| Characteristic | Overall N = 531 |
negative and at risk N = 401 |
positive N = 131 |
p-value2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age at time of sample (years) | 75 (68, 79) | 75 (68, 79) | 77 (67, 80) | 0.7 |
| Female sex | 24 (45%) | 17 (43%) | 7 (54%) | 0.5 |
| Race | 0.5 | |||
| asian | 1 (1.9%) | 1 (2.5%) | 0 (0%) | |
| black/aa | 6 (11%) | 6 (15%) | 0 (0%) | |
| white | 46 (87%) | 33 (83%) | 13 (100%) | |
| Ethnicity | 0.2 | |||
| hispanic/latinx | 1 (1.9%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (7.7%) | |
| not hispanic/latinx | 52 (98%) | 40 (100%) | 12 (92%) | |
| Number of immune-related adverse events (iRAEs) | 2 (1, 3) | 2 (1, 3) | 2 (1, 4) | 0.6 |
| AT1R antibody interpretation | <0.001 | |||
| at risk | 16 (30%) | 16 (40%) | 0 (0%) | |
| negative | 24 (45%) | 24 (60%) | 0 (0%) | |
| positive | 13 (25%) | 0 (0%) | 13 (100%) | |
| Death | 22 (42%) | 16 (41%) | 6 (46%) | 0.7 |
| Heart failure at baseline | 9 (17%) | 6 (15%) | 3 (23%) | 0.7 |
| Heart failure at outcome | >0.9 | |||
| 0 | 36 (68%) | 27 (68%) | 9 (69%) | |
| 1 | 16 (30%) | 12 (30%) | 4 (31%) | |
| 1 (recovered then HFrEF after ICI) | 1 (1.9%) | 1 (2.5%) | 0 (0%) | |
| Arrhythmia at baseline | >0.9 | |||
| 0 | 34 (64%) | 26 (65%) | 8 (62%) | |
| 1 | 19 (36%) | 14 (35%) | 5 (38%) | |
| Arrhythmia at outcome | 0.7 | |||
| 0 | 31 (58%) | 24 (60%) | 7 (54%) | |
| 1 | 22 (42%) | 16 (40%) | 6 (46%) | |
| New arrhythmia | 17 (32%) | 12 (30%) | 5 (38%) | 0.7 |
| ACE inhibitor or ARB use | 0.036 | |||
| 0 | 34 (64%) | 22 (55%) | 12 (92%) | |
| 0 on admission, started lisinopril 3/17/2022 | 1 (1.9%) | 1 (2.5%) | 0 (0%) | |
| 1 | 18 (34%) | 17 (43%) | 1 (7.7%) | |
| Spironolactone (aldactone) use | 1 (1.9%) | 1 (2.5%) | 0 (0%) | >0.9 |
| SGLT2 inhibitor use | 3 (5.7%) | 3 (7.5%) | 0 (0%) | 0.6 |
| Beta-blocker use | 0.6 | |||
| 0 | 28 (53%) | 19 (48%) | 9 (69%) | |
| 1 | 23 (43%) | 19 (48%) | 4 (31%) | |
| 1 (atenolol) | 1 (1.9%) | 1 (2.5%) | 0 (0%) | |
| 1 (nadolol) | 1 (1.9%) | 1 (2.5%) | 0 (0%) | |
| myocarditis_severty_adjudication | >0.9 | |||
| 1 | 3 (5.7%) | 2 (5.0%) | 1 (7.7%) | |
| 1 (asx) | 1 (1.9%) | 1 (2.5%) | 0 (0%) | |
| 1 (hypotension but likely 2/2 to other conditions) | 1 (1.9%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (7.7%) | |
| 2 | 4 (7.5%) | 3 (7.5%) | 1 (7.7%) | |
| 2 (cardiac MRI with signs of prior myocarditis but not active) | 1 (1.9%) | 1 (2.5%) | 0 (0%) | |
| 2 (could be 1, had mild dyspnea likely attribuate to concurrent irae pneumonitis) | 1 (1.9%) | 1 (2.5%) | 0 (0%) | |
| 2 (had cMRI that does not seem conclusive for myocarditis, had CP) | 1 (1.9%) | 1 (2.5%) | 0 (0%) | |
| 2 (Had CP but likely due to pericardial effusion) | 1 (1.9%) | 1 (2.5%) | 0 (0%) | |
| 2 (mildly reduced EF but no clear sx) | 1 (1.9%) | 1 (2.5%) | 0 (0%) | |
| 2 (new DOE) | 1 (1.9%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (7.7%) | |
| 2 (normal echo, ? cardiogenic syncope) | 1 (1.9%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (7.7%) | |
| 2 (unstable but for other reasons) | 1 (1.9%) | 1 (2.5%) | 0 (0%) | |
| 2/3 (Formal MRI didn't read myocarditis, but per notes Dr. Kwan thought was consistent) | 1 (1.9%) | 1 (2.5%) | 0 (0%) | |
| 3 | 20 (38%) | 14 (35%) | 6 (46%) | |
| 3 (based on MRI) | 1 (1.9%) | 1 (2.5%) | 0 (0%) | |
| 3 (cMRI 11/2022 with myocarditis) | 1 (1.9%) | 1 (2.5%) | 0 (0%) | |
| 3 (cMRI suggestive and TTE with known apical akinesis iso scar) | 1 (1.9%) | 1 (2.5%) | 0 (0%) | |
| 3 (EF 25 - 30% w/ sx but no instability) | 1 (1.9%) | 1 (2.5%) | 0 (0%) | |
| 3 (EF drop w/ CP but no instability) | 1 (1.9%) | 1 (2.5%) | 0 (0%) | |
| 3 (In MICU but for AHRF 2/2 lung dz) | 1 (1.9%) | 1 (2.5%) | 0 (0%) | |
| 3 (MRI read equivocal but seems real enough) | 1 (1.9%) | 1 (2.5%) | 0 (0%) | |
| 4 | 7 (13%) | 5 (13%) | 2 (15%) | |
| 4 (aggressively worsening trops despite immunosupp, hypotension likely iso sepsis but seems like grade 4) | 1 (1.9%) | 1 (2.5%) | 0 (0%) | |
| Prolonged immunosuppression | 31 (62%) | 20 (51%) | 11 (100%) | 0.003 |
| Number of non-HLA positive beads | 4 (1, 12) | 4 (1, 8) | 17 (12, 28) | 0.035 |
| Metastatic cancer | 12 (71%) | 9 (69%) | 3 (75%) | >0.9 |
| Hypertension | 49 (92%) | 38 (95%) | 11 (85%) | 0.2 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 43 (81%) | 32 (80%) | 11 (85%) | >0.9 |
| Coronary artery disease | 35 (66%) | 25 (63%) | 10 (77%) | 0.5 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 14 (26%) | 12 (30%) | 2 (15%) | 0.5 |
| Heart failure | 18 (34%) | 12 (30%) | 6 (46%) | 0.3 |
| Valvular disease | 3 (5.7%) | 2 (5.0%) | 1 (7.7%) | >0.9 |
| Ipilimumab (IPI) | 14 (26%) | 9 (23%) | 5 (38%) | 0.3 |
| Nivolumab (NIVO) | 21 (40%) | 16 (40%) | 5 (38%) | >0.9 |
| Pembrolizumab (PEMBRO) | 27 (51%) | 19 (48%) | 8 (62%) | 0.4 |
| Durvalumab (DURVA) | 5 (9.4%) | 3 (7.5%) | 2 (15%) | 0.6 |
| Atezolizumab (ATEZO) | 4 (7.5%) | 4 (10%) | 0 (0%) | 0.6 |
| Days from initial ICI exposure to presentation | 58 (34, 333) | 57 (34, 276) | 82 (35, 907) | 0.5 |
| Pulse-dose steroids given | 51 (96%) | 39 (98%) | 12 (92%) | 0.4 |
| Prolonged steroid course after pulse | 26 (49%) | 18 (45%) | 8 (62%) | 0.3 |
| Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) | 31 (58%) | 22 (55%) | 9 (69%) | 0.4 |
| Abatacept | 21 (40%) | 14 (35%) | 7 (54%) | 0.2 |
| IVIG | 13 (25%) | 7 (18%) | 6 (46%) | 0.061 |
| Infliximab | 2 (3.8%) | 1 (2.5%) | 1 (7.7%) | 0.4 |
| Tofacitinib | 15 (28%) | 12 (30%) | 3 (23%) | 0.7 |
| Any immunosuppression escalation | 30 (57%) | 19 (48%) | 11 (85%) | 0.019 |
| Number of immunosuppression escalations | 1.00 (0.00, 1.00) | 0.50 (0.00, 1.00) | 1.00 (1.00, 2.00) | 0.027 |
| LVEF (%) — clinical | 54 (43, 62) | 53 (39, 58) | 61 (58, 64) | 0.063 |
| RVEF (%) — clinical | 49 (43, 52) | 49 (40, 51) | 54 (45, 66) | 0.14 |
| Cardiomyopathy etiology | 0.6 | |||
| 10 (23%) | 7 (21%) | 3 (27%) | ||
| 0 | 1 (2.3%) | 1 (3.0%) | 0 (0%) | |
| both | 4 (9.1%) | 3 (9.1%) | 1 (9.1%) | |
| ischemic | 1 (2.3%) | 1 (3.0%) | 0 (0%) | |
| ischemic_nonischemic_both_sheet_4 | 3 (6.8%) | 1 (3.0%) | 2 (18%) | |
| nonischemic | 25 (57%) | 20 (61%) | 5 (45%) | |
| Other irAEs | 0.4 | |||
| 51 (96%) | 39 (98%) | 12 (92%) | ||
| myositis, MG myocarditis | 1 (1.9%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (7.7%) | |
| pneumonitis | 1 (1.9%) | 1 (2.5%) | 0 (0%) | |
| Native T1, CMR (ms) | 992 (964, 1,016) | 1,015 (973, 1,024) | 965 (938, 1,012) | 0.14 |
| ECV, CMR (%) — categories | 30.0 (26.0, 35.0) | 30.0 (26.0, 34.0) | 31.0 (24.5, 38.0) | 0.6 |
| T2 (0=normal, 1=elevated) | 19 (50%) | 13 (48%) | 6 (55%) | 0.7 |
| LGE burden, CMR (% LV mass) | 7 (0, 14) | 7 (0, 10) | 12 (4, 30) | 0.085 |
| CM outcome (1 = event) | 16 (89%) | 14 (93%) | 2 (67%) | 0.3 |
| LVEF, CMR (%) | 59 (47, 64) | 58 (44, 62) | 63 (58, 68) | 0.080 |
| RVEF, CMR (%) | 52 (47, 56) | 51 (47, 54) | 54 (50, 58) | 0.11 |
| LV wall thickness (AP), mm | 10.00 (8.00, 11.00) | 10.00 (8.00, 11.00) | 9.00 (7.00, 11.00) | 0.6 |
| LV wall thickness (PL), mm | 8.00 (7.00, 10.00) | 8.00 (7.00, 9.00) | 9.00 (7.00, 10.00) | 0.2 |
| Global radial strain, CMR (%) | 26 (20, 36) | 23 (20, 31) | 35 (25, 37) | 0.038 |
| Global circumferential strain, CMR (%) | -16.8 (-19.8, -13.6) | -15.1 (-18.1, -13.0) | -19.2 (-20.6, -15.7) | 0.048 |
| Global longitudinal strain (GLS), CMR (%) | -13.1 (-15.5, -10.0) | -12.5 (-15.2, -9.1) | -15.3 (-17.6, -10.8) | 0.2 |
| Abnormal GLS | 36 (86%) | 27 (90%) | 9 (75%) | 0.3 |
| MAPSE — anterior (mm) | 9.8 (6.3, 12.4) | 9.7 (5.9, 12.4) | 10.4 (7.3, 12.2) | 0.6 |
| MAPSE — inferior (mm) | 11.2 (9.7, 14.5) | 11.7 (8.9, 14.6) | 11.2 (9.9, 13.8) | 0.8 |
| MAPSE — mean (mm) | 10.6 (7.9, 12.7) | 10.2 (7.1, 12.8) | 11.7 (8.9, 12.5) | 0.5 |
| remove_variavle | ||||
| 1 | 2 (100%) | 2 (100%) | 0 (NA%) | |
| at1r_bracket_num | 11 (7, 17) | 9 (6, 12) | 23 (20, 31) | <0.001 |
| myocarditis_severity_num | 0.8 | |||
| 1 | 5 (9.4%) | 3 (7.5%) | 2 (15%) | |
| 2 | 13 (25%) | 10 (25%) | 3 (23%) | |
| 3 | 27 (51%) | 21 (53%) | 6 (46%) | |
| 4 | 8 (15%) | 6 (15%) | 2 (15%) | |
| 1 Median (Q1, Q3); n (%) | ||||
| 2 Wilcoxon rank sum test; Pearson’s Chi-squared test; Fisher’s exact test; NA | ||||
initialization_att1r_project
Quarto
Positive vs non-positive
Negative vs non-negative
| Characteristic | Overall N = 531 |
negative N = 241 |
positive and at risk N = 291 |
p-value2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age at time of sample (years) | 75 (68, 79) | 75 (69, 80) | 76 (66, 79) | 0.7 |
| Female sex | 24 (45%) | 10 (42%) | 14 (48%) | 0.6 |
| Race | 0.3 | |||
| asian | 1 (1.9%) | 1 (4.2%) | 0 (0%) | |
| black/aa | 6 (11%) | 4 (17%) | 2 (6.9%) | |
| white | 46 (87%) | 19 (79%) | 27 (93%) | |
| Ethnicity | >0.9 | |||
| hispanic/latinx | 1 (1.9%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (3.4%) | |
| not hispanic/latinx | 52 (98%) | 24 (100%) | 28 (97%) | |
| Number of immune-related adverse events (iRAEs) | 2 (1, 3) | 2 (1, 3) | 2 (1, 3) | 0.3 |
| AT1R antibody interpretation | <0.001 | |||
| at risk | 16 (30%) | 0 (0%) | 16 (55%) | |
| negative | 24 (45%) | 24 (100%) | 0 (0%) | |
| positive | 13 (25%) | 0 (0%) | 13 (45%) | |
| Death | 22 (42%) | 9 (38%) | 13 (46%) | 0.5 |
| Heart failure at baseline | 9 (17%) | 4 (17%) | 5 (17%) | >0.9 |
| Heart failure at outcome | >0.9 | |||
| 0 | 36 (68%) | 17 (71%) | 19 (66%) | |
| 1 | 16 (30%) | 7 (29%) | 9 (31%) | |
| 1 (recovered then HFrEF after ICI) | 1 (1.9%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (3.4%) | |
| Arrhythmia at baseline | 0.7 | |||
| 0 | 34 (64%) | 16 (67%) | 18 (62%) | |
| 1 | 19 (36%) | 8 (33%) | 11 (38%) | |
| Arrhythmia at outcome | 0.6 | |||
| 0 | 31 (58%) | 15 (63%) | 16 (55%) | |
| 1 | 22 (42%) | 9 (38%) | 13 (45%) | |
| New arrhythmia | 17 (32%) | 7 (29%) | 10 (34%) | 0.7 |
| ACE inhibitor or ARB use | 0.5 | |||
| 0 | 34 (64%) | 14 (58%) | 20 (69%) | |
| 0 on admission, started lisinopril 3/17/2022 | 1 (1.9%) | 1 (4.2%) | 0 (0%) | |
| 1 | 18 (34%) | 9 (38%) | 9 (31%) | |
| Spironolactone (aldactone) use | 1 (1.9%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (3.4%) | >0.9 |
| SGLT2 inhibitor use | 3 (5.7%) | 3 (13%) | 0 (0%) | 0.086 |
| Beta-blocker use | 0.6 | |||
| 0 | 28 (53%) | 12 (50%) | 16 (55%) | |
| 1 | 23 (43%) | 10 (42%) | 13 (45%) | |
| 1 (atenolol) | 1 (1.9%) | 1 (4.2%) | 0 (0%) | |
| 1 (nadolol) | 1 (1.9%) | 1 (4.2%) | 0 (0%) | |
| myocarditis_severty_adjudication | 0.7 | |||
| 1 | 3 (5.7%) | 2 (8.3%) | 1 (3.4%) | |
| 1 (asx) | 1 (1.9%) | 1 (4.2%) | 0 (0%) | |
| 1 (hypotension but likely 2/2 to other conditions) | 1 (1.9%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (3.4%) | |
| 2 | 4 (7.5%) | 3 (13%) | 1 (3.4%) | |
| 2 (cardiac MRI with signs of prior myocarditis but not active) | 1 (1.9%) | 1 (4.2%) | 0 (0%) | |
| 2 (could be 1, had mild dyspnea likely attribuate to concurrent irae pneumonitis) | 1 (1.9%) | 1 (4.2%) | 0 (0%) | |
| 2 (had cMRI that does not seem conclusive for myocarditis, had CP) | 1 (1.9%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (3.4%) | |
| 2 (Had CP but likely due to pericardial effusion) | 1 (1.9%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (3.4%) | |
| 2 (mildly reduced EF but no clear sx) | 1 (1.9%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (3.4%) | |
| 2 (new DOE) | 1 (1.9%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (3.4%) | |
| 2 (normal echo, ? cardiogenic syncope) | 1 (1.9%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (3.4%) | |
| 2 (unstable but for other reasons) | 1 (1.9%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (3.4%) | |
| 2/3 (Formal MRI didn't read myocarditis, but per notes Dr. Kwan thought was consistent) | 1 (1.9%) | 1 (4.2%) | 0 (0%) | |
| 3 | 20 (38%) | 8 (33%) | 12 (41%) | |
| 3 (based on MRI) | 1 (1.9%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (3.4%) | |
| 3 (cMRI 11/2022 with myocarditis) | 1 (1.9%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (3.4%) | |
| 3 (cMRI suggestive and TTE with known apical akinesis iso scar) | 1 (1.9%) | 1 (4.2%) | 0 (0%) | |
| 3 (EF 25 - 30% w/ sx but no instability) | 1 (1.9%) | 1 (4.2%) | 0 (0%) | |
| 3 (EF drop w/ CP but no instability) | 1 (1.9%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (3.4%) | |
| 3 (In MICU but for AHRF 2/2 lung dz) | 1 (1.9%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (3.4%) | |
| 3 (MRI read equivocal but seems real enough) | 1 (1.9%) | 1 (4.2%) | 0 (0%) | |
| 4 | 7 (13%) | 4 (17%) | 3 (10%) | |
| 4 (aggressively worsening trops despite immunosupp, hypotension likely iso sepsis but seems like grade 4) | 1 (1.9%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (3.4%) | |
| Prolonged immunosuppression | 31 (62%) | 12 (52%) | 19 (70%) | 0.2 |
| Number of non-HLA positive beads | 4 (1, 12) | 1 (1, 5) | 7 (3, 14) | 0.054 |
| Metastatic cancer | 12 (71%) | 6 (60%) | 6 (86%) | 0.3 |
| Hypertension | 49 (92%) | 23 (96%) | 26 (90%) | 0.6 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 43 (81%) | 19 (79%) | 24 (83%) | >0.9 |
| Coronary artery disease | 35 (66%) | 17 (71%) | 18 (62%) | 0.5 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 14 (26%) | 7 (29%) | 7 (24%) | 0.7 |
| Heart failure | 18 (34%) | 6 (25%) | 12 (41%) | 0.2 |
| Valvular disease | 3 (5.7%) | 2 (8.3%) | 1 (3.4%) | 0.6 |
| Ipilimumab (IPI) | 14 (26%) | 4 (17%) | 10 (34%) | 0.14 |
| Nivolumab (NIVO) | 21 (40%) | 9 (38%) | 12 (41%) | 0.8 |
| Pembrolizumab (PEMBRO) | 27 (51%) | 11 (46%) | 16 (55%) | 0.5 |
| Durvalumab (DURVA) | 5 (9.4%) | 2 (8.3%) | 3 (10%) | >0.9 |
| Atezolizumab (ATEZO) | 4 (7.5%) | 2 (8.3%) | 2 (6.9%) | >0.9 |
| Days from initial ICI exposure to presentation | 58 (34, 333) | 56 (35, 264) | 77 (32, 515) | 0.6 |
| Pulse-dose steroids given | 51 (96%) | 23 (96%) | 28 (97%) | >0.9 |
| Prolonged steroid course after pulse | 26 (49%) | 13 (54%) | 13 (45%) | 0.5 |
| Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) | 31 (58%) | 15 (63%) | 16 (55%) | 0.6 |
| Abatacept | 21 (40%) | 10 (42%) | 11 (38%) | 0.8 |
| IVIG | 13 (25%) | 5 (21%) | 8 (28%) | 0.6 |
| Infliximab | 2 (3.8%) | 1 (4.2%) | 1 (3.4%) | >0.9 |
| Tofacitinib | 15 (28%) | 8 (33%) | 7 (24%) | 0.5 |
| Any immunosuppression escalation | 30 (57%) | 11 (46%) | 19 (66%) | 0.2 |
| Number of immunosuppression escalations | 1.00 (0.00, 1.00) | 0.50 (0.00, 1.00) | 1.00 (0.00, 1.00) | 0.3 |
| LVEF (%) — clinical | 54 (43, 62) | 54 (41, 59) | 58 (43, 64) | 0.5 |
| RVEF (%) — clinical | 49 (43, 52) | 46 (39, 50) | 50 (45, 58) | 0.12 |
| Cardiomyopathy etiology | 0.2 | |||
| 10 (23%) | 6 (30%) | 4 (17%) | ||
| 0 | 1 (2.3%) | 1 (5.0%) | 0 (0%) | |
| both | 4 (9.1%) | 0 (0%) | 4 (17%) | |
| ischemic | 1 (2.3%) | 1 (5.0%) | 0 (0%) | |
| ischemic_nonischemic_both_sheet_4 | 3 (6.8%) | 1 (5.0%) | 2 (8.3%) | |
| nonischemic | 25 (57%) | 11 (55%) | 14 (58%) | |
| Other irAEs | 0.7 | |||
| 51 (96%) | 23 (96%) | 28 (97%) | ||
| myositis, MG myocarditis | 1 (1.9%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (3.4%) | |
| pneumonitis | 1 (1.9%) | 1 (4.2%) | 0 (0%) | |
| Native T1, CMR (ms) | 992 (964, 1,016) | 1,004 (982, 1,020) | 977 (953, 1,015) | 0.4 |
| ECV, CMR (%) — categories | 30.0 (26.0, 35.0) | 28.5 (26.0, 35.0) | 31.0 (23.0, 36.0) | 0.8 |
| T2 (0=normal, 1=elevated) | 19 (50%) | 8 (44%) | 11 (55%) | 0.5 |
| LGE burden, CMR (% LV mass) | 7 (0, 14) | 6 (0, 10) | 10 (4, 19) | 0.059 |
| CM outcome (1 = event) | 16 (89%) | 7 (88%) | 9 (90%) | >0.9 |
| LVEF, CMR (%) | 59 (47, 64) | 60 (53, 62) | 58 (47, 65) | 0.9 |
| RVEF, CMR (%) | 52 (47, 56) | 52 (49, 54) | 50 (44, 58) | >0.9 |
| LV wall thickness (AP), mm | 10.00 (8.00, 11.00) | 10.00 (8.00, 11.00) | 11.00 (8.00, 12.00) | 0.3 |
| LV wall thickness (PL), mm | 8.00 (7.00, 10.00) | 8.00 (6.00, 9.00) | 8.50 (7.00, 10.00) | 0.2 |
| Global radial strain, CMR (%) | 26 (20, 36) | 28 (20, 31) | 25 (21, 36) | 0.5 |
| Global circumferential strain, CMR (%) | -16.8 (-19.8, -13.6) | -17.8 (-18.3, -13.0) | -15.3 (-20.0, -13.8) | 0.9 |
| Global longitudinal strain (GLS), CMR (%) | -13.1 (-15.5, -10.0) | -14.0 (-16.7, -11.9) | -11.2 (-15.3, -9.1) | 0.2 |
| Abnormal GLS | 36 (86%) | 16 (89%) | 20 (83%) | 0.7 |
| MAPSE — anterior (mm) | 9.8 (6.3, 12.4) | 10.4 (6.1, 14.7) | 9.4 (7.2, 12.2) | 0.3 |
| MAPSE — inferior (mm) | 11.2 (9.7, 14.5) | 13.0 (10.0, 14.6) | 10.7 (9.4, 13.8) | 0.4 |
| MAPSE — mean (mm) | 10.6 (7.9, 12.7) | 11.6 (7.1, 13.6) | 10.1 (8.0, 12.5) | 0.5 |
| remove_variavle | ||||
| 1 | 2 (100%) | 1 (100%) | 1 (100%) | |
| at1r_bracket_num | 11 (7, 17) | 7 (6, 9) | 15 (12, 22) | <0.001 |
| myocarditis_severity_num | 0.9 | |||
| 1 | 5 (9.4%) | 3 (13%) | 2 (6.9%) | |
| 2 | 13 (25%) | 6 (25%) | 7 (24%) | |
| 3 | 27 (51%) | 11 (46%) | 16 (55%) | |
| 4 | 8 (15%) | 4 (17%) | 4 (14%) | |
| 1 Median (Q1, Q3); n (%) | ||||
| 2 Wilcoxon rank sum test; Pearson’s Chi-squared test; Fisher’s exact test; NA | ||||
Removed all “at risk”
| Characteristic | Overall N = 371 |
negative N = 241 |
positive N = 131 |
p-value2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age at time of sample (years) | 75 (68, 80) | 75 (69, 80) | 77 (67, 80) | >0.9 |
| Female sex | 17 (46%) | 10 (42%) | 7 (54%) | 0.5 |
| Race | 0.3 | |||
| asian | 1 (2.7%) | 1 (4.2%) | 0 (0%) | |
| black/aa | 4 (11%) | 4 (17%) | 0 (0%) | |
| white | 32 (86%) | 19 (79%) | 13 (100%) | |
| Ethnicity | 0.4 | |||
| hispanic/latinx | 1 (2.7%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (7.7%) | |
| not hispanic/latinx | 36 (97%) | 24 (100%) | 12 (92%) | |
| Number of immune-related adverse events (iRAEs) | 2 (1, 3) | 2 (1, 3) | 2 (1, 4) | 0.5 |
| AT1R antibody interpretation | <0.001 | |||
| negative | 24 (65%) | 24 (100%) | 0 (0%) | |
| positive | 13 (35%) | 0 (0%) | 13 (100%) | |
| Death | 15 (41%) | 9 (38%) | 6 (46%) | 0.6 |
| Heart failure at baseline | 7 (19%) | 4 (17%) | 3 (23%) | 0.7 |
| Heart failure at outcome | >0.9 | |||
| 0 | 26 (70%) | 17 (71%) | 9 (69%) | |
| 1 | 11 (30%) | 7 (29%) | 4 (31%) | |
| Arrhythmia at baseline | >0.9 | |||
| 0 | 24 (65%) | 16 (67%) | 8 (62%) | |
| 1 | 13 (35%) | 8 (33%) | 5 (38%) | |
| Arrhythmia at outcome | 0.6 | |||
| 0 | 22 (59%) | 15 (63%) | 7 (54%) | |
| 1 | 15 (41%) | 9 (38%) | 6 (46%) | |
| New arrhythmia | 12 (32%) | 7 (29%) | 5 (38%) | 0.7 |
| ACE inhibitor or ARB use | 0.079 | |||
| 0 | 26 (70%) | 14 (58%) | 12 (92%) | |
| 0 on admission, started lisinopril 3/17/2022 | 1 (2.7%) | 1 (4.2%) | 0 (0%) | |
| 1 | 10 (27%) | 9 (38%) | 1 (7.7%) | |
| Spironolactone (aldactone) use | ||||
| 0 | 37 (100%) | 24 (100%) | 13 (100%) | |
| SGLT2 inhibitor use | 3 (8.1%) | 3 (13%) | 0 (0%) | 0.5 |
| Beta-blocker use | 0.8 | |||
| 0 | 21 (57%) | 12 (50%) | 9 (69%) | |
| 1 | 14 (38%) | 10 (42%) | 4 (31%) | |
| 1 (atenolol) | 1 (2.7%) | 1 (4.2%) | 0 (0%) | |
| 1 (nadolol) | 1 (2.7%) | 1 (4.2%) | 0 (0%) | |
| myocarditis_severty_adjudication | >0.9 | |||
| 1 | 3 (8.1%) | 2 (8.3%) | 1 (7.7%) | |
| 1 (asx) | 1 (2.7%) | 1 (4.2%) | 0 (0%) | |
| 1 (hypotension but likely 2/2 to other conditions) | 1 (2.7%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (7.7%) | |
| 2 | 4 (11%) | 3 (13%) | 1 (7.7%) | |
| 2 (cardiac MRI with signs of prior myocarditis but not active) | 1 (2.7%) | 1 (4.2%) | 0 (0%) | |
| 2 (could be 1, had mild dyspnea likely attribuate to concurrent irae pneumonitis) | 1 (2.7%) | 1 (4.2%) | 0 (0%) | |
| 2 (new DOE) | 1 (2.7%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (7.7%) | |
| 2 (normal echo, ? cardiogenic syncope) | 1 (2.7%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (7.7%) | |
| 2/3 (Formal MRI didn't read myocarditis, but per notes Dr. Kwan thought was consistent) | 1 (2.7%) | 1 (4.2%) | 0 (0%) | |
| 3 | 14 (38%) | 8 (33%) | 6 (46%) | |
| 3 (cMRI suggestive and TTE with known apical akinesis iso scar) | 1 (2.7%) | 1 (4.2%) | 0 (0%) | |
| 3 (EF 25 - 30% w/ sx but no instability) | 1 (2.7%) | 1 (4.2%) | 0 (0%) | |
| 3 (MRI read equivocal but seems real enough) | 1 (2.7%) | 1 (4.2%) | 0 (0%) | |
| 4 | 6 (16%) | 4 (17%) | 2 (15%) | |
| Prolonged immunosuppression | 23 (68%) | 12 (52%) | 11 (100%) | 0.006 |
| Number of non-HLA positive beads | 5 (1, 15) | 1 (1, 5) | 17 (12, 28) | 0.039 |
| Metastatic cancer | 9 (64%) | 6 (60%) | 3 (75%) | >0.9 |
| Hypertension | 34 (92%) | 23 (96%) | 11 (85%) | 0.3 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 30 (81%) | 19 (79%) | 11 (85%) | >0.9 |
| Coronary artery disease | 27 (73%) | 17 (71%) | 10 (77%) | >0.9 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 9 (24%) | 7 (29%) | 2 (15%) | 0.4 |
| Heart failure | 12 (32%) | 6 (25%) | 6 (46%) | 0.3 |
| Valvular disease | 3 (8.1%) | 2 (8.3%) | 1 (7.7%) | >0.9 |
| Ipilimumab (IPI) | 9 (24%) | 4 (17%) | 5 (38%) | 0.2 |
| Nivolumab (NIVO) | 14 (38%) | 9 (38%) | 5 (38%) | >0.9 |
| Pembrolizumab (PEMBRO) | 19 (51%) | 11 (46%) | 8 (62%) | 0.4 |
| Durvalumab (DURVA) | 4 (11%) | 2 (8.3%) | 2 (15%) | 0.6 |
| Atezolizumab (ATEZO) | 2 (5.4%) | 2 (8.3%) | 0 (0%) | 0.5 |
| Days from initial ICI exposure to presentation | 58 (35, 333) | 56 (35, 264) | 82 (35, 907) | 0.4 |
| Pulse-dose steroids given | 35 (95%) | 23 (96%) | 12 (92%) | >0.9 |
| Prolonged steroid course after pulse | 21 (57%) | 13 (54%) | 8 (62%) | 0.7 |
| Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) | 24 (65%) | 15 (63%) | 9 (69%) | 0.7 |
| Abatacept | 17 (46%) | 10 (42%) | 7 (54%) | 0.5 |
| IVIG | 11 (30%) | 5 (21%) | 6 (46%) | 0.14 |
| Infliximab | 2 (5.4%) | 1 (4.2%) | 1 (7.7%) | >0.9 |
| Tofacitinib | 11 (30%) | 8 (33%) | 3 (23%) | 0.7 |
| Any immunosuppression escalation | 22 (59%) | 11 (46%) | 11 (85%) | 0.022 |
| Number of immunosuppression escalations | 1.00 (0.00, 1.00) | 0.50 (0.00, 1.00) | 1.00 (1.00, 2.00) | 0.047 |
| LVEF (%) — clinical | 58 (53, 62) | 54 (41, 59) | 61 (58, 64) | 0.080 |
| RVEF (%) — clinical | 48 (43, 52) | 46 (39, 50) | 54 (45, 66) | 0.12 |
| Cardiomyopathy etiology | 0.6 | |||
| 9 (29%) | 6 (30%) | 3 (27%) | ||
| 0 | 1 (3.2%) | 1 (5.0%) | 0 (0%) | |
| both | 1 (3.2%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (9.1%) | |
| ischemic | 1 (3.2%) | 1 (5.0%) | 0 (0%) | |
| ischemic_nonischemic_both_sheet_4 | 3 (9.7%) | 1 (5.0%) | 2 (18%) | |
| nonischemic | 16 (52%) | 11 (55%) | 5 (45%) | |
| Other irAEs | 0.6 | |||
| 35 (95%) | 23 (96%) | 12 (92%) | ||
| myositis, MG myocarditis | 1 (2.7%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (7.7%) | |
| pneumonitis | 1 (2.7%) | 1 (4.2%) | 0 (0%) | |
| Native T1, CMR (ms) | 992 (957, 1,016) | 1,004 (982, 1,020) | 965 (938, 1,012) | 0.2 |
| ECV, CMR (%) — categories | 28.5 (26.0, 36.0) | 28.5 (26.0, 35.0) | 31.0 (24.5, 38.0) | 0.7 |
| T2 (0=normal, 1=elevated) | 14 (48%) | 8 (44%) | 6 (55%) | 0.6 |
| LGE burden, CMR (% LV mass) | 7 (0, 14) | 6 (0, 10) | 12 (4, 30) | 0.050 |
| CM outcome (1 = event) | 9 (82%) | 7 (88%) | 2 (67%) | 0.5 |
| LVEF, CMR (%) | 60 (54, 64) | 60 (53, 62) | 63 (58, 68) | 0.2 |
| RVEF, CMR (%) | 52 (49, 57) | 52 (49, 54) | 54 (50, 58) | 0.3 |
| LV wall thickness (AP), mm | 10.00 (8.00, 11.00) | 10.00 (8.00, 11.00) | 9.00 (7.00, 11.00) | >0.9 |
| LV wall thickness (PL), mm | 8.50 (7.00, 9.00) | 8.00 (6.00, 9.00) | 9.00 (7.00, 10.00) | 0.2 |
| Global radial strain, CMR (%) | 29 (22, 36) | 28 (20, 31) | 35 (25, 37) | 0.086 |
| Global circumferential strain, CMR (%) | -18.1 (-20.2, -14.8) | -17.8 (-18.3, -13.0) | -19.2 (-20.6, -15.7) | 0.2 |
| Global longitudinal strain (GLS), CMR (%) | -14.7 (-16.7, -11.9) | -14.0 (-16.7, -11.9) | -15.3 (-17.6, -10.8) | 0.7 |
| Abnormal GLS | 25 (83%) | 16 (89%) | 9 (75%) | 0.4 |
| MAPSE — anterior (mm) | 10.4 (7.3, 13.4) | 10.4 (6.1, 14.7) | 10.4 (7.3, 12.2) | >0.9 |
| MAPSE — inferior (mm) | 12.4 (9.9, 14.5) | 13.0 (10.0, 14.6) | 11.2 (9.9, 13.8) | 0.7 |
| MAPSE — mean (mm) | 11.7 (8.6, 13.6) | 11.6 (7.1, 13.6) | 11.7 (8.9, 12.5) | 0.9 |
| remove_variavle | ||||
| 1 | 1 (100%) | 1 (100%) | 0 (NA%) | |
| at1r_bracket_num | 9 (6, 21) | 7 (6, 9) | 23 (20, 31) | <0.001 |
| myocarditis_severity_num | >0.9 | |||
| 1 | 5 (14%) | 3 (13%) | 2 (15%) | |
| 2 | 9 (24%) | 6 (25%) | 3 (23%) | |
| 3 | 17 (46%) | 11 (46%) | 6 (46%) | |
| 4 | 6 (16%) | 4 (17%) | 2 (15%) | |
| 1 Median (Q1, Q3); n (%) | ||||
| 2 Wilcoxon rank sum test; Pearson’s Chi-squared test; Fisher’s exact test; NA; Wilcoxon rank sum exact test | ||||
Clean table for abstract
| Characteristic | Overall N = 371 |
negative N = 241 |
positive N = 131 |
p-value2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age at time of sample (years) | 75 (68, 80) | 75 (69, 80) | 77 (67, 80) | >0.9 |
| Female sex | 17 (46%) | 10 (42%) | 7 (54%) | 0.5 |
| Race | 0.3 | |||
| asian | 1 (2.7%) | 1 (4.2%) | 0 (0%) | |
| black/aa | 4 (11%) | 4 (17%) | 0 (0%) | |
| white | 32 (86%) | 19 (79%) | 13 (100%) | |
| Ethnicity | 0.4 | |||
| hispanic/latinx | 1 (2.7%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (7.7%) | |
| not hispanic/latinx | 36 (97%) | 24 (100%) | 12 (92%) | |
| Death | 15 (41%) | 9 (38%) | 6 (46%) | 0.6 |
| Prolonged immunosuppression | 23 (68%) | 12 (52%) | 11 (100%) | 0.006 |
| Number of non-HLA positive beads | 5 (1, 15) | 1 (1, 5) | 17 (12, 28) | 0.039 |
| Hypertension | 34 (92%) | 23 (96%) | 11 (85%) | 0.3 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 30 (81%) | 19 (79%) | 11 (85%) | >0.9 |
| Coronary artery disease | 27 (73%) | 17 (71%) | 10 (77%) | >0.9 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 9 (24%) | 7 (29%) | 2 (15%) | 0.4 |
| Heart failure | 12 (32%) | 6 (25%) | 6 (46%) | 0.3 |
| LGE burden, CMR (% LV mass) | 7 (0, 14) | 6 (0, 10) | 12 (4, 30) | 0.050 |
| LVEF, CMR (%) | 60 (54, 64) | 60 (53, 62) | 63 (58, 68) | 0.2 |
| RVEF, CMR (%) | 52 (49, 57) | 52 (49, 54) | 54 (50, 58) | 0.3 |
| LV wall thickness (AP), mm | 10.00 (8.00, 11.00) | 10.00 (8.00, 11.00) | 9.00 (7.00, 11.00) | >0.9 |
| LV wall thickness (PL), mm | 8.50 (7.00, 9.00) | 8.00 (6.00, 9.00) | 9.00 (7.00, 10.00) | 0.2 |
| Global radial strain, CMR (%) | 29 (22, 36) | 28 (20, 31) | 35 (25, 37) | 0.086 |
| Global circumferential strain, CMR (%) | -18.1 (-20.2, -14.8) | -17.8 (-18.3, -13.0) | -19.2 (-20.6, -15.7) | 0.2 |
| Global longitudinal strain (GLS), CMR (%) | -14.7 (-16.7, -11.9) | -14.0 (-16.7, -11.9) | -15.3 (-17.6, -10.8) | 0.7 |
| Abnormal GLS | 25 (83%) | 16 (89%) | 9 (75%) | 0.4 |
| 1 Median (Q1, Q3); n (%) | ||||
| 2 Wilcoxon rank sum test; Pearson’s Chi-squared test; Fisher’s exact test | ||||
Comparison by immunosupression escalation variable
| Characteristic | Overall N = 531 |
no escalation N = 231 |
yes escalation N = 301 |
p-value2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age at time of sample (years) | 75 (68, 79) | 73 (63, 77) | 76 (68, 79) | 0.3 |
| Female sex | 24 (45%) | 11 (48%) | 13 (43%) | 0.7 |
| Race | 0.2 | |||
| asian | 1 (1.9%) | 1 (4.3%) | 0 (0%) | |
| black/aa | 6 (11%) | 4 (17%) | 2 (6.7%) | |
| white | 46 (87%) | 18 (78%) | 28 (93%) | |
| Ethnicity | >0.9 | |||
| hispanic/latinx | 1 (1.9%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (3.3%) | |
| not hispanic/latinx | 52 (98%) | 23 (100%) | 29 (97%) | |
| Death | 22 (42%) | 7 (30%) | 15 (52%) | 0.12 |
| Prolonged immunosuppression | 31 (62%) | 1 (5.0%) | 30 (100%) | <0.001 |
| Number of non-HLA positive beads | 4 (1, 12) | 4 (1, 7) | 11 (1, 17) | 0.2 |
| Hypertension | 49 (92%) | 22 (96%) | 27 (90%) | 0.6 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 43 (81%) | 18 (78%) | 25 (83%) | 0.7 |
| Coronary artery disease | 35 (66%) | 17 (74%) | 18 (60%) | 0.3 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 14 (26%) | 7 (30%) | 7 (23%) | 0.6 |
| Heart failure | 18 (34%) | 6 (26%) | 12 (40%) | 0.3 |
| LGE burden, CMR (% LV mass) | 7 (0, 14) | 9 (0, 14) | 7 (3, 13) | 0.6 |
| LVEF, CMR (%) | 59 (47, 64) | 53 (41, 60) | 63 (58, 65) | 0.004 |
| RVEF, CMR (%) | 52 (47, 56) | 50 (37, 54) | 52 (48, 58) | 0.13 |
| LV wall thickness (AP), mm | 10.00 (8.00, 11.00) | 10.00 (8.00, 12.00) | 10.00 (8.00, 11.00) | 0.5 |
| LV wall thickness (PL), mm | 8.00 (7.00, 10.00) | 8.00 (7.00, 10.00) | 8.00 (7.00, 9.00) | 0.7 |
| Global radial strain, CMR (%) | 26 (20, 36) | 22 (18, 29) | 30 (22, 38) | 0.028 |
| Global circumferential strain, CMR (%) | -16.8 (-19.8, -13.6) | -15.1 (-18.0, -12.7) | -18.1 (-20.6, -14.8) | 0.036 |
| Global longitudinal strain (GLS), CMR (%) | -13.1 (-15.5, -10.0) | -12.1 (-14.9, -8.8) | -13.6 (-17.8, -10.8) | 0.2 |
| Abnormal GLS | 36 (86%) | 17 (94%) | 19 (79%) | 0.2 |
| 1 Median (Q1, Q3); n (%) | ||||
| 2 Wilcoxon rank sum test; Pearson’s Chi-squared test; Fisher’s exact test | ||||
