Hypothesis definition

Null hypothesis (H0): There is no significant difference between cookie dough pH with current egg ingredient vs cookie dough pH with new egg substitute.

Alternative hypothesis (H1): There is significant difference between cookie dough pH with current egg ingredient vs cookie dough pH with new egg substitute.

Data

pH with current egg ingredient values
Control
7.1
7.3
7.0
6.4
7.8
7.7
6.3
6.3
7.5
6.5
6.7
7.5
6.5
6.1
7.4
7.1
6.3
7.6
6.1
6.0
pH with new egg substitute values
Treat
6.6
7.6
6.9
7.5
6.7
7.0
7.2
7.5
7.4
7.6
7.7
7.2
6.3
7.6
7.2
7.7
7.4
7.3
7.6
7.3

t-test

## 
##  Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  Control and Treat
## t = -2.5228, df = 38, p-value = 0.007975
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is less than 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##        -Inf -0.1343407
## sample estimates:
## mean of x mean of y 
##     6.860     7.265
## 
##  Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  Treat and Control
## t = 2.5228, df = 38, p-value = 0.007975
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is greater than 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  0.1343407       Inf
## sample estimates:
## mean of x mean of y 
##     7.265     6.860
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  Treat and Control
## t = 2.5228, df = 32.515, p-value = 0.01672
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  0.07819822 0.73180178
## sample estimates:
## mean of x mean of y 
##     7.265     6.860

Plot

Conclusion

Due to p-value<0.05 it is rejected Null hypothesis (H0) and it is accepted Alternative hypothesis (H1), therefore the egg substitute significantly changes the cookie dough pH,compared to the current egg ingredient.