Nations Homework

library(dplyr)

Attaching package: 'dplyr'

The following objects are masked from 'package:stats':

    filter, lag

The following objects are masked from 'package:base':

    intersect, setdiff, setequal, union

library(ggplot2)
library(readr)
library(RColorBrewer)

setwd("C:/Users/chris/Downloads/DATA 110")
nations <- read_csv("nations.csv")

Rows: 5275 Columns: 10
── Column specification ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
Delimiter: ","
chr (5): iso2c, iso3c, country, region, income
dbl (5): year, gdp_percap, population, birth_rate, neonat_mortal_rate

ℹ Use `spec()` to retrieve the full column specification for this data.
ℹ Specify the column types or set `show_col_types = FALSE` to quiet this message.

nations <- mutate(
nations,
gdp_trillions = (gdp_percap * population) / 1e12)

four_nations <- filter(
nations,
country == "China" |
country == "Germany" |
country == "Japan" |
country == "United States")

ggplot(
data = four_nations,
aes(x = year, y = gdp_trillions, color = country)
) +
geom_line(linewidth = 1) +
geom_point(size = 2) +
scale_color_brewer(palette = "Set1") +
labs(
  title = "GDP Over Time (Trillions USD)",
  subtitle = "(In China, Germany, Japan, and the U.S.)",
  x = "Year",
  y = "GDP (Trillions USD)",
  color = "Country") +
  theme_minimal()

nations_region <- summarise(
  group_by(nations, region, year),
  GDP = sum(gdp_trillions, na.rm = TRUE)
)

`summarise()` has grouped output by 'region'. You can override using the
`.groups` argument.

ggplot(
  data = nations_region,
  aes(x = year, y = GDP, fill = region)
) +
geom_area(color = "white") +
scale_fill_brewer(palette = "Set2") +
labs(
  title = "GDP by World Bank Region",
  x = "Year",
  y = "Total GDP (Trillions USD)",
  fill = "Region"
  ) +
  theme_minimal()

The first chart represents the GDP over time of China, Germany, Japan, and the U.S. Each country’s GDP increased from 1990-2015 although China and the United States saw the largest growth rate. China overall saw the largest growth, surpassing the U.S. in 2015, with an incredibly large spike in growth in 2000. The second chart goes over GDP per region of the world. The smallest growth in GDP is Sub-Saharan Africa unsurprisingly, due to several economic challenges and the lack of resources that region faces, while East Asia and the pacific show the highest growth in GDP from 1990-2015. I am surprised that North America isn’t higher due to the United States’ contributions to GDP, to which I am incredibly surprised by the fact that the middle east and North Africa showed greater growth than the U.S.