#Install packages if needed if (!requireNamespace(“tidyverse”, quietly = TRUE)) install.packages(“tidyverse”) if (!requireNamespace(“ggplot2”, quietly = TRUE)) install.packages(“ggplot2”) if (!requireNamespace(“dplyr”, quietly = TRUE)) install.packages(“dplyr”) ————– #Load libraries library(ggplot2) library(dplyr) library(readr) ———————–

Introduction

This report analyzes cholera cases, deaths, and case fatality rates (CFR) in Kenya from 1971 to 2016.

Data Loading and Cleaning

##Load the dataset data <- read_csv(“C:/Users/user/Desktop/UN-Report/un-report/data/practice-datasets/kenya-infectious-disease-indicators.csv”)

##Display columns colnames(data)

##Filter cholera cases and deaths cholera_cases <- filter(data, Metric == “Number of reported cases of cholera”) cholera_deaths <- filter(data, Metric == “Number of reported deaths from cholera”)

##Trim whitespace cholera_cases\(Year <- trimws(cholera_cases\)Year) cholera_deaths\(Year <- trimws(cholera_deaths\)Year)

##Convert Year to character for merging cholera_cases\(Year <- as.character(cholera_cases\)Year) cholera_deaths\(Year <- as.character(cholera_deaths\)Year)

Merging Data and Calculating CFR

cholera_data <- merge(cholera_cases, cholera_deaths, by = “Year”)

##Rename columns names(cholera_data) <- c(“Year”, “Metric_cases”, “Value_cases”, “Metric_deaths”, “Value_deaths”)

##Calculate CFR cholera_data <- cholera_data %>% mutate(CFR = (Value_deaths / Value_cases) * 100)

##Convert Year to numeric for plotting cholera_data\(Year <- as.numeric(as.character(cholera_data\)Year))

head(cholera_data)

Cholera Cases Over Time

print( ggplot(cholera_data, aes(x = Year, y = Value_cases, group = 1)) + geom_line(color = “blue”, linewidth = 1) + geom_point(color = “blue”, size = 2) + ggtitle(“Reported Cholera Cases in Kenya (1971–2016)”) + xlab(“Year”) + ylab(“Number of Cases”) + theme_minimal() + theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 90, vjust = 0.5, hjust = 1)) )

Cholera Deaths Over Time

print( ggplot(cholera_data, aes(x = Year, y = Value_deaths, group = 1)) + geom_line(color = “red”, linewidth = 1) + geom_point(color = “red”, size = 2) + ggtitle(“Reported Cholera Deaths in Kenya (1971–2016)”) + xlab(“Year”) + ylab(“Number of Deaths”) + theme_minimal() + theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 90, vjust = 0.5, hjust = 1)) )

Case Fatality Rate (CFR) Over Time

print( ggplot(cholera_data, aes(x = Year, y = CFR, group = 1)) + geom_line(color = “darkgreen”, linewidth = 1) + geom_point(color = “darkgreen”, size = 2) + ggtitle(“Cholera Case Fatality Rate in Kenya (1971–2016)”) + xlab(“Year”) + ylab(“CFR (%)”) + theme_minimal() + theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 90, vjust = 0.5, hjust = 1)) )