Analysis Report
Institutional Design, Coordination, and Endurance
1. Data Preparation
1.1 Load and Inspect the Data
# Load necessary libraries
library(tidyverse)## ── Attaching core tidyverse packages ──────────────────────── tidyverse 2.0.0 ──
## ✔ dplyr 1.1.4 ✔ readr 2.1.5
## ✔ forcats 1.0.0 ✔ stringr 1.5.1
## ✔ ggplot2 3.5.2 ✔ tibble 3.3.0
## ✔ lubridate 1.9.4 ✔ tidyr 1.3.1
## ✔ purrr 1.1.0
## ── Conflicts ────────────────────────────────────────── tidyverse_conflicts() ──
## ✖ dplyr::filter() masks stats::filter()
## ✖ dplyr::lag() masks stats::lag()
## ℹ Use the conflicted package (<http://conflicted.r-lib.org/>) to force all conflicts to become errorslibrary(lubridate)
# Load the data
data <- read.csv("full_data.csv")
# Inspect the first few rows
head(data)## institution year_founded founding_era_category foundingdensity_5yr
## 1 IOC 1960 Post-WWII Boom (1946-1960) 4
## 2 FAO 1945 Early 20th Century (1900-1945) 5
## 3 IMO 1948 Post-WWII Boom (1946-1960) 4
## 4 UN DOALOS 1992 Post-Cold War (1991-2000) 7
## 5 CCS 1992 Post-Cold War (1991-2000) 7
## 6 ISA 1994 Post-Cold War (1991-2000) 8
## cumulativestock ordinal_score_spatial archipelago_withinigo
## 1 16 9 4.444444
## 2 7 9 4.444444
## 3 11 9 4.444444
## 4 36 7 4.444444
## 5 36 9 4.444444
## 6 40 1 0.000000
## coastal_zone_withinigo contiguous_zone_cz_withinigo
## 1 3.333333 0
## 2 3.333333 0
## 3 3.333333 0
## 4 0.000000 0
## 5 3.333333 0
## 6 0.000000 0
## enclosed_or_semi_enclosed_sea_withinigo exclusive_economic_zone_eez_withinigo
## 1 5.555556 0
## 2 5.555556 0
## 3 5.555556 0
## 4 5.555556 0
## 5 5.555556 0
## 6 0.000000 0
## extended_continental_shelf_cs_withinigo high_seas_withinigo
## 1 0 10
## 2 0 10
## 3 0 10
## 4 0 10
## 5 0 10
## 6 0 0
## internal_waters_withinigo territorial_sea_ts_withinigo the_area_withinigo
## 1 0.000000 0 0
## 2 2.222222 0 0
## 3 2.222222 0 0
## 4 0.000000 0 0
## 5 2.222222 0 0
## 6 0.000000 0 10
## archipelago_acrossigo coastal_zone_acrossigo contiguous_zone_cz_acrossigo
## 1 3.636364 2.727273 0
## 2 3.636364 2.727273 0
## 3 3.636364 2.727273 0
## 4 3.636364 0.000000 0
## 5 3.636364 2.727273 0
## 6 0.000000 0.000000 0
## enclosed_or_semi_enclosed_sea_acrossigo exclusive_economic_zone_eez_acrossigo
## 1 4.545455 0
## 2 4.545455 0
## 3 4.545455 0
## 4 4.545455 0
## 5 4.545455 0
## 6 0.000000 0
## extended_continental_shelf_cs_acrossigo high_seas_acrossigo
## 1 0 8.181818
## 2 0 8.181818
## 3 0 8.181818
## 4 0 8.181818
## 5 0 8.181818
## 6 0 0.000000
## internal_waters_acrossigo territorial_sea_ts_acrossigo the_area_acrossigo
## 1 0.000000 0 0
## 2 1.818182 0 0
## 3 1.818182 0 0
## 4 0.000000 0 0
## 5 1.818182 0 0
## 6 0.000000 0 10
## ordinal_score_vertical_coordination data_integration_systems_withinigo
## 1 6 0
## 2 7 0
## 3 7 0
## 4 6 0
## 5 4 0
## 6 6 0
## global_regional_national_coordination_withinigo
## 1 3.333333
## 2 5.000000
## 3 2.000000
## 4 2.000000
## 5 5.000000
## 6 3.333333
## intergovernmental_to_national_institutions_withinigo
## 1 3.333333
## 2 5.000000
## 3 2.000000
## 4 2.000000
## 5 5.000000
## 6 3.333333
## multi_level_planning_structures_withinigo
## 1 3.333333
## 2 5.000000
## 3 2.000000
## 4 0.000000
## 5 0.000000
## 6 3.333333
## policy_alignment_with_national_plans_withinigo
## 1 0
## 2 5
## 3 0
## 4 0
## 5 0
## 6 0
## regional_implementing_partners_withinigo
## 1 3.333333
## 2 10.000000
## 3 4.000000
## 4 0.000000
## 5 10.000000
## 6 6.666667
## reporting_compliance_mechanisms_withinigo
## 1 0
## 2 0
## 3 0
## 4 4
## 5 0
## 6 0
## sectoral_to_national_coordination_withinigo
## 1 0
## 2 0
## 3 2
## 4 2
## 5 0
## 6 0
## technical_assistance_to_states_withinigo un_to_member_states_withinigo
## 1 3.333333 10.000000
## 2 10.000000 10.000000
## 3 10.000000 6.000000
## 4 10.000000 4.000000
## 5 0.000000 10.000000
## 6 10.000000 6.666667
## data_integration_systems_acrossigo
## 1 0
## 2 0
## 3 0
## 4 0
## 5 0
## 6 0
## global_regional_national_coordination_acrossigo
## 1 2
## 2 2
## 3 2
## 4 2
## 5 2
## 6 2
## intergovernmental_to_national_institutions_acrossigo
## 1 2
## 2 2
## 3 2
## 4 2
## 5 2
## 6 2
## multi_level_planning_structures_acrossigo
## 1 2
## 2 2
## 3 2
## 4 0
## 5 0
## 6 2
## policy_alignment_with_national_plans_acrossigo
## 1 0
## 2 2
## 3 0
## 4 0
## 5 0
## 6 0
## regional_implementing_partners_acrossigo
## 1 2
## 2 4
## 3 4
## 4 0
## 5 4
## 6 4
## reporting_compliance_mechanisms_acrossigo
## 1 0
## 2 0
## 3 0
## 4 4
## 5 0
## 6 0
## sectoral_to_national_coordination_acrossigo
## 1 0
## 2 0
## 3 2
## 4 2
## 5 0
## 6 0
## technical_assistance_to_states_acrossigo un_to_member_states_acrossigo
## 1 2 6
## 2 4 4
## 3 10 6
## 4 10 4
## 5 0 4
## 6 6 4
## ordinal_score_subject_matter biodiversity_ecosystem_conservation_withinigo
## 1 6 3.333333
## 2 6 10.000000
## 3 6 0.000000
## 4 4 10.000000
## 5 3 0.000000
## 6 4 0.000000
## cultural_heritage_traditional_knowledge_data_governance_withinigo
## 1 0
## 2 0
## 3 0
## 4 0
## 5 0
## 6 0
## disaster_risk_reduction_resilience_withinigo
## 1 0
## 2 0
## 3 0
## 4 0
## 5 0
## 6 0
## environmental_protection_climate_change_withinigo
## 1 8.333333
## 2 10.000000
## 3 4.000000
## 4 10.000000
## 5 6.666667
## 6 4.000000
## human_rights_social_justice_advocacy_withinigo
## 1 0
## 2 0
## 3 0
## 4 0
## 5 0
## 6 0
## international_cooperation_governance_withinigo
## 1 3.333333
## 2 10.000000
## 3 2.000000
## 4 0.000000
## 5 10.000000
## 6 4.000000
## research_science_innovation_withinigo security_safety_withinigo
## 1 10 0
## 2 10 0
## 3 6 10
## 4 0 0
## 5 0 0
## 6 10 0
## sustainable_development_capacity_building_withinigo
## 1 3.333333
## 2 10.000000
## 3 4.000000
## 4 5.000000
## 5 3.333333
## 6 0.000000
## trade_investment_economic_cooperation_withinigo
## 1 0
## 2 0
## 3 4
## 4 0
## 5 0
## 6 0
## biodiversity_ecosystem_conservation_acrossigo
## 1 3.333333
## 2 1.666667
## 3 0.000000
## 4 3.333333
## 5 0.000000
## 6 0.000000
## cultural_heritage_traditional_knowledge_data_governance_acrossigo
## 1 0
## 2 0
## 3 0
## 4 0
## 5 0
## 6 0
## disaster_risk_reduction_resilience_acrossigo
## 1 0
## 2 0
## 3 0
## 4 0
## 5 0
## 6 0
## environmental_protection_climate_change_acrossigo
## 1 8.333333
## 2 1.666667
## 3 3.333333
## 4 3.333333
## 5 3.333333
## 6 3.333333
## human_rights_social_justice_advocacy_acrossigo
## 1 0
## 2 0
## 3 0
## 4 0
## 5 0
## 6 0
## international_cooperation_governance_acrossigo
## 1 3.333333
## 2 1.666667
## 3 1.666667
## 4 0.000000
## 5 5.000000
## 6 3.333333
## research_science_innovation_acrossigo security_safety_acrossigo
## 1 10.000000 0.000000
## 2 1.666667 0.000000
## 3 5.000000 8.333333
## 4 0.000000 0.000000
## 5 0.000000 0.000000
## 6 8.333333 0.000000
## sustainable_development_capacity_building_acrossigo
## 1 3.333333
## 2 1.666667
## 3 3.333333
## 4 1.666667
## 5 1.666667
## 6 0.000000
## trade_investment_economic_cooperation_acrossigo ordinal_score_strategies
## 1 0.000000 6
## 2 0.000000 7
## 3 3.333333 4
## 4 0.000000 6
## 5 0.000000 4
## 6 0.000000 5
## capacity_development_operational_delivery_withinigo
## 1 10.000000
## 2 3.333333
## 3 0.000000
## 4 0.000000
## 5 5.000000
## 6 5.000000
## collaboration_partnerships_networks_withinigo
## 1 3.333333
## 2 10.000000
## 3 0.000000
## 4 0.000000
## 5 0.000000
## 6 0.000000
## environmental_climate_biodiversity_action_withinigo
## 1 3.333333
## 2 6.666667
## 3 6.000000
## 4 6.666667
## 5 0.000000
## 6 0.000000
## financial_budgetary_management_withinigo
## 1 3.333333
## 2 10.000000
## 3 4.000000
## 4 0.000000
## 5 7.500000
## 6 2.500000
## inclusion_rights_social_justice_withinigo
## 1 0
## 2 0
## 3 0
## 4 0
## 5 0
## 6 0
## innovation_technology_development_withinigo
## 1 3.333333
## 2 6.666667
## 3 2.000000
## 4 3.333333
## 5 7.500000
## 6 0.000000
## knowledge_research_data_systems_withinigo
## 1 0.000000
## 2 0.000000
## 3 0.000000
## 4 6.666667
## 5 0.000000
## 6 5.000000
## monitoring_evaluation_accountability_withinigo
## 1 0.000000
## 2 0.000000
## 3 0.000000
## 4 6.666667
## 5 0.000000
## 6 0.000000
## policy_regulation_legal_frameworks_withinigo
## 1 0.000000
## 2 6.666667
## 3 4.000000
## 4 10.000000
## 5 2.500000
## 6 5.000000
## strategic_institutional_planning_withinigo
## 1 10
## 2 10
## 3 10
## 4 10
## 5 10
## 6 10
## capacity_development_operational_delivery_acrossigo
## 1 5.000000
## 2 1.666667
## 3 0.000000
## 4 0.000000
## 5 3.333333
## 6 3.333333
## collaboration_partnerships_networks_acrossigo
## 1 1.666667
## 2 5.000000
## 3 0.000000
## 4 0.000000
## 5 0.000000
## 6 0.000000
## environmental_climate_biodiversity_action_acrossigo
## 1 1.666667
## 2 3.333333
## 3 5.000000
## 4 3.333333
## 5 0.000000
## 6 0.000000
## financial_budgetary_management_acrossigo
## 1 1.666667
## 2 5.000000
## 3 3.333333
## 4 0.000000
## 5 5.000000
## 6 1.666667
## inclusion_rights_social_justice_acrossigo
## 1 0
## 2 0
## 3 0
## 4 0
## 5 0
## 6 0
## innovation_technology_development_acrossigo
## 1 1.666667
## 2 3.333333
## 3 1.666667
## 4 1.666667
## 5 5.000000
## 6 0.000000
## knowledge_research_data_systems_acrossigo
## 1 0.000000
## 2 0.000000
## 3 0.000000
## 4 3.333333
## 5 0.000000
## 6 3.333333
## monitoring_evaluation_accountability_acrossigo
## 1 0.000000
## 2 0.000000
## 3 0.000000
## 4 3.333333
## 5 0.000000
## 6 0.000000
## policy_regulation_legal_frameworks_acrossigo
## 1 0.000000
## 2 3.333333
## 3 3.333333
## 4 5.000000
## 5 1.666667
## 6 3.333333
## strategic_institutional_planning_acrossigo ordinal_score_defined_objectives
## 1 5.000000 6
## 2 5.000000 5
## 3 8.333333 5
## 4 5.000000 4
## 5 6.666667 4
## 6 6.666667 5
## environmental_action_withinigo financial_stewardship_withinigo
## 1 2.500000 0.0
## 2 3.333333 0.0
## 3 10.000000 0.0
## 4 0.000000 0.0
## 5 0.000000 10.0
## 6 0.000000 7.5
## governance_planning_withinigo inclusion_rights_withinigo
## 1 0.0 0.0
## 2 0.0 0.0
## 3 0.0 0.0
## 4 5.0 0.0
## 5 5.0 0.0
## 6 2.5 2.5
## innovation_technology_withinigo knowledge_data_withinigo
## 1 2.500000 10.0
## 2 3.333333 10.0
## 3 0.000000 10.0
## 4 0.000000 2.5
## 5 0.000000 0.0
## 6 0.000000 0.0
## monitoring_accountability_withinigo operational_delivery_withinigo
## 1 2.500000 0
## 2 3.333333 0
## 3 5.000000 0
## 4 0.000000 5
## 5 0.000000 10
## 6 0.000000 5
## partnerships_networks_withinigo policy_regulation_withinigo
## 1 2.5 2.500000
## 2 0.0 3.333333
## 3 5.0 10.000000
## 4 0.0 10.000000
## 5 0.0 5.000000
## 6 0.0 10.000000
## environmental_action_acrossigo financial_stewardship_acrossigo
## 1 2.5 0.0
## 2 2.5 0.0
## 3 5.0 0.0
## 4 0.0 0.0
## 5 0.0 5.0
## 6 0.0 7.5
## governance_planning_acrossigo inclusion_rights_acrossigo
## 1 0.0 0.0
## 2 0.0 0.0
## 3 0.0 0.0
## 4 5.0 0.0
## 5 2.5 0.0
## 6 2.5 2.5
## innovation_technology_acrossigo knowledge_data_acrossigo
## 1 2.5 10.0
## 2 2.5 7.5
## 3 0.0 5.0
## 4 0.0 2.5
## 5 0.0 0.0
## 6 0.0 0.0
## monitoring_accountability_acrossigo operational_delivery_acrossigo
## 1 2.5 0
## 2 2.5 0
## 3 2.5 0
## 4 0.0 5
## 5 0.0 5
## 6 0.0 5
## partnerships_networks_acrossigo policy_regulation_acrossigo
## 1 2.5 2.5
## 2 0.0 2.5
## 3 2.5 5.0
## 4 0.0 10.0
## 5 0.0 2.5
## 6 0.0 10.0
## ordinal_score_defined_inter civil_society_engagement_withinigo
## 1 8 1.666667
## 2 6 5.000000
## 3 8 1.666667
## 4 6 0.000000
## 5 5 0.000000
## 6 4 0.000000
## donor_partnerships_withinigo intergovernmental_consultations_withinigo
## 1 1.666667 1.666667
## 2 2.500000 2.500000
## 3 3.333333 3.333333
## 4 10.000000 0.000000
## 5 0.000000 1.666667
## 6 0.000000 4.000000
## ngo_engagement_withinigo private_sector_partnerships_withinigo
## 1 3.333333 0
## 2 2.500000 0
## 3 3.333333 0
## 4 0.000000 0
## 5 0.000000 0
## 6 0.000000 0
## regional_body_coordination_withinigo scientific_community_linkages_withinigo
## 1 0.000000 1.666667
## 2 0.000000 7.500000
## 3 0.000000 1.666667
## 4 10.000000 10.000000
## 5 1.666667 1.666667
## 6 4.000000 0.000000
## technical_or_expert_groups_withinigo treaty_body_coordination_withinigo
## 1 1.666667 1.666667
## 2 2.500000 2.500000
## 3 1.666667 1.666667
## 4 10.000000 10.000000
## 5 0.000000 3.333333
## 6 0.000000 2.000000
## un_system_collaboration_withinigo civil_society_engagement_acrossigo
## 1 10 1.666667
## 2 10 3.333333
## 3 10 1.666667
## 4 10 0.000000
## 5 10 0.000000
## 6 10 0.000000
## donor_partnerships_acrossigo intergovernmental_consultations_acrossigo
## 1 1.666667 1.666667
## 2 1.666667 1.666667
## 3 3.333333 3.333333
## 4 1.666667 0.000000
## 5 0.000000 1.666667
## 6 0.000000 3.333333
## ngo_engagement_acrossigo private_sector_partnerships_acrossigo
## 1 3.333333 0
## 2 1.666667 0
## 3 3.333333 0
## 4 0.000000 0
## 5 0.000000 0
## 6 0.000000 0
## regional_body_coordination_acrossigo scientific_community_linkages_acrossigo
## 1 0.000000 1.666667
## 2 0.000000 5.000000
## 3 0.000000 1.666667
## 4 1.666667 1.666667
## 5 1.666667 1.666667
## 6 3.333333 0.000000
## technical_or_expert_groups_acrossigo treaty_body_coordination_acrossigo
## 1 1.666667 1.666667
## 2 1.666667 1.666667
## 3 1.666667 1.666667
## 4 1.666667 1.666667
## 5 0.000000 3.333333
## 6 0.000000 1.666667
## un_system_collaboration_acrossigo ordinal_score_sources
## 1 10.000000 4
## 2 6.666667 3
## 3 10.000000 4
## 4 1.666667 3
## 5 10.000000 2
## 6 8.333333 2
## bilateral_multilateral_arrangements_withinigo binding_secondary_law_withinigo
## 1 0 7
## 2 4 0
## 3 0 10
## 4 5 0
## 5 5 0
## 6 5 0
## compliance_oversight_withinigo customary_soft_law_withinigo
## 1 0.0 0
## 2 0.0 0
## 3 0.0 0
## 4 7.5 0
## 5 0.0 0
## 6 0.0 0
## delegated_or_derived_powers_withinigo
## 1 5
## 2 5
## 3 0
## 4 0
## 5 0
## 6 0
## foundational_treaties_charters_withinigo non_binding_secondary_law_withinigo
## 1 10 6.000000
## 2 10 0.000000
## 3 10 5.555556
## 4 10 0.000000
## 5 10 0.000000
## 6 10 0.000000
## other_governance_instruments_withinigo strategic_frameworks_withinigo
## 1 0 0
## 2 0 0
## 3 0 0
## 4 0 0
## 5 0 0
## 6 0 0
## technical_norms_standards_withinigo
## 1 0.000000
## 2 0.000000
## 3 7.777778
## 4 0.000000
## 5 0.000000
## 6 0.000000
## bilateral_multilateral_arrangements_acrossigo binding_secondary_law_acrossigo
## 1 0.000000 5.833333
## 2 3.333333 0.000000
## 3 0.000000 7.500000
## 4 3.333333 0.000000
## 5 3.333333 0.000000
## 6 3.333333 0.000000
## compliance_oversight_acrossigo customary_soft_law_acrossigo
## 1 0 0
## 2 0 0
## 3 0 0
## 4 5 0
## 5 0 0
## 6 0 0
## delegated_or_derived_powers_acrossigo
## 1 4.166667
## 2 4.166667
## 3 0.000000
## 4 0.000000
## 5 0.000000
## 6 0.000000
## foundational_treaties_charters_acrossigo non_binding_secondary_law_acrossigo
## 1 8.333333 5.000000
## 2 8.333333 0.000000
## 3 7.500000 4.166667
## 4 6.666667 0.000000
## 5 6.666667 0.000000
## 6 6.666667 0.000000
## other_governance_instruments_acrossigo strategic_frameworks_acrossigo
## 1 0 0
## 2 0 0
## 3 0 0
## 4 0 0
## 5 0 0
## 6 0 0
## technical_norms_standards_acrossigo ordinal_score_horizontal
## 1 0.000000 6
## 2 0.000000 6
## 3 5.833333 6
## 4 0.000000 7
## 5 0.000000 4
## 6 0.000000 3
## advocacy_and_communication_withinigo cross_border_initiatives_withinigo
## 1 10 0
## 2 10 0
## 3 10 0
## 4 10 0
## 5 10 0
## 6 10 0
## cross_sectoral_collaboration_withinigo
## 1 2.500000
## 2 3.333333
## 3 2.500000
## 4 2.500000
## 5 5.000000
## 6 10.000000
## inter_agency_technical_cooperation_withinigo
## 1 2.500000
## 2 3.333333
## 3 2.500000
## 4 7.500000
## 5 0.000000
## 6 0.000000
## joint_research_and_projects_withinigo multi_stakeholder_platforms_withinigo
## 1 0 2.500000
## 2 0 3.333333
## 3 0 2.500000
## 4 0 2.500000
## 5 0 0.000000
## 6 0 0.000000
## peer_to_peer_learning_mechanisms_withinigo
## 1 0.0
## 2 0.0
## 3 0.0
## 4 2.5
## 5 0.0
## 6 0.0
## regional_economic_community_coordination_withinigo
## 1 0.0
## 2 0.0
## 3 2.5
## 4 2.5
## 5 0.0
## 6 10.0
## shared_monitoring_frameworks_withinigo thematic_working_groups_withinigo
## 1 2.500000 2.500000
## 2 3.333333 3.333333
## 3 0.000000 2.500000
## 4 0.000000 2.500000
## 5 5.000000 5.000000
## 6 0.000000 0.000000
## advocacy_and_communication_acrossigo cross_border_initiatives_acrossigo
## 1 6.666667 0
## 2 5.000000 0
## 3 6.666667 0
## 4 6.666667 0
## 5 3.333333 0
## 6 1.666667 0
## cross_sectoral_collaboration_acrossigo
## 1 1.666667
## 2 1.666667
## 3 1.666667
## 4 1.666667
## 5 1.666667
## 6 1.666667
## inter_agency_technical_cooperation_acrossigo
## 1 1.666667
## 2 1.666667
## 3 1.666667
## 4 5.000000
## 5 0.000000
## 6 0.000000
## joint_research_and_projects_acrossigo multi_stakeholder_platforms_acrossigo
## 1 0 1.666667
## 2 0 1.666667
## 3 0 1.666667
## 4 0 1.666667
## 5 0 0.000000
## 6 0 0.000000
## peer_to_peer_learning_mechanisms_acrossigo
## 1 0.000000
## 2 0.000000
## 3 0.000000
## 4 1.666667
## 5 0.000000
## 6 0.000000
## regional_economic_community_coordination_acrossigo
## 1 0.000000
## 2 0.000000
## 3 1.666667
## 4 1.666667
## 5 0.000000
## 6 1.666667
## shared_monitoring_frameworks_acrossigo thematic_working_groups_acrossigo
## 1 1.666667 1.666667
## 2 1.666667 1.666667
## 3 0.000000 1.666667
## 4 0.000000 1.666667
## 5 1.666667 1.666667
## 6 0.000000 0.000000View(data)1.2 Clean and Transform the Data
# Ensure Year_cleaned is numeric
data$Year_cleaned <- as.numeric(data$year_founded)
# Calculate the age of each IGO
data <- data %>%
mutate(IGO_age = 2025 - year_founded)Derive Variables for Conjecture 1
1.3 Variables for Founding Eras
# Create dummy variables for Founding_Era_Category
data <- data %>%
mutate(
era_Pre_1900 = ifelse(founding_era_category == "Early Founding Years (Pre-1900)", 1, 0),
era_1900_1918 = ifelse(founding_era_category == "Early 20th Century (1900-1945)", 1, 0),
era_1919_1945 = ifelse(founding_era_category == "Interwar & League Era", 1, 0),
era_1946_1959 = ifelse(founding_era_category == "Post-WWII Boom (1946-1960)", 1, 0),
era_1960_1979 = ifelse(founding_era_category == "Cold War Developmentalism (1960-1979)", 1, 0),
era_1980_1989 = ifelse(founding_era_category == "Late Cold War & Restructuring (1980-1989)", 1, 0),
era_1990_1999 = ifelse(founding_era_category == "Post-Cold War & Globalisation (1990-1999)", 1, 0),
era_2000_2009 = ifelse(founding_era_category == "Early 21st-Century Multilateralism (2000-2009)", 1, 0),
era_2010_2019 = ifelse(founding_era_category == "SDG & Climate Action Era (2010-2019)", 1, 0),
era_2020_Present = ifelse(founding_era_category == "Resilience & Polycrisis Governance (2020-Present)", 1, 0)
)1.4 Spatial and Subject-Matter Breadth Scores
# Calculate spatial breadth score
spatial_cols <- grep("_withinigo|_acrossigo", names(data), value = TRUE)
spatial_cols <- spatial_cols[grepl("archipelago|coastal|eez|continental_shelf|high_seas", spatial_cols)]
data <- data %>%
mutate(spatial_breadth_score = rowSums(select(., all_of(spatial_cols)), na.rm = TRUE))
# Calculate subject-matter breadth score
subject_matter_cols <- grep("biodiversity|climate|trade|security|disaster|environmental|human_rights|international|research|sustainable|inclusion|innovation|knowledge|monitoring|policy|strategic", names(data), value = TRUE)
data <- data %>%
mutate(subject_matter_breadth_score = rowSums(select(., all_of(subject_matter_cols)), na.rm = TRUE))1.5 Coordination Scores
# Calculate vertical coordination score
vertical_coordination_cols <- grep("vertical|un_to_member|policy_alignment", names(data), value = TRUE)
data <- data %>%
mutate(vertical_coordination_score = rowMeans(select(., all_of(vertical_coordination_cols)), na.rm = TRUE))
# Calculate horizontal coordination score
horizontal_coordination_cols <- grep("horizontal|cross_sector|multi_stakeholder", names(data), value = TRUE)
data <- data %>%
mutate(horizontal_coordination_score = rowMeans(select(., all_of(horizontal_coordination_cols)), na.rm = TRUE))1.6 Strategic Diversity Score
# Calculate strategic diversity score
strategy_cols <- grep("strategic|objective|innovation|environmental_action", names(data), value = TRUE)
data <- data %>%
mutate(strategic_diversity_score = rowSums(select(., all_of(strategy_cols)) > 0, na.rm = TRUE))Derive Variables for Conjecture 2
Organisational Density, Niche Differentiation, and Adaptive Capacity
1.7 Founding Density and Specialization
# Calculate specialisation score
data <- data %>%
mutate(specialisation_score = 1 / (spatial_breadth_score + subject_matter_breadth_score + 1e-6))
# Calculate founding density quartile
data <- data %>%
mutate(founding_density_quartile = ntile(foundingdensity_5yr, 4))1.8 Niche Differentiation Score
# Calculate niche differentiation score
data <- data %>%
mutate(niche_differentiation_score = paste(spatial_breadth_score, subject_matter_breadth_score, sep = "_")) %>%
group_by(niche_differentiation_score) %>%
mutate(niche_count = n()) %>%
ungroup() %>%
mutate(niche_differentiation_score = 1 / niche_count)1.10 Strategy Breadth Score
# Calculate strategy breadth score
data <- data %>%
mutate(strategy_breadth_score = rowSums(select(., all_of(strategy_cols)) > 0, na.rm = TRUE))1.11 Density Squared
# Calculate density squared
data <- data %>%
mutate(density_squared = foundingdensity_5yr^2)Derive Variables for Conjecture 3
Embeddedness, Legitimacy, and Efficacy
1.12 Legitimacy Score
# Calculate legitimacy score using PCA
legitimacy_vars <- c("legal_authority_score", "spatial_breadth_score", "subject_matter_breadth_score",
"vertical_coordination_score", "horizontal_coordination_score", "strategic_diversity_score")
legitimacy_pca <- prcomp(select(data, all_of(legitimacy_vars)), scale. = TRUE)
data$legitimacy_score <- legitimacy_pca$x[, 1]1.13 Adaptive Capacity Score
# Calculate adaptive capacity score using PCA
adaptive_vars <- c("strategy_breadth_score", "niche_differentiation_score", "founding_density_quartile", "specialisation_score")
adaptive_pca <- prcomp(select(data, all_of(adaptive_vars)), scale. = TRUE)
data$adaptive_capacity_score <- adaptive_pca$x[, 1]2. Descriptive Analysis
2.1 Summary Statistics
summary_stats <- data %>%
select(year_founded, IGO_age, founding_era_category, cumulativestock) %>%
summary()
print(summary_stats)## year_founded IGO_age founding_era_category cumulativestock
## Min. :1865 Min. : 12.00 Length:48 Min. : 1.00
## 1st Qu.:1952 1st Qu.: 32.75 Class :character 1st Qu.:12.75
## Median :1967 Median : 58.00 Mode :character Median :25.00
## Mean :1968 Mean : 56.52 Mean :24.77
## 3rd Qu.:1992 3rd Qu.: 72.50 3rd Qu.:36.25
## Max. :2013 Max. :160.00 Max. :48.002.2 Visualize the Distribution of IGOs by Founding Era
library(ggplot2)
ggplot(data, aes(x = founding_era_category, fill = founding_era_category)) +
geom_bar() +
labs(title = "Figure 1 Number of IGOs by Founding Era", x = "Founding Era", y = "Count") +
theme_minimal() +
theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45, hjust = 1))
The Figure 1 shows the distribution of IGOs across different founding eras:
- Post-WWII Boom (1946-1960) and Post-Cold War (1991-2000) eras have the highest number of IGOs founded, indicating periods of significant institutional growth.
Cold War Era I (1961-1970) and Cold War Era II (1971-1980) also show substantial activity, reflecting the geopolitical and economic dynamics of those times.
Early 20th Century (1900-1945) and Early Founding Years (Pre-1900) have fewer IGOs, likely due to the nascent stage of international cooperation.
SDG & Climate Action Era (2011-2020) and Globalisation Era (2001-2010) show renewed interest in global governance, particularly around sustainability and climate action.
2.3 Visualize Founding Density Over Time
library(tidyverse)
library(ggrepel)
# Identify peaks in founding density
peaks <- data %>%
filter(foundingdensity_5yr == max(foundingdensity_5yr))
# Create the plot with annotations for peaks
ggplot(data, aes(x = year_founded, y = foundingdensity_5yr, group = 1)) +
geom_line() +
geom_point() +
geom_point(data = peaks, aes(x = year_founded, y = foundingdensity_5yr), color = "red", size = 3) +
geom_label_repel(
data = peaks,
aes(x = year_founded, y = foundingdensity_5yr, label = institution),
box.padding = 0.5,
segment.color = "grey50",
nudge_y = 5
) +
labs(
title = "Figure 2 Founding Density of IGOs Over Time with Peaks and Significant IGOs",
x = "Year Founded",
y = "Founding Density (5yr)"
) +
theme_minimal()
The Figure 2 is line plot with annotations highlights the founding density of IGOs over time:
- Peaks in Founding Density: The most notable peak occurs around 1994, with a founding density of 8 IGOs within a 5-year window. Significant IGOs founded during this peak include:
- OHCHR (Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights)
- **ISA (International Seabed Authority)**
- **UNCCD (United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification)**
- **UNOPS (United Nations Office for Project Services)**- Other Peaks: There are smaller peaks around the mid-1940s and mid-1960s, reflecting the post-WWII and Cold War eras.
2.4 Visualize Cumulative Stock Over Time
# Identify years with significant increases in cumulative stock
significant_increases <- data %>%
mutate(cumulative_increase = cumulativestock - lag(cumulativestock, default = first(cumulativestock))) %>%
filter(cumulative_increase > median(cumulative_increase, na.rm = TRUE)) # Filter for significant increases
# Create the plot with annotations for significant increases
ggplot(data, aes(x = year_founded, y = cumulativestock, group = 1)) +
geom_line() +
geom_point() +
geom_point(data = significant_increases, aes(x = year_founded, y = cumulativestock), color = "blue", size = 3) +
geom_label_repel(
data = significant_increases,
aes(x = year_founded, y = cumulativestock, label = institution),
box.padding = 0.5,
segment.color = "grey50",
nudge_y = 50
) +
labs(
title = "Figure 3 Cumulative Stock of IGOs Over Time with Significant IGOs",
x = "Year Founded",
y = "Cumulative Stock"
) +
theme_minimal()## Warning: ggrepel: 12 unlabeled data points (too many overlaps). Consider
## increasing max.overlaps
The Figure 3 is a line plot shows the cumulative stock of IGOs over time, with annotations for significant IGOs:
Rapid Growth Periods: The cumulative stock of IGOs increases rapidly during the Post-WWII Boom (1946-1960) and Post-Cold War (1991-2000) eras.
Significant IGOs:
- **IMF (International Monetary Fund)** and **UNICEF (United Nations Children's Fund)** were significant during the early growth phase.
- **IMO (International Maritime Organization)**, **IOC (Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission)**, **OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development)**, and **UNIDO (United Nations Industrial Development Organization)** were key during the Cold War eras.
- **UNFPA (United Nations Population Fund)** marks a significant point in the cumulative stock during the Globalisation Era.Hypothesis Testing for All Conjectures
Conjecture 1: Institutional Design, Coordination, and Endurance
H1.1: Historical Maturity and Endurance
model_h1.1 <- lm(IGO_age ~ era_Pre_1900 + era_1900_1918 + era_1919_1945 +
era_1946_1959 + era_1960_1979 + era_1980_1989 +
era_1990_1999 + era_2000_2009 + era_2010_2019,
data = data)
summary(model_h1.1)##
## Call:
## lm(formula = IGO_age ~ era_Pre_1900 + era_1900_1918 + era_1919_1945 +
## era_1946_1959 + era_1960_1979 + era_1980_1989 + era_1990_1999 +
## era_2000_2009 + era_2010_2019, data = data)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -29.2812 -10.2813 0.3594 11.7187 27.1667
##
## Coefficients: (6 not defined because of singularities)
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 41.281 2.733 15.106 < 2e-16 ***
## era_Pre_1900 118.719 15.699 7.562 1.73e-09 ***
## era_1900_1918 54.552 6.877 7.932 5.05e-10 ***
## era_1919_1945 NA NA NA NA
## era_1946_1959 31.719 5.833 5.438 2.24e-06 ***
## era_1960_1979 NA NA NA NA
## era_1980_1989 NA NA NA NA
## era_1990_1999 NA NA NA NA
## era_2000_2009 NA NA NA NA
## era_2010_2019 NA NA NA NA
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 15.46 on 44 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared: 0.7395, Adjusted R-squared: 0.7218
## F-statistic: 41.64 on 3 and 44 DF, p-value: 6.532e-13H1.2: Mandate Breadth and Endurance
model_h1.2 <- lm(IGO_age ~ spatial_breadth_score + subject_matter_breadth_score, data = data)
summary(model_h1.2)##
## Call:
## lm(formula = IGO_age ~ spatial_breadth_score + subject_matter_breadth_score,
## data = data)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -45.020 -25.239 2.989 13.684 98.103
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 80.8642 22.1413 3.652 0.000675 ***
## spatial_breadth_score 0.1855 0.3282 0.565 0.574750
## subject_matter_breadth_score -0.2050 0.1657 -1.238 0.222247
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 29.4 on 45 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared: 0.03642, Adjusted R-squared: -0.00641
## F-statistic: 0.8503 on 2 and 45 DF, p-value: 0.434H1.3: Coordination Mechanisms and Endurance
model_h1.3 <- lm(IGO_age ~ vertical_coordination_score + horizontal_coordination_score, data = data)
summary(model_h1.3)##
## Call:
## lm(formula = IGO_age ~ vertical_coordination_score + horizontal_coordination_score,
## data = data)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -38.85 -20.98 -1.26 14.96 81.20
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 12.452 21.560 0.578 0.5664
## vertical_coordination_score 4.284 4.233 1.012 0.3169
## horizontal_coordination_score 9.316 3.619 2.574 0.0134 *
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 27.8 on 45 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared: 0.1385, Adjusted R-squared: 0.1002
## F-statistic: 3.618 on 2 and 45 DF, p-value: 0.03492H1.4: Strategic Diversification and Endurance
model_h1.4 <- lm(IGO_age ~ strategic_diversity_score, data = data)
summary(model_h1.4)##
## Call:
## lm(formula = IGO_age ~ strategic_diversity_score, data = data)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -51.382 -17.138 0.316 14.415 102.013
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 29.206 22.234 1.314 0.196
## strategic_diversity_score 3.198 2.556 1.251 0.217
##
## Residual standard error: 29.13 on 46 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared: 0.03291, Adjusted R-squared: 0.01188
## F-statistic: 1.565 on 1 and 46 DF, p-value: 0.2172Conjecture 2: Organisational Density, Niche Differentiation, and Adaptive Capacity
H2.1: Density and Specialization
model_h2.1 <- lm(specialisation_score ~ founding_density_quartile, data = data)
summary(model_h2.1)##
## Call:
## lm(formula = specialisation_score ~ founding_density_quartile,
## data = data)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -0.0024816 -0.0011586 -0.0004481 0.0005553 0.0040608
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 0.0064611 0.0005938 10.881 2.59e-14 ***
## founding_density_quartile 0.0002889 0.0002168 1.333 0.189
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 0.001679 on 46 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared: 0.03717, Adjusted R-squared: 0.01624
## F-statistic: 1.776 on 1 and 46 DF, p-value: 0.1892H2.3: Niche Differentiation
model_h2.3 <- lm(niche_differentiation_score ~ foundingdensity_5yr , data = data)
summary(model_h2.3)##
## Call:
## lm(formula = niche_differentiation_score ~ foundingdensity_5yr,
## data = data)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -0.48072 0.00064 0.01928 0.02860 0.05657
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 1.018008 0.033106 30.750 <2e-16 ***
## foundingdensity_5yr -0.009322 0.007147 -1.304 0.199
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 0.1002 on 46 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared: 0.03567, Adjusted R-squared: 0.0147
## F-statistic: 1.701 on 1 and 46 DF, p-value: 0.1986H2.4: Adaptive Portfolios and Non-linear Density Effects
model_h2.4 <- lm(strategy_breadth_score ~ foundingdensity_5yr + density_squared, data = data)
summary(model_h2.4)##
## Call:
## lm(formula = strategy_breadth_score ~ foundingdensity_5yr + density_squared,
## data = data)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -3.8532 -0.9891 0.1468 0.7473 2.7473
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 8.39894 1.01576 8.269 1.41e-10 ***
## foundingdensity_5yr 0.38943 0.49582 0.785 0.436
## density_squared -0.06897 0.05325 -1.295 0.202
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 1.597 on 45 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared: 0.1169, Adjusted R-squared: 0.07769
## F-statistic: 2.98 on 2 and 45 DF, p-value: 0.06092Conjecture 3: Embeddedness, Legitimacy, and Efficacy
H3.2: Mandate Breadth and Legitimacy
model_h3.2 <- lm(legitimacy_score ~ spatial_breadth_score + subject_matter_breadth_score, data = data)
summary(model_h3.2)##
## Call:
## lm(formula = legitimacy_score ~ spatial_breadth_score + subject_matter_breadth_score,
## data = data)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -0.9972 -0.4315 -0.1538 0.3484 1.2315
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 4.997826 0.442798 11.287 1.03e-14 ***
## spatial_breadth_score -0.046846 0.006564 -7.137 6.38e-09 ***
## subject_matter_breadth_score -0.032831 0.003313 -9.909 6.92e-13 ***
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 0.588 on 45 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared: 0.7906, Adjusted R-squared: 0.7813
## F-statistic: 84.96 on 2 and 45 DF, p-value: 5.264e-16H3.3: Relational Embeddedness and Legitimacy
model_h3.3 <- lm(legitimacy_score ~ vertical_coordination_score + horizontal_coordination_score, data = data)
summary(model_h3.3)##
## Call:
## lm(formula = legitimacy_score ~ vertical_coordination_score +
## horizontal_coordination_score, data = data)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -2.46700 -0.58808 -0.01536 0.53391 3.08462
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) -2.5874 0.9105 -2.842 0.00672 **
## vertical_coordination_score 0.3913 0.1788 2.189 0.03384 *
## horizontal_coordination_score 0.3393 0.1528 2.220 0.03148 *
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 1.174 on 45 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared: 0.1652, Adjusted R-squared: 0.1281
## F-statistic: 4.453 on 2 and 45 DF, p-value: 0.0172H3.4: Strategy Breadth and Legitimacy
model_h3.4 <- lm(legitimacy_score ~ strategy_breadth_score, data = data)
summary(model_h3.4)##
## Call:
## lm(formula = legitimacy_score ~ strategy_breadth_score, data = data)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -2.08163 -0.71328 0.05808 0.68264 2.71258
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 3.94319 0.76829 5.132 5.63e-06 ***
## strategy_breadth_score -0.46164 0.08832 -5.227 4.09e-06 ***
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 1.007 on 46 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared: 0.3726, Adjusted R-squared: 0.359
## F-statistic: 27.32 on 1 and 46 DF, p-value: 4.092e-06library(ggplot2)
# Example: Visualize the relationship between IGO_age and spatial_breadth_score
ggplot(data, aes(x = spatial_breadth_score, y = IGO_age)) +
geom_point() +
geom_smooth(method = "lm", se = FALSE) +
labs(title = "Relationship between Spatial Breadth and IGO Age", x = "Spatial Breadth Score", y = "IGO Age") +
theme_minimal()## `geom_smooth()` using formula = 'y ~ x'