Import data

# excel file
myData <- read_excel("../01_module4/data/myData.xlsx")
myData
## # A tibble: 193 × 9
##    hdi_rank_2023 country           human_development_in…¹ life_expectancy_at_b…²
##            <dbl> <chr>                              <dbl>                  <dbl>
##  1             1 Iceland                            0.972                   82.7
##  2             2 Norway                             0.97                    83.3
##  3             2 Switzerland                        0.97                    84.0
##  4             4 Denmark                            0.962                   81.9
##  5             5 Germany                            0.959                   81.4
##  6             5 Sweden                             0.959                   83.3
##  7             7 Australia                          0.958                   83.9
##  8             8 Hong Kong, China…                  0.955                   85.5
##  9             8 Netherlands                        0.955                   82.2
## 10            10 Belgium                            0.951                   82.1
## # ℹ 183 more rows
## # ℹ abbreviated names: ¹​human_development_index_hdi, ²​life_expectancy_at_birth
## # ℹ 5 more variables: expected_years_of_schooling <dbl>,
## #   mean_years_of_schooling <dbl>, gross_national_income_gni_per_capita <dbl>,
## #   gni_per_capita_rank_minus_hdi_rank <dbl>, hdi_rank_2022 <chr>

State one question

There is preliminary evidence of a positive correlation between a country’s human development index and their life expectancy at birth.

Plot data

ggplot(data = myData) +
    geom_point(mapping = aes(x = human_development_index_hdi, y = life_expectancy_at_birth), 
               alpha = 0.5) +
geom_smooth(mapping = aes(x = human_development_index_hdi, y = life_expectancy_at_birth)) +
    labs(x= "HDI",
         y = "Life Expectancy",
         title = "Human Development Index vs. Life Expectancy",
        subtitle = "Correlation between HDI and Life expectancy")

Interpret

There is according to the graphics a strong correlation between a country’s life expectancy at birth and their human development index, which is an overall evaluation of a county’s living standard.