68*56
## [1] 3808
1060+32
## [1] 1092
x <- 6
x
## [1] 6
ABC <- 5
abc <- 9
ABC
## [1] 5
getwd()
## [1] "C:/Users/ELITBOOK/Documents/Pengantar Sains Data"
nama <- "Ar rahmah khullatul"
class(nama)
## [1] "character"
angka <- 16
class(angka)
## [1] "numeric"
bilangan_kompleks <- 9 + 3i
class(bilangan_kompleks)
## [1] "complex"
lulus <- TRUE
class(lulus)
## [1] "logical"
teks <- "Jake Shim sangat tampan!"
nchar(teks)
## [1] 24
nama_depan <- "Shim"
nama_belakang <- "Jaeyun"
paste(nama_depan, nama_belakang)
## [1] "Shim Jaeyun"
paste0(nama_depan, nama_belakang)
## [1] "ShimJaeyun"
teks <- "Menjadi data analyst"
substr(teks, start = 9, stop =13 )
## [1] "data "
angka <- c(30, 40, 50)
nama <- c("arra", "jake", "yuan")
lulus <- c(TRUE, TRUE, FALSE)
angka
## [1] 30 40 50
nama
## [1] "arra" "jake" "yuan"
lulus
## [1] TRUE TRUE FALSE
bilangan <- seq(3, 30, by=3)
bilangan
## [1] 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30
rep(c(3, 4, 5), times=3)
## [1] 3 4 5 3 4 5 3 4 5
pendidikan <- factor(c("SD", "SMP", "SMA", "SMK"))
pendidikan
## [1] SD SMP SMA SMK
## Levels: SD SMA SMK SMP
factor(pendidikan, levels = c("SD", "SMP", "SMA", "SMK"), ordered = TRUE)
## [1] SD SMP SMA SMK
## Levels: SD < SMP < SMA < SMK
matriks1 <- matrix(1:12, nrow = 4, ncol = 3)
matriks1
## [,1] [,2] [,3]
## [1,] 1 5 9
## [2,] 2 6 10
## [3,] 3 7 11
## [4,] 4 8 12
matriks2 <- matrix(1:12, nrow = 4, ncol = 3, byrow = TRUE)
matriks2
## [,1] [,2] [,3]
## [1,] 1 2 3
## [2,] 4 5 6
## [3,] 7 8 9
## [4,] 10 11 12
matriks4 <- matrix(1:9, nrow = 3, ncol = 3)
matriks4[3, 2]
## [1] 6
matriks4 <- matrix(1:9, nrow = 3, ncol = 3)
matriks4[c(1, 3), ]
## [,1] [,2] [,3]
## [1,] 1 4 7
## [2,] 3 6 9
v1 <- c(5, 10, 15, 20)
v2 <- c(25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60)
arr <- array(c(v1, v2), dim = c(4, 4, 3))
arr
## , , 1
##
## [,1] [,2] [,3] [,4]
## [1,] 5 25 45 5
## [2,] 10 30 50 10
## [3,] 15 35 55 15
## [4,] 20 40 60 20
##
## , , 2
##
## [,1] [,2] [,3] [,4]
## [1,] 25 45 5 25
## [2,] 30 50 10 30
## [3,] 35 55 15 35
## [4,] 40 60 20 40
##
## , , 3
##
## [,1] [,2] [,3] [,4]
## [1,] 45 5 25 45
## [2,] 50 10 30 50
## [3,] 55 15 35 55
## [4,] 60 20 40 60
nama <- c("Arra", "Jaja", "Andin", "Caca")
umur <- c(17, 18, 16, 17)
jurusan <- c("SSD", "Sisfor", "SSD", "T.Informatika")
df <- data.frame(Name=nama, Age=umur, Major=jurusan)
df
## Name Age Major
## 1 Arra 17 SSD
## 2 Jaja 18 Sisfor
## 3 Andin 16 SSD
## 4 Caca 17 T.Informatika
df$Name
## [1] "Arra" "Jaja" "Andin" "Caca"
df$Major
## [1] "SSD" "Sisfor" "SSD" "T.Informatika"
df[, c(1, 3)]
## Name Major
## 1 Arra SSD
## 2 Jaja Sisfor
## 3 Andin SSD
## 4 Caca T.Informatika
nama <- "Arra"
nilai <- c(95, 97, 90)
matriks_nilai <- matrix(1:6, nrow = 2)
array_nilai <- array(1:8, dim = c(2, 2, 2))
df_mahasiswa <- data.frame(
nama = c("Arra", "Caca", "Ndin"),
umur = c(18, 17, 18),
lulus = c(TRUE, TRUE, FALSE)
)
my_list <- list(
variabel = nama,
vector = nilai,
matriks = matriks_nilai,
array = array_nilai,
dataframe = df_mahasiswa
)
my_list
## $variabel
## [1] "Arra"
##
## $vector
## [1] 95 97 90
##
## $matriks
## [,1] [,2] [,3]
## [1,] 1 3 5
## [2,] 2 4 6
##
## $array
## , , 1
##
## [,1] [,2]
## [1,] 1 3
## [2,] 2 4
##
## , , 2
##
## [,1] [,2]
## [1,] 5 7
## [2,] 6 8
##
##
## $dataframe
## nama umur lulus
## 1 Arra 18 TRUE
## 2 Caca 17 TRUE
## 3 Ndin 18 FALSE
my_list[[1]]
## [1] "Arra"
my_list[[5]]
## nama umur lulus
## 1 Arra 18 TRUE
## 2 Caca 17 TRUE
## 3 Ndin 18 FALSE
x <- 1:3
names(x)
## NULL
names(x) <- c("Semarang", "Salatiga", "Solo")
x
## Semarang Salatiga Solo
## 1 2 3
names(x)
## [1] "Semarang" "Salatiga" "Solo"
l <- list("A", 1:5, matrix(1:6, nrow=2), data.frame(num=c(10, 20), huruf=c("a", "b")))
names(l)
## NULL
names(l) <- c("teks", "angka", "matriks", "tabel")
l
## $teks
## [1] "A"
##
## $angka
## [1] 1 2 3 4 5
##
## $matriks
## [,1] [,2] [,3]
## [1,] 1 3 5
## [2,] 2 4 6
##
## $tabel
## num huruf
## 1 10 a
## 2 20 b
m <- matrix(1:4, nrow=2, ncol=2)
dimnames(m) <- list(c("Baris1", "Baris2"), c("Kolom1", "Kolom2"))
m
## Kolom1 Kolom2
## Baris1 1 3
## Baris2 2 4
colnames(m) <- c("X", "Y")
rownames(m) <- c("A", "B")
m
## X Y
## A 1 3
## B 2 4
nilai <- c(87, 97, 87, 88)
kota <- c("Semarang", "Salatiga", "Solo", "Jogja")
df <- data.frame(nilai, kota)
df
## nilai kota
## 1 87 Semarang
## 2 97 Salatiga
## 3 87 Solo
## 4 88 Jogja
names(df) <- c("Skor", "Kota")
df
## Skor Kota
## 1 87 Semarang
## 2 97 Salatiga
## 3 87 Solo
## 4 88 Jogja
num <- 8
if (num >= 0) {
print("Positive")
}
## [1] "Positive"
num <- -4
if(num > 0){
print("Non Negative")
} else {
print("Negative")
}
## [1] "Negative"
if(num > 0){
print("Non Negative")
}
if(num < 0){
print("Negative")
}
## [1] "Negative"
num <- 0
if (num > 0) {
print("Positive")
} else if (num < 0) {
print("Negative")
} else if (num == 0) {
print("Zero")
}
## [1] "Zero"
angka <- c(19, 57, 84, 141, 134)
total <- 0
for (nilai in angka) {
total <- total + nilai
}
print(paste("Total penjumlahan:", total))
## [1] "Total penjumlahan: 435"
i <- 1
while (i <= 5) {
print(paste("Iterasi ke-", i))
i <- i + 1
}
## [1] "Iterasi ke- 1"
## [1] "Iterasi ke- 2"
## [1] "Iterasi ke- 3"
## [1] "Iterasi ke- 4"
## [1] "Iterasi ke- 5"
angka <- 1:300
for (i in angka) {
if (i > 11 && i %% 2 != 0) {
print(paste("Angka ganjil pertama yang lebih dari 11 ditemukan:", i))
break
}
print(paste("Angka genap atau angka <= 10:", i))
}
## [1] "Angka genap atau angka <= 10: 1"
## [1] "Angka genap atau angka <= 10: 2"
## [1] "Angka genap atau angka <= 10: 3"
## [1] "Angka genap atau angka <= 10: 4"
## [1] "Angka genap atau angka <= 10: 5"
## [1] "Angka genap atau angka <= 10: 6"
## [1] "Angka genap atau angka <= 10: 7"
## [1] "Angka genap atau angka <= 10: 8"
## [1] "Angka genap atau angka <= 10: 9"
## [1] "Angka genap atau angka <= 10: 10"
## [1] "Angka genap atau angka <= 10: 11"
## [1] "Angka genap atau angka <= 10: 12"
## [1] "Angka ganjil pertama yang lebih dari 11 ditemukan: 13"
angka <- 1:10
for (i in angka) {
if (i %% 2 != 0) {
next
}
print(paste("Angka genap:", i))
}
## [1] "Angka genap: 2"
## [1] "Angka genap: 4"
## [1] "Angka genap: 6"
## [1] "Angka genap: 8"
## [1] "Angka genap: 10"
i <- 1
while (i <= 10) {
if (i %% 2 != 0) {
i <- i + 1
next
}
print(paste("Angka genap:", i))
if (i == 8) {
print("Berhenti di angka 8")
break
}
i <- i + 1
}
## [1] "Angka genap: 2"
## [1] "Angka genap: 4"
## [1] "Angka genap: 6"
## [1] "Angka genap: 8"
## [1] "Berhenti di angka 8"
x <- 1
repeat {
print(x)
x <- x + 1
if (x > 5) {
break
}
}
## [1] 1
## [1] 2
## [1] 3
## [1] 4
## [1] 5
x <- 1
repeat {
if (x == 3) {
x <- x + 1
next # Lewati angka 3
}
print(paste("Angka:", x))
x <- x + 1
if (x > 5) {
break # Hentikan loop jika x > 5
}
}
## [1] "Angka: 1"
## [1] "Angka: 2"
## [1] "Angka: 4"
## [1] "Angka: 5"