Lab 1: Intro to R

library(tidyverse)

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## ✔ dplyr     1.1.4     ✔ readr     2.1.5
## ✔ forcats   1.0.0     ✔ stringr   1.5.2
## ✔ ggplot2   4.0.0     ✔ tibble    3.3.0
## ✔ lubridate 1.9.4     ✔ tidyr     1.3.1
## ✔ purrr     1.1.0     
## ── Conflicts ────────────────────────────────────────── tidyverse_conflicts() ──
## ✖ dplyr::filter() masks stats::filter()
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## ℹ Use the conflicted package (<http://conflicted.r-lib.org/>) to force all conflicts to become errors

library(openintro)

## Loading required package: airports
## Loading required package: cherryblossom
## Loading required package: usdata

Exercise 1

Veri setini inceleme işlemi glimpsefonksiyonu ile yapılabilir

Ornek Resim

glimpse(arbuthnot)

## Rows: 82
## Columns: 3
## $ year  <int> 1629, 1630, 1631, 1632, 1633, 1634, 1635, 1636, 1637, 1638, 1639…
## $ boys  <int> 5218, 4858, 4422, 4994, 5158, 5035, 5106, 4917, 4703, 5359, 5366…
## $ girls <int> 4683, 4457, 4102, 4590, 4839, 4820, 4928, 4605, 4457, 4952, 4784…

veri setindeki kız sayıları

arbuthnot$girls

##  [1] 4683 4457 4102 4590 4839 4820 4928 4605 4457 4952 4784 5332 5200 4910 4617
## [16] 3997 3919 3395 3536 3181 2746 2722 2840 2908 2959 3179 3349 3382 3289 3013
## [31] 2781 3247 4107 4803 4881 5681 4858 4319 5322 5560 5829 5719 6061 6120 5822
## [46] 5738 5717 5847 6203 6033 6041 6299 6533 6744 7158 7127 7246 7119 7214 7101
## [61] 7167 7302 7392 7316 7483 6647 6713 7229 7767 7626 7452 7061 7514 7656 7683
## [76] 5738 7779 7417 7687 7623 7380 7288

Exercise 2

:Kızlar değişim trendi ………

ggplot(data = arbuthnot, aes(x = year, y = girls)) +
  geom_line() +
  theme_bw() +
  labs(x= "kiz sayisi",
       y= "Yillar")

toplam sayı

arbuthnot$boys + arbuthnot$girls

##  [1]  9901  9315  8524  9584  9997  9855 10034  9522  9160 10311 10150 10850
## [13] 10670 10370  9410  8104  7966  7163  7332  6544  5825  5612  6071  6128
## [25]  6155  6620  7004  7050  6685  6170  5990  6971  8855 10019 10292 11722
## [37]  9972  8997 10938 11633 12335 11997 12510 12563 11895 11851 11775 12399
## [49] 12626 12601 12288 12847 13355 13653 14735 14702 14730 14694 14951 14588
## [61] 14771 15211 15054 14918 15159 13632 13976 14861 15829 16052 15363 14639
## [73] 15616 15687 15448 11851 16145 15369 16066 15862 15220 14928

mutate fonksiyonu ile yeni değişken ekleme

arbuthnot <- arbuthnot %>%
  mutate(total = boys + girls)

erkek kız oranı

arbuthnot <- arbuthnot %>%
  mutate(boy_to_girl_ratio = boys / girls)

Exercise 3

Insert any text here.

library(ggplot2)
ggplot(arbuthnot, aes(x=year,y=boys)) +
  geom_line()

Erkelerin kızlardan fazla olması

arbuthnot <- arbuthnot %>%
  mutate(more_boys = boys > girls)


arbuthnot <- arbuthnot %>%
  mutate(more_boys_numeric = as.numeric(boys > girls))


arbuthnot 

## # A tibble: 82 × 7
##     year  boys girls total boy_to_girl_ratio more_boys more_boys_numeric
##    <int> <int> <int> <int>             <dbl> <lgl>                 <dbl>
##  1  1629  5218  4683  9901              1.11 TRUE                      1
##  2  1630  4858  4457  9315              1.09 TRUE                      1
##  3  1631  4422  4102  8524              1.08 TRUE                      1
##  4  1632  4994  4590  9584              1.09 TRUE                      1
##  5  1633  5158  4839  9997              1.07 TRUE                      1
##  6  1634  5035  4820  9855              1.04 TRUE                      1
##  7  1635  5106  4928 10034              1.04 TRUE                      1
##  8  1636  4917  4605  9522              1.07 TRUE                      1
##  9  1637  4703  4457  9160              1.06 TRUE                      1
## 10  1638  5359  4952 10311              1.08 TRUE                      1
## # ℹ 72 more rows

betimsel istatsitik

arbuthnot %>%
  summarize(minumum = min(boys),
            maxsimum = max(boys)
            )

## # A tibble: 1 × 2
##   minumum maxsimum
##     <int>    <int>
## 1    2890     8426

Exercise 4

What years are included in this data set? What are the dimensions of the data frame? What are the variable (column) names?

arbuthnot$year

##  [1] 1629 1630 1631 1632 1633 1634 1635 1636 1637 1638 1639 1640 1641 1642 1643
## [16] 1644 1645 1646 1647 1648 1649 1650 1651 1652 1653 1654 1655 1656 1657 1658
## [31] 1659 1660 1661 1662 1663 1664 1665 1666 1667 1668 1669 1670 1671 1672 1673
## [46] 1674 1675 1676 1677 1678 1679 1680 1681 1682 1683 1684 1685 1686 1687 1688
## [61] 1689 1690 1691 1692 1693 1694 1695 1696 1697 1698 1699 1700 1701 1702 1703
## [76] 1704 1705 1706 1707 1708 1709 1710

dim(arbuthnot)

## [1] 82  7

nrow(arbuthnot)

## [1] 82

ncol(arbuthnot)

## [1] 7

# colnames(arbuthnot) <- c("yil","erkek","kiz","toplam","erkek/kiz","cok_erkek","cok_erkek_sayisal")

# ?relocate # sutun yeri değiştirme

arbuthnot_v2 <- arbuthnot %>% select(1:3,7,6,5)

Exercise 5

Insert any text here.

# Insert code for Exercise 5 here

Exercise 6

Insert any text here.

library(ggplot2)
ggplot(arbuthnot, aes(x=year,y=boy_to_girl_ratio)) +
  geom_line() +
  xlim(c(1625,1710))

## limitlerin artrış miktarını değiştiriniz

Exercise 7

Insert any text here.

arbuthnot %>% arrange(-total)

## # A tibble: 82 × 7
##     year  boys girls total boy_to_girl_ratio more_boys more_boys_numeric
##    <int> <int> <int> <int>             <dbl> <lgl>                 <dbl>
##  1  1705  8366  7779 16145              1.08 TRUE                      1
##  2  1707  8379  7687 16066              1.09 TRUE                      1
##  3  1698  8426  7626 16052              1.10 TRUE                      1
##  4  1708  8239  7623 15862              1.08 TRUE                      1
##  5  1697  8062  7767 15829              1.04 TRUE                      1
##  6  1702  8031  7656 15687              1.05 TRUE                      1
##  7  1701  8102  7514 15616              1.08 TRUE                      1
##  8  1703  7765  7683 15448              1.01 TRUE                      1
##  9  1706  7952  7417 15369              1.07 TRUE                      1
## 10  1699  7911  7452 15363              1.06 TRUE                      1
## # ℹ 72 more rows

# arbuthnot %>% arrange(desc(total))