Installation des packages et de la bdd

library(questionr)
library(readr)
library(forcats)
library(dplyr)
library(vcd)
ESS2023 <- read_csv("/Users/bastiandelauney/Desktop/Faculté/L3/S6/Socio/ENQ/ess11.fr.csv")

Formation de la base de donnée et variables d’intérêt

bdd <- ESS2023[ESS2023$cntry=="FR", c("imsmetn", "imdfetn", "impcntr", "imbgeco", "imueclt","imwbcnt", "dscrrlg", "dscrgrp","dscrrce" ,"dscrntn","dscrlng","dscretn","dscrage", "dscrgnd", "dscrsex", "dscrdsb", "dscroth", "ctzcntr", "brncntr", "cntbrthd", "livecnta", "lnghom1", "lnghom2","feethngr", "facntr", "fbrncntc", "mocntr", "mbrncntc", "gndr", "domicil", "edlvfdfr", "edlvmdfr", "prtclgfr", "lrscale")]

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Manipulations de variables

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Formation de la catégorie d’« immigrés ».

{bdd <- bdd %>% mutate(origine_migr = case_when( 
  brncntr == 1 & facntr == 1 & mocntr == 1 ~ "Natif", 
  brncntr == 1 & (facntr == 2 | mocntr == 2) ~ "2ᵉ génération", 
  brncntr == 2 ~ "1ʳᵉ génération", 
  TRUE ~ NA))}

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Ces variables correspondent à l’ESS 11 de manière suivante :

Nº Code Question Mdl. rép. Rcd
C21 brncntr Êtes-vous né.e en France ?
1 : Oui
2 : Non
7 : Refus
8 : Ne sait pas
 Nous recodons 7 et 8 comme des NA
C26 facntr Votre père est-il né en France ?
1 : Oui
2 : Non
7 : refus
8 : ne sait pas
 Nous recodons 7 et 8 comme des NA
C28 mocntr Votre mère est-elle née en France ?
1 : Oui
2 : Non
7 :  Refus
8 : Ne sait pas
 Nous recodons 7 et 8 comme des NA

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Dans la ligne « brncntr == 1 & (facntr == 2 | mocntr == 2) ~ “2ᵉ génération” », le signe « | » signifie « ou ».

Ainsi, si un individu et ses parents est né en France, il est Natif. Si un individu est né en France mais pas au moins un de ses parents, il est immigré de deuxième génération. Si l’individu n’est pas né en France, il est immigré de première génération.

!! : Avec ce script, on reprend la définition de la personne immigrée selon l’INSEE (2023)1. Mais là, on a exclu la question de savoir si la personne était de nationalité française ou non !

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Création de la variable de l’origine géographique de la personne immigrée (1ere ou 2eme génération).

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Le regroupement des pays en catégories de pays (régions géographiques), que cela soit pour l’individu, son père ou sa mère, se fait en suivant l’INSEE2, niveau 2 :

Figure 1 : Nomenclature des continents, régions et pays selon l’INSEE (2023)
Figure 1 : Nomenclature des continents, régions et pays selon l’INSEE (2023)

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Recodage zone géographique d’origine du père

# Recodage zone géographique d'origine du père 
bdd <- bdd %>% 
  mutate(origine_geo_pere = case_when( 
    
    # --- Maghreb (Algérie, Maroc, Tunisie) 
    fbrncntc %in% c("DZ","MA","TN") ~ "Maghreb", 
    
    # --- Autres pays Afrique (tout le reste de l’Afrique) 
    fbrncntc %in% c( 
      
      "AO","BF","BI","BJ","BW","CD","CF","CG","CI","CM","CV","DJ","EG","EH","ER","ET", 
      
      "GA","GH","GM","GN","GQ","GW","KE","KM","LR","LS","LY","MG","ML","MR","MU","M
W", 
      
      "MZ","NA","NE","NG","RW","SC","SD","SL","SN","SO","SS","ST","SZ","TD","TG","TZ", 
      "UG","YT","ZA","ZM","ZW","RE" 
    ) ~ "Autres pays Afrique", 
    
    # --- Turquie + Moyen-Orient 
    fbrncntc %in% c( 
      "TR","SA","BH","AE","IR","IQ","IL","JO","KW","LB","OM","PS","QA","SY","YE" 
    ) ~ "Turquie, Moyen-Orient", 
    
    # --- Autres pays Asie 
    fbrncntc %in% c( 
      # Asie du Sud-Est + Chine + Asie du Sud + reste Asie 
      "KH","LA","VN","CN","BD","BT","IN","MV","NP","PK","LK", 
      
      "AF","AM","AZ","GE","JP","KP","KR","KG","KZ","MN","MO","MM","MY","PH","SG","TH", 
      "TJ","TL","TM","TW","UZ","BN","ID","HK" 
    ) ~ "Autres pays Asie", 
    
    # --- Europe du Sud (Portugal, Espagne, Italie) 
    fbrncntc %in% c("PT","ES","IT") ~ "Europe du Sud", 
    
    # --- Autres pays de l’UE à 27 
    fbrncntc %in% c( 
      "DE","AT","BE","DK","FI","GR","IE","LU","NL","SE", 
      "BG","CY","HR","EE","HU","LV","LT","MT","PL","CZ","RO","SK","SI" 
    ) ~ "Autres pays deUEà 27", 
    
    # --- Autres pays Europe (hors UE27 + UK) 
    fbrncntc %in% c( 
      "GB","NO","CH","IS","LI","MC","SM","AD","VA", 
      "AL","BA","RS","ME","MK","XK","MD","UA","BY","RU", 
      # anciens États 
      1000, 2000, 3000, 4000, 6000 
    ) ~ "Autres pays Europe", 
    
    # --- Amérique + Océanie + Antarctique 
    fbrncntc %in% c( 
      # Amériques 
      "CA","US","MX","AR","BO","BR","CL","CO","EC","GY","PE","PY","SR","UY","VE", 
      "BZ","CR","GT","HN","NI","PA","SV", 
      
      "AG","AI","AW","BB","BM","BS","CU","CW","DM","DO","GD","GP","HT","JM","KN","KY", 
      "LC","MF","MQ","MS","PR","SX","TC","TT","VC","VG","VI","PM", 
      # Océanie 
      
      "AU","NZ","FJ","KI","MH","NR","PW","PG","SB","TO","TV","VU","WS","NC","PF","WF", 
      # Antarctique 
      "AQ" 
    ) ~ "Amérique, Océanie", 
    
    # --- Cas particuliers 
    fbrncntc == 5000 ~ "Autres pays Asie",   # Timor-Leste (INSEE = Asie) 
    fbrncntc == 6500 ~ NA_character_,         # Alien’s passport 
    fbrncntc == 6666 ~ "Non migrant", 
    
    TRUE ~ NA_character_ 
  ))

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Ces lignes de codes définissent l’origine géorgraphique du père à l’aide de la variable suivante :

Nº Code Question Mdl. rép Rmq
C27 fbrncntc Dans quel pays est né votre père ?

Entrée libre selon la norme ISO 3166-1 (2 lettres)

77 : Refus

88 : Ne sait pas

 
Cas particuliers :
fbrncntc == 5000 ~ "Autres pays Asie",   # Timor-Leste (INSEE = Asie)
fbrncntc == 6500 ~ NA_character_,         # Alien’s passport
fbrncntc == 6666 ~ "Non migrant",

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Recodage zone géographique d’origine de la mère

bdd <- bdd %>% 
  mutate(origine_geo_mere = case_when( 
    
    # --- Maghreb (Algérie, Maroc, Tunisie) 
    mbrncntc %in% c("DZ","MA","TN") ~ "Maghreb", 
    
    # --- Autres pays Afrique (tout le reste de l’Afrique) 
    mbrncntc %in% c( 
      
      "AO","BF","BI","BJ","BW","CD","CF","CG","CI","CM","CV","DJ","EG","EH","ER","ET", 
      
      "GA","GH","GM","GN","GQ","GW","KE","KM","LR","LS","LY","MG","ML","MR","MU","M
W", 
      
      "MZ","NA","NE","NG","RW","SC","SD","SL","SN","SO","SS","ST","SZ","TD","TG","TZ", 
      "UG","YT","ZA","ZM","ZW","RE" 
    ) ~ "Autres pays Afrique", 
    
    # --- Turquie + Moyen-Orient 
    mbrncntc %in% c( 
      "TR","SA","BH","AE","IR","IQ","IL","JO","KW","LB","OM","PS","QA","SY","YE" 
    ) ~ "Turquie, Moyen-Orient", 
    
    # --- Autres pays Asie 
    mbrncntc %in% c( 
      # Asie du Sud-Est + Chine + Asie du Sud + reste Asie 
      "KH","LA","VN","CN","BD","BT","IN","MV","NP","PK","LK", 
      
      "AF","AM","AZ","GE","JP","KP","KR","KG","KZ","MN","MO","MM","MY","PH","SG","TH", 
      "TJ","TL","TM","TW","UZ","BN","ID","HK" 
    ) ~ "Autres pays Asie", 
    
    # --- Europe du Sud (Portugal, Espagne, Italie) 
    mbrncntc %in% c("PT","ES","IT") ~ "Europe du Sud", 
    
    # --- Autres pays de l’UE à 27 
    mbrncntc %in% c( 
      "DE","AT","BE","DK","FI","GR","IE","LU","NL","SE", 
      "BG","CY","HR","EE","HU","LV","LT","MT","PL","CZ","RO","SK","SI" 
    ) ~ "Autres pays deUEà 27", 
    
    # --- Autres pays Europe (hors UE27 + UK) 
    mbrncntc %in% c( 
      "GB","NO","CH","IS","LI","MC","SM","AD","VA", 
      "AL","BA","RS","ME","MK","XK","MD","UA","BY","RU", 
      # anciens États 
      1000, 2000, 3000, 4000, 6000 
    ) ~ "Autres pays Europe", 
    
    # --- Amérique + Océanie + Antarctique 
    mbrncntc %in% c( 
      # Amériques 
      "CA","US","MX","AR","BO","BR","CL","CO","EC","GY","PE","PY","SR","UY","VE", 
      "BZ","CR","GT","HN","NI","PA","SV", 
      
      "AG","AI","AW","BB","BM","BS","CU","CW","DM","DO","GD","GP","HT","JM","KN","KY", 
      "LC","MF","MQ","MS","PR","SX","TC","TT","VC","VG","VI","PM", 
      # Océanie 
      
      "AU","NZ","FJ","KI","MH","NR","PW","PG","SB","TO","TV","VU","WS","NC","PF","WF", 
      # Antarctique 
      "AQ" 
    ) ~ "Amérique, Océanie", 
    
    # --- Cas particuliers 
    mbrncntc == 5000 ~ "Autres pays Asie",   # Timor-Leste (INSEE = Asie) 
    mbrncntc == 6500 ~ NA_character_,         # Alien’s passport 
    mbrncntc == 6666 ~ "Non migrant", 
    
    TRUE ~ NA_character_ 
  ))

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Ces lignes de codes définissent l’origine géorgraphique de la mère à l’aide de la variable suivante :

Nº Code Question Mdl. rép Rmq
C29 mbrncntc Dans quel pays est né votre père ?

Entrée libre selon la norme ISO 3166-1 (2 lettres)

77 : Refus

88 : Ne sait pas

 
Cas particuliers :
fbrncntc == 5000 ~ "Autres pays Asie",   # Timor-Leste (INSEE = Asie)
fbrncntc == 6500 ~ NA_character_,         # Alien’s passport
fbrncntc == 6666 ~ "Non migrant",

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Recodage zone géographique de l’individu

bdd <- bdd %>% 
  mutate(origine_geo_ind = case_when( 
    
    # --- Maghreb (Algérie, Maroc, Tunisie) 
    cntbrthd %in% c("DZ","MA","TN") ~ "Maghreb", 
    
    # --- Autres pays Afrique (tout le reste de l’Afrique) 
    cntbrthd %in% c( 
      
      "AO","BF","BI","BJ","BW","CD","CF","CG","CI","CM","CV","DJ","EG","EH","ER","ET", 
      
      "GA","GH","GM","GN","GQ","GW","KE","KM","LR","LS","LY","MG","ML","MR","MU","M
W", 
      
      "MZ","NA","NE","NG","RW","SC","SD","SL","SN","SO","SS","ST","SZ","TD","TG","TZ", 
      "UG","YT","ZA","ZM","ZW","RE" 
    ) ~ "Autres pays Afrique", 
    
    # --- Turquie + Moyen-Orient 
    cntbrthd %in% c( 
      "TR","SA","BH","AE","IR","IQ","IL","JO","KW","LB","OM","PS","QA","SY","YE" 
    ) ~ "Turquie, Moyen-Orient", 
    
    # --- Autres pays Asie 
    cntbrthd %in% c( 
      # Asie du Sud-Est + Chine + Asie du Sud + reste Asie 
      "KH","LA","VN","CN","BD","BT","IN","MV","NP","PK","LK", 
      
      "AF","AM","AZ","GE","JP","KP","KR","KG","KZ","MN","MO","MM","MY","PH","SG","TH", 
      "TJ","TL","TM","TW","UZ","BN","ID","HK" 
    ) ~ "Autres pays Asie", 
    
    # --- Europe du Sud (Portugal, Espagne, Italie) 
    cntbrthd %in% c("PT","ES","IT") ~ "Europe du Sud", 
    
    # --- Autres pays de l’UE à 27 
    cntbrthd %in% c( 
      "DE","AT","BE","DK","FI","GR","IE","LU","NL","SE", 
      "BG","CY","HR","EE","HU","LV","LT","MT","PL","CZ","RO","SK","SI" 
    ) ~ "Autres pays deUEà 27", 
    
    # --- Autres pays Europe (hors UE27 + UK) 
    cntbrthd %in% c( 
      "GB","NO","CH","IS","LI","MC","SM","AD","VA", 
      "AL","BA","RS","ME","MK","XK","MD","UA","BY","RU", 
      # anciens États 
      1000, 2000, 3000, 4000, 6000 
    ) ~ "Autres pays Europe", 
    
    # --- Amérique + Océanie + Antarctique 
    cntbrthd %in% c( 
      # Amériques 
      "CA","US","MX","AR","BO","BR","CL","CO","EC","GY","PE","PY","SR","UY","VE", 
      "BZ","CR","GT","HN","NI","PA","SV", 
      
      "AG","AI","AW","BB","BM","BS","CU","CW","DM","DO","GD","GP","HT","JM","KN","KY", 
      "LC","MF","MQ","MS","PR","SX","TC","TT","VC","VG","VI","PM", 
      # Océanie 
      
      "AU","NZ","FJ","KI","MH","NR","PW","PG","SB","TO","TV","VU","WS","NC","PF","WF", 
      # Antarctique 
      "AQ" 
    ) ~ "Amérique, Océanie", 
    
    # --- Cas particuliers 
    cntbrthd == 5000 ~ "Autres pays Asie",   # Timor-Leste (INSEE = Asie) 
    cntbrthd == 6500 ~ NA_character_,         # Alien’s passport 
    cntbrthd == 6666 ~ "Non migrant", 
    
    TRUE ~ NA_character_ 
  ))

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Ces lignes de codes définissent l’origine géorgraphique de l’individu à l’aide de la variable suivante :

Nº Code Question Mdl. rép Rmq
C22 cntbrthd Dans quel pays est né votre père ?

Entrée libre selon la norme ISO 3166-1 (2 lettres)

77 : Refus

88 : Ne sait pas

 
Cas particuliers :
fbrncntc == 5000 ~ "Autres pays Asie",   # Timor-Leste (INSEE = Asie)
fbrncntc == 6500 ~ NA_character_,         # Alien’s passport
fbrncntc == 6666 ~ "Non migrant",

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Création de la variable origine géographique de l’individu.

Ainsi, si l’origine géographique d’une personne immigrée est déterminée par son pays de naissance, il en est pas de même pour une personne immigrée de deuxième génération. C’est à l’aide de l’origine géographique des parents qu’il est possible de créer la variable permettant de déterminer l’origine d’une personne immigrée de deuxième génération.

!! : Dans ton code, il me semble que si les deux parents d’une personne immmigrée de deuxième génération ont une origine géographique différente, c’est le pays de naissance du père (et non de la mère) qui va déterminer l’origine géographique de l’individu. Ca sera à justifier.

bdd <- bdd %>% 
  mutate(origine_geo = case_when( 
    
    # Première génération d'origine Autres pays UE à 27 
    origine_migr== "1ʳᵉ génération" & origine_geo_ind == "Autres pays deUEà 27" ~ 
      "Autres pays deUEà 27", 
    
    # Première génération d'origine Autres pays UE à 27 
    origine_migr== "1ʳᵉ génération" & origine_geo_ind == "Maghreb"  ~ "Maghreb" , 
    
    # Première génération d'origine Autres pays UE à 27 
    origine_migr== "1ʳᵉ génération" & origine_geo_ind == "Autres pays Asie"   ~ "Autres pays Asie"  , 
    
    # Première génération d'origine Autres pays UE à 27 
    origine_migr== "1ʳᵉ génération" & origine_geo_ind == "Amérique, Océanie" ~ 
      "Amérique, Océanie", 
    
    # Première génération d'origine Autres pays UE à 27 
    origine_migr== "1ʳᵉ génération" & origine_geo_ind == "Europe du Sud" ~ "Europe du Sud", 
    
    # Première génération d'origine Autres pays UE à 27 
    origine_migr== "1ʳᵉ génération" & origine_geo_ind == "Autres pays Afrique" ~ 
      "Autres pays Afrique", 
    
    # Première génération d'origine Autres pays UE à 27 
    origine_migr== "1ʳᵉ génération" & origine_geo_ind == "Turquie, Moyen-Orient" ~ 
      "Turquie, Moyen-Orient", 
    
    # Première génération d'origine Autres pays UE à 27 
    origine_migr== "1ʳᵉ génération" & origine_geo_ind == "Autres pays Europe"  ~ 
      "Autres pays Europe" , 
    
    
    # Seconde génération d'origine Autres pays UE à 27 
    (origine_migr== "2ᵉ génération" & (origine_geo_mere =="Autres pays deUEà 27" & 
                                         origine_geo_pere == "Non migrant")) 
    | 
      (origine_migr== "2ᵉ génération" & (origine_geo_pere == "Autres pays deUEà 27"  & 
                                           origine_geo_mere == "Non migrant")) 
    | 
      (origine_migr== "2ᵉ génération" & (origine_geo_pere == "Autres pays deUEà 27" )) 
    | 
      (origine_migr== "2ᵉ génération" & (origine_geo_mere == "Autres pays deUEà 27"  & 
                                           is.na(origine_geo_pere))) 
    ~ "Autres pays deUEà 27", 
    
    # Seconde génération d'origine Maghreb 
    (origine_migr== "2ᵉ génération" & (origine_geo_mere =="Maghreb" & 
                                         origine_geo_pere == "Non migrant")) 
    | 
      (origine_migr== "2ᵉ génération" & (origine_geo_pere == "Maghreb"  & 
                                           origine_geo_mere == "Non migrant")) 
    | 
      (origine_migr== "2ᵉ génération" & (origine_geo_pere == "Maghreb" )) 
    | 
      (origine_migr== "2ᵉ génération" & (origine_geo_mere == "Maghreb"  & 
                                           is.na(origine_geo_pere))) 
    ~ "Maghreb", 
    
    # Seconde génération d'origine Autres paus Asie 
    (origine_migr== "2ᵉ génération" & (origine_geo_mere =="Autres pays Asie" & 
                                         origine_geo_pere == "Non migrant")) 
    | 
      (origine_migr== "2ᵉ génération" & (origine_geo_pere == "Autres pays Asie"  & 
                                           origine_geo_mere == "Non migrant")) 
    | 
      (origine_migr== "2ᵉ génération" & (origine_geo_pere == "Autres pays Asie" )) 
    | 
      (origine_migr== "2ᵉ génération" & (origine_geo_mere == "Autres pays Asie"  & 
                                           is.na(origine_geo_pere))) 
    ~ "Autres pays Asie", 
    
    # Seconde génération d'origine Amérique Océanie 
    (origine_migr== "2ᵉ génération" & (origine_geo_mere =="Amérique, Océanie" & 
                                         origine_geo_pere == "Non migrant")) 
    | 
      (origine_migr== "2ᵉ génération" & (origine_geo_pere == "Amérique, Océanie"  & 
                                           origine_geo_mere == "Non migrant")) 
    | 
      (origine_migr== "2ᵉ génération" & (origine_geo_pere == "Amérique, Océanie" )) 
    | 
      (origine_migr== "2ᵉ génération" & (origine_geo_mere == "Amérique, Océanie"  & 
                                           is.na(origine_geo_pere))) 
    ~ "Amérique, Océanie", 
    
    # Seconde génération d'origine Europe du Sud 
    (origine_migr== "2ᵉ génération" & (origine_geo_mere =="Europe du Sud" & 
                                         origine_geo_pere == "Non migrant")) 
    | 
      (origine_migr== "2ᵉ génération" & (origine_geo_pere == "Europe du Sud"  & 
                                           origine_geo_mere == "Non migrant")) 
    | 
      (origine_migr== "2ᵉ génération" & (origine_geo_pere == "Europe du Sud" )) 
    | 
      (origine_migr== "2ᵉ génération" & (origine_geo_mere == "Europe du Sud"  & 
                                           is.na(origine_geo_pere))) 
    ~ "Europe du Sud", 
    
    # Seconde génération d'origine Autres paus Afrique 
    (origine_migr== "2ᵉ génération" & (origine_geo_mere =="Autres pays Afrique" & 
                                         origine_geo_pere == "Non migrant")) 
    | 
      (origine_migr== "2ᵉ génération" & (origine_geo_pere == "Autres pays Afrique"  & 
                                           origine_geo_mere == "Non migrant")) 
    | 
      (origine_migr== "2ᵉ génération" & (origine_geo_pere == "Autres pays Afrique" )) 
    | 
      (origine_migr== "2ᵉ génération" & (origine_geo_mere == "Autres pays Afrique"  & 
                                           is.na(origine_geo_pere))) 
    ~ "Autres pays Afrique", 
    
    # Seconde génération d'origine Turquie Moyen orient 
    (origine_migr== "2ᵉ génération" & (origine_geo_mere =="Turquie, Moyen-Orient" & 
                                         origine_geo_pere == "Non migrant")) 
    | 
      (origine_migr== "2ᵉ génération" & (origine_geo_pere == "Turquie, Moyen-Orient"  & 
                                           origine_geo_mere == "Non migrant")) 
    | 
      (origine_migr== "2ᵉ génération" & (origine_geo_pere == "Turquie, Moyen-Orient" )) 
    | 
      (origine_migr== "2ᵉ génération" & (origine_geo_mere == "Turquie, Moyen-Orient"  
                                         & is.na(origine_geo_pere))) 
    ~ "Turquie, Moyen-Orient", 
    
    # Seconde génération d'origine Autres paus Europe 
    (origine_migr== "2ᵉ génération" & (origine_geo_mere =="Autres pays Europe"  & 
                                         origine_geo_pere == "Non migrant")) 
    | 
      (origine_migr== "2ᵉ génération" & (origine_geo_pere == "Autres pays Europe"   & 
                                           origine_geo_mere == "Non migrant")) 
    | 
      (origine_migr== "2ᵉ génération" & (origine_geo_pere == "Autres pays Europe"  )) 
    | 
      (origine_migr== "2ᵉ génération" & (origine_geo_mere == "Autres pays Europe"   & 
                                           is.na(origine_geo_pere))) 
    ~ "Autres pays Europe" , 
    
    
    # Natif 
    origine_migr== "Natif" ~ "Non migrant", 
    
    
    # NA 
    T ~ NA_character_ 
  ))

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Quelques tests d’effectifs

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De manière brute :

table(bdd$origine_geo)
## 
##     Amérique, Océanie   Autres pays Afrique      Autres pays Asie 
##                    15                    60                    17 
##  Autres pays deUEà 27    Autres pays Europe         Europe du Sud 
##                    32                    26                    88 
##               Maghreb           Non migrant Turquie, Moyen-Orient 
##                   132                  1374                    13

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En faisant un tableau de contingence pour la variable imsmetn :

Nº Code Question Mdl. rép
C22 imsmetn Dans quel pays est né votre père ?
Échelle de Likert (4 points) :
1 : un grand nombre
4 : Aucun
7 : Refus de réponse
8 : Ne sait pas
 
table(bdd$origine_geo, bdd$imsmetn)
##                        
##                           1   2   3   4   7   8
##   Amérique, Océanie       6   4   3   0   1   1
##   Autres pays Afrique    24  32   1   1   0   2
##   Autres pays Asie        2  11   2   1   0   1
##   Autres pays deUEà 27    8  21   2   0   0   1
##   Autres pays Europe      9  14   0   1   1   1
##   Europe du Sud          21  56   4   3   1   3
##   Maghreb                32  76  12   3   2   7
##   Non migrant           297 801 183  50   8  35
##   Turquie, Moyen-Orient   0  12   1   0   0   0

.

Les modalités ne sont absolument pas suffisantes pour les tests statistiques (<5). En plus on remarque que les personnes « non migrant » sont bien plus nombreuses — je pense à changer de question d’enquête en essayant, par des régression, de déterminer quel facteur (économique, culturel, neighborhood safety) est le plus important chez les personnes NON-IMMIGRÉES.

OU BIEN regrouper des pays

OU BIEN supprimer des personnes immigrées


Essayons quand même de garder le truc initial en recodant la variable imsmetn, où je regroupe 1 avec 2 et 3 avec 4 :

## Recoding bdd$imsmetn into bdd$imsmetn_rec
bdd$imsmetn_rec <- bdd$imsmetn |>
  as.character() |>
  fct_recode(
    "many or some" = "1",
    "many or some" = "2",
    "few or none" = "3",
    "few or none" = "4"
  )
table(bdd$origine_geo, bdd$imsmetn_rec)
##                        
##                         many or some few or none    7    8
##   Amérique, Océanie               10           3    1    1
##   Autres pays Afrique             56           2    0    2
##   Autres pays Asie                13           3    0    1
##   Autres pays deUEà 27            29           2    0    1
##   Autres pays Europe              23           1    1    1
##   Europe du Sud                   77           7    1    3
##   Maghreb                        108          15    2    7
##   Non migrant                   1098         233    8   35
##   Turquie, Moyen-Orient           12           1    0    0

.

NON toujours pas, c’est bien les catégories des personnes immigrées qu’il faut changer en première instance. Ou bien de sujet, comme proposé juste au-dessus.

bdd$imsmetn_rec <- NULL

  1. https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/fichier/6793391/IMMFRA23.pdf, p.7↩︎

  2. https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/fichier/6793391/IMMFRA23.pdf, p.8↩︎