen 44.1 18.0 210 4000 male 2009
## 131 Adelie Torgersen 38.5 17.9 190 3325 female 2009
## 132 Adelie Torgersen 43.1 19.2 197 3500 male 2009
## 133 Adelie Dream 36.8 18.5 193 3500 female 2009
## 134 Adelie Dream 37.5 18.5 199 4475 male 2009
## 135 Adelie Dream 38.1 17.6 187 3425 female 2009
## 136 Adelie Dream 41.1 17.5 190 3900 male 2009
## 137 Adelie Dream 35.6 17.5 191 3175 female 2009
## 138 Adelie Dream 40.2 20.1 200 3975 male 2009
## 139 Adelie Dream 37.0 16.5 185 3400 female 2009
## 140 Adelie Dream 39.7 17.9 193 4250 male 2009
## 141 Adelie Dream 40.2 17.1 193 3400 female 2009
## 142 Adelie Dream 40.6 17.2 187 3475 male 2009
## 143 Adelie Dream 32.1 15.5 188 3050 female 2009
## 144 Adelie Dream 40.7 17.0 190 3725 male 2009
## 145 Adelie Dream 37.3 16.8 192 3000 female 2009
## 146 Adelie Dream 39.0 18.7 185 3650 male 2009
## 147 Adelie Dream 39.2 18.6 190 4250 male 2009
## 148 Adelie Dream 36.6 18.4 184 3475 female 2009
## 149 Adelie Dream 36.0 17.8 195 3450 female 2009
## 150 Adelie Dream 37.8 18.1 193 3750 male 2009
## 151 Adelie Dream 36.0 17.1 187 3700 female 2009
## 152 Adelie Dream 41.5 18.5 201 4000 male 2009
## 153 Gentoo Biscoe 46.1 13.2 211 4500 female 2007
## 154 Gentoo Biscoe 50.0 16.3 230 5700 male 2007
## 155 Gentoo Biscoe 48.7 14.1 210 4450 female 2007
## 156 Gentoo Biscoe 50.0 15.2 218 5700 male 2007
## 157 Gentoo Biscoe 47.6 14.5 215 5400 male 2007
## 158 Gentoo Biscoe 46.5 13.5 210 4550 female 2007
## 159 Gentoo Biscoe 45.4 14.6 211 4800 female 2007
## 160 Gentoo Biscoe 46.7 15.3 219 5200 male 2007
## 161 Gentoo Biscoe 43.3 13.4 209 4400 female 2007
## 162 Gentoo Biscoe 46.8 15.4 215 5150 male 2007
## 163 Gentoo Biscoe 40.9 13.7 214 4650 female 2007
## 164 Gentoo Biscoe 49.0 16.1 216 5550 male 2007
## 165 Gentoo Biscoe 45.5 13.7 214 4650 female 2007
## 166 Gentoo Biscoe 48.4 14.6 213 5850 male 2007
## 167 Gentoo Biscoe 45.8 14.6 210 4200 female 2007
## 168 Gentoo Biscoe 49.3 15.7 217 5850 male 2007
## 169 Gentoo Biscoe 42.0 13.5 210 4150 female 2007
## 170 Gentoo Biscoe 49.2 15.2 221 6300 male 2007
## 171 Gentoo Biscoe 46.2 14.5 209 4800 female 2007
## 172 Gentoo Biscoe 48.7 15.1 222 5350 male 2007
## 173 Gentoo Biscoe 50.2 14.3 218 5700 male 2007
## 174 Gentoo Biscoe 45.1 14.5 215 5000 female 2007
## 175 Gentoo Biscoe 46.5 14.5 213 4400 female 2007
## 176 Gentoo Biscoe 46.3 15.8 215 5050 male 2007
## 177 Gentoo Biscoe 42.9 13.1 215 5000 female 2007
## 178 Gentoo Biscoe 46.1 15.1 215 5100 male 2007
## 179 Gentoo Biscoe 44.5 14.3 216 4100 <NA> 2007
## 180 Gentoo Biscoe 47.8 15.0 215 5650 male 2007
## 181 Gentoo Biscoe 48.2 14.3 210 4600 female 2007
## 182 Gentoo Biscoe 50.0 15.3 220 5550 male 2007
## 183 Gentoo Biscoe 47.3 15.3 222 5250 male 2007
## 184 Gentoo Biscoe 42.8 14.2 209 4700 female 2007
## 185 Gentoo Biscoe 45.1 14.5 207 5050 female 2007
## 186 Gentoo Biscoe 59.6 17.0 230 6050 male 2007
## 187 Gentoo Biscoe 49.1 14.8 220 5150 female 2008
## 188 Gentoo Biscoe 48.4 16.3 220 5400 male 2008
## 189 Gentoo Biscoe 42.6 13.7 213 4950 female 2008
## 190 Gentoo Biscoe 44.4 17.3 219 5250 male 2008
## 191 Gentoo Biscoe 44.0 13.6 208 4350 female 2008
## 192 Gentoo Biscoe 48.7 15.7 208 5350 male 2008
## 193 Gentoo Biscoe 42.7 13.7 208 3950 female 2008
## 194 Gentoo Biscoe 49.6 16.0 225 5700 male 2008
## 195 Gentoo Biscoe 45.3 13.7 210 4300 female 2008
## 196 Gentoo Biscoe 49.6 15.0 216 4750 male 2008
## 197 Gentoo Biscoe 50.5 15.9 222 5550 male 2008
## 198 Gentoo Biscoe 43.6 13.9 217 4900 female 2008
## 199 Gentoo Biscoe 45.5 13.9 210 4200 female 2008
## 200 Gentoo Biscoe 50.5 15.9 225 5400 male 2008
## 201 Gentoo Biscoe 44.9 13.3 213 5100 female 2008
## 202 Gentoo Biscoe 45.2 15.8 215 5300 male 2008
## 203 Gentoo Biscoe 46.6 14.2 210 4850 female 2008
## 204 Gentoo Biscoe 48.5 14.1 220 5300 male 2008
## 205 Gentoo Biscoe 45.1 14.4 210 4400 female 2008
## 206 Gentoo Biscoe 50.1 15.0 225 5000 male 2008
## 207 Gentoo Biscoe 46.5 14.4 217 4900 female 2008
## 208 Gentoo Biscoe 45.0 15.4 220 5050 male 2008
## 209 Gentoo Biscoe 43.8 13.9 208 4300 female 2008
## 210 Gentoo Biscoe 45.5 15.0 220 5000 male 2008
## 211 Gentoo Biscoe 43.2 14.5 208 4450 female 2008
## 212 Gentoo Biscoe 50.4 15.3 224 5550 male 2008
## 213 Gentoo Biscoe 45.3 13.8 208 4200 female 2008
## 214 Gentoo Biscoe 46.2 14.9 221 5300 male 2008
## 215 Gentoo Biscoe 45.7 13.9 214 4400 female 2008
## 216 Gentoo Biscoe 54.3 15.7 231 5650 male 2008
## 217 Gentoo Biscoe 45.8 14.2 219 4700 female 2008
## 218 Gentoo Biscoe 49.8 16.8 230 5700 male 2008
## 219 Gentoo Biscoe 46.2 14.4 214 4650 <NA> 2008
## 220 Gentoo Biscoe 49.5 16.2 229 5800 male 2008
## 221 Gentoo Biscoe 43.5 14.2 220 4700 female 2008
## 222 Gentoo Biscoe 50.7 15.0 223 5550 male 2008
## 223 Gentoo Biscoe 47.7 15.0 216 4750 female 2008
## 224 Gentoo Biscoe 46.4 15.6 221 5000 male 2008
## 225 Gentoo Biscoe 48.2 15.6 221 5100 male 2008
## 226 Gentoo Biscoe 46.5 14.8 217 5200 female 2008
## 227 Gentoo Biscoe 46.4 15.0 216 4700 female 2008
## 228 Gentoo Biscoe 48.6 16.0 230 5800 male 2008
## 229 Gentoo Biscoe 47.5 14.2 209 4600 female 2008
## 230 Gentoo Biscoe 51.1 16.3 220 6000 male 2008
## 231 Gentoo Biscoe 45.2 13.8 215 4750 female 2008
## 232 Gentoo Biscoe 45.2 16.4 223 5950 male 2008
## 233 Gentoo Biscoe 49.1 14.5 212 4625 female 2009
## 234 Gentoo Biscoe 52.5 15.6 221 5450 male 2009
## 235 Gentoo Biscoe 47.4 14.6 212 4725 female 2009
## 236 Gentoo Biscoe 50.0 15.9 224 5350 male 2009
## 237 Gentoo Biscoe 44.9 13.8 212 4750 female 2009
## 238 Gentoo Biscoe 50.8 17.3 228 5600 male 2009
## 239 Gentoo Biscoe 43.4 14.4 218 4600 female 2009
## 240 Gentoo Biscoe 51.3 14.2 218 5300 male 2009
## 241 Gentoo Biscoe 47.5 14.0 212 4875 female 2009
## 242 Gentoo Biscoe 52.1 17.0 230 5550 male 2009
## 243 Gentoo Biscoe 47.5 15.0 218 4950 female 2009
## 244 Gentoo Biscoe 52.2 17.1 228 5400 male 2009
## 245 Gentoo Biscoe 45.5 14.5 212 4750 female 2009
## 246 Gentoo Biscoe 49.5 16.1 224 5650 male 2009
## 247 Gentoo Biscoe 44.5 14.7 214 4850 female 2009
## 248 Gentoo Biscoe 50.8 15.7 226 5200 male 2009
## 249 Gentoo Biscoe 49.4 15.8 216 4925 male 2009
## 250 Gentoo Biscoe 46.9 14.6 222 4875 female 2009
## 251 Gentoo Biscoe 48.4 14.4 203 4625 female 2009
## 252 Gentoo Biscoe 51.1 16.5 225 5250 male 2009
## 253 Gentoo Biscoe 48.5 15.0 219 4850 female 2009
## 254 Gentoo Biscoe 55.9 17.0 228 5600 male 2009
## 255 Gentoo Biscoe 47.2 15.5 215 4975 female 2009
## 256 Gentoo Biscoe 49.1 15.0 228 5500 male 2009
## 257 Gentoo Biscoe 47.3 13.8 216 4725 <NA> 2009
## 258 Gentoo Biscoe 46.8 16.1 215 5500 male 2009
## 259 Gentoo Biscoe 41.7 14.7 210 4700 female 2009
## 260 Gentoo Biscoe 53.4 15.8 219 5500 male 2009
## 261 Gentoo Biscoe 43.3 14.0 208 4575 female 2009
## 262 Gentoo Biscoe 48.1 15.1 209 5500 male 2009
## 263 Gentoo Biscoe 50.5 15.2 216 5000 female 2009
## 264 Gentoo Biscoe 49.8 15.9 229 5950 male 2009
## 265 Gentoo Biscoe 43.5 15.2 213 4650 female 2009
## 266 Gentoo Biscoe 51.5 16.3 230 5500 male 2009
## 267 Gentoo Biscoe 46.2 14.1 217 4375 female 2009
## 268 Gentoo Biscoe 55.1 16.0 230 5850 male 2009
## 269 Gentoo Biscoe 44.5 15.7 217 4875 <NA> 2009
## 270 Gentoo Biscoe 48.8 16.2 222 6000 male 2009
## 271 Gentoo Biscoe 47.2 13.7 214 4925 female 2009
## 272 Gentoo Biscoe NA NA NA NA <NA> 2009
## 273 Gentoo Biscoe 46.8 14.3 215 4850 female 2009
## 274 Gentoo Biscoe 50.4 15.7 222 5750 male 2009
## 275 Gentoo Biscoe 45.2 14.8 212 5200 female 2009
## 276 Gentoo Biscoe 49.9 16.1 213 5400 male 2009
## 277 Chinstrap Dream 46.5 17.9 192 3500 female 2007
## 278 Chinstrap Dream 50.0 19.5 196 3900 male 2007
## 279 Chinstrap Dream 51.3 19.2 193 3650 male 2007
## 280 Chinstrap Dream 45.4 18.7 188 3525 female 2007
## 281 Chinstrap Dream 52.7 19.8 197 3725 male 2007
## 282 Chinstrap Dream 45.2 17.8 198 3950 female 2007
## 283 Chinstrap Dream 46.1 18.2 178 3250 female 2007
## 284 Chinstrap Dream 51.3 18.2 197 3750 male 2007
## 285 Chinstrap Dream 46.0 18.9 195 4150 female 2007
## 286 Chinstrap Dream 51.3 19.9 198 3700 male 2007
## 287 Chinstrap Dream 46.6 17.8 193 3800 female 2007
## 288 Chinstrap Dream 51.7 20.3 194 3775 male 2007
## 289 Chinstrap Dream 47.0 17.3 185 3700 female 2007
## 290 Chinstrap Dream 52.0 18.1 201 4050 male 2007
## 291 Chinstrap Dream 45.9 17.1 190 3575 female 2007
## 292 Chinstrap Dream 50.5 19.6 201 4050 male 2007
## 293 Chinstrap Dream 50.3 20.0 197 3300 male 2007
## 294 Chinstrap Dream 58.0 17.8 181 3700 female 2007
## 295 Chinstrap Dream 46.4 18.6 190 3450 female 2007
## 296 Chinstrap Dream 49.2 18.2 195 4400 male 2007
## 297 Chinstrap Dream 42.4 17.3 181 3600 female 2007
## 298 Chinstrap Dream 48.5 17.5 191 3400 male 2007
## 299 Chinstrap Dream 43.2 16.6 187 2900 female 2007
## 300 Chinstrap Dream 50.6 19.4 193 3800 male 2007
## 301 Chinstrap Dream 46.7 17.9 195 3300 female 2007
## 302 Chinstrap Dream 52.0 19.0 197 4150 male 2007
## 303 Chinstrap Dream 50.5 18.4 200 3400 female 2008
## 304 Chinstrap Dream 49.5 19.0 200 3800 male 2008
## 305 Chinstrap Dream 46.4 17.8 191 3700 female 2008
## 306 Chinstrap Dream 52.8 20.0 205 4550 male 2008
## 307 Chinstrap Dream 40.9 16.6 187 3200 female 2008
## 308 Chinstrap Dream 54.2 20.8 201 4300 male 2008
## 309 Chinstrap Dream 42.5 16.7 187 3350 female 2008
## 310 Chinstrap Dream 51.0 18.8 203 4100 male 2008
## 311 Chinstrap Dream 49.7 18.6 195 3600 male 2008
## 312 Chinstrap Dream 47.5 16.8 199 3900 female 2008
## 313 Chinstrap Dream 47.6 18.3 195 3850 female 2008
## 314 Chinstrap Dream 52.0 20.7 210 4800 male 2008
## 315 Chinstrap Dream 46.9 16.6 192 2700 female 2008
## 316 Chinstrap Dream 53.5 19.9 205 4500 male 2008
## 317 Chinstrap Dream 49.0 19.5 210 3950 male 2008
## 318 Chinstrap Dream 46.2 17.5 187 3650 female 2008
## 319 Chinstrap Dream 50.9 19.1 196 3550 male 2008
## 320 Chinstrap Dream 45.5 17.0 196 3500 female 2008
## 321 Chinstrap Dream 50.9 17.9 196 3675 female 2009
## 322 Chinstrap Dream 50.8 18.5 201 4450 male 2009
## 323 Chinstrap Dream 50.1 17.9 190 3400 female 2009
## 324 Chinstrap Dream 49.0 19.6 212 4300 male 2009
## 325 Chinstrap Dream 51.5 18.7 187 3250 male 2009
## 326 Chinstrap Dream 49.8 17.3 198 3675 female 2009
## 327 Chinstrap Dream 48.1 16.4 199 3325 female 2009
## 328 Chinstrap Dream 51.4 19.0 201 3950 male 2009
## 329 Chinstrap Dream 45.7 17.3 193 3600 female 2009
## 330 Chinstrap Dream 50.7 19.7 203 4050 male 2009
## 331 Chinstrap Dream 42.5 17.3 187 3350 female 2009
## 332 Chinstrap Dream 52.2 18.8 197 3450 male 2009
## 333 Chinstrap Dream 45.2 16.6 191 3250 female 2009
## 334 Chinstrap Dream 49.3 19.9 203 4050 male 2009
## 335 Chinstrap Dream 50.2 18.8 202 3800 male 2009
## 336 Chinstrap Dream 45.6 19.4 194 3525 female 2009
## 337 Chinstrap Dream 51.9 19.5 206 3950 male 2009
## 338 Chinstrap Dream 46.8 16.5 189 3650 female 2009
## 339 Chinstrap Dream 45.7 17.0 195 3650 female 2009
## 340 Chinstrap Dream 55.8 19.8 207 4000 male 2009
## 341 Chinstrap Dream 43.5 18.1 202 3400 female 2009
## 342 Chinstrap Dream 49.6 18.2 193 3775 male 2009
## 343 Chinstrap Dream 50.8 19.0 210 4100 male 2009
## 344 Chinstrap Dream 50.2 18.7 198 3775 female 2009head(penguins)## species island bill_len bill_dep flipper_len body_mass sex year
## 1 Adelie Torgersen 39.1 18.7 181 3750 male 2007
## 2 Adelie Torgersen 39.5 17.4 186 3800 female 2007
## 3 Adelie Torgersen 40.3 18.0 195 3250 female 2007
## 4 Adelie Torgersen NA NA NA NA <NA> 2007
## 5 Adelie Torgersen 36.7 19.3 193 3450 female 2007
## 6 Adelie Torgersen 39.3 20.6 190 3650 male 2007str(penguins)## 'data.frame': 344 obs. of 8 variables:
## $ species : Factor w/ 3 levels "Adelie","Chinstrap",..: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ...
## $ island : Factor w/ 3 levels "Biscoe","Dream",..: 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 ...
## $ bill_len : num 39.1 39.5 40.3 NA 36.7 39.3 38.9 39.2 34.1 42 ...
## $ bill_dep : num 18.7 17.4 18 NA 19.3 20.6 17.8 19.6 18.1 20.2 ...
## $ flipper_len: int 181 186 195 NA 193 190 181 195 193 190 ...
## $ body_mass : int 3750 3800 3250 NA 3450 3650 3625 4675 3475 4250 ...
## $ sex : Factor w/ 2 levels "female","male": 2 1 1 NA 1 2 1 2 NA NA ...
## $ year : int 2007 2007 2007 2007 2007 2007 2007 2007 2007 2007 ...summary(penguins)## species island bill_len bill_dep
## Adelie :152 Biscoe :168 Min. :32.10 Min. :13.10
## Chinstrap: 68 Dream :124 1st Qu.:39.23 1st Qu.:15.60
## Gentoo :124 Torgersen: 52 Median :44.45 Median :17.30
## Mean :43.92 Mean :17.15
## 3rd Qu.:48.50 3rd Qu.:18.70
## Max. :59.60 Max. :21.50
## NA's :2 NA's :2
## flipper_len body_mass sex year
## Min. :172.0 Min. :2700 female:165 Min. :2007
## 1st Qu.:190.0 1st Qu.:3550 male :168 1st Qu.:2007
## Median :197.0 Median :4050 NA's : 11 Median :2008
## Mean :200.9 Mean :4202 Mean :2008
## 3rd Qu.:213.0 3rd Qu.:4750 3rd Qu.:2009
## Max. :231.0 Max. :6300 Max. :2009
## NA's :2 NA's :2// Pendeteksian Missing Values
is.na(penguins)## species island bill_len bill_dep flipper_len body_mass sex year
## [1,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [2,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [3,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [4,] FALSE FALSE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE FALSE
## [5,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [6,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [7,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [8,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [9,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE TRUE FALSE
## [10,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE TRUE FALSE
## [11,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE TRUE FALSE
## [12,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE TRUE FALSE
## [13,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [14,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [15,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [16,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [17,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [18,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [19,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [20,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [21,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [22,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [23,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [24,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [25,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [26,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [27,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [28,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [29,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [30,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [31,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [32,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [33,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [34,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [35,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [36,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [37,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [38,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [39,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [40,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [41,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [42,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [43,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [44,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [45,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [46,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [47,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [48,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE TRUE FALSE
## [49,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [50,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [51,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [52,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [53,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [54,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [55,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [56,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [57,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [58,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [59,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [60,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [61,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [62,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [63,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [64,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [65,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [66,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [67,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [68,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [69,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [70,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [71,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [72,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [73,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [74,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [75,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [76,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [77,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [78,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [79,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [80,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [81,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [82,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [83,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [84,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [85,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [86,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [87,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [88,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [89,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [90,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [91,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [92,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [93,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [94,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [95,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [96,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [97,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [98,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [99,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [100,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [101,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [102,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [103,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [104,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [105,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [106,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [107,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [108,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [109,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [110,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [111,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [112,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [113,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [114,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [115,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [116,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [117,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [118,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [119,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [120,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [121,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [122,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [123,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [124,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [125,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [126,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [127,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [128,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [129,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [130,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [131,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [132,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [133,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [134,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [135,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [136,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [137,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [138,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [139,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [140,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [141,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [142,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [143,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [144,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [145,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [146,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [147,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [148,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [149,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [150,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [151,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [152,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [153,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [154,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [155,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [156,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [157,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [158,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [159,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [160,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [161,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [162,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [163,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [164,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [165,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [166,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [167,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [168,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [169,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [170,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [171,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [172,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [173,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [174,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [175,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [176,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [177,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [178,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [179,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE TRUE FALSE
## [180,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [181,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [182,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [183,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [184,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [185,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [186,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [187,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [188,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [189,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [190,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [191,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [192,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [193,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [194,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [195,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [196,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [197,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [198,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [199,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [200,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [201,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [202,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [203,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [204,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [205,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [206,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [207,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [208,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [209,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [210,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [211,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [212,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [213,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [214,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [215,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [216,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [217,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [218,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [219,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE TRUE FALSE
## [220,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [221,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [222,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [223,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [224,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [225,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [226,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [227,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [228,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [229,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [230,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [231,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [232,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [233,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [234,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [235,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [236,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [237,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [238,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [239,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [240,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [241,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [242,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [243,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [244,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [245,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [246,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [247,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [248,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [249,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [250,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [251,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [252,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [253,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [254,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [255,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [256,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [257,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE TRUE FALSE
## [258,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [259,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [260,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [261,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [262,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [263,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [264,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [265,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [266,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [267,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [268,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [269,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE TRUE FALSE
## [270,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [271,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [272,] FALSE FALSE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE FALSE
## [273,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [274,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [275,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [276,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [277,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [278,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [279,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [280,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [281,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [282,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [283,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [284,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [285,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [286,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [287,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [288,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [289,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [290,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [291,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [292,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [293,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [294,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [295,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [296,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [297,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [298,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [299,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [300,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [301,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [302,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [303,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [304,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [305,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [306,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [307,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [308,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [309,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [310,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [311,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [312,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [313,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [314,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [315,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [316,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [317,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [318,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [319,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [320,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [321,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [322,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [323,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [324,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [325,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [326,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [327,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [328,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [329,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [330,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [331,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [332,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [333,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [334,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [335,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [336,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [337,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [338,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [339,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [340,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [341,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [342,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [343,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
## [344,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSEcolSums(is.na(penguins))## species island bill_len bill_dep flipper_len body_mass
## 0 0 2 2 2 2
## sex year
## 11 0sum(is.na(penguins))## [1] 19penguins_clean <- na.omit(penguins)//Visualisasi missing value
library(VIM)## Warning: package 'VIM' was built under R version 4.5.2## Loading required package: colorspace## Warning: package 'colorspace' was built under R version 4.5.2## Loading required package: grid## VIM is ready to use.## Suggestions and bug-reports can be submitted at: https://github.com/statistikat/VIM/issues##
## Attaching package: 'VIM'## The following object is masked from 'package:datasets':
##
## sleepaggr(penguins, numbers=TRUE, prop=FALSE)
//Mengganti missing values dengan median
penguins$bill_len[is.na(penguins$bill_len)]<-median(penguins$bill_len,na.rm = TRUE)
penguins$bill_dep[is.na(penguins$bill_dep)]<-median(penguins$bill_dep,na.rm = TRUE)
penguins$flipper_len[is.na(penguins$flipper_len)]<-median(penguins$flipper_len,na.rm = TRUE)
penguins$body_mass[is.na(penguins$body_mass)]<-median(penguins$body_mass,na.rm = TRUE)
penguins$year[is.na(penguins$year)]<-median(penguins$year,na.rm = TRUE)
penguins## species island bill_len bill_dep flipper_len body_mass sex year
## 1 Adelie Torgersen 39.10 18.7 181 3750 male 2007
## 2 Adelie Torgersen 39.50 17.4 186 3800 female 2007
## 3 Adelie Torgersen 40.30 18.0 195 3250 female 2007
## 4 Adelie Torgersen 44.45 17.3 197 4050 <NA> 2007
## 5 Adelie Torgersen 36.70 19.3 193 3450 female 2007
## 6 Adelie Torgersen 39.30 20.6 190 3650 male 2007
## 7 Adelie Torgersen 38.90 17.8 181 3625 female 2007
## 8 Adelie Torgersen 39.20 19.6 195 4675 male 2007
## 9 Adelie Torgersen 34.10 18.1 193 3475 <NA> 2007
## 10 Adelie Torgersen 42.00 20.2 190 4250 <NA> 2007
## 11 Adelie Torgersen 37.80 17.1 186 3300 <NA> 2007
## 12 Adelie Torgersen 37.80 17.3 180 3700 <NA> 2007
## 13 Adelie Torgersen 41.10 17.6 182 3200 female 2007
## 14 Adelie Torgersen 38.60 21.2 191 3800 male 2007
## 15 Adelie Torgersen 34.60 21.1 198 4400 male 2007
## 16 Adelie Torgersen 36.60 17.8 185 3700 female 2007
## 17 Adelie Torgersen 38.70 19.0 195 3450 female 2007
## 18 Adelie Torgersen 42.50 20.7 197 4500 male 2007
## 19 Adelie Torgersen 34.40 18.4 184 3325 female 2007
## 20 Adelie Torgersen 46.00 21.5 194 4200 male 2007
## 21 Adelie Biscoe 37.80 18.3 174 3400 female 2007
## 22 Adelie Biscoe 37.70 18.7 180 3600 male 2007
## 23 Adelie Biscoe 35.90 19.2 189 3800 female 2007
## 24 Adelie Biscoe 38.20 18.1 185 3950 male 2007
## 25 Adelie Biscoe 38.80 17.2 180 3800 male 2007
## 26 Adelie Biscoe 35.30 18.9 187 3800 female 2007
## 27 Adelie Biscoe 40.60 18.6 183 3550 male 2007
## 28 Adelie Biscoe 40.50 17.9 187 3200 female 2007
## 29 Adelie Biscoe 37.90 18.6 172 3150 female 2007
## 30 Adelie Biscoe 40.50 18.9 180 3950 male 2007
## 31 Adelie Dream 39.50 16.7 178 3250 female 2007
## 32 Adelie Dream 37.20 18.1 178 3900 male 2007
## 33 Adelie Dream 39.50 17.8 188 3300 female 2007
## 34 Adelie Dream 40.90 18.9 184 3900 male 2007
## 35 Adelie Dream 36.40 17.0 195 3325 female 2007
## 36 Adelie Dream 39.20 21.1 196 4150 male 2007
## 37 Adelie Dream 38.80 20.0 190 3950 male 2007
## 38 Adelie Dream 42.20 18.5 180 3550 female 2007
## 39 Adelie Dream 37.60 19.3 181 3300 female 2007
## 40 Adelie Dream 39.80 19.1 184 4650 male 2007
## 41 Adelie Dream 36.50 18.0 182 3150 female 2007
## 42 Adelie Dream 40.80 18.4 195 3900 male 2007
## 43 Adelie Dream 36.00 18.5 186 3100 female 2007
## 44 Adelie Dream 44.10 19.7 196 4400 male 2007
## 45 Adelie Dream 37.00 16.9 185 3000 female 2007
## 46 Adelie Dream 39.60 18.8 190 4600 male 2007
## 47 Adelie Dream 41.10 19.0 182 3425 male 2007
## 48 Adelie Dream 37.50 18.9 179 2975 <NA> 2007
## 49 Adelie Dream 36.00 17.9 190 3450 female 2007
## 50 Adelie Dream 42.30 21.2 191 4150 male 2007
## 51 Adelie Biscoe 39.60 17.7 186 3500 female 2008
## 52 Adelie Biscoe 40.10 18.9 188 4300 male 2008
## 53 Adelie Biscoe 35.00 17.9 190 3450 female 2008
## 54 Adelie Biscoe 42.00 19.5 200 4050 male 2008
## 55 Adelie Biscoe 34.50 18.1 187 2900 female 2008
## 56 Adelie Biscoe 41.40 18.6 191 3700 male 2008
## 57 Adelie Biscoe 39.00 17.5 186 3550 female 2008
## 58 Adelie Biscoe 40.60 18.8 193 3800 male 2008
## 59 Adelie Biscoe 36.50 16.6 181 2850 female 2008
## 60 Adelie Biscoe 37.60 19.1 194 3750 male 2008
## 61 Adelie Biscoe 35.70 16.9 185 3150 female 2008
## 62 Adelie Biscoe 41.30 21.1 195 4400 male 2008
## 63 Adelie Biscoe 37.60 17.0 185 3600 female 2008
## 64 Adelie Biscoe 41.10 18.2 192 4050 male 2008
## 65 Adelie Biscoe 36.40 17.1 184 2850 female 2008
## 66 Adelie Biscoe 41.60 18.0 192 3950 male 2008
## 67 Adelie Biscoe 35.50 16.2 195 3350 female 2008
## 68 Adelie Biscoe 41.10 19.1 188 4100 male 2008
## 69 Adelie Torgersen 35.90 16.6 190 3050 female 2008
## 70 Adelie Torgersen 41.80 19.4 198 4450 male 2008
## 71 Adelie Torgersen 33.50 19.0 190 3600 female 2008
## 72 Adelie Torgersen 39.70 18.4 190 3900 male 2008
## 73 Adelie Torgersen 39.60 17.2 196 3550 female 2008
## 74 Adelie Torgersen 45.80 18.9 197 4150 male 2008
## 75 Adelie Torgersen 35.50 17.5 190 3700 female 2008
## 76 Adelie Torgersen 42.80 18.5 195 4250 male 2008
## 77 Adelie Torgersen 40.90 16.8 191 3700 female 2008
## 78 Adelie Torgersen 37.20 19.4 184 3900 male 2008
## 79 Adelie Torgersen 36.20 16.1 187 3550 female 2008
## 80 Adelie Torgersen 42.10 19.1 195 4000 male 2008
## 81 Adelie Torgersen 34.60 17.2 189 3200 female 2008
## 82 Adelie Torgersen 42.90 17.6 196 4700 male 2008
## 83 Adelie Torgersen 36.70 18.8 187 3800 female 2008
## 84 Adelie Torgersen 35.10 19.4 193 4200 male 2008
## 85 Adelie Dream 37.30 17.8 191 3350 female 2008
## 86 Adelie Dream 41.30 20.3 194 3550 male 2008
## 87 Adelie Dream 36.30 19.5 190 3800 male 2008
## 88 Adelie Dream 36.90 18.6 189 3500 female 2008
## 89 Adelie Dream 38.30 19.2 189 3950 male 2008
## 90 Adelie Dream 38.90 18.8 190 3600 female 2008
## 91 Adelie Dream 35.70 18.0 202 3550 female 2008
## 92 Adelie Dream 41.10 18.1 205 4300 male 2008
## 93 Adelie Dream 34.00 17.1 185 3400 female 2008
## 94 Adelie Dream 39.60 18.1 186 4450 male 2008
## 95 Adelie Dream 36.20 17.3 187 3300 female 2008
## 96 Adelie Dream 40.80 18.9 208 4300 male 2008
## 97 Adelie Dream 38.10 18.6 190 3700 female 2008
## 98 Adelie Dream 40.30 18.5 196 4350 male 2008
## 99 Adelie Dream 33.10 16.1 178 2900 female 2008
## 100 Adelie Dream 43.20 18.5 192 4100 male 2008
## 101 Adelie Biscoe 35.00 17.9 192 3725 female 2009
## 102 Adelie Biscoe 41.00 20.0 203 4725 male 2009
## 103 Adelie Biscoe 37.70 16.0 183 3075 female 2009
## 104 Adelie Biscoe 37.80 20.0 190 4250 male 2009
## 105 Adelie Biscoe 37.90 18.6 193 2925 female 2009
## 106 Adelie Biscoe 39.70 18.9 184 3550 male 2009
## 107 Adelie Biscoe 38.60 17.2 199 3750 female 2009
## 108 Adelie Biscoe 38.20 20.0 190 3900 male 2009
## 109 Adelie Biscoe 38.10 17.0 181 3175 female 2009
## 110 Adelie Biscoe 43.20 19.0 197 4775 male 2009
## 111 Adelie Biscoe 38.10 16.5 198 3825 female 2009
## 112 Adelie Biscoe 45.60 20.3 191 4600 male 2009
## 113 Adelie Biscoe 39.70 17.7 193 3200 female 2009
## 114 Adelie Biscoe 42.20 19.5 197 4275 male 2009
## 115 Adelie Biscoe 39.60 20.7 191 3900 female 2009
## 116 Adelie Biscoe 42.70 18.3 196 4075 male 2009
## 117 Adelie Torgersen 38.60 17.0 188 2900 female 2009
## 118 Adelie Torgersen 37.30 20.5 199 3775 male 2009
## 119 Adelie Torgersen 35.70 17.0 189 3350 female 2009
## 120 Adelie Torgersen 41.10 18.6 189 3325 male 2009
## 121 Adelie Torgersen 36.20 17.2 187 3150 female 2009
## 122 Adelie Torgersen 37.70 19.8 198 3500 male 2009
## 123 Adelie Torgersen 40.20 17.0 176 3450 female 2009
## 124 Adelie Torgersen 41.40 18.5 202 3875 male 2009
## 125 Adelie Torgersen 35.20 15.9 186 3050 female 2009
## 126 Adelie Torgersen 40.60 19.0 199 4000 male 2009
## 127 Adelie Torgersen 38.80 17.6 191 3275 female 2009
## 128 Adelie Torgersen 41.50 18.3 195 4300 male 2009
## 129 Adelie Torgersen 39.00 17.1 191 3050 female 2009
## 130 Adelie Torgersen 44.10 18.0 210 4000 male 2009
## 131 Adelie Torgersen 38.50 17.9 190 3325 female 2009
## 132 Adelie Torgersen 43.10 19.2 197 3500 male 2009
## 133 Adelie Dream 36.80 18.5 193 3500 female 2009
## 134 Adelie Dream 37.50 18.5 199 4475 male 2009
## 135 Adelie Dream 38.10 17.6 187 3425 female 2009
## 136 Adelie Dream 41.10 17.5 190 3900 male 2009
## 137 Adelie Dream 35.60 17.5 191 3175 female 2009
## 138 Adelie Dream 40.20 20.1 200 3975 male 2009
## 139 Adelie Dream 37.00 16.5 185 3400 female 2009
## 140 Adelie Dream 39.70 17.9 193 4250 male 2009
## 141 Adelie Dream 40.20 17.1 193 3400 female 2009
## 142 Adelie Dream 40.60 17.2 187 3475 male 2009
## 143 Adelie Dream 32.10 15.5 188 3050 female 2009
## 144 Adelie Dream 40.70 17.0 190 3725 male 2009
## 145 Adelie Dream 37.30 16.8 192 3000 female 2009
## 146 Adelie Dream 39.00 18.7 185 3650 male 2009
## 147 Adelie Dream 39.20 18.6 190 4250 male 2009
## 148 Adelie Dream 36.60 18.4 184 3475 female 2009
## 149 Adelie Dream 36.00 17.8 195 3450 female 2009
## 150 Adelie Dream 37.80 18.1 193 3750 male 2009
## 151 Adelie Dream 36.00 17.1 187 3700 female 2009
## 152 Adelie Dream 41.50 18.5 201 4000 male 2009
## 153 Gentoo Biscoe 46.10 13.2 211 4500 female 2007
## 154 Gentoo Biscoe 50.00 16.3 230 5700 male 2007
## 155 Gentoo Biscoe 48.70 14.1 210 4450 female 2007
## 156 Gentoo Biscoe 50.00 15.2 218 5700 male 2007
## 157 Gentoo Biscoe 47.60 14.5 215 5400 male 2007
## 158 Gentoo Biscoe 46.50 13.5 210 4550 female 2007
## 159 Gentoo Biscoe 45.40 14.6 211 4800 female 2007
## 160 Gentoo Biscoe 46.70 15.3 219 5200 male 2007
## 161 Gentoo Biscoe 43.30 13.4 209 4400 female 2007
## 162 Gentoo Biscoe 46.80 15.4 215 5150 male 2007
## 163 Gentoo Biscoe 40.90 13.7 214 4650 female 2007
## 164 Gentoo Biscoe 49.00 16.1 216 5550 male 2007
## 165 Gentoo Biscoe 45.50 13.7 214 4650 female 2007
## 166 Gentoo Biscoe 48.40 14.6 213 5850 male 2007
## 167 Gentoo Biscoe 45.80 14.6 210 4200 female 2007
## 168 Gentoo Biscoe 49.30 15.7 217 5850 male 2007
## 169 Gentoo Biscoe 42.00 13.5 210 4150 female 2007
## 170 Gentoo Biscoe 49.20 15.2 221 6300 male 2007
## 171 Gentoo Biscoe 46.20 14.5 209 4800 female 2007
## 172 Gentoo Biscoe 48.70 15.1 222 5350 male 2007
## 173 Gentoo Biscoe 50.20 14.3 218 5700 male 2007
## 174 Gentoo Biscoe 45.10 14.5 215 5000 female 2007
## 175 Gentoo Biscoe 46.50 14.5 213 4400 female 2007
## 176 Gentoo Biscoe 46.30 15.8 215 5050 male 2007
## 177 Gentoo Biscoe 42.90 13.1 215 5000 female 2007
## 178 Gentoo Biscoe 46.10 15.1 215 5100 male 2007
## 179 Gentoo Biscoe 44.50 14.3 216 4100 <NA> 2007
## 180 Gentoo Biscoe 47.80 15.0 215 5650 male 2007
## 181 Gentoo Biscoe 48.20 14.3 210 4600 female 2007
## 182 Gentoo Biscoe 50.00 15.3 220 5550 male 2007
## 183 Gentoo Biscoe 47.30 15.3 222 5250 male 2007
## 184 Gentoo Biscoe 42.80 14.2 209 4700 female 2007
## 185 Gentoo Biscoe 45.10 14.5 207 5050 female 2007
## 186 Gentoo Biscoe 59.60 17.0 230 6050 male 2007
## 187 Gentoo Biscoe 49.10 14.8 220 5150 female 2008
## 188 Gentoo Biscoe 48.40 16.3 220 5400 male 2008
## 189 Gentoo Biscoe 42.60 13.7 213 4950 female 2008
## 190 Gentoo Biscoe 44.40 17.3 219 5250 male 2008
## 191 Gentoo Biscoe 44.00 13.6 208 4350 female 2008
## 192 Gentoo Biscoe 48.70 15.7 208 5350 male 2008
## 193 Gentoo Biscoe 42.70 13.7 208 3950 female 2008
## 194 Gentoo Biscoe 49.60 16.0 225 5700 male 2008
## 195 Gentoo Biscoe 45.30 13.7 210 4300 female 2008
## 196 Gentoo Biscoe 49.60 15.0 216 4750 male 2008
## 197 Gentoo Biscoe 50.50 15.9 222 5550 male 2008
## 198 Gentoo Biscoe 43.60 13.9 217 4900 female 2008
## 199 Gentoo Biscoe 45.50 13.9 210 4200 female 2008
## 200 Gentoo Biscoe 50.50 15.9 225 5400 male 2008
## 201 Gentoo Biscoe 44.90 13.3 213 5100 female 2008
## 202 Gentoo Biscoe 45.20 15.8 215 5300 male 2008
## 203 Gentoo Biscoe 46.60 14.2 210 4850 female 2008
## 204 Gentoo Biscoe 48.50 14.1 220 5300 male 2008
## 205 Gentoo Biscoe 45.10 14.4 210 4400 female 2008
## 206 Gentoo Biscoe 50.10 15.0 225 5000 male 2008
## 207 Gentoo Biscoe 46.50 14.4 217 4900 female 2008
## 208 Gentoo Biscoe 45.00 15.4 220 5050 male 2008
## 209 Gentoo Biscoe 43.80 13.9 208 4300 female 2008
## 210 Gentoo Biscoe 45.50 15.0 220 5000 male 2008
## 211 Gentoo Biscoe 43.20 14.5 208 4450 female 2008
## 212 Gentoo Biscoe 50.40 15.3 224 5550 male 2008
## 213 Gentoo Biscoe 45.30 13.8 208 4200 female 2008
## 214 Gentoo Biscoe 46.20 14.9 221 5300 male 2008
## 215 Gentoo Biscoe 45.70 13.9 214 4400 female 2008
## 216 Gentoo Biscoe 54.30 15.7 231 5650 male 2008
## 217 Gentoo Biscoe 45.80 14.2 219 4700 female 2008
## 218 Gentoo Biscoe 49.80 16.8 230 5700 male 2008
## 219 Gentoo Biscoe 46.20 14.4 214 4650 <NA> 2008
## 220 Gentoo Biscoe 49.50 16.2 229 5800 male 2008
## 221 Gentoo Biscoe 43.50 14.2 220 4700 female 2008
## 222 Gentoo Biscoe 50.70 15.0 223 5550 male 2008
## 223 Gentoo Biscoe 47.70 15.0 216 4750 female 2008
## 224 Gentoo Biscoe 46.40 15.6 221 5000 male 2008
## 225 Gentoo Biscoe 48.20 15.6 221 5100 male 2008
## 226 Gentoo Biscoe 46.50 14.8 217 5200 female 2008
## 227 Gentoo Biscoe 46.40 15.0 216 4700 female 2008
## 228 Gentoo Biscoe 48.60 16.0 230 5800 male 2008
## 229 Gentoo Biscoe 47.50 14.2 209 4600 female 2008
## 230 Gentoo Biscoe 51.10 16.3 220 6000 male 2008
## 231 Gentoo Biscoe 45.20 13.8 215 4750 female 2008
## 232 Gentoo Biscoe 45.20 16.4 223 5950 male 2008
## 233 Gentoo Biscoe 49.10 14.5 212 4625 female 2009
## 234 Gentoo Biscoe 52.50 15.6 221 5450 male 2009
## 235 Gentoo Biscoe 47.40 14.6 212 4725 female 2009
## 236 Gentoo Biscoe 50.00 15.9 224 5350 male 2009
## 237 Gentoo Biscoe 44.90 13.8 212 4750 female 2009
## 238 Gentoo Biscoe 50.80 17.3 228 5600 male 2009
## 239 Gentoo Biscoe 43.40 14.4 218 4600 female 2009
## 240 Gentoo Biscoe 51.30 14.2 218 5300 male 2009
## 241 Gentoo Biscoe 47.50 14.0 212 4875 female 2009
## 242 Gentoo Biscoe 52.10 17.0 230 5550 male 2009
## 243 Gentoo Biscoe 47.50 15.0 218 4950 female 2009
## 244 Gentoo Biscoe 52.20 17.1 228 5400 male 2009
## 245 Gentoo Biscoe 45.50 14.5 212 4750 female 2009
## 246 Gentoo Biscoe 49.50 16.1 224 5650 male 2009
## 247 Gentoo Biscoe 44.50 14.7 214 4850 female 2009
## 248 Gentoo Biscoe 50.80 15.7 226 5200 male 2009
## 249 Gentoo Biscoe 49.40 15.8 216 4925 male 2009
## 250 Gentoo Biscoe 46.90 14.6 222 4875 female 2009
## 251 Gentoo Biscoe 48.40 14.4 203 4625 female 2009
## 252 Gentoo Biscoe 51.10 16.5 225 5250 male 2009
## 253 Gentoo Biscoe 48.50 15.0 219 4850 female 2009
## 254 Gentoo Biscoe 55.90 17.0 228 5600 male 2009
## 255 Gentoo Biscoe 47.20 15.5 215 4975 female 2009
## 256 Gentoo Biscoe 49.10 15.0 228 5500 male 2009
## 257 Gentoo Biscoe 47.30 13.8 216 4725 <NA> 2009
## 258 Gentoo Biscoe 46.80 16.1 215 5500 male 2009
## 259 Gentoo Biscoe 41.70 14.7 210 4700 female 2009
## 260 Gentoo Biscoe 53.40 15.8 219 5500 male 2009
## 261 Gentoo Biscoe 43.30 14.0 208 4575 female 2009
## 262 Gentoo Biscoe 48.10 15.1 209 5500 male 2009
## 263 Gentoo Biscoe 50.50 15.2 216 5000 female 2009
## 264 Gentoo Biscoe 49.80 15.9 229 5950 male 2009
## 265 Gentoo Biscoe 43.50 15.2 213 4650 female 2009
## 266 Gentoo Biscoe 51.50 16.3 230 5500 male 2009
## 267 Gentoo Biscoe 46.20 14.1 217 4375 female 2009
## 268 Gentoo Biscoe 55.10 16.0 230 5850 male 2009
## 269 Gentoo Biscoe 44.50 15.7 217 4875 <NA> 2009
## 270 Gentoo Biscoe 48.80 16.2 222 6000 male 2009
## 271 Gentoo Biscoe 47.20 13.7 214 4925 female 2009
## 272 Gentoo Biscoe 44.45 17.3 197 4050 <NA> 2009
## 273 Gentoo Biscoe 46.80 14.3 215 4850 female 2009
## 274 Gentoo Biscoe 50.40 15.7 222 5750 male 2009
## 275 Gentoo Biscoe 45.20 14.8 212 5200 female 2009
## 276 Gentoo Biscoe 49.90 16.1 213 5400 male 2009
## 277 Chinstrap Dream 46.50 17.9 192 3500 female 2007
## 278 Chinstrap Dream 50.00 19.5 196 3900 male 2007
## 279 Chinstrap Dream 51.30 19.2 193 3650 male 2007
## 280 Chinstrap Dream 45.40 18.7 188 3525 female 2007
## 281 Chinstrap Dream 52.70 19.8 197 3725 male 2007
## 282 Chinstrap Dream 45.20 17.8 198 3950 female 2007
## 283 Chinstrap Dream 46.10 18.2 178 3250 female 2007
## 284 Chinstrap Dream 51.30 18.2 197 3750 male 2007
## 285 Chinstrap Dream 46.00 18.9 195 4150 female 2007
## 286 Chinstrap Dream 51.30 19.9 198 3700 male 2007
## 287 Chinstrap Dream 46.60 17.8 193 3800 female 2007
## 288 Chinstrap Dream 51.70 20.3 194 3775 male 2007
## 289 Chinstrap Dream 47.00 17.3 185 3700 female 2007
## 290 Chinstrap Dream 52.00 18.1 201 4050 male 2007
## 291 Chinstrap Dream 45.90 17.1 190 3575 female 2007
## 292 Chinstrap Dream 50.50 19.6 201 4050 male 2007
## 293 Chinstrap Dream 50.30 20.0 197 3300 male 2007
## 294 Chinstrap Dream 58.00 17.8 181 3700 female 2007
## 295 Chinstrap Dream 46.40 18.6 190 3450 female 2007
## 296 Chinstrap Dream 49.20 18.2 195 4400 male 2007
## 297 Chinstrap Dream 42.40 17.3 181 3600 female 2007
## 298 Chinstrap Dream 48.50 17.5 191 3400 male 2007
## 299 Chinstrap Dream 43.20 16.6 187 2900 female 2007
## 300 Chinstrap Dream 50.60 19.4 193 3800 male 2007
## 301 Chinstrap Dream 46.70 17.9 195 3300 female 2007
## 302 Chinstrap Dream 52.00 19.0 197 4150 male 2007
## 303 Chinstrap Dream 50.50 18.4 200 3400 female 2008
## 304 Chinstrap Dream 49.50 19.0 200 3800 male 2008
## 305 Chinstrap Dream 46.40 17.8 191 3700 female 2008
## 306 Chinstrap Dream 52.80 20.0 205 4550 male 2008
## 307 Chinstrap Dream 40.90 16.6 187 3200 female 2008
## 308 Chinstrap Dream 54.20 20.8 201 4300 male 2008
## 309 Chinstrap Dream 42.50 16.7 187 3350 female 2008
## 310 Chinstrap Dream 51.00 18.8 203 4100 male 2008
## 311 Chinstrap Dream 49.70 18.6 195 3600 male 2008
## 312 Chinstrap Dream 47.50 16.8 199 3900 female 2008
## 313 Chinstrap Dream 47.60 18.3 195 3850 female 2008
## 314 Chinstrap Dream 52.00 20.7 210 4800 male 2008
## 315 Chinstrap Dream 46.90 16.6 192 2700 female 2008
## 316 Chinstrap Dream 53.50 19.9 205 4500 male 2008
## 317 Chinstrap Dream 49.00 19.5 210 3950 male 2008
## 318 Chinstrap Dream 46.20 17.5 187 3650 female 2008
## 319 Chinstrap Dream 50.90 19.1 196 3550 male 2008
## 320 Chinstrap Dream 45.50 17.0 196 3500 female 2008
## 321 Chinstrap Dream 50.90 17.9 196 3675 female 2009
## 322 Chinstrap Dream 50.80 18.5 201 4450 male 2009
## 323 Chinstrap Dream 50.10 17.9 190 3400 female 2009
## 324 Chinstrap Dream 49.00 19.6 212 4300 male 2009
## 325 Chinstrap Dream 51.50 18.7 187 3250 male 2009
## 326 Chinstrap Dream 49.80 17.3 198 3675 female 2009
## 327 Chinstrap Dream 48.10 16.4 199 3325 female 2009
## 328 Chinstrap Dream 51.40 19.0 201 3950 male 2009
## 329 Chinstrap Dream 45.70 17.3 193 3600 female 2009
## 330 Chinstrap Dream 50.70 19.7 203 4050 male 2009
## 331 Chinstrap Dream 42.50 17.3 187 3350 female 2009
## 332 Chinstrap Dream 52.20 18.8 197 3450 male 2009
## 333 Chinstrap Dream 45.20 16.6 191 3250 female 2009
## 334 Chinstrap Dream 49.30 19.9 203 4050 male 2009
## 335 Chinstrap Dream 50.20 18.8 202 3800 male 2009
## 336 Chinstrap Dream 45.60 19.4 194 3525 female 2009
## 337 Chinstrap Dream 51.90 19.5 206 3950 male 2009
## 338 Chinstrap Dream 46.80 16.5 189 3650 female 2009
## 339 Chinstrap Dream 45.70 17.0 195 3650 female 2009
## 340 Chinstrap Dream 55.80 19.8 207 4000 male 2009
## 341 Chinstrap Dream 43.50 18.1 202 3400 female 2009
## 342 Chinstrap Dream 49.60 18.2 193 3775 male 2009
## 343 Chinstrap Dream 50.80 19.0 210 4100 male 2009
## 344 Chinstrap Dream 50.20 18.7 198 3775 female 2009//Mengganti missing values pada kolom sex dengan modus
modus_sex<-names(sort(table(penguins$sex), decreasing=TRUE))modus_sex <- names(which.max(table(penguins$sex)))
penguins$sex[is.na(penguins$sex)] <- modus_sexcolSums(is.na(penguins))## species island bill_len bill_dep flipper_len body_mass
## 0 0 0 0 0 0
## sex year
## 0 0summary(penguins)## species island bill_len bill_dep
## Adelie :152 Biscoe :168 Min. :32.10 Min. :13.10
## Chinstrap: 68 Dream :124 1st Qu.:39.27 1st Qu.:15.60
## Gentoo :124 Torgersen: 52 Median :44.45 Median :17.30
## Mean :43.92 Mean :17.15
## 3rd Qu.:48.50 3rd Qu.:18.70
## Max. :59.60 Max. :21.50
## flipper_len body_mass sex year
## Min. :172.0 Min. :2700 female:165 Min. :2007
## 1st Qu.:190.0 1st Qu.:3550 male :179 1st Qu.:2007
## Median :197.0 Median :4050 Median :2008
## Mean :200.9 Mean :4201 Mean :2008
## 3rd Qu.:213.0 3rd Qu.:4750 3rd Qu.:2009
## Max. :231.0 Max. :6300 Max. :2009colnames(penguins)## [1] "species" "island" "bill_len" "bill_dep" "flipper_len"
## [6] "body_mass" "sex" "year"// Deteksi dan Penanganan Outlier
cek_outlier <- function(data, variabel){
Q1 <- quantile(data[[variabel]], 0.25, na.rm=TRUE)
Q3 <- quantile(data[[variabel]], 0.75, na.rm=TRUE)
IQR <- Q3 - Q1
#batas bawah dan atas
lower <- Q1 - 1.5*IQR
upper <- Q3 + 1.5*IQR
outliers <- data[[variabel]] < lower | data[[variabel]] > upper
return(sum(outliers, na.rm=TRUE))
}
cek_outlier(penguins, "bill_len")## [1] 0cek_outlier(penguins, "bill_dep")## [1] 0cek_outlier(penguins, "flipper_len")## [1] 0cek_outlier(penguins, "body_mass")## [1] 0// Hasil 0 artinya memang tidak ada outlier
//Variabel sex merupakan variabel kategorik sehingga tidak dapat dideteksi outlier menggunakan metode IQR. Oleh karena itu, hanya dilakukan pengecekan distribusi frekuensi kategori.
table(penguins$sex)##
## female male
## 165 179// Visualisasi
barplot(table(penguins$sex),
main="Distribusi Sex",
col="lightblue")
//Cek jumlah duplikasi dalam dataset
sum(duplicated(penguins)) ## [1] 0//Cek ulang data setelah prepocessing
summary(penguins)## species island bill_len bill_dep
## Adelie :152 Biscoe :168 Min. :32.10 Min. :13.10
## Chinstrap: 68 Dream :124 1st Qu.:39.27 1st Qu.:15.60
## Gentoo :124 Torgersen: 52 Median :44.45 Median :17.30
## Mean :43.92 Mean :17.15
## 3rd Qu.:48.50 3rd Qu.:18.70
## Max. :59.60 Max. :21.50
## flipper_len body_mass sex year
## Min. :172.0 Min. :2700 female:165 Min. :2007
## 1st Qu.:190.0 1st Qu.:3550 male :179 1st Qu.:2007
## Median :197.0 Median :4050 Median :2008
## Mean :200.9 Mean :4201 Mean :2008
## 3rd Qu.:213.0 3rd Qu.:4750 3rd Qu.:2009
## Max. :231.0 Max. :6300 Max. :2009//Setelah dilakukan preprocessing, dataset penguins telah bersih dari missing values, outlier telah ditangani, dan duplikasi data telah dihapus. Proses ini memastikan data siap digunakan untuk analisis lebih lanjut. Langkah-langkah ini memberikan pemahaman mendalam tentang preprocessing data, yang merupakan tahap penting sebelum melanjutkan analisis atau model prediktif