World Bank

Introducción

Los datos del World Bank Indicators (WBI) son una fuente completa de indicadores económicos, sociales y medioambientales de más de 200 países.
Fuente: WB

Instalar paquetes y llamar librerías

#install.packages("WDI")
library(WDI)

#install.packages("wbstats")
library(wbstats)

## Warning: package 'wbstats' was built under R version 4.4.3

#install.packages("tidyverse")
library(tidyverse)

## Warning: package 'tidyverse' was built under R version 4.4.3

## Warning: package 'ggplot2' was built under R version 4.4.3

## ── Attaching core tidyverse packages ──────────────────────── tidyverse 2.0.0 ──
## ✔ dplyr     1.1.4     ✔ readr     2.1.5
## ✔ forcats   1.0.0     ✔ stringr   1.5.1
## ✔ ggplot2   4.0.2     ✔ tibble    3.2.1
## ✔ lubridate 1.9.4     ✔ tidyr     1.3.1
## ✔ purrr     1.0.4     
## ── Conflicts ────────────────────────────────────────── tidyverse_conflicts() ──
## ✖ dplyr::filter() masks stats::filter()
## ✖ dplyr::lag()    masks stats::lag()
## ℹ Use the conflicted package (<http://conflicted.r-lib.org/>) to force all conflicts to become errors

# install.packages("ggplot2")
library(ggplot2)

Información de 1 país

gdp_mexico <- wb_data(country = "MX", indicator = "NY.GDP.PCAP.CD", start_date= 1900, end_date=2024)
# (ISO3166-2 country codes)
summary(gdp_mexico)

##     iso2c              iso3c             country               date     
##  Length:65          Length:65          Length:65          Min.   :1960  
##  Class :character   Class :character   Class :character   1st Qu.:1976  
##  Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Median :1992  
##                                                           Mean   :1992  
##                                                           3rd Qu.:2008  
##                                                           Max.   :2024  
##  NY.GDP.PCAP.CD        unit            obs_status          footnote        
##  Min.   :  355.1   Length:65          Length:65          Length:65         
##  1st Qu.: 1465.5   Class :character   Class :character   Class :character  
##  Median : 4183.9   Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Mode  :character  
##  Mean   : 5238.3                                                           
##  3rd Qu.: 9097.9                                                           
##  Max.   :14185.8                                                           
##   last_updated       
##  Min.   :2026-02-24  
##  1st Qu.:2026-02-24  
##  Median :2026-02-24  
##  Mean   :2026-02-24  
##  3rd Qu.:2026-02-24  
##  Max.   :2026-02-24

head(gdp_mexico)

## # A tibble: 6 × 9
##   iso2c iso3c country  date NY.GDP.PCAP.CD unit  obs_status footnote
##   <chr> <chr> <chr>   <dbl>          <dbl> <chr> <chr>      <chr>   
## 1 MX    MEX   Mexico   1960           355. <NA>  <NA>       <NA>    
## 2 MX    MEX   Mexico   1961           374. <NA>  <NA>       <NA>    
## 3 MX    MEX   Mexico   1962           388. <NA>  <NA>       <NA>    
## 4 MX    MEX   Mexico   1963           420. <NA>  <NA>       <NA>    
## 5 MX    MEX   Mexico   1964           481. <NA>  <NA>       <NA>    
## 6 MX    MEX   Mexico   1965           506. <NA>  <NA>       <NA>    
## # ℹ 1 more variable: last_updated <date>

tail(gdp_mexico)

## # A tibble: 6 × 9
##   iso2c iso3c country  date NY.GDP.PCAP.CD unit  obs_status footnote
##   <chr> <chr> <chr>   <dbl>          <dbl> <chr> <chr>      <chr>   
## 1 MX    MEX   Mexico   2019         10370. <NA>  <NA>       <NA>    
## 2 MX    MEX   Mexico   2020          8841. <NA>  <NA>       <NA>    
## 3 MX    MEX   Mexico   2021         10314. <NA>  <NA>       <NA>    
## 4 MX    MEX   Mexico   2022         11406. <NA>  <NA>       <NA>    
## 5 MX    MEX   Mexico   2023         13861. <NA>  <NA>       <NA>    
## 6 MX    MEX   Mexico   2024         14186. <NA>  <NA>       <NA>    
## # ℹ 1 more variable: last_updated <date>

ggplot(gdp_mexico, aes(x = date, y = NY.GDP.PCAP.CD)) +
  geom_point()

ggplot(gdp_mexico, aes(x = date, y = NY.GDP.PCAP.CD)) +
  geom_col()

ggplot(gdp_mexico, aes(x = date, y = NY.GDP.PCAP.CD)) +
  geom_col(fill = "cyan") +
  geom_point(color = "blue") +
  labs(title="Producto Interno Bruto en México (US per Capita)", x = "Año", y = "PIB")

Información de varios paises

gdp_varios <- wb_data(country = c("CA","USA","CH"), indicator = "NY.GDP.PCAP.CD", start_date= 1900, end_date=2024)

ggplot(gdp_varios, aes(x=date, y=NY.GDP.PCAP.CD, color=country))+
  geom_point()