VMT Correlations

Per capita VMT is correlated with almost every variables examined, except for 6 (TotEmp_10, RetEmp_10, SFDU_10, D2A_WRKEMP_10, D1C_10, D1D_10). 11 other variables were NA.

The strongest correlation was a negative correlation with low income proportion and the strongest positive correlation was high income proportion.

dependent independent r_value p_value
vmt_per_cap HhPropIncQ1_10 -0.6831627 0.0000000
vmt_per_cap HhPropIncQ4_10 0.5300567 0.0000000
vmt_per_cap HousingCos 0.4800198 0.0000000
vmt_per_cap HhPropIncQ3_10 0.4696130 0.0000000
vmt_per_cap P_RentOcc -0.4494047 0.0000000
vmt_per_cap P_OwnOcc 0.4345105 0.0000000
vmt_per_cap MedianSMOC 0.4044957 0.0000000
vmt_per_cap PropUrbanSFDU_10 -0.4036912 0.0000000
vmt_per_cap RentOcc_HU -0.3639085 0.0000000
vmt_per_cap PropUrbanMFDU_10 -0.3477870 0.0000000
vmt_per_cap RuralPop_10 0.3221351 0.0000000
vmt_per_cap D1B_10 -0.3215459 0.0000000
vmt_per_cap PkgSpacesPerSFDU_10 0.3203717 0.0000000
vmt_per_cap PkgSpacesPerMFDU_10 0.3203717 0.0000000
vmt_per_cap PkgSpacesPerGQ_10 0.3203717 0.0000000
vmt_per_cap D4c_10 -0.2986586 0.0000000
vmt_per_cap D3bpo4_10 -0.2898514 0.0000000
vmt_per_cap UrbanPop_10 -0.2841158 0.0000000
vmt_per_cap HhPropIncQ2_10 -0.2777237 0.0000000
vmt_per_cap MF_10 -0.2590154 0.0000000
vmt_per_cap MFDU_10 -0.2419824 0.0000000
vmt_per_cap NumHh_10 -0.2207614 0.0000000
vmt_per_cap ACRES 0.2135916 0.0000000
vmt_per_cap RuralArea_10 0.2014783 0.0000000
vmt_per_cap D5_10 -0.1775673 0.0000000
vmt_per_cap Pop_10 -0.1652851 0.0000000
vmt_per_cap OwnOcc_HU 0.1567123 0.0000000
vmt_per_cap MedianRent -0.1322855 0.0000007
vmt_per_cap PropUrbanGQDU_10 -0.1316849 0.0000008
vmt_per_cap PropWkrPay_10 -0.1314833 0.0000008
vmt_per_cap PropNonWrkTripPay_10 -0.1249877 0.0000028
vmt_per_cap NumWkr_10 -0.1167670 0.0000122
vmt_per_cap PkgCost_10 -0.0985991 0.0002246
vmt_per_cap GQ_10 -0.0955878 0.0003483
vmt_per_cap GQDU_10 -0.0950150 0.0003781
vmt_per_cap D2A_EPHHM_10 0.0855196 0.0013825
vmt_per_cap SF_10 -0.0767460 0.0041160
vmt_per_cap D2A_JPHH_10 -0.0740473 0.0056409
vmt_per_cap UrbanArea_10 0.0674767 0.0116771
vmt_per_cap SvcEmp_10 -0.0638264 0.0170770
vmt_per_cap RetEmp_10 -0.0482036 0.0717868
vmt_per_cap D1D_10 -0.0454328 0.0897220
vmt_per_cap D2A_WRKEMP_10 -0.0322405 0.2286519
vmt_per_cap TotEmp_10 -0.0299950 0.2627332
vmt_per_cap SFDU_10 0.0179535 0.5026984
vmt_per_cap D1C_10 -0.0000963 0.9971319
vmt_per_cap PropTownSFDU_10 NA NA
vmt_per_cap PropTownMFDU_10 NA NA
vmt_per_cap PropTownGQDU_10 NA NA
vmt_per_cap TownArea_10 NA NA
vmt_per_cap MixUseProp_10 NA NA
vmt_per_cap PropCashOut_10 NA NA
vmt_per_cap EcoProp_10 NA NA
vmt_per_cap ImpProp_10 NA NA
vmt_per_cap CarSvcLevel_10 NA NA
vmt_per_cap ShdSvcAvail_10 NA NA
vmt_per_cap TownPop_10 NA NA
Note:
Stuck out values are statistial insignificant while bolded values are statistically significant.

All the built environment variables are negative, though only D4C and D3BPO4 are the only moderate correlations.

dependent independent r_value p_value
vmt_per_cap D4c_10 -0.2986586 0.0000000
vmt_per_cap D3bpo4_10 -0.2898514 0.0000000
vmt_per_cap D2A_JPHH_10 -0.0740473 0.0056409
vmt_per_cap D1D_10 -0.0454328 0.0897220
Note:
Stuck out values are statistial insignificant while bolded values are statistically significant.

Growth Corrleations

Initial Correlations

I ran a correlation for every variables in the model, the full output of that is saved here: ./TO1/correlation_output.xlsx. It contains the following sheets, R values the Pearson R correlation values for each variable pair, the number of observations for each variable pair which is 1412 for each, and P values which shows the statistical significant of each variable pair.

However to keep the amount of data displayed manageable I’ve focused this document on the correlations between SFDU_change, MFDU_change,GQDU_change, RetEmp_change, SvcEmp_change and the model variables from 2010 and the housing cost variables. There is a table summarizing these relationships below as well as in this file ./TO1/growth_correlation_output.xlsx

dependent independent r_value p_value
SFDU_change SFDU_10 -0.0680220 0.0110164
SFDU_change MFDU_10 0.0187041 0.4850035
SFDU_change GQDU_10 -0.0288135 0.2820077
SFDU_change HhPropIncQ1_10 -0.1051738 0.0000825
SFDU_change HhPropIncQ2_10 -0.1155393 0.0000151
SFDU_change HhPropIncQ3_10 0.0490437 0.0669686
SFDU_change HhPropIncQ4_10 0.1255448 0.0000025
SFDU_change TotEmp_10 0.0586438 0.0284492
SFDU_change RetEmp_10 -0.0034639 0.8971158
SFDU_change SvcEmp_10 -0.0592989 0.0267219
SFDU_change PropUrbanSFDU_10 -0.0470035 0.0791582
SFDU_change PropUrbanMFDU_10 0.0111354 0.6776352
SFDU_change PropUrbanGQDU_10 -0.0178807 0.5044318
SFDU_change PropTownSFDU_10 NA NA
SFDU_change PropTownMFDU_10 NA NA
SFDU_change PropTownGQDU_10 NA NA
SFDU_change UrbanArea_10 0.1238551 0.0000035
SFDU_change TownArea_10 NA NA
SFDU_change RuralArea_10 0.0291428 0.2765424
SFDU_change D3bpo4_10 -0.0556750 0.0375312
SFDU_change MixUseProp_10 NA NA
SFDU_change PkgSpacesPerSFDU_10 0.1477094 0.0000000
SFDU_change PkgSpacesPerMFDU_10 0.1477094 0.0000000
SFDU_change PkgSpacesPerGQ_10 0.1477094 0.0000000
SFDU_change PropWkrPay_10 -0.0574092 0.0319662
SFDU_change PropCashOut_10 NA NA
SFDU_change PropNonWrkTripPay_10 -0.0608396 0.0230126
SFDU_change PkgCost_10 -0.0744271 0.0053992
SFDU_change EcoProp_10 NA NA
SFDU_change ImpProp_10 NA NA
SFDU_change CarSvcLevel_10 NA NA
SFDU_change ShdSvcAvail_10 NA NA
SFDU_change D4c_10 -0.0852519 0.0014315
SFDU_change SF_10 -0.0542670 0.0426359
SFDU_change MF_10 0.0316749 0.2369246
SFDU_change GQ_10 -0.0290620 0.2778760
SFDU_change Pop_10 -0.0243897 0.3625102
SFDU_change NumHh_10 -0.0395519 0.1396661
SFDU_change NumWkr_10 -0.0124620 0.6417729
SFDU_change UrbanPop_10 -0.0437065 0.1026110
SFDU_change TownPop_10 NA NA
SFDU_change RuralPop_10 0.0519041 0.0525175
SFDU_change D1B_10 -0.1622701 0.0000000
SFDU_change D1C_10 -0.0815019 0.0023075
SFDU_change D1D_10 -0.0987528 0.0002195
SFDU_change D2A_JPHH_10 -0.0064298 0.8103124
SFDU_change D2A_WRKEMP_10 0.0112304 0.6750413
SFDU_change D2A_EPHHM_10 -0.0298107 0.2656787
SFDU_change D5_10 -0.0846537 0.0015467
SFDU_change ACRES 0.0459611 0.0860488
SFDU_change HousingCos 0.1529630 0.0000000
SFDU_change MedianSMOC 0.1972573 0.0000000
SFDU_change MedianRent -0.0722479 0.0069232
SFDU_change OwnOcc_HU 0.1919679 0.0000000
SFDU_change RentOcc_HU -0.2816438 0.0000000
SFDU_change P_OwnOcc 0.2687633 0.0000000
SFDU_change P_RentOcc -0.2672768 0.0000000
MFDU_change SFDU_10 0.1387992 0.0000002
MFDU_change MFDU_10 0.0443795 0.0974211
MFDU_change GQDU_10 -0.0077592 0.7720827
MFDU_change HhPropIncQ1_10 0.0601059 0.0247194
MFDU_change HhPropIncQ2_10 0.0927773 0.0005189
MFDU_change HhPropIncQ3_10 0.0207729 0.4380271
MFDU_change HhPropIncQ4_10 -0.1037052 0.0001037
MFDU_change TotEmp_10 0.2922436 0.0000000
MFDU_change RetEmp_10 0.3197529 0.0000000
MFDU_change SvcEmp_10 0.1076117 0.0000561
MFDU_change PropUrbanSFDU_10 0.0885751 0.0009230
MFDU_change PropUrbanMFDU_10 0.0465676 0.0819833
MFDU_change PropUrbanGQDU_10 -0.0267565 0.3178007
MFDU_change PropTownSFDU_10 NA NA
MFDU_change PropTownMFDU_10 NA NA
MFDU_change PropTownGQDU_10 NA NA
MFDU_change UrbanArea_10 0.0497900 0.0629146
MFDU_change TownArea_10 NA NA
MFDU_change RuralArea_10 -0.0532247 0.0467821
MFDU_change D3bpo4_10 0.0071060 0.7908028
MFDU_change MixUseProp_10 NA NA
MFDU_change PkgSpacesPerSFDU_10 -0.0419692 0.1170251
MFDU_change PkgSpacesPerMFDU_10 -0.0419692 0.1170251
MFDU_change PkgSpacesPerGQ_10 -0.0419692 0.1170251
MFDU_change PropWkrPay_10 0.0980506 0.0002435
MFDU_change PropCashOut_10 NA NA
MFDU_change PropNonWrkTripPay_10 0.0865786 0.0012036
MFDU_change PkgCost_10 0.1304668 0.0000010
MFDU_change EcoProp_10 NA NA
MFDU_change ImpProp_10 NA NA
MFDU_change CarSvcLevel_10 NA NA
MFDU_change ShdSvcAvail_10 NA NA
MFDU_change D4c_10 0.0073134 0.7848464
MFDU_change SF_10 0.1436446 0.0000001
MFDU_change MF_10 0.0454189 0.0898205
MFDU_change GQ_10 -0.0082462 0.7582090
MFDU_change Pop_10 0.1357288 0.0000004
MFDU_change NumHh_10 0.1307469 0.0000009
MFDU_change NumWkr_10 0.1248512 0.0000029
MFDU_change UrbanPop_10 0.1523200 0.0000000
MFDU_change TownPop_10 NA NA
MFDU_change RuralPop_10 -0.0659397 0.0137325
MFDU_change D1B_10 0.0876986 0.0010378
MFDU_change D1C_10 0.0757074 0.0046520
MFDU_change D1D_10 0.0827748 0.0019664
MFDU_change D2A_JPHH_10 0.0050294 0.8510747
MFDU_change D2A_WRKEMP_10 -0.0300079 0.2625282
MFDU_change D2A_EPHHM_10 0.0621287 0.0202608
MFDU_change D5_10 0.0941441 0.0004280
MFDU_change ACRES -0.0453189 0.0905302
MFDU_change HousingCos -0.0735124 0.0064469
MFDU_change MedianSMOC -0.1169684 0.0000118
MFDU_change MedianRent 0.1819834 0.0000000
MFDU_change OwnOcc_HU -0.1187642 0.0000086
MFDU_change RentOcc_HU 0.3179568 0.0000000
MFDU_change P_OwnOcc -0.2740298 0.0000000
MFDU_change P_RentOcc 0.2812110 0.0000000
GQDU_change SFDU_10 -0.0285395 0.2866112
GQDU_change MFDU_10 0.0168562 0.5291658
GQDU_change GQDU_10 0.1484788 0.0000000
GQDU_change HhPropIncQ1_10 0.0173807 0.5164271
GQDU_change HhPropIncQ2_10 0.0151216 0.5724021
GQDU_change HhPropIncQ3_10 -0.0052944 0.8433275
GQDU_change HhPropIncQ4_10 -0.0199511 0.4563667
GQDU_change TotEmp_10 0.0682856 0.0107090
GQDU_change RetEmp_10 -0.0034577 0.8972977
GQDU_change SvcEmp_10 0.0341473 0.2022813
GQDU_change PropUrbanSFDU_10 0.0073096 0.7849537
GQDU_change PropUrbanMFDU_10 0.0122993 0.6461302
GQDU_change PropUrbanGQDU_10 0.0567676 0.0339366
GQDU_change PropTownSFDU_10 NA NA
GQDU_change PropTownMFDU_10 NA NA
GQDU_change PropTownGQDU_10 NA NA
GQDU_change UrbanArea_10 0.0308629 0.2491671
GQDU_change TownArea_10 NA NA
GQDU_change RuralArea_10 -0.0032902 0.9022464
GQDU_change D3bpo4_10 0.0043365 0.8714012
GQDU_change MixUseProp_10 NA NA
GQDU_change PkgSpacesPerSFDU_10 -0.0206094 0.4416431
GQDU_change PkgSpacesPerMFDU_10 -0.0206094 0.4416431
GQDU_change PkgSpacesPerGQ_10 -0.0206094 0.4416431
GQDU_change PropWkrPay_10 0.0427956 0.1099815
GQDU_change PropCashOut_10 NA NA
GQDU_change PropNonWrkTripPay_10 0.0312442 0.2433642
GQDU_change PkgCost_10 0.0723175 0.0068691
GQDU_change EcoProp_10 NA NA
GQDU_change ImpProp_10 NA NA
GQDU_change CarSvcLevel_10 NA NA
GQDU_change ShdSvcAvail_10 NA NA
GQDU_change D4c_10 0.0384959 0.1505559
GQDU_change SF_10 -0.0268221 0.3166148
GQDU_change MF_10 0.0125388 0.6397234
GQDU_change GQ_10 0.1467898 0.0000000
GQDU_change Pop_10 0.0074997 0.7795032
GQDU_change NumHh_10 0.0445390 0.0962229
GQDU_change NumWkr_10 0.0067479 0.8011201
GQDU_change UrbanPop_10 0.0100072 0.7087225
GQDU_change TownPop_10 NA NA
GQDU_change RuralPop_10 -0.0075439 0.7782398
GQDU_change D1B_10 -0.0161517 0.5465241
GQDU_change D1C_10 -0.0010645 0.9683017
GQDU_change D1D_10 -0.0014977 0.9554159
GQDU_change D2A_JPHH_10 0.0000141 0.9995786
GQDU_change D2A_WRKEMP_10 -0.0117101 0.6620047
GQDU_change D2A_EPHHM_10 0.0369318 0.1678575
GQDU_change D5_10 0.0217836 0.4160632
GQDU_change ACRES 0.0002739 0.9918421
GQDU_change HousingCos -0.0184245 0.4953091
GQDU_change MedianSMOC -0.0247946 0.3545941
GQDU_change MedianRent -0.0042068 0.8752128
GQDU_change OwnOcc_HU -0.0029887 0.9111651
GQDU_change RentOcc_HU 0.0035421 0.8948048
GQDU_change P_OwnOcc -0.0058428 0.8273436
GQDU_change P_RentOcc -0.0094438 0.7244326
RetEmp_change SFDU_10 0.0251200 0.3483121
RetEmp_change MFDU_10 0.0211683 0.4293572
RetEmp_change GQDU_10 -0.0087838 0.7429845
RetEmp_change HhPropIncQ1_10 0.0161531 0.5464904
RetEmp_change HhPropIncQ2_10 0.0103947 0.6979855
RetEmp_change HhPropIncQ3_10 0.0202000 0.4507683
RetEmp_change HhPropIncQ4_10 -0.0266573 0.3195976
RetEmp_change TotEmp_10 0.2000464 0.0000000
RetEmp_change RetEmp_10 0.4759400 0.0000000
RetEmp_change SvcEmp_10 0.1292387 0.0000013
RetEmp_change PropUrbanSFDU_10 0.0296899 0.2676217
RetEmp_change PropUrbanMFDU_10 0.0416721 0.1196416
RetEmp_change PropUrbanGQDU_10 -0.0314682 0.2400000
RetEmp_change PropTownSFDU_10 NA NA
RetEmp_change PropTownMFDU_10 NA NA
RetEmp_change PropTownGQDU_10 NA NA
RetEmp_change UrbanArea_10 0.0306004 0.2532173
RetEmp_change TownArea_10 NA NA
RetEmp_change RuralArea_10 -0.0295796 0.2694037
RetEmp_change D3bpo4_10 -0.0254266 0.3424591
RetEmp_change MixUseProp_10 NA NA
RetEmp_change PkgSpacesPerSFDU_10 0.0033500 0.9004817
RetEmp_change PkgSpacesPerMFDU_10 0.0033500 0.9004817
RetEmp_change PkgSpacesPerGQ_10 0.0033500 0.9004817
RetEmp_change PropWkrPay_10 0.0285834 0.2858697
RetEmp_change PropCashOut_10 NA NA
RetEmp_change PropNonWrkTripPay_10 0.0239386 0.3714569
RetEmp_change PkgCost_10 0.0595223 0.0261541
RetEmp_change EcoProp_10 NA NA
RetEmp_change ImpProp_10 NA NA
RetEmp_change CarSvcLevel_10 NA NA
RetEmp_change ShdSvcAvail_10 NA NA
RetEmp_change D4c_10 -0.0413771 0.1222851
RetEmp_change SF_10 -0.0211843 0.4290068
RetEmp_change MF_10 -0.0064112 0.8108493
RetEmp_change GQ_10 -0.0099937 0.7090949
RetEmp_change Pop_10 -0.0208847 0.4355663
RetEmp_change NumHh_10 -0.0237072 0.3760998
RetEmp_change NumWkr_10 -0.0210757 0.4313791
RetEmp_change UrbanPop_10 -0.0050596 0.8501904
RetEmp_change TownPop_10 NA NA
RetEmp_change RuralPop_10 -0.0349172 0.1922866
RetEmp_change D1B_10 -0.0337263 0.2079050
RetEmp_change D1C_10 0.0352953 0.1875132
RetEmp_change D1D_10 0.0291959 0.2756668
RetEmp_change D2A_JPHH_10 0.0063179 0.8135499
RetEmp_change D2A_WRKEMP_10 -0.0211810 0.4290800
RetEmp_change D2A_EPHHM_10 0.0787484 0.0032377
RetEmp_change D5_10 0.0059562 0.8240454
RetEmp_change ACRES -0.0251969 0.3468387
RetEmp_change HousingCos 0.0238465 0.3774478
RetEmp_change MedianSMOC -0.0375358 0.1610078
RetEmp_change MedianRent 0.0661580 0.0134224
RetEmp_change OwnOcc_HU -0.0511476 0.0560600
RetEmp_change RentOcc_HU 0.0959288 0.0003316
RetEmp_change P_OwnOcc -0.0857872 0.0013351
RetEmp_change P_RentOcc 0.0886336 0.0009158
SvcEmp_change SFDU_10 -0.0224668 0.4015919
SvcEmp_change MFDU_10 0.0327132 0.2218982
SvcEmp_change GQDU_10 -0.0073363 0.7841890
SvcEmp_change HhPropIncQ1_10 0.0549752 0.0399991
SvcEmp_change HhPropIncQ2_10 0.0341353 0.2024411
SvcEmp_change HhPropIncQ3_10 -0.0098561 0.7129224
SvcEmp_change HhPropIncQ4_10 -0.0592619 0.0268171
SvcEmp_change TotEmp_10 0.2942516 0.0000000
SvcEmp_change RetEmp_10 0.2182141 0.0000000
SvcEmp_change SvcEmp_10 0.4987798 0.0000000
SvcEmp_change PropUrbanSFDU_10 0.0262000 0.3279735
SvcEmp_change PropUrbanMFDU_10 0.0502801 0.0603640
SvcEmp_change PropUrbanGQDU_10 -0.0267198 0.3184641
SvcEmp_change PropTownSFDU_10 NA NA
SvcEmp_change PropTownMFDU_10 NA NA
SvcEmp_change PropTownGQDU_10 NA NA
SvcEmp_change UrbanArea_10 -0.0113711 0.6712080
SvcEmp_change TownArea_10 NA NA
SvcEmp_change RuralArea_10 -0.0287204 0.2835663
SvcEmp_change D3bpo4_10 0.0962220 0.0003179
SvcEmp_change MixUseProp_10 NA NA
SvcEmp_change PkgSpacesPerSFDU_10 -0.0498253 0.0627279
SvcEmp_change PkgSpacesPerMFDU_10 -0.0498253 0.0627279
SvcEmp_change PkgSpacesPerGQ_10 -0.0498253 0.0627279
SvcEmp_change PropWkrPay_10 0.1084140 0.0000493
SvcEmp_change PropCashOut_10 NA NA
SvcEmp_change PropNonWrkTripPay_10 0.1018537 0.0001378
SvcEmp_change PkgCost_10 0.0703858 0.0085200
SvcEmp_change EcoProp_10 NA NA
SvcEmp_change ImpProp_10 NA NA
SvcEmp_change CarSvcLevel_10 NA NA
SvcEmp_change ShdSvcAvail_10 NA NA
SvcEmp_change D4c_10 0.0798929 0.0028159
SvcEmp_change SF_10 -0.0413280 0.1227296
SvcEmp_change MF_10 0.0155819 0.5607666
SvcEmp_change GQ_10 -0.0081579 0.7607198
SvcEmp_change Pop_10 -0.0354596 0.1854661
SvcEmp_change NumHh_10 -0.0284475 0.2881679
SvcEmp_change NumWkr_10 -0.0355359 0.1845214
SvcEmp_change UrbanPop_10 -0.0153887 0.5656373
SvcEmp_change TownPop_10 NA NA
SvcEmp_change RuralPop_10 -0.0426161 0.1114821
SvcEmp_change D1B_10 0.0089295 0.7388753
SvcEmp_change D1C_10 0.2794348 0.0000000
SvcEmp_change D1D_10 0.2697557 0.0000000
SvcEmp_change D2A_JPHH_10 0.0121791 0.6493561
SvcEmp_change D2A_WRKEMP_10 -0.0272175 0.3095313
SvcEmp_change D2A_EPHHM_10 0.0134281 0.6161692
SvcEmp_change D5_10 0.1271382 0.0000019
SvcEmp_change ACRES -0.0309547 0.2477608
SvcEmp_change HousingCos -0.0261082 0.3338710
SvcEmp_change MedianSMOC -0.0956886 0.0003433
SvcEmp_change MedianRent 0.0544409 0.0419751
SvcEmp_change OwnOcc_HU -0.0764122 0.0042818
SvcEmp_change RentOcc_HU 0.0739990 0.0056723
SvcEmp_change P_OwnOcc -0.1270905 0.0000019
SvcEmp_change P_RentOcc 0.1145216 0.0000179
Note:
Stuck out values are statistial insignificant while bolded values are statistically significant.

VMT Plots

Top 10

Built Enviornment

Growth Plots

For each dependent variables I’ve plotted the 10 highest statistically significant correlations. Group Quarter however only had 5 significant correlations, all 5 are included.

SFDU

MFDU

GQDU

RetEmp

SvcEmp