Level No. of respondents % (weighted)
Social connection measures % (95% CI)
Mental health measures % (95% CI)
Lack of social & emotional support Frequent mental distress History of depression
8589 100.0 26.3 (25.0–27.6) 32.1 (30.2–34.0) 22.8 (21.7–23.9)
45–54 3649 48.8 26.7 (24.8–28.7) 32.4 (29.7–35.1) 24.0 (22.4–25.7)
55–64 4574 51.2 26.1 (24.2–28.0) 31.7 (28.9–34.4) 22.2 (20.7–23.7)
Male 3977 49.7 27.3 (25.4–29.2) 32.3 (29.3–35.4) 16.0 (14.6–17.4)
Female 4612 50.3 25.3 (23.5–27.1) 31.9 (29.5–34.3) 29.6 (28.0–31.2)
Non-Hispanic White 6584 75.6 22.9 (21.5–24.2) 31.3 (29.3–33.4) 25.4 (24.1–26.6)
Non-Hispanic Black 231 4.7 29.9 (22.5–37.2) 43.5 (32.2–54.9) 16.8 (11.5–22.1)
Hispanic 555 14.7 35.3 (29.8–40.8) 24.7 (17.2–32.3) 10.7 (7.8–13.6)
Non-Hispanic Other 251 4.9 32.3 (24.9–39.7) 37.2 (27.3–47.0) 28.8 (22.0–35.6)
Didn't graduate high school 426 9.0 43.0 (36.7–49.4) 51.2 (42.3–60.0) 25.4 (20.5–30.4)
Graduated high school 1600 20.0 27.6 (24.6–30.6) 36.0 (31.6–40.4) 22.9 (20.5–25.4)
Attended college/technical school 2344 33.4 28.4 (25.9–30.8) 35.9 (32.5–39.2) 26.6 (24.5–28.7)
Graduated college/technical school 4134 37.6 20.3 (18.7–21.9) 22.1 (19.7–24.4) 19.0 (17.6–20.4)
Married / unmarried couple 5818 70.4 19.9 (18.5–21.4) 26.1 (23.8–28.3) 18.3 (17.1–19.5)
Married before 1870 21.8 40.9 (37.8–44.0) 42.4 (38.6–46.2) 35.3 (32.7–38.0)
Never married 747 7.8 43.0 (38.3–47.8) 42.5 (36.2–48.8) 31.2 (27.0–35.3)
<$25,000 796 20.9 50.8 (45.9–55.8) 56.8 (51.2–62.4) 43.2 (38.7–47.8)
$25,000–<$35,000 538 13.7 41.8 (36.2–47.5) 45.1 (37.5–52.7) 36.9 (31.8–42.0)
$35,000–<$50,000 539 15.2 37.3 (31.5–43.1) 34.9 (27.7–42.2) 26.4 (21.8–31.1)
$50,000–<$75,000 954 24.2 25.7 (22.0–29.4) 35.5 (29.4–41.6) 23.4 (20.1–26.7)
≥$75,000 991 26.0 24.0 (20.4–27.7) 22.7 (17.8–27.6) 17.3 (14.6–20.0)