2025-09-29

Background

The data set I am using is a BMW Global Sales Analysis from 2010 - 2024. This analysis is composed of 50,000 rows and 11 columns. The columns of this data set are

(1) Model, (2) Year, (3) Region, (4) Color, (5) Fuel_Type, (6) Transmission, (7) Engine_Size_L, (8) Mileage_KM, (9) Price_USD, (10) Sales_Volume, and (11) Sales_Classification.

## 'data.frame':    50000 obs. of  11 variables:
##  $ Model               : chr  "5 Series" "i8" "5 Series" "X3" ...
##  $ Year                : int  2016 2013 2022 2024 2020 2017 2022 2014 2016 2019 ...
##  $ Region              : chr  "Asia" "North America" "North America" "Middle East" ...
##  $ Color               : chr  "Red" "Red" "Blue" "Blue" ...
##  $ Fuel_Type           : chr  "Petrol" "Hybrid" "Petrol" "Petrol" ...
##  $ Transmission        : chr  "Manual" "Automatic" "Automatic" "Automatic" ...
##  $ Engine_Size_L       : num  3.5 1.6 4.5 1.7 2.1 1.9 1.8 1.6 1.7 3 ...
##  $ Mileage_KM          : int  151748 121671 10991 27255 122131 171362 196741 121156 48073 35700 ...
##  $ Price_USD           : int  98740 79219 113265 60971 49898 42926 55064 102778 116482 96257 ...
##  $ Sales_Volume        : int  8300 3428 6994 4047 3080 1232 7949 632 8944 4411 ...
##  $ Sales_Classification: chr  "High" "Low" "Low" "Low" ...

Objective

With this data, I am aiming to answer these questions:

  • What factors are associated with higher sales volume?
  • Does region have a strong impact in sales volume?

I believe exploring the data will generate a strong understanding of BMW sales, which can be used to predict future sales trends and establish sales goals!

I am hypothesizing that mileage will have a big impact on car prices. I am also hypothesizing that region will have a strong impact in sales volume.

Exploratory Data Anaylsis

head(bmw)
##      Model Year        Region  Color Fuel_Type Transmission Engine_Size_L
## 1 5 Series 2016          Asia    Red    Petrol       Manual           3.5
## 2       i8 2013 North America    Red    Hybrid    Automatic           1.6
## 3 5 Series 2022 North America   Blue    Petrol    Automatic           4.5
## 4       X3 2024   Middle East   Blue    Petrol    Automatic           1.7
## 5 7 Series 2020 South America  Black    Diesel       Manual           2.1
## 6 5 Series 2017   Middle East Silver    Diesel       Manual           1.9
##   Mileage_KM Price_USD Sales_Volume Sales_Classification
## 1     151748     98740         8300                 High
## 2     121671     79219         3428                  Low
## 3      10991    113265         6994                  Low
## 4      27255     60971         4047                  Low
## 5     122131     49898         3080                  Low
## 6     171362     42926         1232                  Low

Histogram of Prices

Price vs Mileage

Barplot of Sales Volume by Region

Barplot of Sales Volume by Engine Size

Barplot of Sales Volume by Year

Average price per model

##       Model Price_USD
## 1  3 Series  75566.23
## 2  5 Series  75287.84
## 3  7 Series  75570.20
## 4        i3  74800.27
## 5        i8  75366.27
## 6        M3  74841.59
## 7        M5  74474.93
## 8        X1  75262.22
## 9        X3  75016.62
## 10       X5  74708.12
## 11       X6  74434.60

Sales per year

##    Year Sales_Volume
## 1  2010     16933445
## 2  2011     16758941
## 3  2012     16751895
## 4  2013     16866733
## 5  2014     16958960
## 6  2015     17010207
## 7  2016     16957550
## 8  2017     16620811
## 9  2018     16412273
## 10 2019     17191956
## 11 2020     16310843
## 12 2021     16884666
## 13 2022     17920946
## 14 2023     16268654
## 15 2024     17527854

Conclusion

  • Mileage: Over a long period of time, BMWs are being bought at mileages from 0 - 200,000.

  • Engine Size: All engine sizes are being sold, however the engine size with the least sales volume is the 1.5 liter engine.

  • Sales are highest in Asia and lowest in South America.

Overall, the data shows that from 2010-2024, BMW’s have been a very steady product in the market. They are being sold consistently despite region, model, mileage, and engine size. We can conclude that BMW’s will continue on this trend of positive sales.