Raisin_Dataset <- read.csv(
"C:/Users/ASUS/OneDrive/Documents/Semester 4/Analisis Multivariat/Tugas Week 1/Raisin_Data.csv"
)
str(Raisin_Dataset)## 'data.frame': 900 obs. of 8 variables:
## $ Area : int 87524 75166 90856 45928 79408 49242 42492 60952 42256 64380 ...
## $ MajorAxisLength: num 442 407 442 287 352 ...
## $ MinorAxisLength: num 253 243 266 209 291 ...
## $ Eccentricity : num 0.82 0.802 0.798 0.685 0.564 ...
## $ ConvexArea : int 90546 78789 93717 47336 81463 51368 43904 62329 44743 66125 ...
## $ Extent : num 0.759 0.684 0.638 0.7 0.793 ...
## $ Perimeter : num 1184 1122 1209 844 1073 ...
## $ Class : chr "Kecimen" "Kecimen" "Kecimen" "Kecimen" ...Pada kode R Raisin_Dataset <- read.csv( untuk baca
dataset dari file CSV lalu menyimpannya dengan nama Raisin_Datasetl.
Lalu, untuk path yang panjang merupakan lokasi file saya yang tersimpan
di penyimpanan saya di laptop. Kemudian, perlu cek struktur data
menggunakan kode str() sehingga output akan menampilkan
jumlah data, jumlah variabel dan tipe data tiap variabel dataset
Raisin_Dataset <-Raisin_Dataset[, sapply(Raisin_Dataset, is.numeric)]
Raisin_Dataset## Area MajorAxisLength MinorAxisLength Eccentricity ConvexArea Extent
## 1 87524 442.2460 253.2912 0.8197384 90546 0.7586506
## 2 75166 406.6907 243.0324 0.8018052 78789 0.6841296
## 3 90856 442.2670 266.3283 0.7983536 93717 0.6376128
## 4 45928 286.5406 208.7600 0.6849892 47336 0.6995994
## 5 79408 352.1908 290.8275 0.5640113 81463 0.7927719
## 6 49242 318.1254 200.1221 0.7773513 51368 0.6584564
## 7 42492 310.1461 176.1314 0.8230987 43904 0.6658936
## 8 60952 332.4555 235.4298 0.7060575 62329 0.7435982
## 9 42256 323.1896 172.5759 0.8454988 44743 0.6980309
## 10 64380 366.9648 227.7716 0.7840556 66125 0.6643757
## 11 80437 449.4546 232.3255 0.8560425 84460 0.6742358
## 12 43725 301.3222 186.9506 0.7842585 45021 0.6970682
## 13 43441 276.6108 201.8131 0.6838823 45133 0.6908556
## 14 76792 338.8575 291.3592 0.5105838 78842 0.7723222
## 15 74167 387.7989 247.8581 0.7690897 76807 0.6801816
## 16 33565 261.5543 167.7085 0.7673743 35794 0.6815505
## 17 64670 403.0840 206.4846 0.8588292 66419 0.7567726
## 18 64762 354.2939 235.7525 0.7464737 66713 0.6949980
## 19 43295 304.2845 182.8110 0.7994070 44714 0.7138382
## 20 70699 418.6986 216.5961 0.8557994 72363 0.7280751
## 21 69726 354.1769 252.5292 0.7011610 71849 0.7343985
## 22 57346 330.4784 222.4437 0.7395550 59365 0.7236088
## 23 82028 397.1150 268.3338 0.7371694 84427 0.6863751
## 24 61251 301.5078 273.6599 0.4197537 64732 0.6435957
## 25 96277 447.1345 275.2162 0.7881284 97865 0.7040572
## 26 75620 368.2243 263.4593 0.6986273 77493 0.7262774
## 27 73167 340.0552 276.0152 0.5841058 74545 0.7787369
## 28 60847 336.9239 231.4657 0.7266602 62492 0.6985878
## 29 81021 347.7501 297.6406 0.5171349 82552 0.7575596
## 30 59902 358.5919 222.9020 0.7833320 63250 0.7441242
## 31 88745 429.7704 265.6902 0.7860095 90715 0.7520635
## 32 41809 307.5327 175.0856 0.8221137 43838 0.6974444
## 33 75329 364.2308 265.8669 0.6835105 77541 0.7230797
## 34 61600 350.1828 225.8428 0.7642431 63397 0.7468296
## 35 46427 253.8420 235.9068 0.3692125 48275 0.6842191
## 36 40861 249.7402 213.5733 0.5183283 43096 0.7430894
## 37 55827 305.2988 234.6612 0.6396961 57724 0.7032880
## 38 54182 366.0667 192.0133 0.8513914 56450 0.6114177
## 39 77468 405.9366 245.9898 0.7954792 79220 0.7215454
## 40 49882 287.2643 222.1859 0.6338519 50880 0.7663778
## 41 95245 397.0941 307.2739 0.6334223 97988 0.7530440
## 42 71464 364.1031 253.7969 0.7170255 73265 0.7154843
## 43 77055 375.2501 262.8124 0.7137839 79255 0.7322671
## 44 92384 368.4062 320.7146 0.4920869 93772 0.7490068
## 45 77310 436.5299 228.2804 0.8523675 80138 0.6317209
## 46 57580 330.2284 232.0554 0.7114746 60232 0.6451035
## 47 69708 375.4473 239.1328 0.7709235 71321 0.7271779
## 48 41502 260.5127 205.8650 0.6128099 43114 0.8243192
## 49 45800 330.0087 181.6659 0.8348430 47802 0.7326828
## 50 52623 311.9968 218.0411 0.7152614 54175 0.6751905
## 51 44939 317.6167 183.3152 0.8166321 46400 0.6561779
## 52 114648 508.1289 288.9540 0.8225708 118314 0.6819050
## 53 65727 403.1943 210.0733 0.8535430 67372 0.6169811
## 54 45683 333.2625 177.7721 0.8458445 48787 0.6342307
## 55 111450 478.3110 298.6306 0.7811495 113256 0.6900929
## 56 47581 306.8119 203.0975 0.7495383 49203 0.6677754
## 57 57127 311.6446 238.6419 0.6431380 59943 0.6936255
## 58 53006 333.3814 206.8807 0.7841647 55456 0.6916954
## 59 69060 328.4889 275.8889 0.5427832 72223 0.7270239
## 60 25387 225.6295 144.6187 0.7675774 26139 0.6781440
## 61 66774 348.5580 246.4763 0.7070823 69097 0.6924465
## 62 47839 312.6013 198.7513 0.7718555 50166 0.7027706
## 63 78571 443.8223 228.7576 0.8569340 81718 0.6421928
## 64 64717 342.5767 245.7320 0.6967592 66649 0.6625410
## 65 60462 373.3428 208.1086 0.8302309 62213 0.6656831
## 66 59370 345.9492 221.9220 0.7671338 61464 0.6974859
## 67 54056 332.2676 208.6190 0.7783228 55539 0.6745533
## 68 89235 443.5159 258.9467 0.8118616 91201 0.6551906
## 69 51727 321.1271 208.7668 0.7598433 52913 0.7518896
## 70 71595 387.3097 236.7512 0.7914214 74045 0.7185367
## 71 95347 451.5262 280.2262 0.7841115 99256 0.6749561
## 72 60449 383.8002 208.1688 0.8401279 64346 0.6763449
## 73 69006 379.3178 241.8503 0.7703736 72895 0.6974530
## 74 68520 373.2356 237.0415 0.7724309 70759 0.7128589
## 75 52731 309.9773 219.7254 0.7053659 54438 0.6958800
## 76 50570 311.3448 208.3179 0.7431808 51743 0.7208633
## 77 75825 391.2043 248.5003 0.7723323 77437 0.7453700
## 78 42637 293.4296 189.4322 0.7636930 44052 0.7251190
## 79 76984 425.0482 233.9734 0.8348593 78641 0.7587546
## 80 47851 323.1525 191.6110 0.8052446 49187 0.7732370
## 81 51220 328.6476 202.5089 0.7875987 52903 0.6924710
## 82 53890 331.0863 216.5795 0.7563666 57109 0.7044444
## 83 58650 346.3390 219.6844 0.7730833 62380 0.6602871
## 84 98935 387.5169 326.8987 0.5370149 100747 0.7404206
## 85 77587 396.8076 251.9449 0.7725699 79970 0.7038646
## 86 180898 843.9567 323.1906 0.9237704 221396 0.4541889
## 87 71266 390.7072 235.6868 0.7975663 73002 0.6606289
## 88 39457 267.5569 188.7652 0.7086960 40472 0.6975762
## 89 35237 267.5538 173.5251 0.7611622 37418 0.7068322
## 90 49059 301.8004 210.4672 0.7167091 50835 0.6986073
## 91 53896 319.0720 217.6957 0.7310932 55392 0.7459447
## 92 56469 325.3414 225.1150 0.7219601 58697 0.6857361
## 93 85156 422.2791 260.2106 0.7875856 87057 0.7025609
## 94 67044 361.2554 238.2264 0.7517567 68626 0.7569435
## 95 52243 331.4511 206.7596 0.7815831 55774 0.7144342
## 96 38968 269.4020 185.7276 0.7243745 40147 0.7375833
## 97 79661 360.0734 282.7390 0.6192093 81032 0.7791569
## 98 59282 329.2426 233.7746 0.7041636 60580 0.7259257
## 99 48177 305.7845 202.4662 0.7493974 49877 0.6776426
## 100 74904 342.8963 280.1156 0.5767646 75898 0.7317416
## 101 81581 424.2783 245.5075 0.8155779 83143 0.7623823
## 102 57820 376.1912 199.7971 0.8473059 59968 0.7147802
## 103 57808 309.9717 241.3665 0.6274302 58954 0.7103465
## 104 55306 353.1546 204.1268 0.8160298 57396 0.7439902
## 105 59459 347.1552 222.1095 0.7685424 61585 0.7096193
## 106 44247 319.7903 178.6479 0.8294096 45872 0.6776372
## 107 48945 269.3704 239.1622 0.4601212 51456 0.7112445
## 108 68864 343.6762 261.9884 0.6472099 71726 0.6983470
## 109 82826 396.7059 269.7629 0.7332055 84981 0.7454347
## 110 65396 331.5384 253.2430 0.6454034 66783 0.7648297
## 111 81572 393.7162 265.8146 0.7376871 84964 0.6982708
## 112 44367 322.5040 176.7090 0.8365255 46531 0.7329996
## 113 51448 328.2896 202.1604 0.7879033 52772 0.7048057
## 114 50545 286.8713 227.1597 0.6107127 51771 0.8354545
## 115 94063 448.1211 276.6078 0.7867582 99085 0.7092938
## 116 84129 413.0346 261.6431 0.7737710 86242 0.7138348
## 117 79735 410.9979 250.2208 0.7933139 83306 0.7490441
## 118 90176 390.2073 294.7622 0.6552651 91793 0.7625490
## 119 61492 356.4260 224.1631 0.7774708 65298 0.6908437
## 120 79532 367.5260 277.2242 0.6565321 81603 0.7351142
## 121 69302 354.9637 254.4528 0.6972359 71843 0.7011534
## 122 52266 320.4426 213.8575 0.7447158 54116 0.6842891
## 123 51180 288.6311 226.6305 0.6192538 52396 0.7374427
## 124 55787 333.7035 226.9512 0.7331208 59520 0.6885924
## 125 96064 411.2071 303.2325 0.6754341 99609 0.7313311
## 126 54316 351.8053 198.4175 0.8257760 55960 0.6558953
## 127 70941 326.0112 278.1027 0.5218350 72330 0.7601093
## 128 55770 293.5807 243.4806 0.5587319 57633 0.7401656
## 129 47478 299.8186 205.2961 0.7287927 48900 0.7209147
## 130 88197 473.2867 238.7385 0.8634545 90297 0.6584568
## 131 74728 355.3105 270.7409 0.6475960 76287 0.7666769
## 132 70788 362.6508 249.4037 0.7259720 71954 0.7461579
## 133 48894 318.0989 197.4955 0.7839199 50468 0.6638156
## 134 52051 313.7033 213.6317 0.7322840 53550 0.6950513
## 135 53270 336.1489 204.3071 0.7940998 55288 0.6936921
## 136 57227 354.4311 207.5950 0.8105183 59307 0.6499818
## 137 97026 455.9716 273.0538 0.8008690 99561 0.6712047
## 138 58495 368.7395 205.7579 0.8298387 61496 0.6301032
## 139 53758 359.5316 193.4009 0.8429930 57197 0.7102954
## 140 110616 461.1446 306.8991 0.7463836 112150 0.7523977
## 141 49175 281.4314 224.4859 0.6031106 50672 0.7276130
## 142 53698 348.2232 197.7529 0.8231037 56089 0.7313413
## 143 73125 408.9408 231.2190 0.8248103 75540 0.6565126
## 144 50445 308.3589 208.8552 0.7356957 51555 0.7232258
## 145 46742 303.5552 199.4459 0.7538614 48077 0.7052628
## 146 69317 393.3990 228.7229 0.8136166 72170 0.6616743
## 147 75314 392.6516 246.0757 0.7792587 77118 0.7047122
## 148 54428 339.1147 206.6458 0.7928872 56175 0.7233918
## 149 39509 286.2316 180.4374 0.7762790 41446 0.7229725
## 150 66568 342.2504 249.5505 0.6843581 68078 0.7599174
## 151 45264 290.5884 203.3191 0.7144554 48142 0.6569140
## 152 57980 336.3129 222.6098 0.7495810 59311 0.7772952
## 153 75114 368.7301 262.4745 0.7023482 77454 0.7409154
## 154 78991 362.6409 279.0908 0.6385182 80355 0.7088972
## 155 76253 364.2256 269.5168 0.6726375 78443 0.7242876
## 156 83229 423.8444 253.8091 0.8008791 86345 0.6534940
## 157 45962 251.1334 235.3681 0.3487296 47173 0.7422804
## 158 57766 344.7374 215.1098 0.7814391 59834 0.7375827
## 159 39669 252.7482 202.2644 0.5996527 41860 0.6630397
## 160 41050 316.8416 167.3283 0.8491738 42965 0.6411858
## 161 47771 311.5250 197.0908 0.7744259 49237 0.6834094
## 162 53389 301.8459 228.5167 0.6533406 55158 0.7157470
## 163 73319 392.3627 239.1885 0.7927009 75653 0.7095685
## 164 91831 463.3579 257.9511 0.8307139 95560 0.7103704
## 165 71452 397.9614 239.7988 0.7980676 73864 0.7518335
## 166 59970 353.0016 219.6829 0.7827562 61834 0.7558227
## 167 51683 325.2399 208.9148 0.7664192 54510 0.7284426
## 168 41283 268.1254 199.6354 0.6675556 42505 0.7323836
## 169 92735 436.9856 271.5788 0.7834282 94693 0.7041222
## 170 44627 297.2593 194.7603 0.7554672 46921 0.6751846
## 171 84260 411.3974 262.9741 0.7690226 85978 0.6867827
## 172 59076 350.4872 216.6793 0.7860026 61643 0.6454983
## 173 58741 345.4854 222.3818 0.7652953 60701 0.7148194
## 174 68627 411.8885 216.8940 0.8501230 70932 0.7382423
## 175 51941 349.2262 191.8173 0.8356489 53893 0.7089954
## 176 77161 394.2784 253.2114 0.7665248 82746 0.6719000
## 177 85105 382.2900 288.7584 0.6553347 88056 0.7769450
## 178 52508 297.6969 226.2519 0.6499140 53588 0.7561636
## 179 39941 251.8477 208.4681 0.5610901 41594 0.7075716
## 180 48693 306.5739 204.2806 0.7456534 50298 0.7401277
## 181 87858 441.2241 255.6622 0.8150160 90905 0.7087266
## 182 67718 373.9241 233.2332 0.7816281 71102 0.7369945
## 183 63968 333.0124 247.8885 0.6677537 65403 0.7569998
## 184 43461 333.7059 169.3095 0.8617333 45669 0.6779341
## 185 81546 381.3487 273.8101 0.6960383 82807 0.7117197
## 186 43563 296.5222 188.1957 0.7727778 45174 0.6962839
## 187 36145 280.7577 166.5936 0.8049288 37401 0.8122654
## 188 57741 316.4840 234.2836 0.6723097 58976 0.7127111
## 189 69024 372.8220 237.6598 0.7704819 70649 0.7210430
## 190 78982 421.1618 241.6404 0.8190325 81442 0.7534365
## 191 78240 401.9301 249.8314 0.7833513 79677 0.7579926
## 192 87036 384.9699 289.4539 0.6592919 88336 0.7278962
## 193 37569 232.4278 208.1520 0.4449501 38874 0.7943714
## 194 79748 441.9343 231.7175 0.8515178 81718 0.7384484
## 195 44156 307.7070 186.0924 0.7963990 45285 0.6336060
## 196 87302 392.9101 284.1791 0.6905681 89605 0.7382458
## 197 69312 373.8031 237.1946 0.7728866 70719 0.7061556
## 198 86545 350.1279 315.7195 0.4323073 87512 0.7858868
## 199 59729 337.0435 231.8092 0.7259263 62511 0.6837111
## 200 59822 336.5841 227.9495 0.7357585 60648 0.7002868
## 201 63452 334.8460 243.2365 0.6872584 64925 0.7353173
## 202 61996 333.7476 243.5402 0.6837528 63641 0.6731379
## 203 74763 391.2272 245.5420 0.7785198 77508 0.6861131
## 204 73193 401.0723 235.8290 0.8088637 75563 0.7401157
## 205 66508 344.9045 249.0898 0.6916851 69240 0.7030147
## 206 74849 379.9250 252.6171 0.7469207 76154 0.7353927
## 207 38585 274.4451 180.9576 0.7518291 39926 0.6965933
## 208 61377 339.7335 234.0242 0.7249072 64027 0.7056125
## 209 39547 259.4226 198.4655 0.6439972 40765 0.7333840
## 210 49998 301.7807 212.3269 0.7106158 50857 0.7792949
## 211 49063 294.7483 217.9131 0.6733550 50732 0.6588114
## 212 46961 343.7885 177.1368 0.8570404 48476 0.6146326
## 213 57271 372.6991 196.9761 0.8489255 58786 0.7691512
## 214 58909 347.3439 218.1228 0.7782347 60379 0.7042572
## 215 51336 321.8844 206.1461 0.7680122 53944 0.7426009
## 216 62422 324.5570 247.7079 0.6461405 64021 0.7160621
## 217 48447 331.0510 189.9172 0.8190798 49996 0.6256150
## 218 64364 376.6625 221.6551 0.8085180 67510 0.6547445
## 219 72915 414.7181 229.5558 0.8328342 76912 0.6797714
## 220 49414 290.4582 219.4182 0.6552398 51029 0.7110337
## 221 45723 291.1973 203.0202 0.7168851 48658 0.6488293
## 222 64988 371.3536 226.9099 0.7916038 67847 0.6701175
## 223 56709 293.4085 247.7166 0.5359148 58143 0.7782856
## 224 93559 438.6344 275.5830 0.7779914 95750 0.6870699
## 225 81916 398.3266 265.4181 0.7456543 85615 0.6630727
## 226 79274 406.9762 255.2178 0.7789328 81976 0.7083855
## 227 88724 446.4305 260.3788 0.8122956 92630 0.6565291
## 228 65469 374.4662 227.5390 0.7942160 68018 0.7144385
## 229 75799 340.9827 289.1505 0.5300097 79230 0.7411003
## 230 76741 383.9822 258.1340 0.7403195 79198 0.7452030
## 231 54219 344.2908 204.4967 0.8044909 56526 0.6884952
## 232 52693 283.5042 242.1140 0.5202653 54860 0.7377492
## 233 84539 441.5289 248.3743 0.8267752 87728 0.6875773
## 234 34559 264.5152 168.9831 0.7693390 36516 0.6641874
## 235 49715 302.3474 213.3645 0.7085175 52250 0.6501072
## 236 39716 243.0383 210.1141 0.5025800 40598 0.7794328
## 237 46845 264.9673 225.8425 0.5229862 47739 0.7590906
## 238 52547 358.3657 189.2067 0.8492623 54649 0.7034028
## 239 41593 310.6749 178.3233 0.8188646 44753 0.5726697
## 240 44460 294.6241 197.5566 0.7418755 47486 0.6474254
## 241 51145 317.3482 211.0256 0.7468742 53531 0.7100514
## 242 43345 323.8592 175.1857 0.8410665 46785 0.6492758
## 243 53987 331.3507 213.1674 0.7655899 56076 0.6732218
## 244 59514 368.6379 209.1269 0.8235138 61469 0.7551580
## 245 85739 380.3704 288.2562 0.6524518 87052 0.7621515
## 246 56096 313.3863 232.2824 0.6712825 58701 0.7117698
## 247 46120 300.0972 201.2063 0.7419361 49996 0.6289720
## 248 57676 333.9700 222.2745 0.7463514 58991 0.6886687
## 249 62064 352.3687 227.8641 0.7627750 64811 0.6505660
## 250 50274 305.3973 212.2734 0.7189390 52016 0.6875077
## 251 77225 362.1373 277.0098 0.6441130 80872 0.7324835
## 252 45598 259.8963 225.6562 0.4961183 47266 0.7412863
## 253 38545 283.9875 175.4205 0.7864099 39765 0.7604364
## 254 39439 246.7636 212.6354 0.5074237 42795 0.6468273
## 255 74109 416.7127 230.5595 0.8329942 78032 0.7064594
## 256 41755 296.7884 184.1914 0.7841153 43362 0.6913308
## 257 61463 369.3997 213.6196 0.8158323 63117 0.7867768
## 258 43743 300.9063 185.8512 0.7864624 44836 0.6700827
## 259 73499 346.0511 275.5139 0.6050790 76355 0.7312460
## 260 40403 289.2593 179.2234 0.7849223 41209 0.7222043
## 261 62343 348.2888 232.8200 0.7437406 63897 0.7056207
## 262 46008 296.8793 212.0277 0.6999536 48762 0.6952790
## 263 43495 271.6467 205.1641 0.6554244 44535 0.7540219
## 264 50649 327.1110 199.5409 0.7923939 52462 0.7662945
## 265 61235 349.0264 226.8031 0.7600912 63504 0.7187207
## 266 78883 395.1001 256.9650 0.7596095 80973 0.6784467
## 267 58734 367.4839 205.0211 0.8299049 59845 0.7574769
## 268 68253 388.4547 224.7317 0.8156630 70347 0.7461301
## 269 62401 394.3975 203.1387 0.8571537 64722 0.7400849
## 270 73046 397.3382 234.8282 0.8066690 74242 0.6906509
## 271 54968 300.9544 234.3896 0.6272465 56851 0.7513395
## 272 84057 452.7757 245.2200 0.8406411 86710 0.6220178
## 273 90178 466.2494 250.1043 0.8439528 92321 0.7520035
## 274 67883 383.1890 233.3567 0.7931811 70360 0.6978104
## 275 43901 304.1003 191.2983 0.7773543 46443 0.6487417
## 276 33662 227.2938 191.1090 0.5413430 34787 0.7929987
## 277 77043 388.6927 257.5463 0.7489769 80094 0.7269305
## 278 64875 393.2147 212.9548 0.8406531 67701 0.7705235
## 279 42609 280.1490 200.2719 0.6992510 44944 0.6731280
## 280 79510 380.7192 267.0341 0.7127739 81779 0.7315974
## 281 58857 320.8119 235.3860 0.6794522 60597 0.6903642
## 282 67754 349.1971 251.6796 0.6932076 69536 0.6552611
## 283 54842 308.2324 227.2577 0.6755727 55879 0.7381952
## 284 78352 408.8097 245.4408 0.7997155 80474 0.6842730
## 285 72447 401.7420 231.5372 0.8172149 74481 0.7091037
## 286 58239 324.2951 230.9973 0.7018692 59977 0.7211903
## 287 93879 409.4869 292.9161 0.6987922 96072 0.7676689
## 288 68129 381.1755 230.0560 0.7973300 70141 0.6597045
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## 381 83071 400.4657 265.9288 0.7476892 84531 0.7184581
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## 414 55129 336.0217 210.4281 0.7796355 56855 0.7504015
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## 423 34638 251.7422 178.3411 0.7057837 35824 0.7493996
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## 431 57838 350.2855 214.8025 0.7899113 59449 0.6740397
## 432 58570 355.3995 214.5675 0.7971844 60494 0.6575579
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## 435 63718 407.5659 200.2610 0.8709573 65950 0.7229673
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## 437 79055 395.3687 258.2760 0.7571393 82562 0.7195060
## 438 86141 414.1072 266.9075 0.7645728 87883 0.7187401
## 439 82873 449.4093 239.6141 0.8460046 85648 0.7007695
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## 441 53633 313.4800 218.6686 0.7165340 55147 0.7284321
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## 443 58545 325.1886 231.9558 0.7008628 60738 0.7005001
## 444 68931 381.6717 231.5282 0.7949950 71336 0.6793105
## 445 67874 360.0235 243.2720 0.7371662 69889 0.6783194
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## 449 50312 354.2356 182.3121 0.8573923 52070 0.6233522
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## 451 137583 649.5415 273.2603 0.9072011 142650 0.7316377
## 452 117592 533.2929 288.5583 0.8409660 123587 0.7300677
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## 454 96582 446.7052 278.3255 0.7821716 100113 0.7065976
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## 457 134303 600.7663 288.3849 0.8772529 138133 0.7424362
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## 467 97019 559.5992 228.6418 0.9127219 101539 0.5734526
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## 469 168276 656.0994 328.4869 0.8656403 174282 0.6815387
## 470 195383 755.0129 335.7905 0.8956558 204472 0.7287691
## 471 65253 418.9979 205.7562 0.8711216 69700 0.6662548
## 472 120255 471.8135 326.5463 0.7217931 123486 0.7238870
## 473 108161 485.1026 286.0332 0.8076703 111765 0.7079063
## 474 157877 613.8737 328.3133 0.8449646 161901 0.6413228
## 475 83800 440.8337 245.3819 0.8307596 86346 0.6571621
## 476 177264 619.9585 366.7632 0.8062366 180994 0.6832194
## 477 127245 530.3041 309.1215 0.8125340 130649 0.6790964
## 478 108314 455.6059 311.1711 0.7304342 112497 0.6869447
## 479 128947 572.8016 289.0222 0.8633670 132108 0.6044088
## 480 189637 636.7524 403.7193 0.7733095 209580 0.6137855
## 481 137508 604.1144 292.0961 0.8753382 141818 0.6015223
## 482 75173 365.8032 267.5828 0.6818482 78359 0.6799540
## 483 115859 488.4889 305.0908 0.7809765 120546 0.7426431
## 484 92188 374.7202 324.3026 0.5009907 95920 0.7475996
## 485 153824 536.6070 369.2865 0.7255325 159063 0.7390836
## 486 85492 437.0140 250.8926 0.8187806 89018 0.7233438
## 487 106312 464.3324 295.3168 0.7716866 111089 0.7296837
## 488 210923 984.0455 367.2795 0.9277371 278217 0.5073521
## 489 89138 507.1434 226.2166 0.8950028 93549 0.7383863
## 490 83567 465.1015 230.9042 0.8680597 86859 0.6092221
## 491 171256 531.3732 412.3828 0.6306467 174277 0.7019149
## 492 77105 419.9537 238.8395 0.8225256 80497 0.6689948
## 493 100443 457.5699 283.6113 0.7847435 104186 0.6737885
## 494 72606 424.4720 223.2326 0.8505423 76975 0.6838526
## 495 83555 457.5465 235.0999 0.8578936 86694 0.7112274
## 496 146268 588.0092 321.6080 0.8371693 150416 0.6954215
## 497 113608 559.2668 264.0287 0.8815461 118098 0.6278628
## 498 75058 424.7637 228.8458 0.8424591 78952 0.6854612
## 499 116406 612.6653 251.8328 0.9116152 125638 0.5262596
## 500 100319 480.7790 267.6689 0.8306868 104255 0.6396141
## 501 143386 469.2765 397.3102 0.5321595 146328 0.7502603
## 502 164782 660.3642 322.6209 0.8725359 169000 0.7577577
## 503 71639 400.4140 231.6201 0.8157166 76252 0.6424619
## 504 141220 575.6824 316.6212 0.8351693 144300 0.6591519
## 505 88290 514.4362 221.4448 0.9026091 92317 0.5551573
## 506 102569 515.3952 259.1942 0.8643424 106888 0.5732418
## 507 182160 997.2919 271.8724 0.9621244 221527 0.3798561
## 508 208264 675.0983 395.5793 0.8103414 212813 0.7717483
## 509 133101 641.5097 265.3140 0.9104689 136793 0.5824964
## 510 169009 719.5059 301.5651 0.9079271 174718 0.7169266
## 511 81901 450.8275 237.2090 0.8503834 85000 0.5831079
## 512 80678 457.9252 229.7036 0.8650892 85201 0.6073596
## 513 101661 440.9818 295.5307 0.7422119 105429 0.7132904
## 514 82207 451.0060 235.1598 0.8533053 84780 0.6294371
## 515 166275 602.3078 356.2363 0.8063400 168292 0.7192821
## 516 188651 621.0127 390.3076 0.7778081 192922 0.7471563
## 517 202118 684.6030 379.7193 0.8320796 209242 0.7172188
## 518 97375 468.9040 268.2670 0.8201734 100169 0.6947169
## 519 64303 442.7453 187.0290 0.9063954 67199 0.6862354
## 520 86715 440.4743 254.3360 0.8164515 89920 0.7353714
## 521 155702 655.3990 304.6121 0.8854295 160709 0.6970462
## 522 84295 458.8440 238.2890 0.8545770 88521 0.7084506
## 523 177206 699.6183 328.1121 0.8832049 181412 0.7391529
## 524 110897 518.7876 275.2605 0.8476322 115550 0.7304361
## 525 56903 360.8153 204.0377 0.8247546 59797 0.7184269
## 526 113029 558.5162 265.2842 0.8799964 116783 0.6620918
## 527 69579 398.5967 224.5785 0.8261686 71648 0.7193859
## 528 163442 594.7592 351.4257 0.8067664 167471 0.7046858
## 529 114289 580.6008 261.7637 0.8925999 120657 0.6494874
## 530 74652 424.9807 231.6043 0.8384516 79014 0.5926173
## 531 90559 473.5758 246.9200 0.8533156 95477 0.6732310
## 532 104352 562.3359 239.4026 0.9048508 107968 0.6680666
## 533 82161 441.7956 246.8101 0.8294020 86909 0.6302430
## 534 131816 532.7314 322.6830 0.7956823 138992 0.7221924
## 535 163082 696.1490 302.2224 0.9008480 167442 0.7637786
## 536 77012 425.2194 239.4696 0.8263431 81325 0.6542798
## 537 81604 528.5859 204.7395 0.9219393 87172 0.4914601
## 538 82853 430.1150 251.1757 0.8117728 85292 0.7464369
## 539 145693 591.1801 321.4312 0.8392725 151644 0.6485275
## 540 96443 541.2001 232.5480 0.9029767 101271 0.5534114
## 541 168620 730.7610 295.5005 0.9145939 172003 0.7967303
## 542 193032 661.1488 376.4322 0.8220878 197672 0.6311205
## 543 140897 588.0709 308.0258 0.8518473 146231 0.7339991
## 544 118988 483.3400 315.2485 0.7580218 122375 0.7844673
## 545 103666 456.3827 293.9224 0.7650034 107992 0.6472652
## 546 68231 394.6465 228.1610 0.8159375 71591 0.6645273
## 547 88928 395.7250 300.2270 0.6514683 93821 0.6710636
## 548 117077 496.1308 314.5474 0.7733322 123305 0.7088316
## 549 123056 618.1418 256.9501 0.9095103 128101 0.6412841
## 550 94455 496.8950 245.2439 0.8697159 97496 0.7198875
## 551 89311 429.2791 270.8593 0.7758127 94720 0.6826492
## 552 68982 400.7369 223.9077 0.8293430 73278 0.7287652
## 553 204864 596.6398 440.4971 0.6744762 209457 0.7510090
## 554 83693 437.7349 245.4243 0.8280402 87230 0.7028595
## 555 75529 418.5185 233.9902 0.8291059 79168 0.6586697
## 556 121034 518.7204 305.7358 0.8078386 125665 0.7066647
## 557 105192 440.5629 305.7918 0.7198850 107313 0.7369018
## 558 77402 469.4593 215.0800 0.8888780 80680 0.6213285
## 559 87857 380.7765 300.9086 0.6127845 90968 0.7284992
## 560 139399 522.4680 348.2822 0.7454071 144034 0.6936309
## 561 178334 626.0642 366.2370 0.8110454 181715 0.7894518
## 562 144084 555.9210 332.1239 0.8019211 149076 0.7294211
## 563 84975 511.8747 215.4482 0.9071069 88730 0.6296123
## 564 118043 493.7652 308.0001 0.7816012 122903 0.6755969
## 565 102769 515.6081 261.1367 0.8622614 109161 0.6502309
## 566 136960 559.2959 313.3099 0.8283667 139458 0.7221420
## 567 113206 548.9710 264.2585 0.8765172 116787 0.7258610
## 568 155057 610.6780 325.5077 0.8460984 159681 0.7610570
## 569 116715 571.0488 278.8374 0.8726815 127342 0.6026177
## 570 91146 498.3918 241.8968 0.8743174 97149 0.6728926
## 571 101223 496.5335 276.8662 0.8301109 109593 0.7136119
## 572 79492 422.5673 243.1163 0.8179203 82708 0.6373535
## 573 93234 452.9265 268.7631 0.8049135 97428 0.7159070
## 574 167279 690.0720 311.9957 0.8919569 171794 0.5786739
## 575 193558 769.4251 321.6858 0.9084075 197851 0.6059158
## 576 146175 592.9085 319.0201 0.8429068 149156 0.6328333
## 577 108076 516.0732 270.7434 0.8513352 112975 0.6988154
## 578 131811 573.5418 295.4231 0.8571388 135814 0.7115073
## 579 129038 540.8148 306.8178 0.8234940 134796 0.6487582
## 580 130868 613.1726 273.1819 0.8952710 134139 0.5367842
## 581 206720 713.4725 373.6425 0.8519054 210114 0.7805762
## 582 205497 632.7276 414.1883 0.7559688 209486 0.7692887
## 583 146420 598.0727 314.3906 0.8506867 149403 0.7467360
## 584 126014 523.1864 309.1168 0.8067924 130059 0.7362265
## 585 101103 484.1659 269.1459 0.8312519 105500 0.6700000
## 586 61444 371.6938 213.1798 0.8191803 64321 0.7374725
## 587 160605 630.6173 330.7711 0.8513984 167411 0.7231853
## 588 100649 433.3669 300.4578 0.7206390 103883 0.7247192
## 589 112808 542.5048 267.2019 0.8702934 116961 0.7431553
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## 841 48551 302.8128 205.9634 0.7330569 50748 0.7428244
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## 859 59890 402.4157 194.6688 0.8752059 61673 0.7197106
## 860 137593 558.0588 316.7128 0.8233555 142114 0.6777646
## 861 166654 607.9965 349.6590 0.8180829 169060 0.7535177
## 862 55858 298.8589 239.8994 0.5963587 58630 0.6814527
## 863 105308 473.3134 284.1706 0.7997105 108094 0.7870141
## 864 67468 424.5637 207.8231 0.8720044 70674 0.6116939
## 865 132680 549.8653 308.3923 0.8279170 136612 0.6506537
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## 870 77622 460.1429 226.5813 0.8703605 82990 0.6512131
## 871 179668 690.4334 332.5533 0.8763589 181954 0.7794031
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## 877 119336 563.5463 275.3558 0.8725009 125523 0.6681560
## 878 126019 520.6800 316.1899 0.7945007 130948 0.6945109
## 879 154498 621.3515 318.5977 0.8585382 159694 0.7500485
## 880 82632 471.3667 227.3932 0.8759442 87501 0.6330790
## 881 218459 571.2892 492.2753 0.5074318 228259 0.7319737
## 882 150420 607.7097 316.8097 0.8533628 153905 0.6424087
## 883 110296 487.6912 289.9248 0.8041071 113271 0.6870997
## 884 171264 609.6431 359.2246 0.8079599 174156 0.7717376
## 885 110936 500.9313 286.2524 0.8206436 113888 0.7323959
## 886 54502 346.4580 204.0812 0.8080963 56464 0.6361111
## 887 142415 532.0841 342.4207 0.7654072 144862 0.7706439
## 888 94282 494.1630 244.8039 0.8686701 97707 0.7023862
## 889 68799 356.5678 253.2547 0.7039427 71879 0.7009292
## 890 79058 454.4372 236.9643 0.8532846 82555 0.5782560
## 891 85646 469.7748 238.5394 0.8614903 92673 0.6810436
## 892 107486 462.8131 296.0912 0.7685713 108914 0.7599675
## 893 149703 637.8730 304.6225 0.8785992 154549 0.5938050
## 894 187391 660.6556 362.3150 0.8362047 189799 0.7139466
## 895 115272 511.4720 291.5913 0.8215738 119773 0.6247602
## 896 83248 430.0773 247.8387 0.8172626 85839 0.6687929
## 897 87350 440.7357 259.2931 0.8086290 90899 0.6364762
## 898 99657 431.7070 298.8373 0.7216841 106264 0.7410985
## 899 93523 476.3441 254.1761 0.8457385 97653 0.6587983
## 900 85609 512.0818 215.2720 0.9073454 89197 0.6320200
## Perimeter
## 1 1184.040
## 2 1121.786
## 3 1208.575
## 4 844.162
## 5 1073.251
## 6 881.836
## 7 823.796
## 8 933.366
## 9 849.728
## 10 981.544
## 11 1176.305
## 12 818.873
## 13 803.748
## 14 1042.770
## 15 1084.729
## 16 751.413
## 17 1028.445
## 18 981.509
## 19 814.680
## 20 1061.321
## 21 1035.501
## 22 928.272
## 23 1106.355
## 24 971.769
## 25 1181.921
## 26 1059.186
## 27 1010.474
## 28 964.603
## 29 1063.868
## 30 982.788
## 31 1162.877
## 32 828.697
## 33 1075.792
## 34 972.472
## 35 844.312
## 36 784.912
## 37 926.095
## 38 968.729
## 39 1100.676
## 40 843.764
## 41 1201.390
## 42 1036.940
## 43 1095.283
## 44 1135.662
## 45 1141.189
## 46 992.114
## 47 1022.568
## 48 790.427
## 49 870.387
## 50 902.624
## 51 845.786
## 52 1340.897
## 53 1030.155
## 54 901.102
## 55 1298.188
## 56 861.580
## 57 952.023
## 58 936.371
## 59 1039.551
## 60 619.074
## 61 1003.374
## 62 868.060
## 63 1157.330
## 64 997.989
## 65 990.547
## 66 981.517
## 67 912.153
## 68 1179.694
## 69 903.308
## 70 1069.770
## 71 1255.245
## 72 1054.198
## 73 1086.857
## 74 1049.093
## 75 894.480
## 76 873.777
## 77 1081.339
## 78 814.182
## 79 1091.754
## 80 860.402
## 81 896.728
## 82 957.132
## 83 991.612
## 84 1176.600
## 85 1100.836
## 86 2253.557
## 87 1034.183
## 88 755.822
## 89 750.909
## 90 867.582
## 91 889.626
## 92 933.896
## 93 1140.684
## 94 989.016
## 95 934.547
## 96 769.242
## 97 1045.658
## 98 920.573
## 99 860.548
## 100 1012.365
## 101 1114.736
## 102 978.850
## 103 911.857
## 104 973.259
## 105 966.329
## 106 842.121
## 107 872.289
## 108 1035.022
## 109 1115.811
## 110 975.425
## 111 1187.338
## 112 883.973
## 113 877.799
## 114 847.664
## 115 1259.451
## 116 1144.973
## 117 1154.540
## 118 1136.669
## 119 1013.202
## 120 1075.271
## 121 1051.020
## 122 923.190
## 123 855.997
## 124 977.425
## 125 1223.904
## 126 930.627
## 127 993.050
## 128 900.109
## 129 861.179
## 130 1193.280
## 131 1048.675
## 132 1003.769
## 133 875.174
## 134 893.451
## 135 922.011
## 136 953.496
## 137 1212.667
## 138 998.437
## 139 965.068
## 140 1252.875
## 141 845.128
## 142 938.705
## 143 1096.751
## 144 851.632
## 145 847.792
## 146 1066.388
## 147 1073.768
## 148 922.878
## 149 790.531
## 150 993.455
## 151 879.832
## 152 925.795
## 153 1051.266
## 154 1071.385
## 155 1070.053
## 156 1153.434
## 157 810.195
## 158 950.721
## 159 791.464
## 160 846.833
## 161 857.776
## 162 906.666
## 163 1075.279
## 164 1252.762
## 165 1101.502
## 166 978.631
## 167 928.217
## 168 798.515
## 169 1183.447
## 170 848.487
## 171 1157.001
## 172 988.273
## 173 948.233
## 174 1097.292
## 175 912.259
## 176 1127.409
## 177 1139.446
## 178 862.778
## 179 777.663
## 180 848.422
## 181 1176.287
## 182 1024.993
## 183 953.445
## 184 867.446
## 185 1057.448
## 186 817.410
## 187 747.161
## 188 906.829
## 189 1015.771
## 190 1102.423
## 191 1059.644
## 192 1094.590
## 193 734.102
## 194 1120.963
## 195 820.714
## 196 1122.160
## 197 1001.236
## 198 1070.062
## 199 966.438
## 200 916.044
## 201 945.523
## 202 958.627
## 203 1063.377
## 204 1050.909
## 205 1001.714
## 206 1040.788
## 207 762.439
## 208 975.553
## 209 763.979
## 210 834.328
## 211 869.795
## 212 891.528
## 213 949.936
## 214 944.879
## 215 898.546
## 216 947.541
## 217 883.044
## 218 1057.897
## 219 1131.096
## 220 869.188
## 221 875.764
## 222 1048.186
## 223 904.508
## 224 1198.259
## 225 1113.144
## 226 1110.378
## 227 1216.535
## 228 1020.029
## 229 1065.191
## 230 1056.740
## 231 931.430
## 232 895.745
## 233 1169.983
## 234 750.365
## 235 877.430
## 236 737.468
## 237 799.991
## 238 929.471
## 239 870.063
## 240 849.225
## 241 895.040
## 242 877.020
## 243 931.117
## 244 968.360
## 245 1094.576
## 246 929.115
## 247 907.025
## 248 926.255
## 249 1004.245
## 250 868.951
## 251 1110.440
## 252 813.276
## 253 770.590
## 254 793.005
## 255 1095.055
## 256 804.559
## 257 966.493
## 258 802.261
## 259 1050.012
## 260 761.949
## 261 979.447
## 262 860.580
## 263 785.843
## 264 875.267
## 265 974.079
## 266 1092.709
## 267 945.191
## 268 1042.257
## 269 1004.349
## 270 1037.399
## 271 893.644
## 272 1179.024
## 273 1180.478
## 274 1030.869
## 275 884.495
## 276 699.415
## 277 1112.212
## 278 1014.789
## 279 840.167
## 280 1075.307
## 281 927.048
## 282 1032.358
## 283 887.109
## 284 1099.512
## 285 1055.302
## 286 940.220
## 287 1174.166
## 288 1050.867
## 289 1071.612
## 290 941.486
## 291 2098.263
## 292 1002.035
## 293 1050.221
## 294 1148.651
## 295 1024.256
## 296 978.434
## 297 915.496
## 298 921.613
## 299 1228.366
## 300 737.637
## 301 1120.019
## 302 903.769
## 303 1040.716
## 304 1103.153
## 305 970.754
## 306 989.499
## 307 1018.553
## 308 915.939
## 309 972.971
## 310 833.117
## 311 950.717
## 312 901.170
## 313 948.889
## 314 769.691
## 315 977.085
## 316 843.960
## 317 875.659
## 318 754.022
## 319 944.713
## 320 919.044
## 321 998.470
## 322 909.604
## 323 854.724
## 324 1048.486
## 325 989.581
## 326 754.366
## 327 1074.702
## 328 1006.220
## 329 940.413
## 330 1100.850
## 331 973.599
## 332 921.762
## 333 970.932
## 334 946.487
## 335 1052.159
## 336 928.274
## 337 1026.686
## 338 1168.247
## 339 1140.399
## 340 867.003
## 341 781.970
## 342 1196.030
## 343 934.684
## 344 1036.517
## 345 1010.809
## 346 1114.880
## 347 850.782
## 348 981.059
## 349 1189.483
## 350 1073.138
## 351 855.392
## 352 1141.296
## 353 820.106
## 354 930.619
## 355 1084.306
## 356 1024.207
## 357 908.357
## 358 1026.109
## 359 1097.299
## 360 1008.276
## 361 928.016
## 362 841.666
## 363 995.692
## 364 1230.233
## 365 1017.749
## 366 840.545
## 367 989.917
## 368 916.396
## 369 1106.033
## 370 941.429
## 371 713.775
## 372 1011.054
## 373 1099.568
## 374 1202.369
## 375 1006.028
## 376 998.793
## 377 1033.870
## 378 757.295
## 379 943.599
## 380 1113.607
## 381 1112.784
## 382 718.847
## 383 678.815
## 384 1006.375
## 385 1065.680
## 386 836.109
## 387 1018.353
## 388 1079.752
## 389 1079.973
## 390 1014.268
## 391 907.423
## 392 1120.777
## 393 894.039
## 394 1047.037
## 395 1176.657
## 396 727.561
## 397 1103.236
## 398 1073.916
## 399 1163.528
## 400 983.385
## 401 909.681
## 402 798.546
## 403 897.111
## 404 1165.084
## 405 1074.108
## 406 897.796
## 407 971.938
## 408 1046.520
## 409 1130.673
## 410 1254.861
## 411 979.727
## 412 1068.375
## 413 935.816
## 414 910.837
## 415 761.131
## 416 915.379
## 417 719.935
## 418 873.837
## 419 1038.741
## 420 1118.999
## 421 1080.007
## 422 1179.374
## 423 713.940
## 424 772.501
## 425 782.362
## 426 1104.717
## 427 931.451
## 428 766.531
## 429 858.386
## 430 997.276
## 431 939.149
## 432 962.708
## 433 971.185
## 434 1080.034
## 435 1023.064
## 436 683.004
## 437 1114.488
## 438 1146.164
## 439 1148.363
## 440 1193.908
## 441 882.669
## 442 977.095
## 443 966.758
## 444 1067.692
## 445 1035.277
## 446 997.264
## 447 1154.562
## 448 1043.187
## 449 961.439
## 450 801.526
## 451 1590.354
## 452 1432.006
## 453 1276.807
## 454 1216.979
## 455 1083.477
## 456 1530.315
## 457 1497.515
## 458 1366.740
## 459 1373.537
## 460 1367.331
## 461 1325.947
## 462 1177.714
## 463 1552.540
## 464 836.625
## 465 1486.769
## 466 1051.553
## 467 1383.647
## 468 1791.568
## 469 1685.283
## 470 1893.414
## 471 1075.404
## 472 1322.814
## 473 1305.144
## 474 1604.103
## 475 1170.091
## 476 1652.694
## 477 1423.997
## 478 1306.577
## 479 1446.923
## 480 1870.280
## 481 1529.790
## 482 1087.034
## 483 1351.422
## 484 1190.813
## 485 1582.146
## 486 1182.575
## 487 1306.455
## 488 2697.753
## 489 1262.578
## 490 1199.017
## 491 1559.214
## 492 1131.540
## 493 1269.066
## 494 1117.107
## 495 1159.779
## 496 1535.287
## 497 1394.088
## 498 1130.395
## 499 1480.951
## 500 1289.209
## 501 1422.014
## 502 1654.986
## 503 1101.879
## 504 1507.939
## 505 1277.388
## 506 1331.797
## 507 2303.690
## 508 1755.167
## 509 1544.712
## 510 1781.378
## 511 1192.014
## 512 1226.244
## 513 1268.050
## 514 1182.274
## 515 1580.961
## 516 1698.394
## 517 1827.900
## 518 1244.252
## 519 1081.680
## 520 1173.259
## 521 1626.909
## 522 1202.583
## 523 1754.378
## 524 1365.577
## 525 980.390
## 526 1419.577
## 527 1071.644
## 528 1621.959
## 529 1455.893
## 530 1157.109
## 531 1328.744
## 532 1390.730
## 533 1222.158
## 534 1488.840
## 535 1687.178
## 536 1131.530
## 537 1299.386
## 538 1139.840
## 539 1595.364
## 540 1352.482
## 541 1725.003
## 542 1744.271
## 543 1536.473
## 544 1356.398
## 545 1332.203
## 546 1099.228
## 547 1239.540
## 548 1419.160
## 549 1522.028
## 550 1256.322
## 551 1234.547
## 552 1105.790
## 553 1726.246
## 554 1177.858
## 555 1143.294
## 556 1418.304
## 557 1244.054
## 558 1162.004
## 559 1144.344
## 560 1471.508
## 561 1630.704
## 562 1506.255
## 563 1246.361
## 564 1394.100
## 565 1378.308
## 566 1458.551
## 567 1388.476
## 568 1564.694
## 569 1488.324
## 570 1293.559
## 571 1345.426
## 572 1122.831
## 573 1222.886
## 574 1680.121
## 575 1865.297
## 576 1529.068
## 577 1378.774
## 578 1457.016
## 579 1459.345
## 580 1513.352
## 581 1866.091
## 582 1736.839
## 583 1531.955
## 584 1396.906
## 585 1307.683
## 586 1006.984
## 587 1679.562
## 588 1257.029
## 589 1390.400
## 590 1377.248
## 591 1647.505
## 592 1293.225
## 593 1508.934
## 594 1388.684
## 595 1502.661
## 596 1219.105
## 597 950.297
## 598 1290.239
## 599 1144.036
## 600 1570.502
## 601 1295.377
## 602 1447.684
## 603 1157.089
## 604 1461.030
## 605 1266.255
## 606 1629.634
## 607 1137.706
## 608 1021.989
## 609 1393.213
## 610 1459.584
## 611 1127.889
## 612 1062.070
## 613 1461.111
## 614 1361.884
## 615 963.009
## 616 1277.791
## 617 1687.866
## 618 1393.974
## 619 1302.472
## 620 1369.202
## 621 1169.476
## 622 1594.209
## 623 1766.873
## 624 1562.268
## 625 1187.724
## 626 1270.564
## 627 1391.207
## 628 1263.012
## 629 1302.361
## 630 1238.163
## 631 1260.343
## 632 1270.266
## 633 1182.561
## 634 945.828
## 635 1753.016
## 636 1046.692
## 637 1266.876
## 638 1646.559
## 639 1266.657
## 640 1128.077
## 641 1251.679
## 642 1446.145
## 643 1130.427
## 644 1295.270
## 645 1357.888
## 646 1328.070
## 647 1173.308
## 648 1114.454
## 649 1077.419
## 650 1313.092
## 651 1700.937
## 652 1343.017
## 653 1259.069
## 654 1281.252
## 655 1660.677
## 656 1027.513
## 657 1591.894
## 658 1803.686
## 659 1193.836
## 660 1174.203
## 661 934.490
## 662 1608.599
## 663 771.797
## 664 1162.370
## 665 1398.545
## 666 1156.718
## 667 1622.032
## 668 1315.843
## 669 1876.028
## 670 1245.034
## 671 1646.525
## 672 1789.254
## 673 1298.138
## 674 1317.687
## 675 1100.929
## 676 1370.914
## 677 930.051
## 678 1539.429
## 679 1679.075
## 680 1499.355
## 681 1075.800
## 682 1624.343
## 683 1425.109
## 684 1036.527
## 685 1209.622
## 686 1251.802
## 687 1056.491
## 688 1531.744
## 689 968.697
## 690 1205.863
## 691 1217.127
## 692 1495.983
## 693 1539.944
## 694 921.059
## 695 2289.889
## 696 1207.534
## 697 1182.210
## 698 1157.771
## 699 1194.631
## 700 1485.990
## 701 1434.389
## 702 1500.251
## 703 1633.723
## 704 1509.374
## 705 1513.469
## 706 1162.608
## 707 987.617
## 708 1265.032
## 709 1876.307
## 710 1316.871
## 711 1030.757
## 712 1724.662
## 713 1214.981
## 714 1316.398
## 715 1246.200
## 716 1229.813
## 717 1399.672
## 718 940.363
## 719 1183.981
## 720 1360.821
## 721 1024.169
## 722 1244.563
## 723 1549.185
## 724 1238.627
## 725 1239.314
## 726 1148.633
## 727 1184.581
## 728 1385.645
## 729 936.823
## 730 1153.618
## 731 1198.853
## 732 1140.605
## 733 1345.687
## 734 1273.128
## 735 1217.831
## 736 1429.352
## 737 1407.401
## 738 889.743
## 739 1635.791
## 740 1176.227
## 741 1405.868
## 742 1484.334
## 743 1354.715
## 744 1339.098
## 745 934.708
## 746 1161.291
## 747 1526.711
## 748 1622.580
## 749 1320.460
## 750 1258.683
## 751 1281.378
## 752 1695.230
## 753 919.419
## 754 1148.146
## 755 1456.757
## 756 1689.585
## 757 1544.342
## 758 1272.882
## 759 1254.468
## 760 1393.335
## 761 1475.658
## 762 1087.108
## 763 1297.147
## 764 1323.557
## 765 1130.405
## 766 1418.385
## 767 1199.809
## 768 1535.248
## 769 1739.277
## 770 1639.103
## 771 1412.020
## 772 1622.809
## 773 1126.765
## 774 1285.854
## 775 1205.819
## 776 1184.156
## 777 1641.140
## 778 1628.157
## 779 1557.606
## 780 1285.063
## 781 1085.215
## 782 1607.527
## 783 940.542
## 784 1311.161
## 785 1162.256
## 786 1006.598
## 787 1521.811
## 788 1347.989
## 789 1404.303
## 790 1166.517
## 791 1267.646
## 792 1576.336
## 793 1204.623
## 794 1135.680
## 795 1297.279
## 796 1183.236
## 797 1187.085
## 798 1216.104
## 799 1027.206
## 800 1163.021
## 801 1510.852
## 802 1554.365
## 803 1182.852
## 804 1547.081
## 805 1812.569
## 806 1008.134
## 807 1553.114
## 808 1068.727
## 809 1258.966
## 810 1298.731
## 811 1400.524
## 812 1202.493
## 813 1942.050
## 814 1755.968
## 815 1258.062
## 816 1374.171
## 817 1015.021
## 818 1126.518
## 819 1225.352
## 820 1142.632
## 821 1548.609
## 822 1403.043
## 823 977.906
## 824 1284.690
## 825 1303.224
## 826 956.302
## 827 874.091
## 828 1063.621
## 829 1172.642
## 830 1496.062
## 831 1414.078
## 832 859.326
## 833 1209.582
## 834 1144.959
## 835 1538.316
## 836 1271.343
## 837 2352.029
## 838 1512.658
## 839 1173.390
## 840 1028.839
## 841 862.001
## 842 1204.610
## 843 1310.510
## 844 1229.910
## 845 1248.750
## 846 1560.016
## 847 1078.409
## 848 1641.456
## 849 1191.348
## 850 1261.988
## 851 1360.497
## 852 1079.578
## 853 1091.499
## 854 1426.600
## 855 1147.600
## 856 1831.909
## 857 1563.830
## 858 1311.522
## 859 1034.144
## 860 1478.596
## 861 1574.164
## 862 915.130
## 863 1259.934
## 864 1105.042
## 865 1453.895
## 866 1555.816
## 867 1853.893
## 868 1085.157
## 869 1530.598
## 870 1205.141
## 871 1681.985
## 872 1295.591
## 873 1022.705
## 874 1254.755
## 875 1233.824
## 876 1230.493
## 877 1469.764
## 878 1422.242
## 879 1585.782
## 880 1243.987
## 881 1947.460
## 882 1557.266
## 883 1316.112
## 884 1592.095
## 885 1319.435
## 886 927.283
## 887 1449.803
## 888 1269.680
## 889 1041.270
## 890 1175.034
## 891 1226.892
## 892 1235.078
## 893 1596.356
## 894 1682.478
## 895 1392.653
## 896 1129.072
## 897 1214.252
## 898 1292.828
## 899 1258.548
## 900 1272.862Kode tersebut untuk mengambil kolom yang bertipe numerik dan untuk
fungsi sapply() sebagai cek tiap variabel dalam dataset.
Lalu, untuk variabel yang tidak numerik seperti Class, otomatis tidak
disertakan karena tidak bisa digunakan dalam perhitungan statistik.
Setelah proses ini dilakukan, dataset Raisin_Dataset hanya berisi variabel numerik, yaitu Area, MajorAxisLength, MinorAxisLength, Eccentricity, ConvexArea, Extent, dan Perimeter.
cor_matrix <- cor(Raisin_Dataset)
cor_matrix## Area MajorAxisLength MinorAxisLength Eccentricity
## Area 1.00000000 0.9327744 0.9066499 0.3361066
## MajorAxisLength 0.93277443 1.0000000 0.7280302 0.5836084
## MinorAxisLength 0.90664987 0.7280302 1.0000000 -0.0276835
## Eccentricity 0.33610660 0.5836084 -0.0276835 1.0000000
## ConvexArea 0.99591967 0.9450309 0.8956513 0.3482103
## Extent -0.01349934 -0.2038656 0.1453215 -0.3610615
## Perimeter 0.96135172 0.9779780 0.8274170 0.4478452
## ConvexArea Extent Perimeter
## Area 0.99591967 -0.01349934 0.9613517
## MajorAxisLength 0.94503093 -0.20386556 0.9779780
## MinorAxisLength 0.89565132 0.14532153 0.8274170
## Eccentricity 0.34821030 -0.36106149 0.4478452
## ConvexArea 1.00000000 -0.05480247 0.9766122
## Extent -0.05480247 1.00000000 -0.1734489
## Perimeter 0.97661223 -0.17344893 1.0000000Pada kode cor_matrix <- cor(Raisin_Dataset)untuk
hitung matriks korelasi antar seluruh variabel.cor() akan
ukur hubungan linear antar variabel dengan nilai korelasi berada pada
rentang -1 sampai 1 di mana nilai mendekati 1 menunjukkan hubungan
positif yang kuat, untuk mendekati -1 menunjukkan hubungan negatif yang
kuat, sedangkan mendekati 0 berarti hubungan antar variabel lemah atau
tidak signifikan.
cov_matrix <- cov(Raisin_Dataset)
cov_matrix## Area MajorAxisLength MinorAxisLength Eccentricity
## Area 1.521165e+09 4.221378e+06 1.767671e+06 1.183972e+03
## MajorAxisLength 4.221378e+06 1.346415e+04 4.222916e+03 6.116279e+00
## MinorAxisLength 1.767671e+06 4.222916e+03 2.498890e+03 -1.249887e-01
## Eccentricity 1.183972e+03 6.116279e+00 -1.249887e-01 8.157415e-03
## ConvexArea 1.583600e+09 4.470629e+06 1.825348e+06 1.282186e+03
## Extent -2.815116e+01 -1.264820e+00 3.884178e-01 -1.743625e-03
## Perimeter 1.026472e+07 3.106672e+04 1.132335e+04 1.107340e+01
## ConvexArea Extent Perimeter
## Area 1.583600e+09 -2.815116e+01 1.026472e+07
## MajorAxisLength 4.470629e+06 -1.264820e+00 3.106672e+04
## MinorAxisLength 1.825348e+06 3.884178e-01 1.132335e+04
## Eccentricity 1.282186e+03 -1.743625e-03 1.107340e+01
## ConvexArea 1.662135e+09 -1.194617e+02 1.090014e+07
## Extent -1.194617e+02 2.858848e-03 -2.538891e+00
## Perimeter 1.090014e+07 -2.538891e+00 7.494690e+04Pada cov_matrix <- cov(Raisin_Dataset)untuk hitung
matriks varians–kovarians dari seluruh variabel numerik. Lalu, fungsi
cov() hitung varians pada diagonal utama matriks dan
kovarians antar pasangan variabel di luar diagonal. Sehingga, output
menunjukkan varians dan hubungan antar variabel numerik dalam dataset.
Nilai pada diagonal utama merupakan varians masing-masing variabel pada
ConvexArea dan Perimeter yang memiliki varians yang besar menandakan
cukup menyebar.
Sementara, nilai di luar diagonal merupakan kovarians antar variabel. Kovarians yang bernilai positif sebagian besar variabel ukuran menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan satu variabel cenderung diikuti peningkatan variabel lainnya. Sebaliknya, kovarians pada variabel Extent relatif kecil atau negatif yang menandakan variabel tidak memiliki hubungan linear yang kuat
eigen_result <- eigen(cov_matrix)
eigen_result## eigen() decomposition
## $values
## [1] 3.176903e+09 6.484070e+06 3.411647e+03 5.871721e+02 4.592383e+01
## [6] 1.781033e-03 1.565458e-03
##
## $vectors
## [,1] [,2] [,3] [,4] [,5]
## [1,] -6.911978e-01 7.225900e-01 0.0099167946 2.336904e-03 -0.002339507
## [2,] -1.935429e-03 -6.101735e-03 0.5800095074 -5.162209e-01 0.630129625
## [3,] -7.998219e-04 2.427483e-03 -0.2137523625 6.499835e-01 0.729259089
## [4,] -5.492743e-07 -4.737215e-06 0.0010540138 -1.661067e-03 -0.001299584
## [5,] -7.226472e-01 -6.910123e-01 -0.0159270484 -5.209011e-03 0.001481976
## [6,] 3.330314e-08 9.602308e-06 -0.0003483057 7.835626e-05 0.001134514
## [7,] -4.712872e-03 -1.795989e-02 0.7858407300 5.576756e-01 -0.266659316
## [,6] [,7]
## [1,] 1.174284e-06 6.537297e-06
## [2,] 4.904183e-04 6.364268e-04
## [3,] 8.891598e-04 -2.278570e-03
## [4,] -2.806809e-02 -9.996032e-01
## [5,] -1.815070e-08 -6.392384e-06
## [6,] -9.996054e-01 2.806617e-02
## [7,] -5.255305e-04 2.634392e-04Pada kode eigen_result <- eigen(cov_matrix) untuk
dekomposisi eigen terhadap matriks kovarians yang telah dihitung
sebelumnya. Fungsi eigen() akan hitung eigen value dan
eigen vector dari matriks kovarians.
eigen_result$values## [1] 3.176903e+09 6.484070e+06 3.411647e+03 5.871721e+02 4.592383e+01
## [6] 1.781033e-03 1.565458e-03eigen_result## eigen() decomposition
## $values
## [1] 3.176903e+09 6.484070e+06 3.411647e+03 5.871721e+02 4.592383e+01
## [6] 1.781033e-03 1.565458e-03
##
## $vectors
## [,1] [,2] [,3] [,4] [,5]
## [1,] -6.911978e-01 7.225900e-01 0.0099167946 2.336904e-03 -0.002339507
## [2,] -1.935429e-03 -6.101735e-03 0.5800095074 -5.162209e-01 0.630129625
## [3,] -7.998219e-04 2.427483e-03 -0.2137523625 6.499835e-01 0.729259089
## [4,] -5.492743e-07 -4.737215e-06 0.0010540138 -1.661067e-03 -0.001299584
## [5,] -7.226472e-01 -6.910123e-01 -0.0159270484 -5.209011e-03 0.001481976
## [6,] 3.330314e-08 9.602308e-06 -0.0003483057 7.835626e-05 0.001134514
## [7,] -4.712872e-03 -1.795989e-02 0.7858407300 5.576756e-01 -0.266659316
## [,6] [,7]
## [1,] 1.174284e-06 6.537297e-06
## [2,] 4.904183e-04 6.364268e-04
## [3,] 8.891598e-04 -2.278570e-03
## [4,] -2.806809e-02 -9.996032e-01
## [5,] -1.815070e-08 -6.392384e-06
## [6,] -9.996054e-01 2.806617e-02
## [7,] -5.255305e-04 2.634392e-04Kode eigen_result$values untuk menampilkan eigen value
dari hasil dekomposisi eigen matriks kovarians. Eigen value menunjukkan
besar variasi data yang dapat dijelaskan oleh masing-masing komponen
utama. Pada output terlihat eigen value pertama memiliki nilai paling
besar yang berarti sebagian besar variasi data dijelaskan oleh komponen
utama pertama. Eigen value berikutnya nilainya semakin kecil sehingga
kontribusinya dalam menjelaskan variasi data juga semakin berkurang.
eigen_result$vectors## [,1] [,2] [,3] [,4] [,5]
## [1,] -6.911978e-01 7.225900e-01 0.0099167946 2.336904e-03 -0.002339507
## [2,] -1.935429e-03 -6.101735e-03 0.5800095074 -5.162209e-01 0.630129625
## [3,] -7.998219e-04 2.427483e-03 -0.2137523625 6.499835e-01 0.729259089
## [4,] -5.492743e-07 -4.737215e-06 0.0010540138 -1.661067e-03 -0.001299584
## [5,] -7.226472e-01 -6.910123e-01 -0.0159270484 -5.209011e-03 0.001481976
## [6,] 3.330314e-08 9.602308e-06 -0.0003483057 7.835626e-05 0.001134514
## [7,] -4.712872e-03 -1.795989e-02 0.7858407300 5.576756e-01 -0.266659316
## [,6] [,7]
## [1,] 1.174284e-06 6.537297e-06
## [2,] 4.904183e-04 6.364268e-04
## [3,] 8.891598e-04 -2.278570e-03
## [4,] -2.806809e-02 -9.996032e-01
## [5,] -1.815070e-08 -6.392384e-06
## [6,] -9.996054e-01 2.806617e-02
## [7,] -5.255305e-04 2.634392e-04eigen_result## eigen() decomposition
## $values
## [1] 3.176903e+09 6.484070e+06 3.411647e+03 5.871721e+02 4.592383e+01
## [6] 1.781033e-03 1.565458e-03
##
## $vectors
## [,1] [,2] [,3] [,4] [,5]
## [1,] -6.911978e-01 7.225900e-01 0.0099167946 2.336904e-03 -0.002339507
## [2,] -1.935429e-03 -6.101735e-03 0.5800095074 -5.162209e-01 0.630129625
## [3,] -7.998219e-04 2.427483e-03 -0.2137523625 6.499835e-01 0.729259089
## [4,] -5.492743e-07 -4.737215e-06 0.0010540138 -1.661067e-03 -0.001299584
## [5,] -7.226472e-01 -6.910123e-01 -0.0159270484 -5.209011e-03 0.001481976
## [6,] 3.330314e-08 9.602308e-06 -0.0003483057 7.835626e-05 0.001134514
## [7,] -4.712872e-03 -1.795989e-02 0.7858407300 5.576756e-01 -0.266659316
## [,6] [,7]
## [1,] 1.174284e-06 6.537297e-06
## [2,] 4.904183e-04 6.364268e-04
## [3,] 8.891598e-04 -2.278570e-03
## [4,] -2.806809e-02 -9.996032e-01
## [5,] -1.815070e-08 -6.392384e-06
## [6,] -9.996054e-01 2.806617e-02
## [7,] -5.255305e-04 2.634392e-04Kode eigen_result$vectors untuk menampilkan eigen vector
dari matriks kovarians. Eigen vector menunjukkan arah dan kontribusi
masing-masing variabel dalam bentuk tiap komponen utama. Setiap kolom
pada output mewakili satu komponen utama, sedangkan setiap baris
menunjukkan bobot dari variabel seperti Area, MajorAxisLength,
MinorAxisLength, dan seterusnya. Nilai dengan magnitudo besar (positif
atau negatif) menandakan bahwa variabel tersebut memiliki pengaruh yang
kuat terhadap komponen utama terkait, sedangkan nilai yang mendekati nol
menunjukkan kontribusi yang kecil.