06: Logical Operators

Introduction to Logical Operators

In R, logical operators are used to perform logical operations. The most common logical operators are & (AND), | (OR), and ! (NOT).

# Logical AND
TRUE & TRUE

## [1] TRUE

TRUE & FALSE

## [1] FALSE

# Logical OR
TRUE | FALSE

## [1] TRUE

FALSE | FALSE

## [1] FALSE

# Logical NOT
!TRUE

## [1] FALSE

!FALSE

## [1] TRUE

Exercises

1. Create a numeric vector named my_vector with the numbers 1 to 10.

# Your code here
my_vector <- 1:10
print(my_vector)

##  [1]  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10

2. Use a logical operator to select the numbers in my_vector that are greater than 5.

# Your code here
my_vector[my_vector>5]

## [1]  6  7  8  9 10

3. Use a logical operator to select the numbers in my_vector that are less than or equal to 3.

# Your code here
my_vector[my_vector<=3]

## [1] 1 2 3

4. Use logical operators to select the numbers in my_vector that are greater than 3 AND less than 7.

# Your code here
my_vector[my_vector>3 & my_vector<7]

## [1] 4 5 6

5. Create a character vector named my_fruits with “apple”, “banana”, “orange”, “apple”, “grape”. Extract the elements that are equal to “apple”.

# Your code here
my_fruits <- c("apple", "banana", "orange", "apple", "grape")
my_fruits[my_fruits == "apple"]

## [1] "apple" "apple"

6. Create a data frame with name and age columns. Extract the rows where age is greater than 25.

# Your code here
df <- data.frame(
  name = c("alif", "upoma", "rahib", "barn"),
  age = c(31, 30, 22, 4)
)
df[df$age>5, ]

##    name age
## 1  alif  31
## 2 upoma  30
## 3 rahib  22

df[df$age>25, ]

##    name age
## 1  alif  31
## 2 upoma  30

7. Using the same data frame, extract only the name column for rows where age is greater than 25.

# Your code here
df[df$age>25, "name"]

## [1] "alif"  "upoma"

Solutions

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