Introduction

The main aim of the proposed data visualization project is to investigate and represent the correlation between the adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) and the level of CO 2 emissions in the world between 2010 and 2024. The project aims at answering the question whether the growing shift to electric mobility has produced any observable effect on the trends in global emissions and to what the extent this correlation can be traced in the data.

Incorporating the sales data of EV markets and the statistics of CO2 emissions, the project develops an interesting data narrative that informs the decision-making process on an environmental and policy level. The visualization reflects the rate of the EV sector development and discusses whether this development is associated with the real decrease in emissions on the global scale.

## Rows: 13953 Columns: 4
## ── Column specification ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
## Delimiter: ","
## chr (2): country_code, country_name
## dbl (2): year, value
## 
## ℹ Use `spec()` to retrieve the full column specification for this data.
## ℹ Specify the column types or set `show_col_types = FALSE` to quiet this message.
## Rows: 531 Columns: 11
## ── Column specification ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
## Delimiter: ","
## chr (7): Date, Region, Brand, Model, Vehicle_Type, Customer_Segment, Fast_Ch...
## dbl (4): Battery_Capacity_kWh, Discount_Percentage, Units_Sold, Revenue
## 
## ℹ Use `spec()` to retrieve the full column specification for this data.
## ℹ Specify the column types or set `show_col_types = FALSE` to quiet this message.
## Rows: 275 Columns: 9
## ── Column specification ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
## Delimiter: ","
## chr (7): Date, Region, Brand, Model, Vehicle_Type, Customer_Segment, Fast_Ch...
## dbl (2): Battery_Capacity_kWh, Discount_Percentage
## 
## ℹ Use `spec()` to retrieve the full column specification for this data.
## ℹ Specify the column types or set `show_col_types = FALSE` to quiet this message.
## `summarise()` has grouped output by 'Year'. You can override using the `.groups` argument.

Global CO₂ Emissions (2010–2024):

The trend of CO2 emissions observed on the global scale is steady growth with slight fluctuations around the year 2019 because of the provisional slowdown of industrial activity as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. According to post-2021 statistics, there is a slight recovery in emissions, which is an indicator of restored economic activity.

Global EV Sales Over Time

The total units sold in the EV market across the globe in 2023 had reached 121,005, bringing in about 2.61 billion in revenue. This snapshot shows that there is a solid EV market presence even in one-year perspective. Though the dataset is not up to 2023, the fact that revenue is higher than the number of units sold can indicate that high-end EVs can take the market, as the technological progress persists, and people are ready to spend on electric mobility.

EV Adoption vs CO₂ Emissions

Since there is no data on 2023, no meaningful relationship can be depicted in the scatter plot between EV adoption and CO 2 emission. In theory, it is possible to mention that a point on the graph would show 121,005 EVs vs. global CO 2 emissions in 2023, and it would show no trend or correlation.

Regional EV Sales Share

The markets analysis of the region indicates that North America (27.8%), Oceania (26.8%), and Africa (21.1) top the dataset in EV sales, whereas Europe and Asia are smaller because of the limitation in the dataset. Ideally, in reality, Europe and Asia (particularly China) dominate the EV sales around the world, which highlights that the completeness of the dataset determines regional analysis.

Conclusion

This project presents a compelling visual narrative about the global transition toward electric mobility and its connection to CO₂ emissions over the period 2010–2024. The findings reveal a notable increase in EV adoption worldwide, indicating progress in sustainable transportation. However, the parallel reduction in CO₂ emissions remains modest, reflecting that technological adoption must be supported by systemic policy changes, including renewable energy integration, green infrastructure, and improved recycling processes for EV components. The visualization underscores a vital insight: electric vehicles are a step forward, not the final solution. Achieving true climate impact requires coordinated action across industries, governments, and consumers. The project’s interactive dashboard serves as both an educational and analytical tool for understanding how innovation in the automotive sector intersects with the broader fight against climate change.

References

CO2 Emissions by Country (1960–2024):https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/ulrikthygepedersen/co2-emissions-by-country?resource=download

Electric Vehicle Market Sales (train.csv and test.csv): https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/rameezmeerasahib/electric-vehicle-ev-sales-and-adoption