2025-11-02

The Dataset

  • Dataset: global-data-on-sustainable-energy (1).csv from Kaggle
  • Years covered: 2000–2020
  • Countries: 176 worldwide
  • Key indicators:
    • Access to electricity (% of population)
    • Renewable energy share in total final energy consumption (%)
    • CO2 emissions per capita
    • GDP per capita

GGPlot 1: GDP vs CO2 Emissions

GGPlot 2: Boxplot — Renewable Energy Share by Country

Plotly 1: 3D Scatterplot — GDP, CO₂, and Renewable Energy

Plotly 2: Line Plot — Access to Electricity Over Time

Statistical Analysis: Five-Number Summary (5 Countries)

The table summarizes the share of renewable energy in five major countries. Countries like Brazil and India show strong adoption of renewable energy, with medians of 45.3% for Brazil and 36.8% for India. While other countries, such as China and Germany, show a weaker but still transitioning approach to renewable energy, the United States has limited renewable energy despite having a high energy capacity.

## # A tibble: 5 × 6
##   Entity          Min    Q1 Median    Q3   Max
##   <chr>         <dbl> <dbl>  <dbl> <dbl> <dbl>
## 1 Brazil        41.3  43.3   45.3  46.8   48.9
## 2 China         11.3  12.2   13.9  18.1   29.6
## 3 Germany        3.7   7.04  11.2  14.1   17.2
## 4 India         32.4  33.7   36.8  44.3   47.1
## 5 United States  4.68  5.75   7.40  9.12  10.4

Conclusion

While global access to energy is improving, the transition to renewable energy remains uneven. Countries such as Brazil and India indicate that both economic growth and sustainable energy can grow simultaneously, but in most countries, the tradeoff between energy demand and emissions still remains.