Research Scenario B: Student Type and Pet Ownership

Loading Libraries

library(readxl)
library(ggplot2)
library(rcompanion)

Importing Datasets

DatasetB2 <- read_excel("/Users/asfia/Desktop/DatasetB2.xlsx")

Data Analysis

# Step 4: Create a Contingency Table
tab <- table(DatasetB2$StudentType, DatasetB2$PetOwnership)
tab

##                
##                 No Yes
##   Domestic      27  25
##   International 23  25

# Step 5: Create a Grouped Bar Chart
ggplot(DatasetB2, aes(x = StudentType, fill = PetOwnership)) +
  geom_bar(position = "dodge") +                 
  labs(x = "Student Type", y = "Frequency", title = "Pet Ownership by Student Type") +
  theme(text = element_text(size = 14))

# Step 6: Chi-Square Test of Independence
chisq.test(tab)

## 
##  Pearson's Chi-squared test with Yates' continuity correction
## 
## data:  tab
## X-squared = 0.040064, df = 1, p-value = 0.8414

# Step 7: Cramer's V (Effect Size)
cramerV(tab)

## Cramer V 
##  0.04003

Interpretation: The Chi-Square Test of Independence indicated there was not a significant association between student type and pet ownership, χ²(1) = 0.04, p = .841.