M04-Reflection Essay-Advanced Data Visualization

library(tidyverse)

── Attaching core tidyverse packages ──────────────────────── tidyverse 2.0.0 ──
✔ dplyr     1.2.0     ✔ readr     2.1.6
✔ forcats   1.0.1     ✔ stringr   1.6.0
✔ ggplot2   4.0.2     ✔ tibble    3.3.1
✔ lubridate 1.9.5     ✔ tidyr     1.3.2
✔ purrr     1.2.1     
── Conflicts ────────────────────────────────────────── tidyverse_conflicts() ──
✖ dplyr::filter() masks stats::filter()
✖ dplyr::lag()    masks stats::lag()
ℹ Use the conflicted package (<http://conflicted.r-lib.org/>) to force all conflicts to become errors

data(mtcars)

cars <- mtcars

cars |> 
  count(cyl)

  cyl  n
1   4 11
2   6  7
3   8 14

easy_labels <- c("4" = "4 Cylinder Cars",
                 "6" = "6 Cylinder Cars",
                 "8" = "8 Cylinder Cars"
                 )

cars |> 
  ggplot(aes(x = mpg, y = disp, color = factor(cyl))) +
  geom_point(size = 3,
             color = "black"
             ) +
  geom_smooth(method = lm, se = FALSE) +
  facet_wrap(~ cyl,
             ncol = 1) +
  theme_bw()

`geom_smooth()` using formula = 'y ~ x'

cars <- 
  mtcars |>  # piping operator from dplyr (shortcut: Ctrl+Shift+M)
    rownames_to_column() %>% # do this before changing the data to tibble as the conversion will remove rownames in tibble.
    as_tibble() |>   
    rename(model = rowname) |>  
    print (n = 20, width = Inf)

# A tibble: 32 × 12
   model                 mpg   cyl  disp    hp  drat    wt  qsec    vs    am
   <chr>               <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl>
 1 Mazda RX4            21       6 160     110  3.9   2.62  16.5     0     1
 2 Mazda RX4 Wag        21       6 160     110  3.9   2.88  17.0     0     1
 3 Datsun 710           22.8     4 108      93  3.85  2.32  18.6     1     1
 4 Hornet 4 Drive       21.4     6 258     110  3.08  3.22  19.4     1     0
 5 Hornet Sportabout    18.7     8 360     175  3.15  3.44  17.0     0     0
 6 Valiant              18.1     6 225     105  2.76  3.46  20.2     1     0
 7 Duster 360           14.3     8 360     245  3.21  3.57  15.8     0     0
 8 Merc 240D            24.4     4 147.     62  3.69  3.19  20       1     0
 9 Merc 230             22.8     4 141.     95  3.92  3.15  22.9     1     0
10 Merc 280             19.2     6 168.    123  3.92  3.44  18.3     1     0
11 Merc 280C            17.8     6 168.    123  3.92  3.44  18.9     1     0
12 Merc 450SE           16.4     8 276.    180  3.07  4.07  17.4     0     0
13 Merc 450SL           17.3     8 276.    180  3.07  3.73  17.6     0     0
14 Merc 450SLC          15.2     8 276.    180  3.07  3.78  18       0     0
15 Cadillac Fleetwood   10.4     8 472     205  2.93  5.25  18.0     0     0
16 Lincoln Continental  10.4     8 460     215  3     5.42  17.8     0     0
17 Chrysler Imperial    14.7     8 440     230  3.23  5.34  17.4     0     0
18 Fiat 128             32.4     4  78.7    66  4.08  2.2   19.5     1     1
19 Honda Civic          30.4     4  75.7    52  4.93  1.62  18.5     1     1
20 Toyota Corolla       33.9     4  71.1    65  4.22  1.84  19.9     1     1
    gear  carb
   <dbl> <dbl>
 1     4     4
 2     4     4
 3     4     1
 4     3     1
 5     3     2
 6     3     1
 7     3     4
 8     4     2
 9     4     2
10     4     4
11     4     4
12     3     3
13     3     3
14     3     3
15     3     4
16     3     4
17     3     4
18     4     1
19     4     2
20     4     1
# ℹ 12 more rows